Author: claimsbot

1. An image reading apparatus comprising:
a light source arranged to emit light for illuminating a linear image reading region extending in a primary scanning direction;
a plurality of lenses arranged in an array for focusing light reflected on the image reading region and for producing reduced images, each of the lenses having an optical axis which intersects a predetermined portion of the image reading region;
a plurality of light receiving elements for output of image signals based on the light focused by the lenses; and
a light conductor for leading the light emitted by the light source toward the image reading region;
wherein the light conductor leads the emitted light so that said predetermined portion is illuminated more brightly than other portions of the image reading region which are adjacent to said predetermined portion.
2. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the light conductor includes a transparent member having a first surface and a second surface, the first surface facing the light source, the second surface facing the image reading region, the transparent member being arranged to lead light from the first surface to the second surface so that distribution of light at the first surface is different from distribution of light at the second surface.
3. The apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the transparent member is formed with a plurality of indents facing the image reading region, each of the indents being provided with an inclined portion slanted relative to the first surface of the transparent member.
4. The apparatus according to claim 3, wherein the transparent member is formed with a plurality of projections facing the image reading region, each of the projections having a corner at which a cutout is provided.
5. The apparatus according to claim 3, wherein the light source includes a plurality of light-emitting diodes arranged in an array, the light-emitting diodes being offset in the primary scanning direction from the optical axes of the respective lenses.
6. The apparatus according to claim 5, wherein each of the light-emitting diodes is held in facing relation to a relevant one of the inclined portions of the indents.
7. The apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising a casing for supporting the light source, the lenses, the light receiving elements and the light conductor, the light conductor protruding partially from the casing toward the image reading region.
8. The apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the first surface of the transparent member is formed with a convex portion facing the light source.
9. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the light conductor includes a first transparent member and a second transparent member.
10. The apparatus according to claim 9, wherein the first transparent member is provided with a light receiving surface facing the light source and a light emitting surface opposite to the light receiving surface, at least either one of the light receiving surface and the light emitting surface being provided with a convex portion extending in the primary scanning direction.
11. The apparatus according to claim 10, wherein the second transparent member is formed separately from the first transparent member and arranged to lead light emitted from the light emitting surface toward the image reading region.
12. The apparatus according to 10, wherein both the light receiving surface and the light emitting surface of the first transparent member are convex.
13. The apparatus according to claim 10, wherein the second transparent member is provided with a light receiving surface held in facing relation to the light emitting surface of the first transparent member.
14. The apparatus according to claim 13, wherein the light receiving surface of the second transparent member is sinuous.
15. The apparatus according to claim 13, further comprising light shielding members arranged between the light emitting surface of the first transparent member and the light receiving surface of the second transparent member.
16. The apparatus according to claim 9, wherein the light source includes a plurality of light-emitting diodes arranged in an array, the light-emitting diodes being offset in the primary scanning direction from the optical axes of the respective lenses.
17. The apparatus according to claim 9, wherein the first and the second transparent members are fixed to each other.
18. The apparatus according to claim 17, wherein the first transparent member is formed with a positioning groove, the second transparent member being formed with a leg portion fitted into the positioning groove of the first transparent member.
19. A light conductor comprising:
a first surface for receiving light;
a second surface for allowing the light to exit; and
a plurality of indents defined by the second surface, each indent being provided with an inclined portion slanted relative to the first surface.
20. A light conductor comprising:
a first transparent member provided with a first light receiving surface and a first light emitting surface opposite the first light receiving surface, at least either one of the first light receiving surface and the first light emitting surface being formed with a convex portion; and
a second transparent member formed separately from the first transparent member and provided with a second light receiving surface held in facing relation to the first light emitting surface of the first transparent member, the second transparent member being also provided with a second light emitting surface for allowing light to exit.

The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.

