Author: claimsbot

1. A self-position identifying method for identifying a self-position by incorporating three-dimensional shapes from the outside, comprising:
a data inputting step for inputting, into a computer, coordinate values on a three-dimensional shape at a new measuring position; and
a model structuring step for structuring an environment model that partitions a spatial region, in which the three-dimensional shape exists, into a plurality of voxels formed from rectangular solids, of which the boundary surfaces are mutually perpendicular, and stores the positions of the individual voxels;
a matching step for setting and recording a representative point and an error distribution thereof, within the voxel corresponding to the coordinate value,
wherein: when the three-dimensional shape data for a previous measuring position does not exist, a new measuring position is identified as a self-position; and
when the three dimensional shape data for a previous measuring position exists: a fine matching step for position matching is performed so as to minimize the summation of the distances between adjacent error distributions by rotating and translating a new measured data and error distribution, or rotating and translating an environment model for a new measuring position, relative to an environment model for a previous measuring position; and a self-position identifying step for identifying the self-position from a rotation quantity and a translation quantity in the fine matching step is performed; and
an outputting step for outputting the self-position to an outputting device is performed.
2. The self-position identifying method as set forth in claim 1, comprising, in the matching step:
adding a representative point and the error distribution thereof to the inside of a voxel; and
setting and storing a probability value that expresses the probability of the existence of an object within the voxel.
3. The self-position identifying method as set forth in claim 1, comprising, prior to the fine matching step:
a rough matching step for position matching by rotating and translating a new measured data and error distribution relative to an environment model for an earlier measuring position so as to minimize the summation of the distances from measured data and error distributions to adjacent voxels having representative points, or rotating and translating an environment model for a new measuring position relative to an environment model for an earlier measuring position to minimize the summation of the distances between voxels having representative points.
4. The self-position identifying method as set forth in claim 1, comprising, prior to the fine matching step:
a rough matching step for position matching by rotating and translating a new measured data and error distribution relative to an environment model for an earlier measuring position to maximize the summation of the probability values of voxels having representative points adjacent to measured data and error distributions, or rotating and translating an environment model for a new measurement position relative to an environment model for an earlier measuring position to minimize the summation of differences of the probability values of adjacent voxels.
5. The self-position identifying method as set forth in claim 1, comprising, after the data inputting step:
a search scope limiting step for limiting the scope of checking through obtaining the current measuring position through inference from a change in the measuring position of the past, or from a sensor that is capable of obtaining the current measuring position, or through the use of a reflective strength value in addition to the distance value of the measured data.
6. The self-position identifying method as set forth in claim 1, comprising, in the self-position identifying step: identifying a position in six-degree-of-freedom of a new measuring position from the position and orientation of a previous measuring position.
7. The self-position identifying method as set forth in claim 1, comprising, in the fine matching step:
if error distributions intersect, treating the case as a single measured point; and
calculating the distance between error distributions by multiplying the distance values of this case by a weight calculated from the degrees of coincidence of the distributions.
8. The self-position identifying method as set forth in claim 1, comprising, in the model structuring step:
setting the largest voxel to a size corresponding to the minimum required resolution; and
when a plurality of measured points exists within a single voxel, further partitioning hierarchically the voxel into a plurality of voxels so that only a single measured point exists within a single voxel.
9. The self-position identifying method as set forth in claim 1, comprising, after the self-position identifying step:
a model updating step for updating the environment model, wherein the model updating step comprises: retrieving a voxel corresponding to the coordinate value of a newly inputted measured point; and
assuming no object exists between the origin and the measured point to reset or eliminate representative points and error distributions within the voxels positioned there between.
10. The self-position identifying method as set forth in claim 1, comprising, after the self-position identifying step, a model updating step for updating the environment model, wherein the model updating step comprises:
retrieving a voxel corresponding to the coordinate value of a newly inputted measured point; and
when there is no representative point within the voxel, setting the coordinate value and the error distribution as the representative point coordinate value and error distribution.
11. The self-position identifying method as set forth in claim 1, comprising, after the self-position identifying step, a model updating step for updating the environment model, wherein the model updating step comprises:
retrieving a voxel corresponding to the coordinate value of a newly inputted measured point;
when there is a representative point that has already been set within the voxel, comparing a newly obtained error distribution and the error distribution already set within the voxel;
if the error distributions are mutually overlapping, resetting a new error distribution and a new representative point from both error distributions; and
if the error distributions are not mutually overlapping, then further partitioning hierarchically the voxel into a plurality of voxels so that only a single representative point exists within a single voxel.
12. The self-position identifying method as set forth in claim 1, comprising, in the self-position identifying step:
identifying an error distribution for the self-position along with identifying the self-position;
prior to the outputting step, correcting the self-position and error distribution, through Kalman filtering from the current self-position and error distribution and the self-position and error distribution that have been identified; and
outputting the self-position and error distribution in an outputting step.
13. The self-position identifying method as set forth in claim 1, comprising, in the model updating step:
comparing the newly obtained error distribution and the error distribution that has already been set within the voxel;
if the error distributions are mutually overlapping, when, as the result of resetting a new error distribution and a new representative point from both of the error distributions, the new representative point has moved into another voxel:
if there is no representative point in the another voxel, then setting the new error distribution and new representative point into the another voxel; and
if there is a representative point that has already been set in the another voxel, then comparing the new error distribution and the error distribution that has already been set into the another voxel; (A) if the error distributions are mutually overlapping, resetting a new error distribution and a new representative point from both error distributions, or from both error distributions and the representative point that has already been set within the voxel and a newly entered measured point coordinate value; or (B) if the error distributions are not mutually overlapping, further partitioning hierarchically the voxel into a plurality of voxels so that only a single representative point exists within a single voxel.
14. The self-position identifying method as set forth in claim 1, comprising, after the self-position identifying step, a model updating step for updating the environment model; wherein the model updating step comprises:
obtaining and resetting a new representative point and error distribution through a Kalman filter from the newly inputted measured point coordinate value and the error distribution thereof, and from the representative point and the error distribution thereof that have already been set in the voxel.
15. The self-position identifying method as set forth in claim 1, comprising, in the fine matching step:
position matching by rotating and translating a new measured data and error distribution, or rotating and translating an environment model for a new measurement position, relative to the environment model for the previous measuring position in order to maximize the evaluation value for the degree of coincidence established through maximum likelihood estimates based on the distance between adjacent error distributions, instead of position matching so as to minimize an evaluation value for the distance between adjacent error distributions.
16. The three-dimensional shape data matching method as set forth in claim 15, wherein the equation for calculating the evaluation value for the degree of coincidence is expressed in the following equation (16):
(

