Author: claimsbot

1. A sulfonamide compound of formula (I):
wherein
R1 is an aryl or an group unsaturated 5- or 6-membered heteromonocyclic group having 1 to 4 nitrogen atom(s), which is substituted by at least one substituent selected from the group consisting of:
(1) aryl,
(2) pyrrolyl, pyrrolidinyl, oxazolidinyl, thienyl, or furanyl, each of which may be optionally substituted by oxo or halogen,
(3) halogen,
(4) halo(lower)alkyl,
(5) lower alkoxy optionally substituted by cyclo(lower)alkyl,
(6) amino optionally substituted by at least one substituent selected from the group consisting of lower alkyl optionally substituted by cyclo(lower)alkyl, protected carboxy, acyl, lower alkylcarbamoyl, and lower alkanesulfonyl,
(7) nitro and
(8) lower alkynyl optionally substituted by aryl;
R2 is a lower alkyl or lower alkoxy;
R3 is a hydrogen or lower alkyl;
R4 is:
a lower alkenyl optionally substituted by aryl or unsaturated 5- or 6-membered heteromonocyclic group having 1 to 4 nitrogen atom(s),
aryl optionally substituted by carboxy or protected carboxy,
lower alkyl optionally substituted by acyloxy,
amino optionally substituted by lower alkyl, or
unsaturated 5- or 6-membered heteromonocyclic group having one sulfur atom or one oxygen atom optionally substituted by halogen; and
A is a lower alkylene; or
a salt, solvate, or hydrate of a compound of formula (I),
with the proviso that A is not methylene and R1 is not:
\u2003wherein X is halogen, Y is C or N, and R5 is pyrrolyl, furyl, or amino substituted by protected carboxy and optionally substituted by lower alkyl.
2. The compound of claim 1, wherein R1 is a substituted aryl group.
3. The compound of claim 1, wherein R1 is a substituted unsaturated 5- or 6-membered heteromonocyclic group having 1 to 4 nitrogen atom(s).
4. The sulfonamide compound of claim 1, wherein R4 is:
lower alkenyl substituted by an unsaturated 5- or 6-membered heteromonocyclic group having 1 to 4 nitrogen atom(s),
aryl substituted by carboxy or protected carboxy,
lower alkyl substituted by acyloxy, or
amino optionally substituted by lower alkyl;
or a salt, solvate, or hydrate thereof.
5. The sulfonamide compound of claim 1,
wherein R1 is pyridyl substituted by at least one substituent selected from the group consisting of:
(1) aryl,
(2) pyrrolyl, pyrrolidinyl, oxazolidinyl, thienyl, or furanyl, each of which may be optionally substituted by oxo or halogen,
(3) halogen,
(4) halo(lower)alkyl,
(5) lower alkoxy optionally substituted by cyclo(lower)alkyl,
(6) amino optionally substituted by at least one substituent selected from the group consisting of lower alkyl optionally substituted by cyclo(lower)alkyl, protected carboxy, acyl and lower alkanesulfonyl,
(7) nitro and
(8) lower alkynyl optionally substituted by aryl;
or a salt, solvate, or hydrate thereof.
6. The sulfonamide compound of claim 1, wherein A is methylene.
7. The sulfonamide compound of claim 1, wherein R2 is methyl, ethyl or ethoxy.
8. The sulfonamide compound of claim 1, wherein R3 is hydrogen or methyl.
9. The sulfonamide compound of claim 1, wherein R4 is (E)-2-(4-pyridyl)vinyl, 1-pentyl, 1-butyl, 4-methylphenyl, 1-propylamino, 1-butylamino, (E)-2-(phenyl)vinyl, 5-bromo-2-thienyl, 5-chloro-2-thienyl, 4-ethoxycarbonylphenyl, 4-carboxyphenyl, or 4-acetoxybutyl.