We claim:

1. A method for treatment of obesity in a patient, said method comprising
implanting an electrostimulation device comprising one or more electrostimulation leads and an electrical connector for attachment to a pulse generator such that the one or more electrostimulation leads are attached to, or adjacent to, the patient’s small intestines, whereby electrical stimulation can be provided to the small intestines through the one or more electrostimulation leads; and
supplying electrical stimulation to the small intestines through the one or more electrostimulation leads.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the one or more electrostimulation leads are attached to, or adjacent to, the small intestines at positions along duodenum or jejunum.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the electrical stimulation supplied to the small intestines has an operating frequency of about 2 to about 30 pulses per minute.
4. The method of claim 2, wherein the electrical stimulation supplied to the small intestines at a rate of about 2 to about 30 pulses per minute.
5. The method of claim 3, wherein the rate of the electrical stimulation supplied to the small intestines is about 2 to about 15 pulsesminute with each pulse lasting about 0.1 to about 4 seconds such that there is a pause of about 3 to about 30 seconds between the pulses.
6. The method of claim 4, wherein the rate of the electrical stimulation supplied to the small intestines is about 2 to about 15 pulsesminute with each pulse lasting about 0.1 to about 4 seconds such that there is a pause of about 3 to about 30 seconds between the pulses.
7. The method of claim 3, wherein each pulse consists of a train of micro-bursts with a frequency of about 5 to about 100 Hz.
8. The method of claim 4, wherein each pulse consists of a train of micro-bursts with a frequency of about 5 to about 100 Hz.
9. The method of claim 5, wherein each pulse consists of a train of micro-bursts with a frequency of about 5 to about 100 Hz.
10. The method of claim 6, wherein each pulse consists of a train of micro-bursts with a frequency of about 5 to about 100 Hz.
11. A method for treatment of obesity in a patient, said method comprising
implanting at least two electrostimulation devices, wherein each of the electrostimulation devices comprises one or more electrostimulation leads and an electrical connector for attachment to a pulse generator such that the one or more electrostimulation leads are attached to, or adjacent to, the patient’s small intestines, whereby electrical stimulation can be provided to the small intestines through the one or more electrostimulation leads at two or more different locations along the small intestines; and
supplying electrical stimulation to the small intestines through the one or more electrostimulation leads at two or more difference locations along the small intestines.
12. The method of claim 11, wherein two electrostimulation devices are implanted to provide electrostimulation to two different locations along the small intestines.
13. The method of claim 12, wherein the two different locations are along the along duodenum or jejunum.
14. The method of claim 12, wherein the electrical stimulation supplied to the small intestines has an operating frequency of about 2 to about 30 pulses per minute.
15. The method of claim 13, wherein the electrical stimulation supplied to the small intestines at a rate of about 2 to about 30 pulses per minute.
16. The method of claim 12, wherein the rate of the electrical stimulation supplied to the small intestines is about 2 to about 15 pulsesminute with each pulse lasting about 0.1 to about 4 seconds such that there is a pause of about 3 to about 30 seconds between the pulses.
17. The method of claim 13, wherein the rate of the electrical stimulation supplied to the small intestines is about 2 to about 15 pulsesminute with each pulse lasting about 0.1 to about 4 seconds such that there is a pause of about 3 to about 30 seconds between the pulses.
18. The method of claim 12, wherein each pulse consists of a train of micro-bursts with a frequency of about 5 to about 100 Hz.
19. The method of claim 13, wherein each pulse consists of a train of micro-bursts with a frequency of about 5 to about 100 Hz.

1. A method of Internet access in an Internet terminal having a plurality of browsers, each browser having a corresponding browser ID (identifier), the method comprising the steps of:
selecting one of a plurality of bookmarks from a bookmark list, wherein each bookmark includes a URL (Uniform Resource Locator) field for saving an address of an Internet resource and a browser ID field for saving a browser ID used to select a corresponding browser from the plurality of browsers capable of browsing the Internet resource having a unique protocol;
interpreting a browser ID of a selected bookmark; and
launching a browser of the plurality of browsers corresponding to the browser ID, the launched browser interpreting a URL of the selected bookmark, and accessing the Internet resource.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the browser ID field is 8 bits.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the URL field is 64 bits.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the URL field is a string with null termination.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein:
if the browser ID field is equal to a first value, a WAP (Wireless Application Protocol) browser is launched;
if the browser ID field is equal to a second value, a UP (Unwired Planet) browser is launched; and
if the browser ID field is equal to a third value, an HTML (Hyper Text Markup Language) browser is launched.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein the browser is a WEB browser for opening at least one file located at an address indicated by the URL (Uniform Resource Locator).