Equation
\ue89e
\ue89e
16

)
EM
=
\u220f

j
=
1

N

\ue89e
\ue89e

{
\u03c9
\ue8a0

(
j
)
\ue89e

EM
\ue8a0

(

i
,
j

)
}
where, in this equation, a correlation is established between the measured points j and the representative points i in the environment model, the probability of obtaining measured data that is the measured point j is represented by EM (i, j), \u03c9(j) is 1 if there is a representative point that corresponds to the measured point j within the environment model, and 0 otherwise.
17. A self-position identifying method for identifying a self-position by incorporating three-dimensional shapes from the outside, comprising:
a data inputting step for inputting, into a computer, coordinate values on a three-dimensional shape at a new measuring position;
a model structuring step for structuring an environment model that partitions a spatial region in which the three-dimensional shape exists, into a plurality of voxels formed from rectangular solids, of which the boundary surfaces are mutually perpendicular, and stores the positions of the individual voxels; and
a matching step for setting and recording a representative point and an error distribution thereof, within the voxel corresponding to the coordinate value; wherein:
when the three-dimensional shape data for a previous measuring position does not exist, a new measuring position is identified with a self-position; and
when the three-dimensional shape data for a previous measuring position exists: a fine matching step for position matching is performed so as to minimize an evaluation value regarding the distances between adjacent error distributions by rotating and translating a new measured data and error distribution, or rotating and translating an environment model for a new measuring position, relative to an environment model for a previous measuring position; and

