Author: claimsbot

1. A semiconductor memory device including a plurality of memory cells,
wherein, when the semiconductor memory device enters a refresh mode, retention times of the memory cells are measured by a control circuit with respect to data patterns which are stored in the memory cells at the time of entry into the refresh mode,
wherein the memory cells are arranged in a matrix fashion to form a sub memory cell array, said sub memory cell array comprising a check word line and a data saving word line, and
wherein memory cell data on the check word line is copied through sense amplifiers to memory cells on the data saving word line.
2. The semiconductor memory device according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of refresh cycles corresponding to the retention times are set and a refresh operation is performed according to the refresh cycles.
3. The semiconductor memory device according to claim 2, wherein the refresh cycles include a short cycle T and a long cycle nT corresponding to n times the short cycle T, n being an integer greater than or equal to two.
4. The semiconductor memory device according to claim 1, wherein memory cell data on the data saving word line are copied back to the memory cells on the check word line.
5. The semiconductor memory device according to claim 1, wherein the memory cells on the data saving word line are subjected to short-cycle refreshing while the check word line is subjected to long-cycle refreshing, the memory cell data on the data saving word line being thereafter compared with the memory cell data on the check word line.
6. The semiconductor memory device according to claim 5, wherein the long-cycle refreshing or the short-cycle refreshing is set for each word line of the sub memory cell array with reference to the result of comparison and refreshing is performed.
7. The semiconductor memory device according to claim 6, wherein each word line of the sub memory cell array is refreshed at a first instant, and each word line set for short cycle refreshing is refreshed after a lapse of a short cycle T, while each word line set for long cycle refreshing is refreshed only after a lapse of a long cycle nT, corresponding to n times the first time T, wherein n is an integer greater than or equal to 2.
8. The semiconductor memory device according to claim 6, wherein short cycle refreshing is set for each word line of the sub memory cell array for which an error is detected as the result of comparison, and long cycle refreshing is set for each word line of the sub memory cell array for which no error is detected as the result of comparison.
9. The semiconductor memory device according to claim 1, wherein the sub memory cell array includes a data saving memory cell array having the data saving word line.
10. The semiconductor memory device according to claim 9, further comprising a comparator circuit for comparing data of the memory cells on a check word line to be subjected to measurement of the retention times and data of memory cells on the data saving word line.
11. The semiconductor memory device according to claim 9, further comprising a comparator circuit for comparing output data of registers for holding data of the memory cells on a check word line to be subjected to measurement of the retention times and output data from data amplifiers for outputting data of memory cells on the data saving word line.
12. The semiconductor memory device according to claim 11, further comprising a retention judging circuit for judging the retention time of the check word line with reference to output information from the comparator circuit, the output information representing coincidenceincoincidence for the memory cells on the check word line.
13. The semiconductor memory device according to claim 12, further comprising a refresh cycle setting register for holding a refresh cycle setting signal from the retention judging circuit.
14. The semiconductor memory device according to claim 9, wherein the data saving word line is provided by selecting a redundancy word line of a redundancy circuit.
15. A method of refreshing a semiconductor memory device, the method comprising:
making the semiconductor memory device enter a refresh mode;
measuring retention times of memory cells for each word line with respect to data patterns which are stored in the memory cells;
setting a plurality of refresh cycles corresponding to the retention times;
carrying out a refresh operation according to the refresh cycles; and
copying memory cell data on a check word line of the sub memory cell array into memory cells on a data saving word line.
16. The method according to claim 15, wherein the refresh cycles include a short cycle T and a long cycle nT corresponding to n times the short cycle T, n being an integer greater than or equal to two.
17. The method according to claim 15, the semiconductor memory device including a sub memory cell array comprising the memory cells arranged in a matrix fashion, the method further comprising:
long-cycle refreshing the check word line and the data saving word line;
short-cycle refreshing the data saving word line;
reading the memory cell data on the check word line and storing the memory cell data into registers; and
comparing the memory cell data on the data saving word line and the memory cell data read from the check word line and stored in the registers.
18. The method according to claim 17, further comprising setting long cycle refreshing or short cycle refreshing for each word line in the sub memory cell array in reference to the result of comparison.

The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.

