Author: claimsbot

1. A method of assessing a credit risk score comprising:
creating training data from historic credit data, wherein the historic credit data includes a credit risk score of a consumer;
developing a first set of tokens from the training data;
analyzing current credit data for the consumer to develop a second set of tokens, wherein the second set of tokens is a subset of the first set of tokens;
using the second set of tokens to develop a quality score that is indicative of a quality of the consumer’s credit risk score.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the historic credit data comprises tradeline information, consumer or business attribute information, public record data credit inquiry data, bureau alert data, or non-tradeline information.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the quality score comprises a probability distribution or a probability score.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the quality score comprises a volatility score that predicts variability of the credit risk score over a period of time in the future.
5. The method of claim 4, wherein the volatility score comprises an expected value of the credit risk score’s statistical variance over at least one future span of time.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein the quality score comprises an error score that determines a likelihood of occurrence of a credit dispute.
7. The method of claim 6, wherein the quality score comprises an error score that determines whether the dispute will result in a change in the consumer’s credit file.
8. The method of claim 1, wherein the quality score comprises a variability score that determines the variability of the consumer or business credit score among credit reporting agencies.
9. The method of claim 1, further comprising combining the quality score with individual consumer data to determine credit risk score stability and consumer dispute potential.
10. The method of claim 1, further comprising using the quality score to develop underwriting rules for credit approval.
11. The method of claim 1 further comprising generating at plurality of reason codes for the quality score.
12. A method of assessing the volatility of a plurality of a credit risk scores comprising:
creating training data from historic credit data, wherein the historic credit data includes data for a plurality of consumers over a plurality of time periods;
predicting a volatility based on the training data;
using the predicted volatility as a quality score for a credit risk score of one or more of the consumers.
13. A method of assessing a credit risk score comprising:
identifying historic credit data, wherein the historic credit data includes a consumer credit risk score of a consumer; and
developing a quality score based on the historic credit data, wherein the quality score comprises a prediction of a volatility of the consumer credit risk score over a period of time.
14. The method of claim 13, wherein the developing a quality score comprises predicting a distribution of the score over a period of time.
15. A method of assessing a credit risk score comprising:
identifying historic credit data, wherein the historic credit data includes a consumer credit risk score of a consumer; and
developing a quality score based on the historic credit data, wherein the quality score comprises a prediction of a variability of the consumer credit risk score among a plurality of agencies.
16. The method of claim 15, wherein the developing a quality score comprises predicting a probability distribution of the credit risk score over a period of time and combining components of the predicted probability distribution to determine the quality score.

The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.

