Author: claimsbot

1. A data transmission system, comprising a transmitter and a receiver, wherein the transmitter is arranged to send data bursts with a duty cycle of less than 5% at transmission timing points, the transmitter comprising a pseudo-random signal generator which governs the time delay between successive timing points and a local oscillator which controls the time of data transmission, and wherein the receiver comprises a corresponding pseudo-random signal generator and local oscillator, and wherein power is applied to the receiver substantially only corresponding in time to the timing of the data bursts.
2. A system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the transmitter is arranged to send data bursts with a duty cycle of less than 1%.
3. A system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the transmitter and receiver each include a power source comprising a non-rechargeable battery.
4. A system as claimed in claim 1, wherein each pseudo-random signal generator comprises a maximal length feedback shift register.
5. A system as claimed in claim 1, wherein each data burst comprises a header section and a data section, and wherein the header section for a sub-set of the data bursts comprises a sequence which is unique to the header, thereby to enable receiver to obtain bit timing information.
6. A system as claimed in claim 1, wherein each data burst comprises a header section and a data section, and wherein the header section for a sub-set of the data bursts comprises data defining the time period to the next message.
7. A system as claimed in claim 5, wherein the header comprises address data which identifies the transmitter to the receiver.
8. A system as claimed in claim 7, wherein the address data is used in combination with the pseudo-random signal generator to generate a modified pseudo random sequence.
9. A system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the transmitter is for attachment to a shoe, and comprises an accelerometer and a processing unit, the processing unit integrating the detected acceleration over time to obtain instantaneous speed values which are transmitted in the data bursts.
10. A system as claimed in claim 9, wherein the receiver is for wearing on the wrist of the user of the system.
11. A system as claimed in claim 1, wherein each local oscillator comprises a 32768 Hz quartz oscillator.
12. A system as claimed in claim 6, wherein the header comprises address data which identifies the transmitter to the receiver.
13. A system as claimed in claim 12, wherein the address data is used in combination with the pseudo-random signal generator to generate a modified pseudo random sequence.

The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.