1. An RFID tag configured to receive an RFID Activation command structure that is transmitted from an RFID reader and processed in the RFID tag,
the RFID tag comprising:
an antenna;
circuitry coupled to the antenna, the circuitry being configured to process the command structure;

the command structure comprising:
a plurality of fields, the plurality of fields comprising:
a sessioninventory flag identification field that specifies a session that the RFID reader will use after the RFID tag has been activated;
a field that indicates whether the RFID tag is to check a hibernate mode state of a sessioninventory flag as a parameter upon which to base activation of the RFID tag;
a control field that specifies if tag session locking is to be in effect after activation of the RFID tag; and
a value that places the RFID tag in a tag session locked mode to prevent a response to a normal mode command with a differing session code than one indicated in the Activation command structure,
wherein the sessioninventory flag state is controlled by an RFID reader programmable timer while in a hibernate mode,
wherein an activation of the RFID tag based on the timer controlled sessioninventory flag state is related to system transmit power control operations such that the RFID tag accessed at a lower reader transmit power level temporarily does not respond to reader commands transmitted at a higher power level.
2. The RFID tag of claim 1 wherein the command structure further comprises a reader lock field that indicates if the RFID tag is operable to utilizes tag-to-reader locking with the first RFID reader after the at least one RFID tag has been activated.
3. The RFID tag of claim 1 wherein the command structure further comprises at least one duty cycle field, within the plurality of fields, that specifies a duty cycle of operation of a receiver within the activated RFID tag.
4. The RFID tag of claim 1 wherein a state machine operation is altered when the RFID tag is locked onto a first RFID reader, the altered state machine operation causing the activated RFID tag to ignore a command from a second RFID reader that does not feature an appropriate identification in the reader identification code field.
5. The RFID tag of claim 4 wherein a specialized reader command is provided that overrides the lock between the RFID tag and the first RFID reader and returns the RFID tag to a hibernate mode.
6. The RFID tag of claim 1 wherein the RFID tag is configured to check a hibernate mode tag-to-reader locking flag to identify whether the RFID tag locks to the first RFID reader while in the hibernate mode.
7. The RFID tag of claim 6 wherein the hibernate mode tag-to-reader locking flag is the same flag as a normal mode tag-to-reader locking flag.
8. The RFID tag of claim 1 wherein a tag state machine operation is altered from a passive tag operation mode into an interference rejecting mode when at least one RFID tag is in a session locked mode with a first RFID reader, the altered state machine operation causing the at least one RFID tag to ignore a command from a second RFID reader that does not feature an appropriate identification in a session field of said command.
9. The RFID tag of claim 8 wherein a specialized reader command is provided that overrides the locked tag session between the at least one RFID tag and the first RFID reader and returns the at least one RFID tag to a hibernate mode.
10. The RFID tag of claim 1 wherein the command structure further comprises at least one duty cycle field, within the plurality of fields, that describes a subsequent duty cycle of operation of the RFID tag when the RFID tag is activated.
11. An RFID reader configured to generate an RFID Activation command structure that is transmitted from the REED reader to an RFID tag,
the RFID tag comprising:
an antenna;
circuitry coupled to the antenna, the circuitry being configured to generate the command structure;

the command structure comprising:
a plurality of fields, the plurality of fields comprising:
a sessioninventory flag identification field that specifies a session that the RFID reader will use after the set of RFID tags has been activated;
a field that indicates if at least one tag, within the set of RFID tags, is to check a hibernate mode state of a sessioninventory flag as a parameter upon which to base activation of the at least one RFID tag;
a control field that specifies if tag session locking is to be in effect after activation of the at least one RFID tag; and
a value that places the at least one RFID tag in a tag session locked mode to prevent a response to a normal mode command with a differing session code than one indicated in the Activation command structure,
wherein the sessioninventory flag state is controlled by an RFID reader programmable tinier while in a hibernate mode,
wherein an activation of the set of RFID tags based on the timer controlled sessioninventory flag state is related to system transmit power control operations such that a subset of RFID tags that were accessed at lower reader transmit power levels temporarily do not respond to reader commands transmitted at higher power levels.
12. The RFID reader of claim 11 wherein a tag state machine operation is altered from a passive tag operation mode into an interference rejecting mode when at least one RFID tag is in a session locked mode with a first RFID reader, the altered state machine operation causing the at least one RFID tag to ignore a command from a second RFID reader that does not feature an appropriate identification in a session field of said command.
13. The RFID reader of claim 11 wherein a specialized reader command is provided that overrides the locked tag session between the at least one RFID tag and the first RFID reader and returns the at least one RFID tag to a hibernate mode.
14. The RFID reader of claim 11 wherein the command structure further comprises at least one duty cycle field, within the plurality of fields, that describes a subsequent duty cycle of operation of at least one receiver within the set of activated RFID tags.