1. An electronic device provided with a function for setting a timer that controls a power state of said device comprising:
an electronic device comprising a plurality of power states comprising an awake state, low-light state, suspend state, and power off state;
a state control unit operative to change the power state of the electronic device to any one of said power states in a stepwise manner;
a timer managing unit operative to receive regular timed requests to execute a process from each of a plurality of applications installed on said electronic device, said applications include at least a mail application and a positioning application, and consolidate said timed requests to execute a process,
a timer configured to transmit a signal to the state control unit to execute a resume process that switches said device from the suspend state to a low-light state in which said processes can be executed, said timer transmits said signal according to a schedule set by said timer managing unit, wherein said schedule is defined by a time interval between times of the consolidated requests that are coextensive, such that said schedule allows as many of said applications as possible to execute their respective processes whenever the resume process is executed, wherein said processes include processes other than data synchronization,
wherein the mail application and positioning application are activated by the resume process.
2. The electronic device according to claim 1, wherein the timer managing unit comprises:
a time information receiving unit operative to receive time information for executing a process from each of said plurality of applications and consolidate said time information for executing a process, said applications include at least a mail application and a positioning application, said time information specifies a time interval between times that each application executes a predetermined process;
a time interval retaining unit operative to retain a time interval T, wherein time interval T is a minimum time interval between times of the consolidated time information that are coextensive; and
a defining unit operative to register a set time for the timer to send a control signal to the state control unit to switch from the suspend state to the low-light state in order to allow execution of said processes, on the basis of the received time information and the time interval T, wherein said processes include processes other than data synchronization.
3. The electronic device according to claim 2, wherein the defining unit determines the set time on the basis of time information for executing a predetermined process acquired from each of said plurality of applications.
4. The electronic device according to claim 2, wherein the defining unit determines the set time as a time point calculated by adding a value of the time interval T times N (where N is a positive integer) to a most recent set time.
5. The electronic device according to claim 2, wherein the defining unit determines the set time as a time point calculated by adding a value of the time interval T times N (where N is a positive integer more than 1) to a most recent set time if the time information received from each application is larger than the timer interval T.
6. The electronic device according to claim 2, wherein the defining unit determines an initial set time by using a random value.
7. The electronic device according to claim 1, wherein said low-light state is a power-saving state in which the brightness value of a display of the device is reduced to lower power consumption, but application processes can still be executed.
8. The electronic device according to claim 1, wherein the electronic device consumes less power in the low-light state than in the awake state by reducing the brightness value of a display of the electronic device without shutting off the display.
9. The electronic device according to claim 1, wherein said state where application processes can be executed comprises said awake state and said low-light state.
10. The electronic device according to claim 1, wherein in the suspend state power is supplied to the timer and to a RAM that stores the status of work immediately before the device enters the suspend state, while power supply is stopped to other components.
11. The electronic device according to claim 1, wherein when the device is in the power off state due to an insufficient battery level, the state control unit performs a cold boot automatically at the start of charging and enters the suspend state.
12. The electronic device according to claim 1, wherein right before switching to the suspend state system data is saved in a memory of the device, said system data comprising data for a most recent work environment, wherein said saved data allows the work to be restored when the state control unit completes the resume process.
13. The electronic device according to claim 12, wherein the state control unit performs the following processes before powering off the electronic device due to insufficient battery level:
allow at least a part of said system data to be stored in a predetermined area of a non-volatile memory as data for recovery, and
record information in the form of a flag indicating that the power was turned off due to an insufficient battery level in the predetermined area of the non-volatile memory.
14. The electronic device according to claim 13, wherein said data for recovery comprises at least application request data that the timer managing unit uses for setting the timer.
15. A method for setting time of a timer comprising:
receiving regular timed requests to execute a process from each of a plurality of applications installed on an electronic device, said applications include at least a mail application and a positioning application;
consolidating said timed requests to execute a process; and
registering a set time for the timer on the basis of the received requests and a time interval T, wherein time interval T is a minimum time interval between times of the consolidated requests that are coextensive,
switching said device with said applications stored thereon to a low-light state in which said processes are executed in response to a control signal sent by said timer at said set time, wherein said processes includes processes other than data synchronization.
16. A non-transitory computer-readable recording medium containing a computer program, comprising:
a module configured to receive regular timed requests to execute a process from each of a plurality of applications installed on an electronic device and consolidate said timed requests to execute a process, said applications include at least a mail application and a positioning application; and
a module configured to register a set time for a timer on the basis of the received requests and a time interval T, wherein time interval T is a minimum time interval between times of the consolidated requests that are coextensive,
a module configured to switch said device with said applications stored thereon to a low-light state in which said processes are executed, in response to a control signal sent by said timer at said set time, wherein said processes include processes other than data synchronization.

1. An apparatus for determining the location of a receiver in dependence on signalling events transmitted to the receiver by a satellite constellation comprising a reference satellite and one or more other satellites, the apparatus being arranged to:
for each of the one or more other satellites, compare an indication of the transit time of a signalling event transmitted by that satellite and an indication of the transit time of a signalling event transmitted by the reference satellite; and
calculate the location of the receiver in dependence on those comparisons;
the apparatus being further arranged to determine, for each of the satellites in the constellation, an indication of an error that would be incorporated in the comparisons if that satellite were selected as the reference satellite and to designate one of the satellites in the constellation as the reference satellite in dependence on those indications.
2. An apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein apparatus is arranged to estimate a transmission time for the signalling events transmitted by each satellite and estimate a location of the receiver.
3. An apparatus as claimed in claim 2, wherein the apparatus is arranged to compare the indications of the transit times in dependence on the estimated transmission time of the signalling event transmitted by the satellite, the estimated transmission time of the signalling event transmitted by the reference satellite and the estimated location of the receiver.
4. An apparatus as claimed in claim 3, wherein the apparatus is arranged to determine an indication of the error that would be incorporated in the comparisons in dependence on an error comprised in the estimates of transmission time andor the estimate of receiver location.
5. An apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein the apparatus is arranged to use, as the indication of the transit time of a signalling event, a time-of-arrival of that signalling event at the receiver.
6. An apparatus as claimed in claim 2, wherein the apparatus is arranged to use, as the indication of the transit time of a signalling event, an estimated distance between the receiver and the satellite that transmitted that signalling event.
7. An apparatus as claimed in claim 6, wherein the apparatus is arranged to estimate the distance between the receiver and the satellite in dependence on the estimated time of transmission of the signalling event transmitted by that satellite and the estimated location of the receiver.
8. An apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein the apparatus is arranged to determine an average line-of-sight velocity for the satellites in the constellation.
9. An apparatus as claimed in claim 8, wherein the apparatus is arranged to designate, as the reference satellite, the satellite having a line-of-sight velocity that is closest to the average line-of-sight velocity.
10. An apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein the apparatus is arranged to determine a direction vector corresponding to an average of the direction vectors from the receiver to each satellite in the constellation.
11. An apparatus as claimed in claim 10, wherein the apparatus is arranged to designate, as the reference satellite, the satellite for which the direction vector from the receiver to that satellite is closest to the average direction vector.
12. An apparatus as claimed in claim 8, wherein the apparatus is arranged to designate, as the reference satellite, the satellite in the constellation having either:
the closest line-of-sight velocity to the average line-of-sight velocity; or
the direction vector to the receiver that is closest to the average direction vector;
in dependence on the relative magnitudes of an error in the estimate of the location of the receiver and an error in the estimates of the transmission times.
13. An apparatus as claimed in claim 8, wherein the apparatus is arranged to designate as the reference satellite the satellite of the plurality of satellites having an optimum combination of line-of-sight velocity and direction vector in relation to the average line-of-sight velocity and average direction vector.
14. An apparatus as claimed in claim 8, wherein the apparatus is arranged to calculate for each of the plurality of satellites a metric, \u0394j2, that is given by the following equation:
\u0394
j
2