a self-position identifying step for identifying the self-position from a rotation quantity and a translation quantity in the fine matching step is performed.
18. The self-position identifying method as set forth in claim 17, further comprising an outputting step for outputting the self-position to an outputting device.
19. The self-position identifying method as set forth in claim 17, comprising, in the matching step:
adding a representative point and the error distribution thereof to the inside of a voxel; and
setting and storing a probability value that expresses the probability of the existence of an object within the voxel.
20. The self-position identifying method as set forth in claim 17, comprising, prior to the fine matching step:
a rough matching step for position matching by rotating and translating a new measured data and error distribution relative to an environment model for an earlier measuring position, so as to minimize an evaluation value for the distances from measured data and error distributions to adjacent voxels having representative points, or rotating and translating an environment model for a new measuring position relative to an environment model for an earlier measuring position to minimize an evaluation value for the distances between voxels having representative points.
21. The self-position identifying method as set forth in claim 17, comprising, prior to the fine matching step:
a rough matching step for position matching by rotating and translating a new measured data and error distribution relative to an environment model for an earlier measuring position to maximize an evaluation value for the probability values of voxels having representative points adjacent to measured data and error distributions, or rotating and translating an environment model for a new measuring position relative to an environment model for an earlier measuring position to minimize an evaluation value for the differences of the probability values of adjacent voxels.
22. A three-dimensional shape measuring method for reproducing a three-dimensional shape from coordinate values of measured points on an external three-dimensional shape and for outputting three-dimensional shape data, comprising:
a data inputting step for inputting, into a computer, coordinate values on a three-dimensional shape at a new measuring position;
a model structuring step for structuring an environment model that partitions a spatial region in which the three-dimensional shape exists, into a plurality of voxels formed from rectangular solids, of which the boundary surfaces are mutually perpendicular, and stores the positions of the individual voxels;
a matching step for setting and recording a representative point and an error distribution thereof, within the voxel corresponding to the coordinate value; wherein:
when the three-dimensional shape data for a previous measuring position does not exist, a new measuring position is identified with a self-position; and
when the three dimensional shape data for a previous measuring position exists: a fine matching step for position matching is performed so as to minimize an evaluation value regarding the distances between adjacent error distributions by rotating and translating a new measured data and error distribution, or rotating and translating an environment model for a new measuring position, relative to an environment model for a previous measuring position;