10. The sulfonamide compound of claim 1, which is:
3-(2-chloro-4-phenylbenzyl)-2-methyl-5-(E)-2-(4-pyridyl)ethenesulfonylcarbamoyl-3H-imidazo4,5-bpyridine,
5-(4-acetoxybutane)sulfonylcarbamoyl-3-(2-chloro-4-phenylbenzyl)-2-methyl-3H-imidazo4,5-bpyridine,
3-(2-chloro-4-phenylbenzyl)-2-methyl-5-(4-ethoxycarbonylbenzene)sulfonylcarbamoyl-3H-imidazo4,5-bpyridine,
3-(2-chloro-4-phenylbenzyl)-2-methyl-5-(4-carboxybenzene)sulfonylcarbamoyl-3H-imidazo4,5-bpyridine,
3-(2-chloro-4-methoxybenzyl)-2-methyl-5-(1-pentanesulfonylcarbamoyl)-3H-imidazo4,5-bpyridine,
5-(1-butanesulfonylcarbamoyl)-3-(2-chloro-4-methoxybenzyl)-2-methyl-3H-imidazo4,5-bpyridine,
3-(2-chloro-4-methoxybenzyl)-2-methyl-5-(4-methylbenzene)sulfonylcarbamoyl-3H-imidazo4,5-bpyridine,
3-(2-chloro-4-ethoxybenzyl)-2-methyl-5-(1-pentanesulfonylcarbamoyl)-3H-imidazo4,5-bpyridine,
5-(1-butanesulfonylcarbamoyl)-3-(2-chloro-4-ethoxybenzyl)-2-methyl-3H-imidazo4,5-bpyridine,
3-(2-chloro-4-ethoxybenzyl)-2-methyl-5-((1-propylaminosulfonyl)carbamoyl)-3H-imidazo4,5-bpyridine,
5-((1-butylaminosulfonyl)carbamoyl)-3-(2-chloro-4-ethoxybenzyl)-2-methyl-3H-imidazo4,5-bpyridine,
3-(2-chloro-4-(1-propoxy)benzyl)-2-methyl-5-(1-pentanesulfonylcarbamoyl)-3H-imidazo4,5-bpyridine,
5-(1-butanesulfonylcarbamoyl)-3-(2-chloro-4-(1-propoxy)benzyl)-2-methyl-3H-imidazo4,5-bpyridine,
3-(2-chloro-4-isopropoxybenzyl)-2-methyl-5-(1-pentanesulfonylcarbamoyl)-3H-imidazo4,5-bpyridine,
5-(1-butanesulfonylcarbamoyl)-3-(2-chloro-4-isopropoxybenzyl)-2-methyl-3H-imidazo4,5-bpyridine,
3-(2-chloro-4-isopropoxybenzyl)-2-methyl-5-(4-methylbenzene)sulfonylcarbamoyl-3H-imidazo4,5-bpyridine,
3-(2-chloro-4-(1-butoxy)benzyl)-2-methyl-5-(1-pentanesulfonylcarbamoyl)-3H-imidazo4,5-bpyridine,
5-(1-butanesulfonylcarbamoyl)-3-(2-chloro-4-(1-butoxy)benzyl)-2-methyl-3H-imidazo4,5-bpyridine,
3-(2-chloro-4-(1-butoxy)benzyl)-2-methyl-5-(4-methylbenzene)sulfonylcarbamoyl-3H-imidazo4,5-bpyridine,
3-(2-chloro-4-(1-pentyloxy)benzyl)-2-methyl-5-(1-pentanesulfonylcarbamoyl)-3H-imidazo4,5-bpyridine,
5-(1-butanesulfonylcarbamoyl)-3-(2-chloro-4-(1-pentyloxy)benzyl)-2-methyl-3H-imidazo4,5-bpyridine,
3-(2-chloro-4-(1-pentyloxy)benzyl)-2-methyl-5-((E)-(2-phenylethene)sulfonylcarbamoyl)-3H-imidazo4,5-bpyridine,
5-(5-bromothiophen-2-yl)sulfonylcarbamoyl-3-2-chloro-4-(1-pentyloxy)benzyl-2-methyl-3H-imidazo4,5-bpyridine,