=
\u2308
\uf603

R
MAX

\uf604

\ue89e
a
_

.

(
n
_

–

n
j
)
\u2309

2

+
\u2308
\uf603

R
MAX

\uf604

\ue89e
b
_

.

(
n
_

–

n
j
)
\u2309

2

+
\uf603

\u0394
\ue89e
\ue89e

t
MAX
\uf604

\ue89e

\uf603
\u2202

\u03c1
_
\u2202
t
–
\u2202

\u03c1
j
\u2202
t
\uf604
2
in which:
n is a mean of the unit vectors between the receiver and the plurality of satellites;
nj is the unit vector between the receiver and the \u2018jth\u2019 satellite;
RMAX is a maximum error in an original estimate of the position of the GPS receiver;
\u0394tMAX is a maximum error in an original estimate of a transmission time of a signal from one of the plurality of satellites;
\u2202

\u03c1
_
\u2202
t
is an average line-of-sight velocity of the plurality of satellites;
\u2202

\u03c1
j
\u2202
t
is the line-of-sight velocity of the \u2018jth\u2019 satellite;
a and b are orthogonal unit vectors in a tangent plane of the GPS receiver;
the apparatus being arranged to select as the reference satellite the satellite that when used as the \u2018jth\u2019 satellite generates the smallest metric.
15. An apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein the apparatus is arranged to calculate for each of the plurality of satellites a metric, \u0394j02, that is given by the following equation:
\u0394

j
\ue89e
\ue89e
0

2

=
\uf603

R
MAX

\uf604

\ue89e
a
_

.

(
n
j

–

n
0
)
2

+
\uf603

R
MAX

\uf604

\ue89e
b
_

.

(
n
j

–

n
0
)
2

+
\uf603

\u0394
\ue89e
\ue89e

t
MAX
\uf604

\ue89e

\uf603
\u2202

\u03c1
j
\u2202
t
–
\u2202

\u03c1
c
\u2202
t
\uf604
2
in which:
nj is the unit vector between the receiver and the \u2018jth\u2019 satellite;
n0 is a unit vector between the receiver and the satellite that is being tested as the reference;
\u2202

\u03c1
0
\u2202
t
is the line-of-sight velocity of the satellite that is being tested as the reference;
\u2202

\u03c1
j
\u2202
t
is the line-of-sight velocity of the \u2018jth\u2019 satellite;
RMAX is a maximum error in an original estimate of the position of the GPS receiver;
\u0394tMAX is a maximum error in an original estimate of a transmission time of a signal from one of the plurality of satellites; and
a and b are orthogonal unit vectors in a tangent plane of the GPS receiver;
the apparatus being arranged to select as the reference satellite the satellite that, when tested as the reference satellite, generates the smallest maximum metric across all \u2018j\u2019 satellites.
16. An apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein the apparatus is arranged to designate a reference satellite by:
selecting each of the satellites in the constellation in turn as a candidate for being the reference satellite;
for each candidate, forming indications of the error that would be incorporated in each of the comparisons if that satellite were the reference;
for each candidate, identifying a maximum of those errors; and
designating as the reference satellite the candidate that would generate the minimum maximum error.
17. An apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein the apparatus is arranged to select a subset of the satellites that are visible to the receiver to form the constellation of satellites.
18. An apparatus as claimed in claim 17, wherein the apparatus is arranged to designate one of the subset of satellites as the reference satellite.
19. A method for determining the location of a receiver in dependence on signalling events transmitted to the receiver by a satellite constellation comprising a reference satellite and one or more other satellites, the method comprising:
for each of the one or more satellites, comparing an indication of the transit time of the signalling event transmitted by that satellite and an indication of the transit time of the signalling event transmitted by the reference satellite; and
calculating the location of the receiver in dependence on those comparisons;
the method further comprising determining, for each of the satellites in the constellation, an indication of an error that would be incorporated in the comparisons if that satellite were selected as the reference satellite and selecting the reference satellite in dependence on those indications.
20. A computer-readable medium encoded with instructions, that when executed by an apparatus for determining the location of a receiver in dependence on signalling events transmitted to the receiver by a satellite constellation comprising a reference satellite and one or more other satellites, cause the apparatus to:
for each of the one or more satellites, compare an indication of the transit time of the signalling event transmitted by that satellite and an indication of the transit time of the signalling event transmitted by the reference satellite; and
calculate the location of the receiver in dependence on those comparisons;
the instructions further causing the apparatus to determine, for each of the satellites in the constellation, an indication of an error that would be incorporated in the comparisons if that satellite were selected as the reference satellite and to select the reference satellite in dependence on those indications.