a self-position identifying step for identifying the self-position from a rotation quantity and a translation quantity in the fine matching step is performed; and
an outputting step for outputting, to an outputting device, at least one of the self-position, the voxel position, the representative point and the error distribution based on the self-position is performed.
23. The three-dimensional shape measuring method as set forth in claim 22, wherein the outputting step comprises:
outputting at least one of the position of the voxel, the position of a representative point and the position of an error distribution to the outputting device as the three-dimensional shape measurement value; and
outputting an index indicating the reliability or accuracy of the measurement value to the outputting device based on the magnitude of the error distribution within the voxel.
24. The three-dimensional shape measuring method as set forth in claim 22, wherein:
in the outputting step, when at least one of the position of the voxel, the position of the representative point, and the position of the error distribution is outputted to the outputting device as the three-dimensional shape measurement value, if the magnitude of the error distribution within the voxel is larger than a specific reference value, then the reliability or accuracy of the measurement value is regarded to be less than a specific reference, and the measurement value for the voxel is not outputted to the outputting device.
25. The three-dimensional shape measuring method as set forth in claim 22, comprising, after the matching step, a model updating step for updating the environment model, wherein the model updating step comprises:
retrieving a voxel corresponding to the coordinate value of a newly inputted measured point; and
when there is no representative point within the voxel, setting the coordinate value and the error distribution as the representative point coordinate value and error distribution.
26. The three-dimensional shape measuring method as set forth in claim 22, comprising, after the matching step, a model updating step for updating the environment model, wherein the model updating step comprises:
retrieving a voxel corresponding to the coordinate value of a newly inputted measured point;
when there is a representative point that has already been set within the voxel, comparing a newly obtained error distribution and the error distribution already set within the voxel;
if the error distributions are mutually overlapping, resetting a new error distribution and a new representative point from both of the error distributions, or from both of the error distributions and the representative point already set within the voxel and the coordinate values of the measured point newly inputted; and
if the error distributions are not mutually overlapping, then further partitioning hierarchically the voxel into a plurality of voxels so that only a single representative point exists within a single voxel.
27. The three-dimensional shape measuring method as set forth in claim 22, comprising, after the matching step, a model updating step for updating the environment model, wherein the model updating step comprises:
retrieving a voxel corresponding to the coordinate value of the newly inputted measured point; and
if at least one of the representative point and the error distribution within that voxel is newly set, or reset, or that voxel is further partitioned hierarchically into a plurality of voxels, then, in the outputting step, outputting the position of the representative point of that voxel to the outputting device as a three-dimensional shape measurement value.
28. The three-dimensional shape measuring method as set forth in claim 22, comprising, in the outputting step:
outputting the position of a representative point of a voxel in the environment model in a scope for which the position can be measured from the position of the range sensor to the outputting device as a three-dimensional shape measurement value.
29. A self-position identifying device for identifying a self-position by incorporating three-dimensional shapes from the outside, comprising:
a data inputting device for inputting, into a computer, coordinate values on a three-dimensional shape;
a model structuring device for structuring an environment model that partitions a spatial region in which the three-dimensional shape exists, into a plurality of voxels formed from rectangular solids, of which the boundary surfaces are mutually perpendicular, and stores the positions of the individual voxels;
a matching device for setting and recording a representative point and an error distribution thereof, within a voxel corresponding to a coordinate value; and
an outputting device for outputting the self-position to an outputting device; wherein:
at a new measuring position, when the three-dimensional shape data for a previous measuring position does not exist, identifying a new measuring position as a self-position; and
at the new measuring position, when the three dimensional shape data for a previous measuring position exists, rotating and translating an environment model for a new measuring position relative to an environment model for a previous measuring position to perform position matching so as to minimize the summation of distances between adjacent error distributions; and identifying the self-position from the rotation quantity and translation quantity in the position matching.
30. A self-position identifying device for identifying a self-position by incorporating three-dimensional shapes from the outside, comprising:
a data inputting device for inputting, into a computer, coordinate values on a three-dimensional shape;
a model structuring device for structuring an environment model that partitions a spatial region in which the three-dimensional shape exists, into a plurality of voxels formed from rectangular solids, of which the boundary surfaces are mutually perpendicular, and stores the positions of the individual voxels;
a matching device for setting and recording a representative point and an error distribution thereof, within a voxel corresponding to a coordinate value; and
an outputting device for outputting the self-position to an outputting device; wherein:
at a new measuring position, when the three-dimensional shape data for a previous measuring position does not exist, identifying a new measuring position as a self-position; and
at the new measuring position, when the three dimensional shape data for a previous measuring position exists, rotating and translating an environment model for a new measuring position relative to an environment model for a previous measuring position to perform position matching so as to minimize an evaluation value regarding the distance between adjacent error distributions; and identifying the self-position from the rotation quantity and translation quantity in the position matching.
31. A three-dimensional shape measuring device for reproducing a three-dimensional shape from coordinate values of measured points on a three-dimensional shape and for outputting three-dimensional shape data, comprising:
a data inputting device for inputting, into a computer, coordinate values on a three-dimensional shape;
a model structuring device for structuring an environment model that partitions a spatial region in which the three-dimensional shape exists, into a plurality of voxels formed from rectangular solids, of which the boundary surfaces are mutually perpendicular, and stores the positions of the individual voxels;
a matching device for setting and recording a representative point and an error distribution thereof, within a voxel corresponding to a coordinate value; wherein
at a new measuring position, when the three-dimensional shape data for a previous measuring position does not exist, identifying a new measuring position as a self-position; and
at the new measuring position, when the three dimensional shape data for a previous measuring position exists: rotating and translating an environment model for a new measuring position relative to an environment model for a previous measuring position to perform position matching so as to minimize an evaluation value regarding the distance between adjacent error distributions; and identifying the self-position from the rotation quantity and translation quantity in the position matching; and

a data transferring device for outputting, to an outputting device, at least one of the self-position, the voxel position, the representative point, and the error distribution based on the self-position.

The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.