1. A method for determining functional significance of an arterial stenosis or lesion in a patient comprising:
determining an area of interest an arterial network of the patient;
obtaining a CT scan of the patient during an angiogram procedure, resulting in data on the area of interest;
using the data obtained from the CT scan to calculate an arterial input function (AIF) for the area of interest;
using the data obtained from the CT scan to determine contrast distribution and transluminal attenuation gradient (TAG) for the area of interest;
calculating transluminal attenuation flow encoding (TAFE) using contrast distribution, TAG, and AIF; and,
modeling flow velocity using TAFE.
2. The method of claim 1 further comprising augmenting the calculation of TAFE with data related to characteristics of the scanner used to obtain the CT scan.
3. The method of claim 1 further comprising programming a non-transitory computer readable medium to execute the method.
4. The method of claim 1 further comprising bringing the patient to a rest condition before obtaining the CT scan of the patient during the angiogram.
5. The method of claim 4 further comprising calculating the coronary flow velocity for the area of interest for the patient at the rest condition.
6. The method of claim 1 further comprising bringing the patient to a stressed condition before obtaining the CT scan of the patient during the angiogram.
7. The method of claim 6 further comprising calculating the coronary flow velocity for the area of interest for the patient at the stress condition.
8. The method of claim 1 further comprising obtaining a CT scan of the patient during an angiogram with the patient at rest and obtaining a CT scan of the patient during an angiogram with the patient under stress.
9. The method of claim 6 further comprising calculating flow rate for the patient at rest and under stress.
10. The method of claim 7 further comprising calculating coronary flow reserve for the area of interest as a ratio of Qstress to Qrest.
11. A method for determining functional significance of an arterial stenosis or lesion in a patient comprising:
determining an area of interest an arterial network of the patient;
obtaining a CT scan of the patient during an angiogram procedure, resulting in data on the area of interest;
using the data obtained from the CT scan to calculate an arterial input function (AIF) for the area of interest;
using the data obtained from the CT scan to determine contrast distribution and transluminal attenuation gradient (TAG) for the area of interest;
calculating transluminal attenuation flow encoding (TAFE) using contrast distribution, TAG, and AIF;
modeling flow velocity using TAFE;
using the coronary flow velocity to determine inflow and outflow rate and boundary conditions for the area of interest;
determining 3D arterial lumen geometry;
performing CFD modeling for the area of interest using the boundary conditions, inflow and outflow rates, and the 3D arterial lumen geometry;
calculating a pressure gradient for the area of interest using the CFD model; and,
using the pressure gradient to determine a loss coefficient for the area of interest.
12. The method of claim 11 further comprising augmenting the calculation of TAFE with data related to characteristics of the scanner used to obtain the CT scan.
13. The method of claim 11 further comprising programming a non-transitory computer readable medium to execute the method.
14. A method for determining functional significance of an arterial stenosis or lesion in a patient comprising:
determining an area of interest an arterial network of the patient;
obtaining a CT scan of the patient during an angiogram procedure, resulting in data on the area of interest;
using the data obtained from the CT scan to calculate an arterial input function (AIF) for the area of interest;
using the data obtained from the CT scan to determine contrast distribution and transluminal attenuation gradient (TAG) for the area of interest;
calculating transluminal attenuation flow encoding (TAFE) using contrast distribution, TAG, and AIF;
modeling flow velocity using TAFE;
using the coronary flow velocity to determine inflow and outflow rate and boundary conditions for the area of interest;
determining 3D arterial lumen geometry;
performing CFD modeling for the area of interest using the boundary conditions, inflow and outflow rates, and the 3D arterial lumen geometry;
calculating a pressure gradient for the area of interest using the CFD model;
using the pressure gradient to determine a loss coefficient for the area of interest;
measuring brachial pressure;
calculating an absolute arterial pressure; and,
calculating fractional flow reserve at rest for the patient.
15. The method of claim 14 further comprising augmenting the calculation of TAFE with data related to characteristics of the scanner used to obtain the CT scan.
16. The method of claim 14 further comprising programming a non-transitory computer readable medium to execute the method.
17. A system for determining functional significance of an arterial stenosis or lesion in a patient comprising:
a CT scanner configurable to obtain patient specific data related to an area of interest of an arterial network of the patient;
a non-transitory computer readable medium programmed for:
determining an area of interest an arterial network of the patient;
obtaining the patient specific data on the area of interest;
using the patient specific data obtained from the CT scan to calculate an arterial input function (AIF) for the area of interest;
using the patient specific data obtained from the CT scan to determine contrast distribution and transluminal attenuation gradient (TAG) for the area of interest;
calculating transluminal attenuation flow encoding (TAFE) using contrast distribution, TAG, and AIF; and,
modeling flow velocity using TAFE.
18. The system of claim 17 further comprising obtaining patient specific data during an angiogram with the patient at rest and obtaining patient specific data during an angiogram with the patient under stress.
19. The system of claim 18 further comprising calculating flow rate for the patient at rest and under stress.
20. The system of claim 17 further comprising calculating coronary flow reserve for the area of interest as a ratio of Qstress to Qrest.
21. The system of claim 17 further comprising:
using the coronary flow velocity to determine inflow and outflow rate and boundary conditions for the area of interest;
determining 3D arterial lumen geometry;
performing CFD modeling for the area of interest using the boundary conditions, inflow and outflow rates, and the 3D arterial lumen geometry;
calculating a pressure gradient for the area of interest using the CFD model; and,
using the pressure gradient to determine a loss coefficient for the area of interest.
22. The system of claim 21 further comprising:
measuring brachial pressure;
calculating an absolute arterial pressure; and,
calculating fractional flow reserve at rest for the patient.