7. A bookmark frame generating method, the bookmark frame enabling a launch of one of a plurality of browsers specifically designed for a particular Internet resource having a unique protocol, the method comprising the steps of:
activating a bookmark manager, wherein the bookmark manager is a program for reading out, analyzing, and storing bookmark information and mathematical function calls necessary for launching browsers; and
completing a bookmark by said activated bookmark manager by:
(a) selecting one of the plurality of browsers corresponding to the unique protocol;
(b) assigning a bookmark file and allocating an ID (identification) corresponding to the selected browser in the assigned bookmark file; and
(c) inputting a URL (Uniform Resource Locator) of the Internet resource having the unique protocol in the assigned bookmark file,

wherein the bookmark file includes a first field including the ID corresponding to the selected browser and a second field located after the first field and including the URL.
8. The method of claim 7, further comprising the step of inputting a bookmark name in the assigned bookmark file after the URL inputting step.
9. The method of claim 7, further comprising the step of saving a bookmark frame including the URL of the Internet resource having the unique protocol in the assigned bookmark file and the allocated ID corresponding to the selected browser in the assigned bookmark file.
10. An apparatus for accessing the Internet using bookmarks in an Internet terminal capable of displaying bookmarks on a screen, comprising:
a memory for storing a bookmark frame including a browser ID (identification) field and a URL (Uniform Resource Locator) field on a bookmark list, at least one browser, and a bookmark manager,
a controller operably connected to the memory;
a program residing on the memory and being executable by the controller to:
select a bookmark, the bookmark including a browser ID corresponding to a particular browser, and a URL;
launch the particular browser according to the browser ID; and,
access the Internet according to the URL.

The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.

1. An electromagnetic ultrasonic transducer comprising a support, an elastic board disposed on the support, a magnetizer on the elastic board, and a magnet field generator for making the magnetizer vibrate, wherein the thickness of the magnetizer is of the order of microns, the magnetizer is an elastic coil which is configured as a photolithographic coil manufactured by use of semiconductor photolithography and chemical corrosion technology; the support is made of a non-magnetizable material; the magnet field generator is configured as a soft magnet wound by coils, and the coils are connected to a D.C. power supply; the shape of the soft magnet is concave, and the support is fixed at the concave in the middle of the soft magnet; the coils are wound around two protuberant parts at ends of the soft magnet; the photolithographic coil is connected to an A.C. power supply.
2. The electromagnetic ultrasonic transducer of claim 1, wherein a diameter of the elastic coil ranges from 0.5 to 100 microns and the thickness ranges from 0.5 to 200 microns.
3. The electromagnetic ultrasonic transducer as claimed in claim 1, wherein the frequency of the magnetic field force, which is generated by the photolithographic coil, is equal to the frequency of the alternating current in the photolithographic coil and this magnetic field force is in direct ratio with this alternating current.
4. The electromagnetic ultrasonic transducer as claimed in claim 1, wherein the shape of said support is concave, and two ends of the elastic board are fixed on two protuberant parts at both ends of the support by an elastic fixing material; thus, forming an air sink at the concave in the middle of the support, and wherein the length of said air sink ranges from 10 to 200 microns, the width from 10 to 200 microns and the thickness from 10 to 50 microns.
5. The electromagnetic ultrasonic transducer of claim 1, wherein a thickness of said elastic board is of the order of microns; wherein when the elastic board is rectangle-shaped, its length and width range from 10 to 1000 microns and its thickness ranges from 5 to 500 microns; when the elastic board is round-shaped, its diameter ranges from 10 to 1000 microns and its thickness ranges from 5 to 500 microns.