1. A multiple-pane insulating glazing unit comprising two glass panes and a between-pane space, the two glass panes respectively defining two opposed external pane surfaces, a desired one of the two external pane surfaces having a flash-treated transparent conductive oxide coating such that a desired one of the two glass panes is a coated glass pane, said coated glass pane being annealed glass having a surface stress of less than 3,500 psi, the coating comprising a flash-treated indium tin oxide film and an overcoat film on the flash-treated indium tin oxide film, the flash-treated indium tin oxide film having a thickness of less than 1,800 \u212b, the flash-treated indium tin oxide film being a sputtered film having a surface roughness of less than 3 nm, the flash-treated indium tin oxide film having a sheet resistance of less than 15 \u03a9square in combination with said coated pane having a monolithic visible transmittance of greater than 0.82, the flash-treated indium tin oxide film having an optical bandgap of 370 nm or shorter and being characterized by a pre-flash optical bandgap of 400 nm or longer, the multiple-pane insulating glazing unit including an internal pane surface bearing a low-emissivity coating that has only one film comprising silver, the film comprising silver containing at least 50% silver by weight, the low-emissivity coating being exposed to the between-pane space, the multiple-pane insulating glazing unit having a U value of less than 0.25 together with an IGU visible transmission of greater than 75%.
2. The multiple-pane insulating glazing unit of claim 1 wherein the multiple-pane insulating glazing unit exhibits an exterior reflected color characterized by an \u201cah\u201d color coordinate of between \u22126 and 0 and a \u201cbh\u201d color coordinate of between \u22128 and \u22121.
3. The multiple-pane insulating glazing unit of claim 1 wherein the flash-treated indium tin oxide film has a morphology characterized by UHP flash-treatment at 15-45 kWcm2.
4. The multiple-pane insulating glazing unit of claim 1 wherein the flash-treated indium tin oxide film is characterized by a carrier concentration factor of at least 5.
5. The multiple-pane insulating glazing unit of claim 1 wherein the flash-treated indium tin oxide film is characterized by a \u0394A of seven percent or more.
6. A multiple-pane insulating glazing unit comprising two glass panes and a between-pane space, the two glass panes respectively defining two opposed external pane surfaces, a desired one of the two external pane surfaces having a flash-treated transparent conductive oxide coating such that a desired one of the two glass panes is a coated glass pane, said coated glass pane being annealed glass having a surface stress of less than 3,500 psi, the coating comprising a flash-treated indium tin oxide film and an overcoat film on the flash-treated indium tin oxide film, the flash-treated indium tin oxide film having a thickness of less than 1,800 \u212b, the flash-treated indium tin oxide film being a sputtered film having a surface roughness of less than 3 nm, the flash-treated indium tin oxide film having a sheet resistance of less than 15 \u03a9square in combination with said desired pane having a monolithic visible transmittance of greater than 0.82, the flash-treated indium tin oxide film having an optical bandgap of 370 nm or shorter and being characterized by a pre-flash optical bandgap of 400 nm or longer, wherein the multiple-pane insulating glazing unit includes an internal pane surface bearing a low-emissivity coating that has only two films comprising silver, each of the two films comprising silver containing at least 50% silver by weight, the low-emissivity coating being exposed to the between-pane space, the multiple-pane insulating glazing unit having a U value of less than 0.25 together with an IGU visible transmission of greater than 65%.
7. The multiple-pane insulating glazing unit of claim 6 wherein the multiple-pane insulating glazing unit exhibits an exterior reflected color characterized by an \u201cah\u201d color coordinate of between \u22126 and 0 and a \u201cbh\u201d color coordinate of between \u22128 and \u22121.
8. The multiple-pane insulating glazing unit of claim 6 wherein the flash-treated indium tin oxide film has a morphology characterized by UHP flash-treatment at 15-45 kWcm2.
9. The multiple-pane insulating glazing unit of claim 6 wherein the flash-treated indium tin oxide film is characterized by a carrier concentration factor of at least 5.
10. The multiple-pane insulating glazing unit of claim 6 wherein the flash-treated indium tin oxide film is characterized by a \u0394A of seven percent or more.
11. A multiple-pane insulating glazing unit comprising two glass panes and a between-pane space, the two glass panes respectively defining two opposed external pane surfaces, a desired one of the two external pane surfaces having a flash-treated transparent conductive oxide coating such that a desired one of the two glass panes is a coated glass pane, said coated glass pane being annealed glass having a surface stress of less than 3,500 psi, the coating comprising a flash-treated indium tin oxide film and an overcoat film on the flash-treated indium tin oxide film, the flash-treated indium tin oxide film having a thickness of less than 1,800 \u212b, the flash-treated indium tin oxide film being a sputtered film having a surface roughness of less than 3 nm, the flash-treated indium tin oxide film having a sheet resistance of less than 15 \u03a9square in combination with said coated pane having a monolithic visible transmittance of greater than 0.82, the flash-treated indium tin oxide film having an optical bandgap of 370 nm or shorter and being characterized by a pre-flash optical bandgap of 400 nm or longer, wherein the multiple-pane insulating glazing unit includes an internal pane surface bearing a low-emissivity coating that includes three films comprising silver, each of the films comprising silver containing at least 50% silver by weight, the low-emissivity coating being exposed to the between-pane space, the multiple-pane insulating glazing unit having a U value of less than 0.25 together with an IGU visible transmission of greater than 60%.
12. The multiple-pane insulating glazing unit of claim 11 wherein the multiple-pane insulating glazing unit exhibits an exterior reflected color characterized by an \u201cah\u201d color coordinate of between \u22126 and 1 and a \u201cbh\u201d color coordinate of between \u22127 and \u22121.
13. The multiple-pane insulating glazing unit of claim 11 wherein the flash-treated indium tin oxide film has a morphology characterized by UHP flash-treatment at 15-45 kWcm2.
14. The multiple-pane insulating glazing unit of claim 11 wherein the flash-treated indium tin oxide film is characterized by a carrier concentration factor of at least 5.
15. The multiple-pane insulating glazing unit of claim 13 wherein the flash-treated indium tin oxide film is characterized by a \u0394A of seven percent or more.