1. A battery pack comprising:
a first battery, with an aperture of a battery casing being closed by a sealing plate, and a secondary battery, the first battery and the second battery being placed in a linear relationship with each other; and
a connector made of a metallic plate, the connector being disposed between the first battery and the second battery so as to couple the battery pack via the connector, with the connector being welded to the sealing plate of the first battery and to a battery casing of the second battery, so that the adjoining first battery and second battery are linearly disposed to be connected in series;
wherein the connector, being made of the metallic plate, is in a form of a tube with a bottom, being composed of a bottom portion and a side wall;
wherein, in regard to the bottom portion of the connector, an outer periphery is welded to a bottom wall of the battery casing of the second battery, while an inner periphery at an interior side of the outer periphery is welded to the sealing plate of the first battery;
wherein the side wall of the connector, being protruded toward the first battery, has an inner diameter larger than an outer diameter at an end portion of the first battery, so that the first battery is inserted inside the side wall in a non-contact state; and
wherein the end portion of the first battery is inserted inside the side wall of the connector in a non-contact state, with the bottom portion being welded to the first battery and the second battery, so that the first battery is coupled to the second battery by means of the connector.
2. The battery pack as recited in claim 1, wherein the battery has the sealing plate fixed to the aperture of the battery casing by mechanically caulking a periphery of the aperture, and also provided with a mechanically caulked ridge at the circumference of the sealing plate, and wherein the connector is provided with a recess at the bottom portion as the inner periphery, so that such recessed inner periphery is welded to the sealing plate of the first battery and that the outer periphery is welded to the bottom wall of the battery casing of the second battery.
3. The battery pack as recited in claim 1, wherein the bottom portion of the connector, being larger than the outer diameter of the battery casing of the first battery, has the side wall coupled to the outer periphery of the bottom portion.
4. The battery pack as recited in claim 1, wherein an insulation ring is disposed between the outer periphery and side wall of the connector and the first battery, so that the insulation ring may insulate the connector from the battery casing of the first battery.
5. The battery pack as recited in claim 4, wherein the first battery has a mechanically caulked ridge at the circumference of the sealing plate, with the insulation ring being disposed between the mechanically caulked ridge and the bottom portion of the connector.
6. The battery pack as recited in claim 5, wherein the insulation ring is coupled to an insulation plate, for insulating the bottom portion of the connector from the mechanically caulked ridge, and to the outer side of the insulation plate, and is integrally structured with an insulation tube for covering the outer side of the battery casing.
7. The battery pack as recited in claim 6, wherein the insulation plate, along the inner periphery, is integrally structured with a ring ridge for covering the inner face of the mechanically caulked ridge.
8. The battery pack as recited in claim 7, wherein the ring ridge is so configured as to be fitted inside the mechanically caulked ridge.
9. The battery pack as recited in claim 8, wherein the ring ridge is placed between the inner periphery of the connector and the mechanically caulked ridge, so that the bottom portion is insulated from the mechanically caulked ridge.
10. The battery pack as recited in claim 4, wherein that the insulation ring is provided, at the outer periphery thereof, with a fitting-in groove for allowing a lip of the side wall to be fitted in.
11. The battery pack as recited in claim 1, wherein the bottom portion of the connector, being larger than the outer diameter of the battery casing of the first battery, has the side wall coupled to the outer periphery of the connector.
12. The battery pack as recited in claim 1, wherein the first battery has the mechanically caulked ridge at the circumference of the sealing plate, and the outer diameter of the inner periphery of the connector is smaller than the inner diameter of the mechanically caulked ridge of the first battery.
13. The battery pack as recited in claim 12, wherein the connector has a step between the outer periphery and the inner periphery, and the step is larger than the amount of protrusion of the mechanically caulked ridge.
14. The battery pack as recited in claim 1, wherein the connector is provided, at the inner periphery of the bottom portion, with a welding projection protruding toward the sealing plate of the first battery, and the outer periphery is provided with a welding projection protruding toward the bottom wall of the second battery.
15. The battery pack as recited in claim 14, wherein, in regard to the connector, the welding projections on the inner periphery and the welding projections on the outer periphery are disposed in the same radial direction.
16. The battery pack as recited in claim 1, wherein, in regard to the bottom portion of the connector, the inner periphery and the outer periphery are divided by a cutout into a plurality of regions.
17. A method for manufacturing a battery pack comprising: a first battery, with an aperture of a battery case being closed with a sealing plate; a second battery placed in a linear relationship with the first battery; and a connector made of a metallic plate and disposed between the first battery and the second battery, wherein the connector is welded to the sealing plate of the first battery and to the battery casing of the second battery and wherein the adjoining first battery and second battery are linearly placed to be connected in series, the method comprising:
working the metallic plate in a form of a tube with a bottom, being composed of a bottom portion and a side wall;
providing the bottom portion with an inner periphery welded to the sealing plate of the first battery and also with an outer periphery welded to the bottom wall of the battery casing of the second battery;
forming the side wall in a shape which allows an end portion of the first battery to be inserted inside the side wall of the connector in a non-contact state, to thus make up the connector;
inserting the end portion of the first battery inside the side wall of the connector In a non-contact state;
welding the inner periphery provided at the bottom portion of the connector fixedly to the sealing plate of the first battery;
stacking the second battery on the connector so that the connector is interposed between the first battery and the second battery; and
welding the outer periphery provided at the bottom portion of the connector to the bottom wall of the battery casing of the second battery, while a welding electrode is pressed against the wall of the battery casing of the second battery and against the side wall of the connector.

The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.

1. A method for determining, in particular for calculating, an imbalance characteristic of a hairspring-balance oscillator, the method comprising:
putting the hairspring-balance oscillator into oscillating motion at two amplitudes at least;
determining for each amplitude and for at least two positions of the oscillator, data which is representative of the period of oscillation of the oscillator;
using the data from the preceding step in order to calculate the imbalance characteristic of the hairspring-balance oscillator.
2. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the step of determination of data which is representative of the period of oscillation of the oscillator comprises measurements.
3. The method as claimed in claim 2, which firstly comprises:
dismantling an escapement unit of the movement, or fitting the oscillator on a support which allows the oscillator to oscillate freely.
4. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the step of using the data comprises calculating the imbalance characteristic from a formula which involves data determined during the step of determination.
5. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the step of determining comprises performing measurements on a range of amplitudes, the extreme amplitude levels of which are spaced by at least 30\xb0, at two amplitude values at least which are situated on both sides of 220\xb0, the amplitudes being included in the interval200\xb0; 280\xb0.
6. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the at least two positions of the oscillator are positions in which the axis of oscillation of the oscillator is horizontal or substantially horizontal.
7. The method as claimed in claim 6, wherein the at least two positions of the oscillator are positions in which the orientation of the oscillator differs by 90\xb0 or more.
8. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the at least two positions of the oscillator comprise four positions of the movement in which the axis of oscillation of the oscillator is horizontal or substantially horizontal, and wherein the orientations of the movement are spaced by 90\xb0 from one another.
9. The method as claimed in claim 8, wherein use is made of one or more of the three following formulae in order to calculate the imbalance characteristic:
\ue89e
bx
=
I
\xb7
(