The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.

1. A tunable radio frequency microelectromechanical inductor, the inductor comprising:
a coplanar waveguide having a center conductor and two spaced apart ground conductors, the center conductor positioned between the two spaced apart ground conductors, and the center conductor further comprising a narrow width inductive section;
at least one direct current actuatable diamond micro-bridge contact switch positioned to vary the effective width of the narrow inductive section of the center conductor upon actuation of the at least one contact switch; and
a direct current bias line positioned to actuate the at least one actuatable diamond micro-bridge contact switch.
2. The tunable inductor of claim 1, wherein the inductive section of the center conductor is substantially straight and of uniform width over the length of the section.
3. The tunable inductor of claim 1, wherein the inductive section of the center conductor is a meandered center conductor over the length of the section.
4. The tunable inductor of claim 1, wherein the actuatable contact switch is in contact at one end with the center conductor and suspended above the coplanar waveguide bordering the narrow inductive section of the center conductor.
5. The tunable inductor of claim 1, wherein the actuatable contact switch is a boron-doped diamond micro-bridge having deposited bi-metal copper lines.
6. The tunable inductor of claim 1, wherein the diamond micro-bridge is about 1200 \u03bcm long and 300 \u03bcm wide.
7. The tunable inductor of claim 1, wherein the diamond micro-bridge is thermally actuatable using a bi-metal actuation scheme.
8. The tunable inductor of claim 1, wherein the direct current bias line passes through a cut in the ground plane of the ground conductors and under the actuatable switch.
9. The tunable inductor of claim 1, wherein the direct current bias line is a SiCr line passing through a cut in the ground plane of the ground conductors and the ground planes split by the cut are electrically connected through a thin wire-bond.
10. The tunable inductor of claim 1, wherein the direct current bias line is a SiCr line passing through a cut in the ground plane of the ground conductors and the ground planes split by the cut are electrically connected through an air-bridge.
11. The tunable inductor of claim 1, wherein the at least one direct current actuatable diamond micro-bridge contact switch further comprises a plurality of direct current actuatable diamond micro-bridge contact switches.
12. The tunable inductor of claim 1, wherein the length of the narrow width inductive section of the center conductor is equal to approximately one fourth of an operating wavelength of the inductor.
13. The tunable inductor of claim 1, wherein the length of the inductive section is approximately 600 \u03bcm.
14. A method of tuning a radio frequency microelectromechanical inductor, the method comprising the steps of:
providing a coplanar waveguide having a center conductor and two spaced apart ground conductors, the center conductor positioned between the two spaced apart ground conductors, and the center conductor further comprising a narrow width inductive section;
positioning at least one direct current actuatable diamond micro-bridge contact switch to vary the effective width of the narrow inductive section of the center conductor upon actuation of the at least one contact switch; and
positioning a direct current bias line to actuate the at least one actuatable diamond micro-bridge contact switch.
15. A tunable radio frequency microelectromechanical inductor, the inductor comprising:
a coplanar waveguide having a center conductor and two spaced apart ground conductors, the center conductor positioned between the two spaced apart ground conductors, and the center conductor further comprising a narrow width inductive section;
two diamond micro-bridges positioned on opposite sides of the narrow inductive width section and spanning the narrow width induction section, the diamond micro-bridges positioned to vary the effective width of the narrow inductive section of the center conductor upon actuation of the two diamond micro-bridges; and
a direct current bias line positioned to actuate the two diamond micro-bridges, the bias line passing through a cut in the ground plane of the ground conductors and the ground planes split by the cut being electrically connected through a thin wire-bond.