3-2-chloro-4-(1-pentyloxy)benzyl-2-methyl-5-(5-chlorothiophen-2-yl)sulfonylcarbamoyl-3H-imidazo4,5-bpyridine,
5-((1-propylaminosulfonyl)carbamoyl)-3-(2-chloro-4-(1-pentyloxy)benzyl)-2-methyl-3H-imidazo4,5-bpyridine,
5-((1-butylaminosulfonyl)carbamoyl)-3-(2-chloro-4-(1-pentyloxy)benzyl)-2-methyl-3H-imidazo4,5-bpyridine,
3-(2-chloro-4-((cyclopentylmethyl)oxy)benzyl)-2-methyl-5-(1-pentanesulfonylcarbamoyl)-3H-imidazo4,5-bpyridine,
5-(1-butanesulfonylcarbamoyl)-3-(2-chloro-4 ((cyclopentylmethyl)oxy)benzyl)-2-methyl-3H-imidazo4,5-bpyridine,
3-(2-chloro-4-ethoxybenzyl)-2-ethyl-5-(1-pentanesulfonylcarbamoyl)-3H-imidazo4,5-bpyridine,
3-(2-chloro-4-ethoxybenzyl)-2-ethyl-5-(4-methylbenzene)sulfonylcarbamoyl-3H-imidazo4,5-bpyridine,
3-(2-chloro-4-(1-propoxy)benzyl)-2-ethyl-5- (1-pentanesulfonylcarbamoyl)-3H-imidazo4,5-bpyridine,
3-(2-chloro-4-(1-propoxy)benzyl)-2-ethyl-5-(4-methylbenzene)sulfonylcarbamoyl-3H-imidazo4,5-bpyridine,
3-(2-chloro-4-(1-pentyloxy)benzyl)-2-ethyl-5-(1-pentanesulfonylcarbamoyl)-3H-imidazo4,5-bpyridine,
3-(2-chloro-4-(1-pentyloxy)benzyl)-2-ethyl-5-(4-methylbenzene)sulfonylcarbamoyl-3H-imidazo4,5-bpyridine,
3-(2-chloro-4-(1-propoxy)benzyl)-2,7-dimethyl-5-(1-pentanesulfonylcarbamoyl)-3H-imidazo4,5-bpyridine,
5-(1-butanesulfonylcarbamoyl)-3-2-chloro-4-(1-propoxy)benzyl-2,7-dimethyl-3H-imidazo4,5-bpyridine,
3-(2-chloro-4-(1-propoxy)benzyl)-2,7-dimethyl-5-(4-methylbenzene)sulfonylcarbamoyl-3H-imidazo4,5-bpyridine,
3-2-chloro-4-(1-pentyloxy)benzyl-2,7-dimethyl-5-(1-pentanesulfonylcarbamoyl)-3H-imidazo4,5-bpyridine,
5-(1-butanesulfonylcarbamoyl)-3-2-chloro-4-(1-pentyloxy)benzyl-2,7-dimethyl-3H-imidazo4,5-bpyridine,
3-2-chloro-4-(1-pentyloxy)benzyl-2,7-dimethyl-5-(4-methylbenzene)sulfonylcarbamoyl-3H-imidazo4,5-bpyridine,
3-(2-chloro-4-(methylamino)benzyl)-2-methyl-5-(1-pentanesulfonylcarbamoyl)-3H-imidazo4,5-bpyridine,
3-(2-chloro-4-(ethylmethylamino)benzyl)-2-methyl-5-(1-pentanesulfonylcarbamoyl)-3H-imidazo4,5-bpyridine,
3-(2-chloro-4-(methyl-(1-propyl)amino)benzyl)-2-methyl-5-(1-pentanesulfonylcarbamoyl)-3H-imidazo4,5-bpyridine,
3-(4-((1-butyl)methylamino)-2-chlorobenzyl)-2-methyl-5-(1-pentanesulfonylcarbamoyl)-3H-imidazo4,5-bpyridine,
3-(2-chloro-4-(methylamino)benzyl)-2-methyl-5-((4-methylbenzene)sulfonylcarbamoyl)-3H-imidazo4,5-bpyridine,