1. Offset printing machine with at least one printing unit with at least one form cylinder and one transfer cylinder as well as with at least one folder unit and one drive, characterized by the fact that, per printing unit, at least one of these cylinders is in drive connection with a separate electric motor (7) and this cylinder (1.1 to 1.5; 2.1 to 2.5) is not in mechanical drive connection with an optional further cylinder (1.1. to 1.5; 2.1 to 2.5), which is driven directly or indirectly by a separate electric motor.
2. Offset printing machine as in claim 1, characterized by the fact that in a printing unit with multiple commonly-acting printing groups (3, 4, 12, 13, 14), a form cylinder or transfer cylinder (1.1 to 1.5; 2.1 to 2.5) is driven by an electric motor (7) and this cylinder is in drive connection via spur gears (8 to 11, 15, 17) with the further form cylinders and transfer cylinders (1.1, to 1.5; 2.1 to 2.5) and optionally with a satellite cylinder (16).
3. Offset printing machine as in claim 1, characterized by the fact that in a printing group bridge of a printing unit, a form cylinder or transfer cylinder (1.1 to 1.5; 2.1 to 2.5) is driven by an electric motor (7) and this cylinder (1.1 to 1.5; 2.1 to 2.5) is in drive connection via spur gears (8 to 11) with the further form cylinders and transfer cylinders (1.1 to 1.5; 2.1 to 2.5) of this printing group bridge and optionally with a satellite cylinder (16).
4. Offset printing machine as in claim 1, characterized by the fact that in a printing unit, each of the form cylinders (1.1 to 1.5) is driven, respectively, by a separate electric motor (7) and is in drive connection via spur gears (8, 10, 19, 20) with the respective associated transfer cylinder (2.1 to 2.5).
5. Offset printing machine as in claim 1, characterized by the fact that in a printing unit, each of the transfer cylinders (2.1 to 2.5) is driven, respectively, by a separate electric motor (7) and is in drive connection via spur gears (8, 10, 19, 20) with the respective associated form cylinder (1.1 to 1.5).
6. Offset printing machine as in claim 1, characterized by the fact that all form cylinders and transfer cylinders (1.1 to 1.5; 2.1 to 2.5) and, as applicable, the satellite cylinder (16) are driven, respectively, by separate electric motors (7).
7. Offset printing machine, especially as in one of the above claims, characterized by the fact that functional groups, especially webbing-in mechanisms (28), cooling rollers (29), cylinders in the folder unit mechanism (26, 27), as well as groups with advance control, such as cutting rollers (30) before the turning bars, forming rollers (31) in the folder unit device, and feeding and transfer rollers (32), are directly or indirectly driven, respectively, by separate electric motors (33).
8. Offset printing machine, especially as in one of the claims 4 to 6, characterized by the fact that for the purpose of adjusting the ink register, the electric motor (7) which drives the form cylinder (1.1 to 1.5) to be adjusted functions as an adjusting element.
9. Offset printing machine, especially as in one of the claims 4 to 6 or 8, characterized by the fact that for the purpose of adjusting the circumferential register of multiple printing images relative to one another on the circumference of a form cylinder (38) of a printing group (35), a position indicator (42) of the printing group (35) and a sensor (44), which scans the register marks on the web (43) leaving the printing group (35), are connected to a comparison device (45), the output of which is fed to the input of the motor control (41) of the electric motor or electric motors (40) of the printing group (35) for their periodic driving with the required advance or lag per rotation.
10. Offset printing machine, especially as in one of the claims 4 to 6 or 8, characterized by the fact that for the purpose of adjusting the ink register between two printing groups (46, 47) which print on the web (48) one after the other, two sensors (49, 50), which scan the register marks on the web (4) leaving the printing groups, are connected to a comparison device (51), the output on which is fed to the input of the motor control (52) of the electric motor or electric motors (54) of the printing group (47) to be adjusted.
11. Offset printing machine, especially as in one of the above claims, characterized by the fact that for the purpose of presetting the printing units (21 to 24) in order to match different web paths, the motor controls (56) of the electric motors of the printing groups to be adjusted are connected on the input-side to a computing and memory unit (57), into which the cylinder positions to be established are entered.
12. Offset printing machine, especially as in one of the above claims, characterized by the fact that for the purpose of controlling the cutting register of a web (62) which is printed on by at least one printing group, a sensor (63) for the cutting register and a position indicator (64) of an electric motor of one of the printing groups (58 to 61) printing on the web (62) are connected to a comparison device (65), the output of which is fed to the input of the motor control (66) of the electric motor or electric motors of the printing groups (58 to 61) printing on the web (62) for their advanced or lagging drive to their required positions.