What is claimed is:

1. A method of controlling an absorption refrigerator, comprising the steps of:
controlling a heating amount Q1 of an absorption liquid by a heat source A by means of a control using a first set temperature value T1 of cold water supplied from an evaporator as a reference value, the heat source A being to be preferentially used;
controlling a residual heating amount Q2 of the absorption liquid by a heat source B by means of a control using a second set temperature value T2 higher than the first set temperature value T1 as a reference value;
releasing heat of the refrigerant vapor for condensation in a condenser, the refrigerant vapor being evaporated and separated from the absorption liquid by heating the absorption liquid;
evaporating the condensed liquid refrigerant in the evaporator; and
supplying cold water cooled in the evaporation of the refrigerant in the evaporator to a load to perform a cooling operation such as air conditioning; wherein
when the heating amount Q2 of the absorption liquid is continuously a minimum value for a predetermined time, the heating amount Q2 of the absorption liquid is forcibly controlled to be zero and the heating amount Q1 of the absorption liquid is controlled by means of the control using the first set temperature value T1 as a reference value, and wherein
when the heating amount Q1 of the absorption liquid is continuously a maximum value for a predetermined time, the heating amount Q1 of the absorption liquid is forcibly controlled to be the maximum value and the heating amount Q2 of the absorption liquid is controlled by means of the control using the second set temperature value T2 as the reference value.
2. The method of controlling an absorption refrigerator according to claim 1, wherein in a state that the heating amount Q1 of the absorption liquid is forcibly controlled to be the maximum value, when a temperature T of the cold water supplied from the evaporator becomes lower than the second set temperature value T2, the control of the heating amount Q1 of the absorption liquid using the first set temperature value T1 as the reference value is started again.
3. The method of controlling an absorption refrigerator according to claim 1, wherein in a state that the heating amount Q2 of the absorption liquid is forcibly controlled to be zero, when a temperature T of the cold water supplied from the evaporator exceeds a third set temperature value T3 higher than the second set temperature value T2, the control of the heating amount Q2 of the absorption liquid using the second set temperature value T2 as the reference value is started again.

The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.

1. A composite RF tag for transmitting and receiving information using an electromagnetic induction method, comprising a magnetic antenna on which an IC is mounted, and an insulating material and a metal material or a conductive material which are formed around the magnetic antenna,
the magnetic antenna comprising a central core formed of a magnetic material, and an electrode material formed into a coil around the central core;
the insulating material being formed around the magnetic antenna except for one longitudinal end of the coil of the magnetic antenna; and
the metal material or the conductive material being formed on an outside of the insulating material,
wherein the RF tag is configured for transmitting and receiving the information at 13.56 MHz, and wherein the metal material or the conductive material is formed into a circular shape in section and has an inner diameter not less than 1.0 time a maximum length of a section of the magnetic antenna.
2. A composite RF tag according to claim 1, wherein a length of the metal material or the conductive material in a depth direction thereof is not less than 1.0 time a longitudinal length of the magnetic antenna.
3. A composite RF tag according to claim 1, wherein the central core has a magnetic permeability of 70 to 120.