Author: claimsbot

1. An arrow broadhead adapted for attaching to an open end of a hollow arrow shaft, the broadhead adapted for moving from a retracted position to an extended position when contacting a target, the broadhead comprising:
a sliding shaft having a pointed tip, said pointed tip formed in a front portion of said shaft, said pointed tip tapered rearwardly and outwardly forming a tip base;
at least two cutting blades pivotally attached to said tip base, said blades including an outer cutting edge and an inner edge, the inner edge of said blades including a beveled cam surface;
a hollow collar for receiving a portion of said sliding shaft therethrough; and
a sliding shaft housing having a bore hole therein and a threaded lower end, said hollow collar attached to a side of said bore hole, a lower end portion of said sliding shaft received in said bore hole, said threaded lower end of said sliding shaft housing adapted for receipt inside the open end of the hollow arrow shaft;
whereby, when said pointed tip contacts a target, said sliding shaft moves inwardly through said hollow collar and into said bore hole and the beveled cam surface of said blades contacts a portion of a side of said hollow collar and moves said blades outwardly from a folded, retracted position into an extended position.
2. The broadhead as described in claim 1 wherein said bore hole of said sliding shaft housing includes a threaded upper end in a collar bore hole and a smaller sliding shaft bore hole below said collar bore hole, said hollow collar attached to the threaded upper end of said sliding shaft housing, a lower end portion of said sliding shaft received in said sliding shaft bore hole.
3. The broadhead as described in claim 1 further including a round hollow arrow shaft insert adapted for receipt in the open end of the arrow shaft, the threaded lower end of said sliding shaft housing attached to said arrow shaft insert.
4. The broadhead as described in claim 1 further including three cutting blades equally spaced around a circumference of said tip base and pinned inside grooves in the side of said tip base.
5. The broadhead as described in claim 1 further including a blade retaining band received in an outer notch in said blades, said band for holding said blades in a folded, retracted position during arrow flight.
6. The broadhead as described in claim 1 wherein a portion of said sliding shaft includes an annular groove therein for receiving a ring keeper, said ring keeper preventing said sliding shaft from being removed from said hollow collar.
7. An arrow broadhead adapted for attaching to an open end of a hollow arrow shaft, the broadhead adapted for moving from a reacted position to an extended position when contacting a target, the broadhead comprising:
a sliding shaft having a pointed tip, said pointed tip formed in a front portion of said shaft, said pointed tip tapered rearwardly and outwardly forming a tip base, said tip base having grooves formed therein and parallel to a length of said sliding shaft;
at least two cutting blades, said grooves in said tip base used for receiving a pivot end of said cutting blades, the pivot end of said cutting blades pinned to sides of said grooves, said blades including an outer cutting edge and an inner edge, the inner edge of said blades including a beveled cam surface;
a hollow collar for receiving a portion of said sliding shaft therethrough; and
a sliding shaft housing having an interior threaded upper end in a collar bore hole, a sliding shaft lower bore hole below said collar bore hole and an exterior threaded lower end, said hollow collar attached to the threaded upper end of said sliding shaft housing, a lower end portion of said sliding shaft received in said sliding shaft bore hole, said threaded lower end of said sliding shaft housing adapted for receipt inside the open end of the hollow arrow shaft;
whereby, when said pointed tip contacts a target, said sliding shaft moves inwardly through said hollow collar and into said sliding shaft lower bore hole and said beveled cam surface contacts a portion of a side of said hollow collar and moves said blades outwardly from a folded, retracted position into an extended position.
8. The broadhead as described in claim 7 further including a round hollow arrow shaft insert adapted for receipt in the open end of the arrow shaft, said exterior threaded lower end of said sliding shaft housing attached to said arrow shaft insert.
9. The broadhead as described in claim 7 further including three cutting blades equally spaced around a circumference of said tip base and pinned inside grooves in the side of said tip base.
10. The broadhead as described in claim 7 further including a blade retaining band received in an outer notch in said three blades, said band for holding said blades in a folded, retracted position during arrow flight.
11. The broadhead as described in claim 7 wherein a portion of said sliding shaft includes an annular groove therein for receiving a ring keeper, said ring keeper preventing said sliding shaft from being removed from said hollow collar.
12. An arrow broadhead adapted for attaching to an open end of a hollow arrow shaft, the broadhead also adapted for moving from a folded, retracted position to an extended position when contacting a target, the broadhead comprising:
a sliding shaft having a pointed tip, said pointed tip formed in a front portion of said shaft, said pointed tip tapered rearwardly and outwardly forming a tip base;
at least two cutting blades pivotally attached to said tip base, said blades including an outer cutting edge and an inner edge, the inner edge of said blades including a beveled cam surface;
an arrow shaft insert adapted for receipt in the open end of the hollow arrow shaft; and
a hollow collar received inside said arrow shaft insert, a lower end portion of said sliding shaft slidably received inside said hollow collar and the open end of the hollow arrow shaft;
whereby, when said pointed tip contacts the target, said sliding shaft moves inwardly through said hollow collar and the beveled cam surface of said blades contacts a portion of a side of said hollow collar, the beveled cam surface moving said blades outwardly from the folded, retracted position next to a length of said shaft into the extended position.
13. The broadhead as described in claim 12 further including three cutting blades equally spaced around a circumference of said tip base and pinned thereto.
14. The broadhead as described in claim 12 further including a blade retaining means received on said blades for holding said blades in a folded, retracted position during arrow flight.
15. The broadhead as described in claim 14 wherein said blade retaining means is a rubber band received around a rearward portion of said blades.
16. The broadhead as described in claim 12 wherein a rear portion of said sliding shaft includes an annular groove therein for receiving a ring keeper, said ring keeper preventing said sliding shaft from being removed from said collar.