6. An electromagnetic ultrasonic transducer comprising a support, an elastic board disposed on the support, a magnetizer on the elastic board, and a magnet field generator for making the magnetizer vibrate, wherein the thickness of the magnetizer is of the order of microns, the magnetizer is an elastic coil which is configured as a photolithographic coil manufactured by use of semiconductor photolithography and chemical corrosion technology; the support is made of a non-magnetizable material; the magnet field generator is configured as a permanent magnet; the permanent magnet is concave-shaped and the support is fixed at the concave in the middle of the permanent magnet; the photolithographic coil is connected to an A.C. power supply.
7. The electromagnetic ultrasonic transducer as claimed in claim 6, wherein the frequency of the magnetic field force, which is generated by the photolithographic coil, is equal to the frequency of the alternating current in the photolithographic coil and this magnetic field force is in direct ratio with this alternating current.
8. The electromagnetic ultrasonic transducer as claimed in claim 6, wherein the shape of said support is concave, and two ends of the elastic board are fixed on two protuberant parts at both ends of the support by an elastic fixing material; thus, forming an air sink at the concave in the middle of the support, and wherein the length of said air sink ranges from 10 to 200 microns, the width from 10 to 200 microns and the thickness from 10 to 50 microns.
9. The electromagnetic ultrasonic transducer of claim 6, wherein a diameter of the elastic coil ranges from 0.5 to 100 microns and the thickness ranges from 0.5 to 200 microns.
10. An electromagnetic ultrasonic transducer comprising a support, an elastic board disposed on the support, a magnetizer on the elastic board, and a magnet field generator for making the magnetizer vibrate, wherein the thickness of the magnetizer is of the order of microns, the magnetizer is an elastic coil which is configured as a photolithographic coil manufactured by use of semiconductor photolithography and chemical corrosion technology; the support is made of a non-magnetizable material; the magnet field generator is configured as a permanent magnet; the support is placed on the permanent magnet and is fixed and connected to it; the photolithographic coil is connected to an A.C. power supply.
11. An electromagnetic ultrasonic transducers array, comprising multiple electromagnetic ultrasonic transducers as claimed in claim 10; wherein the thickness of the elastic board in each ultrasonic transducer is of the order of microns; all the supports of these transducers are integrated; and all their photolithographic coils are connected to each other in parallel and then connected to an A.C. power supply.
12. The electromagnetic ultrasonic transducers array as claimed in claim 11, wherein the frequency of the magnetic field force, which is generated by the photolithographic coil in the magnet field generators, is equal to the frequency of the alternating current in the photolithographic coil and this magnetic field force is in direct ratio with this alternating current.
13. The electromagnetic ultrasonic transducers array as claimed in claim 11, wherein there are multiple concave openings on said support, and two ends of the elastic board in each transducer are fixed respectively on both ends of the multiple concave openings of the support with elastic fixing material and then air sinks are formed within the concave openings.
14. The electromagnetic ultrasonic transducer as claimed in claim 10, wherein the frequency of the magnetic field force, which is generated by the photolithographic coil, is equal to the frequency of the alternating current in the photolithographic coil and this magnetic field force is in direct ratio with this alternating current.
15. The electromagnetic ultrasonic transducer as claimed in claim 10, wherein the shape of said support is concave, and two ends of the elastic board are fixed on two protuberant parts at both ends of the support by an elastic fixing material; thus, forming an air sink at the concave in the middle of the support, and wherein the length of said air sink ranges from 10 to 200 microns, the width from 10 to 200 microns and the thickness from 10 to 50 microns.
16. The electromagnetic ultrasonic transducer of claim 10, wherein a diameter of the elastic coil ranges from 0.5 to 100 microns and the thickness ranges from 0.5 to 200 microns.