13. Offset printing machine, especially as in one of the claims 4 to 6, characterized by the fact that for the purpose of turning the form cylinders (75, 76) into a position for the form change, the motor controls (73) of the electric motors which drive the form cylinders (75, 76) are connected on the input-side to a computing and memory unit (74), into which the cylinder positions to be established are entered.
14. Offset printing machine, especially as in one of the above claims, characterized by the fact that all inking and damping distribution cylinders (81.1, 82.1, 83.1) of an inking unit and a damping unit (79.1, 80.1) are commonly driven by one electric motor (88).
15. Offset printing machine, especially as in one of the claims 1 to 13, characterized by the fact that all inking distribution cylinders (81.2, 82.2) of an inking unit (79.2) are driven by a common electric motor (89) and the damping distribution cylinder (83.2) is driven by a separate electric motor (90).
16. Offset printing machine, especially as in one of the claims 1 to 13, characterized by the fact that all inking distribution cylinders and damping distribution cylinders (81.3, 82.3, 83.3) of a printing group are driven, respectively, by separate electric motors (92, 93, 94).
17. Offset printing machine as in one of the above claims with a cylinder, especially a form cylinder, transfer cylinder or distribution cylinder, characterized by the fact that the rotor (112, 118) of the electric motor (113, 119) is rigidly connected to the cylinder (105, 116).
18. Offset printing machine as in claim 17, characterized by the fact that the rotor (118) is screwed on the face to a journal (117) of the cylinder (116).
19. Offset printing machine as in claim 17, characterized by the fact that the journals (106, 107) of the cylinder (105) are screwed on the face to the cylinder body and the end of a journal (106) is designed as a rotor (112).
20. Offset printing machine, especially as in one of the claims 17 to 19, with a form cylinder, characterized by the fact that a motor (115) acts upon a journal (106) for the side register adjustment.
21. Offset printing machine, especially as in one of the claims 16 to 19, with a distribution cylinder, characterized by the fact that a motor (100, 101, 102) acts upon a journal for the lateral distribution.
22. Offset printing machine with an inking unit and a damping unit with three distribution cylinders, especially as in one of the claims 16 to 21, characterized by the fact that a motor (100, 101, 102) acts upon each distribution cylinder (81.2, 82.3, 83.3) for the purpose of its axial shifting and the motors (100, 101, 102) are controlled by a motor control (103) with the following parameters:
same sequence of motion of the three distribution cylinders
sine-shaped curve of the oscillation motion
oscillation motion linearly proportional to the speed of the offset printing machine
distributor lifts staggered to one another by 120 phase position
23. Offset printing machine as in one of the above claims, characterized by the fact that the stator (114) of the electric motor (113) is arranged fixedly on the side wall (108) of the printing machine.
24. Offset printing machine as in one of the claims 1 to 22, characterized by the fact that the stator (127) of the electric motor (128) is attached to an eccentric bearing ring (129) of the cylinder.
25. Offset printing machine as in claim 24, characterized by the fact that the eccentric bearing ring (129) carries a flange (134), with which it is held on the side wall (131) by means of hold-down devices (135) for the purpose of absorbing tilting moments, and the bearing ring (129) works together with a stationary stop (138).
26. Offset printing machine as in one of the claims 1 to 22, 24 or 25, characterized by the fact that the cylinder (116) is mounted by a journal (117) in bearing shields (123, 124) that can be moved apart from one another and which, when moved apart, uncover an opening (125) in the side wall (126), through which a sleeve-type printing or transfer form (139) can be passed.
27. Offset printing machine as in one of the above claims, characterized by the fact that the electric motor (7) is arranged on the operator side (S1) of the printing machine.
28. Offset printing machine as in one of the claims 1 to 25, characterized by the fact that the electric motor (7) is arranged on the drive side (S2) of the printing machine.
29. Offset printing machine or cylinder of an offset printing machine as in one of the above claims, characterized by the fact that the electric motor (7) is designed in an angle-controlled manner.
30. Offset printing machine as in claim 20 or 21, characterized by the fact that the amount of shift (Z) of the form cylinder (105) for the side register or the distributor lift of the distribution cylinder (81, 82, 83) is of such a dimension that when the journals (106, 107) unscrewed from the cylinder body of these cylinders are moved away, the cylinder body can be removed from the printing machine.
31. Offset printing machine, especially as in one of the above claims, characterized by the fact that for the purpose of setting the cutting register of a printed-on web (55), the motor control (56) of the electric motors of the printing groups printing on the web (55) is connected on the input side to a computing and memory unit (57), into which the cylinder positions for the cutting register are entered for the purpose of placing the cylinders of all printing groups printing on the web into the preestablished positions.