The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.

1. An active power factor pre-converter having a rectified AC voltage input from a mains AC power supply and a DC output voltage, the pre-converter comprising adjustment means to adjust automatically, in operation, the DC output voltage as a function of the rectified AC voltage input, wherein the active power factor pre-converter is connected to a main power supply converter and the main power supply converter produces synchronisation pulses which ensure that a transistor switch of the active power factor pre-converter is OFF during the period when a transistor switch of the main power supply converter is ON.
2. An active power factor pre-converter according to claim 1, wherein the means to adjust the DC output voltage includes means to sample the rectified AC voltage input and the DC output voltage.
3. An active power factor pre-converter according to claim 1, wherein the adjustment means adjusts the DC output voltage to a lower threshold value if the rectified AC voltage input falls below a predetermined value.
4. An active power factor pre-converter according to claim 1, wherein die adjustment means adjusts the DC output voltage to an upper threshold if the rectified AC voltage input rises above a predetermined value.
5. An active power factor pre-converter according to claim 1, wherein the adjustment means adjusts the DC output voltage to track the rectified AC voltage input.
6. An active power factor pre-converter according to claim 5, wherein the adjustment means adjusts the DC output voltage to a level a fixed amount greater than the rectified AC voltage input.
7. An active power factor pre-converter according to claim 6, wherein the fixed amount is between 0 and 15% of the amplitude of the rectified mains voltage.
8. An active power factor pre-converter according to claim 1, wherein the active power factor pre-converter is disabled when synchronisation pulses from the main power supply converter cease.
9. An active power factor pre-converter according to claim 8, wherein an auxiliary converter is still operable to take power from the mains AC power supply when the active power factor pre-converter is disabled.
10. A method of active power factor correction comprising:
connecting an active power factor pre-converter to a main supply converter; of
automatically adjusting a DC output voltage of the active power factor pre-converter as a function of a rectified AC voltage input to the pre-converter; and
producing synchronisation pulses in the main power supply converter which ensure that a transistor switch of the active power factor pre-converter is OFF during the period when a transistor switch of the main power supply converter is ON.

1. Method for treating a surface of at least one part having multiple faces with a non-uniform plasma generated with elementary plasma sources by distributed electron cyclotron resonance, comprising: subjecting the at least one part to at least one movement of revolution with regard to at least one fixed linear row of spaced apart elementary plasma sources, each source comprising a coaxial waveguide and an end fitting containing a magnet for electron cyclotron resonance, setting spacing between adjacent sources of the at least one fixed linear row between a minimum distance of about twice a diameter of the magnet, and a maximum distance Dmax determined by the formula:
D
\u2062
\u2062
max

=

2
\u2062
R
\u2062
\u2062
max
o

\u2062
P
o

P
where: R maxo is about 5 cm, Po is 2.10\u22123 mbar, and P is working pressure in mbar, the at least one fixed linear row of elementary plasma sources being disposed parallel to an axis of revolution of the at least one part and providing uniform treatment in volume of the at least one part although the plasma itself is not uniform in volume, whereby uniform surface treatment on the multiple faces of the at least one part is realized without requiring modification of equipment geometry according to geometry of the at least one part.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the movement of revolution is a single rotation.
3. The method according to claim 1, wherein the movement of revolution is a single or double planetary movement.
4. The method according to claim 1, wherein adjacent elementary sources have a same polarity.
5. The method according to claim 1, wherein magnetisation axis of the magnet is colinear with an axis of the waveguide and preserves symmetry of revolution of said guide and guarantees that electron paths close upon themselves.
6. The method according to claim 1, wherein the elementary sources are supplied by a single generator having a power divided into equal parts between the sources.
7. The method according to claim 1, wherein the elementary sources are supplied by generators having a power that is adjusted to have a uniform treatment along the row of the said sources.
8. The method according to claim 1, wherein minimum distance from the sources to the at least one part is the closest distance during the movement and is between 40 and about 160 mm.
9. The method according to claim 1, wherein the at least one fixed linear row of spaced apart elementary plasma sources comprises at least three elementary plasma sources.
10. The method according to claim 1, wherein the at least one fixed linear row of spaced apart elementary plasma sources consists of a single row.