3-(2-chloro-4-(dimethylamino)benzyl)-2-methyl-5-((4-methylbenzene)sulfonylcarbamoyl)-3H-imidazo4,5-bpyridine,
3-(2-chloro-4-(ethylmethylamino)benzyl)-2-methyl-5-((4-methylbenzene)sulfonylcarbamoyl)-3H-imidazo4,5-bpyridine,
3-(2-chloro-4-(methyl-(1-propyl)amino)benzyl)-2-methyl-5-((4-methylbenzene)sulfonylcarbamoyl)-3H-imidazo4,5-bpyridine,
3-(2-chloro-4-((1-butyl)methylamino)benzyl)-2-methyl-5-((4-methylbenzene)sulfonylcarbamoyl)-3H-imidazo4,5-bpyridine,
3-(2-chloro-4-(methyl-(1-pentyl)amino)benzyl)-2-methyl-5-(1-pentanesulfonylcarbamoyl)-3H-imidazo4,5-bpyridine,
3-(2-chloro-4-(N-(cyclohexylmethyl)methylamino)benzyl)-2-methyl-5-(1-pentanesulfonylcarbamoyl)-3H-imidazo4,5-bpyridine,
3-(2-chloro-4-(N-(cyclohexylmethyl)methylamino)benzyl)-2-methyl-5-((4-methylbenzene)sulfonylcarbamoyl)-3H-imidazo4,5-bpyridine,
3-(4-bromo-2-chlorobenzyl)-2,7-dimethyl)-5-(4-methylbenzene)sulfonylcarbamoyl-3H-imidazo4,5-bpyridine,
3-(2-chloro-4-(ethylmethylamino)benzyl)-2,7-dimethyl-5-(4-methylbenzene)sulfonylcarbamoyl-3H-imidazo4,5-bpyridine,
3-(3-chloro-5-trifluoromethyl)-2-pyridyl)methyl-2-methyl-5-(1-pentanesulfonylcarbamoyl)-3H-imidazo4,5-bpyridine,
3-(3-chloro-5-(trifluoromethyl)-2-pyridyl)methyl-2-methyl-5-(4-methylbenzene)sulfonylcarbamoyl-3H-imidazo4,5-bpyridine,
3-(2-chloro-4-phenylbenzyl)-2-ethoxy-5-(1-pentanesulfonylcarbamoyl)-3H-imidazo4,5-bpyridine,
3-(2-chloro-4-phenylbenzyl)-2-methyl-5-(1-propylaminosulfonyl)carbamoyl-3H-imidazo4,5-bpyridine,
3-(3-chloro-5-(trifluoromethyl)-2-pyridyl)methyl-2,7-dimethyl-5-(4-methylbenzene)sulfonylcarbamoyl-3H-imidazo4,5-bpyridine,
3-(2,6-dichloro-3-pyridyl)methyl-2-methyl-5-(1-pentanesulfonylcarbamoyl)-3H-imidazo4,5-bpyridine,
3-(2,6-dichloro-3-pyridyl)methyl-2-methyl-5-(4-methylbenzene)sulfonylcarbamoyl-3-H-imidazo4,5-bpyridine,
3-(2-chloro-4-(methyl(pivaloyl)amino)benzyl)-2-methyl-5-(1-pentanesulfonylcarbamoyl)-3H-imidazo4,5-bpyridine,
5-(1-butanesulfonylcarbamoyl)-3-(2-chloro-4-(1-pentyloxy)benzyl)-2-ethyl-3H-imidazo4,5-bpyridine,
5-(1-butanesulfonylcarbamoyl)-3-(2-chloro-4-(cyclohexylmethyloxy)benzyl)-2-ethyl-3H-imidazo4,5-bpyridine,
3-(2-chloro-4-(cyclohexylmethyloxy)benzyl)-2-ethyl-5-(1-pentanesulfonylcarbamoyl)-3H-imidazo4,5-bpyridine,
3-(2-chloro-4-(ethylamino)benzyl)-2-methyl-5-((4-methylbenzene)sulfonylcarbamoyl)-3H-imidazo4,5-bpyridine,