2
\ue89e
\u03c0
\ue89e
\ue89e
f

)

2
2
\xb7
86400
\xb7
g
\xb7
\u2211
\u03b8

\ue89e
J
1

\ue8a0

(
\u03b8
)
\u03b8

\xb7

(
3
\ue89e

H
\ue8a0

(
\u03b8
)
–

9
\ue89e

H
\ue8a0

(
\u03b8
)
)
\u2211
\u03b8

\ue89e
(
J
1

\ue8a0

(
\u03b8
)
\u03b8

)

2
\ue89e
\ue89e
\ue89e

by
=
I
\xb7
(

2
\ue89e
\u03c0
\ue89e
\ue89e
f

)

2
2
\xb7
86400
\xb7
g
\xb7
\u2211
\u03b8

\ue89e
J
1

\ue89e
\ue89e

(
\u03b8
)
\u03b8

\xb7

(
6
\ue89e

H
\ue8a0

(
\u03b8
)
–

12
\ue89e

H
\ue8a0

(
\u03b8
)
)
\u2211
\u03b8

\ue89e
(
J
1

\ue8a0

(
\u03b8
)
\u03b8

)

2
\ue89e
b
=
bx
2

+

by
2
=
I
\xb7
(

2
\ue89e
\u03c0
\ue89e
\ue89e
f

)

2

\xb7
(
\u2211
\u03b8

\ue89e
J
1

\ue8a0

(
\u03b8
)
\u03b8

\xb7

(
3
\ue89e

H
\ue8a0

(
\u03b8
)
–

9
\ue89e

H
\ue8a0

(
\u03b8
)
)
)

2

+
(
\u2211
\u03b8

\ue89e
J
1

\ue8a0

(
\u03b8
)
\u03b8

\xb7

(
6
\ue89e

H
\ue8a0

(
\u03b8
)
–

12
\ue89e

H
\ue8a0

(
\u03b8
)
)
)

2
2
\xb7
86400
\xb7
g
\xb7
\u2211
\u03b8

\ue89e
(
J
1

\ue8a0

(
\u03b8
)
\u03b8

)

2
where:
b: the norm of the vector imbalance;
bx: the component of the vector imbalance according to the x axis;
by: the component of the vector imbalance according to the y axis;
I: the inertia of the balance;
J1: the Bessel function of the order 1;
\u03b8: the amplitude of the oscillation motion in rad;
3H(\u03b8), 6H(\u03b8), 9H(\u03b8) and 12H(\u03b8): rate values in the four vertical horology positions of the movement;
the x and y axes correspond to the directions 9H and 12H.
10. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the imbalance characteristic comprises:
an imbalance mass and an imbalance position on the balance; or
an imbalance vector which is expressed by its norm and its direction.
11. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the step of putting the oscillation of the hairspring-balance oscillator into motion comprises the following sub-steps:
putting the oscillator into oscillation motion;
stopping to sustain the oscillations,
and wherein the step of determining data which is representative of the period of oscillation of the oscillator comprises the following sub-step:
measuring the data which is representative of the period whilst the amplitude of the oscillation motion of the oscillator decreases.
12. The method as claimed in claim 1, comprising measuring an amplitude of the oscillation motion.
13. A method for regulation of a hairspring-balance oscillator, comprising
determining for each amplitude and for at least two positions of the oscillator, data which is representative of the period of oscillation of the oscillator, and
modifying the balance in order to eliminate some or all of this imbalance from the balance.
14. A balance or hairspring-balance oscillator obtained by implementation of the method for regulation according to claim 13.
15. A movement comprising a hairspring-balance oscillator as claimed in claim 14.
16. A horology piece comprising a movement as claimed in claim 15.
17. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the hairspring-balance oscillator is designed to be fitted in a horology movement.
18. The method as claimed in claim 2, wherein the measurements are performed with free oscillation.
19. The method as claimed in claim 3, wherein the escapement unit is an anchor.
20. The method as claimed in claim 5, wherein the extreme amplitude levels of the range are spaced by at least 50\xb0, and the two amplitude values at least are included in the interval150\xb0; 280\xb0.