The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.

We claim:

1. A process for producing a wear-resistant, tribological cylinder bearing surface for a piston running in a cylinder of a crankcase of an internal-combustion engine, the process which comprises:
positioning a laser such that a longitudinal axis of the laser is substantially coaxial to a cylinder of a crankcase of an internal-combustion engine;
rotating the laser about the longitudinal axis of the laser and simultaneously advancing the laser in a direction of the longitudinal axis of the laser;
feeding a powdery material through the laser and directing a jet of the powdery material to a cylinder bearing surface of the cylinder;
deflecting a laser beam to an impact region where the jet of the powdery material impinges on the cylinder bearing surface and guiding the jet of the powdery material such that at least part of the jet of the powdery material passes through the laser beam; and
at least partially melting, with the laser beam, a surface of the impact region such that the surface of the impact region is at least partially melted before the powdery material impinges on the surface of the impact region.
2. The process according to claim 1, which comprises forming given structures in the cylinder bearing surface by using an additional laser treatment.
3. The process according to claim 1, which comprises forming oil pockets in the cylinder bearing surface by using an additional laser treatment.
4. The process according to claim 1, which comprises using, as the powdery material, at least one material selected from the group consisting of a silicon-containing material, a tungsten-containing material and a nickel-containing material.
5. The process according to claim 1, which comprises adjusting a laser energy such that the powdery material, which passes through the laser beam and is transported in the jet, is deposited on the cylinder bearing surface.
6. The process according to claim 1, which comprises adjusting a laser energy such that the powdery material, which passes through the laser beam and is transported in the jet, is alloyed into the cylinder bearing surface.
7. The process according to claim 1, which comprises adjusting a laser energy such that the powdery material, which passes through the laser beam and is transported in the jet, is alloyed into the cylinder bearing surface and is deposited on the cylinder surface.
8. The process according to claim 1, which comprises selecting a given rotational speed for the step of rotating the laser about the longitudinal axis of the laser, selecting a given translational speed for the step of advancing the laser in the direction of the longitudinal axis of the laser and selecting a given laser energy such that the powdery material is deposited with a layer thickness of substantially 800 m to 1000 m.
9. The process according to claim 1, which comprises selecting a given rotational speed for the step of rotating the laser about the longitudinal axis of the laser, selecting a given translational speed for the step of advancing the laser in the direction of the longitudinal axis of the laser and selecting a given laser energy such that the powdery material is alloyed into the cylinder bearing surface with a penetration depth of substantially 250 m and such that at the same time the powdery material is deposited with a layer thickness of substantially 250 m.
10. The process according to claim 1, which comprises operating the laser with a laser energy of substantially 2 kW.
11. The process according to claim 1, which comprises advancing the laser such that the laser passes only once through the cylinder for performing operating steps.
12. The process according to claim 1, which comprises advancing the laser such that the laser passes several times through the cylinder for performing operating steps.
13. A device for producing a wear-resistant, tribological cylinder bearing surface in a cylinder of a crankcase of an internal-combustion engine, comprising:
a laser for providing a laser beam;
a powder feed device extending trough said laser;
said powder feed device being configured to guide a jet of a powdery material through the laser beam and to guide the jet of the powdery material to an impact region on a cylinder bearing surface where the powdery material impinges on the cylinder bearing surface; and
a beam-deflecting device operatively connected to said laser, said beam-deflecting device deflecting the laser beam onto the impact region where the powdery material impinges on the cylinder bearing surface.
14. The device according to claim 13, wherein said beam-deflecting device includes at least one optical device selected from the group consisting of a mirror, a lens system and optical fibers.
15. In combination with a crankcase having a cylinder, a device for producing a wear-resistant, tribological cylinder bearing surface in the cylinder, comprising:
a laser for providing a laser beam, said laser being positioned coaxial with respect to the cylinder;
a powder feed device extending trough said laser;
said powder feed device being configured to guide a jet of a powdery material through the laser beam and to guide the jet of the powdery material to an impact region on a cylinder bearing surface where the powdery material impinges on the cylinder bearing surface; and
a beam-deflecting device operatively connected to said laser, said beam-deflecting device deflecting the laser beam onto the impact region where the powdery material impinges on the cylinder bearing surface.
16. The device according to claim 15, wherein said beam-deflecting device includes at least one optical device selected from the group consisting of a mirror, a lens system and optical fibers.