17. An electromagnetic ultrasonic transducer comprising a support, an elastic board disposed on the support, a magnetizer on the elastic board, and a magnet field generator for making the magnetizer vibrate, wherein the thickness of the magnetizer is of the order of microns, the magnetizer is an elastic coil which is configured as a photolithographic coil manufactured by use of semiconductor photolithography and chemical corrosion technology; the support is made of a non-magnetizable material; the magnet field generator is disposed under the support and is configured as a soft magnet wound by coils; the coils are connected to a D.C. power supply; the photolithographic coil is connected to an A.C. power supply.
18. The electromagnetic ultrasonic transducer of claim 17, wherein the winding direction of the coils on the soft magnet makes the direction of current in the photolithographic coils be vertical to the direction of magnetic field in the soft magnet.
19. An electromagnetic ultrasonic transducers array, comprising multiple electromagnetic ultrasonic transducers as claimed in claim 17; wherein all the supports of these transducers are integrated; all their magnet field generators are integrated and are connected to a D.C. power supply; and all their photolithographic coils are connected to each other in parallel and then connected to an A.C. power supply.
20. The electromagnetic ultrasonic transducers array of claim 19, wherein the winding direction of the coil around the soft magnet makes the direction of current in the photolithographic coils be vertical to the direction of magnetic field in the soft magnet.
21. The electromagnetic ultrasonic transducers array as claimed in claim 19, wherein the frequency of the magnetic field force, which is generated by the photolithographic coil in the magnet field generators, is equal to the frequency of the alternating current in the photolithographic coil and this magnetic field force is in direct ratio with this alternating current.
22. The electromagnetic ultrasonic transducers array as claimed in claim 19, wherein there are multiple concave openings on said support, and two ends of the elastic board in each transducer are fixed respectively on both ends of the multiple concave openings of the support with elastic fixing material and then air sinks are formed within the concave openings.
23. The electromagnetic ultrasonic transducers array of claim 22, wherein the length of said air sink ranges from 10 to 200 microns, the width from 10 to 200 microns and the thickness from 10 to 50 microns.
24. An electromagnetic ultrasonic transducers array, comprising multiple electromagnetic ultrasonic transducers as claimed in claim 17; wherein the thickness of the elastic board in each ultrasonic transducer is of the order of microns; all the supports of these transducers are integrated; the soft magnets wound by coils are respectively fixed under every elastic board; and all their photolithographic coils are connected to each other in parallel and then connected to an A.C. power supply.
25. The electromagnetic ultrasonic transducers array of claim 24, wherein the winding direction of the coil around the soft magnet makes the direction of current in the photolithographic coils be vertical to the direction of magnetic field in the soft magnet.
26. The electromagnetic ultrasonic transducers array as claimed in claim 24, wherein the frequency of the magnetic field force, which is generated by the photolithographic coil in the magnet field generators, is equal to the frequency of the alternating current in the photolithographic coil and this magnetic field force is in direct ratio with this alternating current.
27. The electromagnetic ultrasonic transducers array as claimed in claim 24, wherein there are multiple concave openings on said support, and two ends of the elastic board in each transducer are fixed respectively on both ends of the multiple concave openings of the support with elastic fixing material and then air sinks are formed within the concave openings.
28. The electromagnetic ultrasonic transducer as claimed in claim 17, wherein the frequency of the magnetic field force, which is generated by the photolithographic coil, is equal to the frequency of the alternating current in the photolithographic coil and this magnetic field force is in direct ratio with this alternating current.
29. The electromagnetic ultrasonic transducer as claimed in claim 17, wherein the shape of said support is concave, and two ends of the elastic board are fixed on two protuberant parts at both ends of the support by an elastic fixing material; thus, forming an air sink at the concave in the middle of the support, and wherein the length of said air sink ranges from 10 to 200 microns, the width from 10 to 200 microns and the thickness from 10 to 50 microns.
30. The electromagnetic ultrasonic transducer of claim 17, wherein a diameter of the elastic coil ranges from 0.5 to 100 microns and the thickness ranges from 0.5 to 200 microns.