32. Process for adjusting the circumferential register of multiple printing images on the circumference of a form cylinder of a printing group, especially as in one of the claims 4 to 6, whereby the printing group prints register marks on the web, and the register marks are scanned by a sensor, the signals of which are compared to target value signals, and, based on the comparison signals, the electric motor which drives the form cylinder is operated periodically with the required advance or lag per rotation.
33. Process for controlling the cutting register of a web printed on by at least one printing group of an offset printing machine, especially as in one of the claims 1 to 6, whereby one printing group prints a register mark on the web, a sensor scans the register mark, the signal of the sensor is compared to a target value signal and, based on the comparison signal, all printing groups printing on the web are driven with advance or lag until they assume the required positions.
34. Process for reversing a separately-driven printing group of an offset printing machine, especially as in one of the claims 1 to 31, whereby the electric motor or electric motors driving the printing group are reversed in their rotational direction.

The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.

1. A method for tracking advertising effectiveness comprising:
printing advertising data with an advertisement, the advertising data identifying the advertisement, the advertising data capable of being scanned by a handheld device of a potential customer;
providing the potential customer with an incentive to scan the advertising data, the advertising data related to the incentive being stored on the handheld device after scanning by the potential customer; and
receiving the advertising data scanned by the potential customer and as a consequence crediting a loyalty point program of the potential customer.
2. The method as recited in claim 1 wherein the advertisement is printed by a first advertiser, and further comprising printing second advertising data with a second advertisement of an advertiser different from the first advertiser, and providing the potential customer with an second incentive to scan the second advertising data.
3. The method as recited in claim 2 where the advertising data is received at a server, and further comprising receiving the second advertising data scanned by the potential customer at the server.
4. The method as recited in claim 3 further comprising crediting a second loyalty point program of the potential customer with the second incentive.
5. The method as recited in claim 3 further comprising crediting the first loyalty point program of the potential customer with the second incentive.
6. The method as recited in claim 1 further comprising permitting the potential customer to redeem the incentive via an existing loyalty point program and respective loyalty card of the potential customer.
7. The method as recited in claim 1 further comprising permitting the potential customer to redeem the incentive via a credit or debit card or smart device of the customer.
8. The method as recited in claim 1 wherein the advertising data is printed in the form of a 2-D bar code
9. A system for tracking advertising effectiveness comprising:
a loyalty point collection server receiving information related to scanned advertising data of an advertiser, the scanned advertising data being stored on a plurality of handheld devices, the loyalty point collection server crediting loyalty points to loyalty point programs of users of the handheld devices as a function of the scanned advertising data, the loyalty point collection server providing information on the scanned advertising data to the advertiser.
10. A method for tracking advertising effectiveness comprising:
receiving information at a loyalty point collection server related to scanned advertising data of an advertiser, the scanned advertising data being stored on a plurality of handheld devices;
crediting loyalty points to loyalty point programs of users of the handheld devices as a function of the scanned advertising data; and
providing information on the scanned advertising data to the advertiser.
11. The method as recited in claim 10 wherein the loyalty points of the users are redeemed at a point of sale via a credit or debit card or smart device.
12. The method as recited in claim 11 further comprising providing debit liability information of the advertiser related to the loyalty points to the advertiser.
13. The method as recited in claim 10 wherein the loyalty points are stored on the handheld devices or on smart cards of the users.
14. The method as recited in claim 10 further comprising synchronizing a loyalty point collection server to a bank credit card server to validate the loyalty points.
15. The method as recited in claim 10 further comprising accepting payment by the users at a point of sale via a server.
16. The method as recited in claim 15 wherein the server stores information on issued loyalty points and debit liabilities of the advertiser.
17. The method as recited in claim 15 further comprising synchronizing a loyalty point server with the commerce server to prevent fraudulent use of the loyalty points.
18. The method as recited in claim 10 wherein the loyalty points of the users are redeemed via existing loyalty point programs and any respective loyalty card of the users with the advertiser.
19. A system for providing point of sale transactions for use with a loyalty program comprising:
a loyalty point collection server receiving information related to scanned advertising data of an advertiser, the scanned advertising data being stored on a plurality of handheld devices; and
a commerce server for clearing a sale at a point of sale, the commerce server capable of receiving payments for goods and redeeming loyalty points of users of the handheld devices.
20. The system as recited in claim 19 wherein the handheld devices or smart cards of the users store loyalty points for redemption by the commerce server.
21. The system as recited in claim 19 wherein the loyalty point collection server validates the loyalty points of the users redeemed as the commerce server.