3-(2-chloro-4-(N,N-diethylamino)benzyl)-2-methyl-5-((4-methylbenzene)sulfonylcarbamoyl)-3H-imidazo4,5-bpyridine,
3-(2-chloro-4-(N-ethyl-N-(1-pentyl)amino)benzyl)-2-methyl-5-((4-methylbenzene)sulfonylcarbamoyl)-3H-imidazo4,5-bpyridine,
3-(2-chloro-4-(methylamino)benzyl)-2,7-dimethyl-5-((4-methylbenzene)sulfonylcarbamoyl)-3H-imidazo4,5-bpyridine,
3-(2-chloro-4-(N-methyl-N-propylamino)benzyl)-2,7-dimethyl-5-((4-methylbenzene)sulfonylcarbamoyl)-3H-imidazo4,5-bpyridine,
3-2-chloro-4-(cyclohexylmethyloxy)benzyl-2-methyl-5-(1-pentanesulfonylcarbamoyl)-3H-imidazo4,5-bpyridine sodium salt,
3-(2,4-dichloro-5-nitrobenzyl)-2-methyl-5-(1-pentanesulfonylcarbamoyl)-3H-imidazo4,5-bpyridine,
3-(2,4-dichloro-5-nitrobenzyl)-2-methyl-5-(4-methylbenzene)sulfonylcarbamoyl-3H-imidazo4,5-bpyridine,
3-2,4-dichloro-5-(N,N-dimethylamino)benzyl-2-methyl-5-(1-pentanesulfonylcarbamoyl)-3H-imidazo4,5-bpyridine,
3-2,4-dichloro-5-(N,N-dimethylamino)benzyl-2-methyl-5-(4-methylbenzene)sulfonylcarbamoyl-3H-imidazo4,5-bpyridine,
3-(4-(N-(1-butanesulfonyl)-N-methylamino)-2-chlorobenzyl)-2-methyl-5-((4-methylbenzene)sulfonylcarbamoyl)-3H-imidazo4,5-bpyridine,
3-(2-chloro-4-(N-valerylamino)benzyl)-2-methyl-5-(4-methylbenzene)sulfonylcarbamoyl-3H-imidazo4,5-bpyridine,
3-(4-(N-(1-butanesulfonyl)amino)-2-chlorobenzyl)-2-methyl-5-(4-methylbenzene)sulfonylcarbamoyl-3H-imidazo4,5-bpyridine,
3-(2-chloro-4-(N-(t-butylacetyl)amino)benzyl)-2-methyl-5-(4-methylbenzene)sulfonylcarbamoyl-3H-imidazo4,5-bpyridine,
3-(4-amino-2-chlorobenzyl)-2-methyl-5-(1-pentanesulfonylcarbamoyl)-3H-imidazo4,5-bpyridine,
3-(4-amino-2-chlorobenzyl)-5-(1-butanesulfonylcarbamoyl)-2-methyl-3H-imidazo4,5-bpyridine,
3-(4-amino-2-chlorobenzyl)-2-methyl-5-((E)-1-penten-1-ylsulfonylcarbamoyl)-3H-imidazo4,5-bpyridine,
3-(2-chloro-4-(3-(1-propyl)ureido)benzyl)-2-methyl-5-(4-methylbenzene)sulfonylcarbamoyl-3H-imidazo4,5-bpyridine,
3-(4-(1-methyl-3-(1-propyl)ureido)-2-chlorobenzyl)-2-methyl-5-((4-methylbenzene)sulfonylcarbamoyl)-3H-imidazo4,5-bpyridine,
3-(2-chloro-4-(2-oxo-1-pyrrolidinyl)benzyl)-2-methyl-5-((4-methylbenzene)sulfonylcarbamoyl)-3H-imidazo4,5-bpyridine,
3-(2-chloro-4-(2-oxo-1,3-oxazolidin-3-yl)benzyl)-2-methyl-5-((4-methylbenzene)sulfonylcarbamoyl)-3H-imidazo4,5-bpyridine,
3-(2-chloro-4-(((2-(4-methylbenzene)sulfonylcarbamoyloxy)-ethyl)amino)benzyl)-2-methyl-5-((4-methylbenzene)sulfonyl-carbamoyl)-3H-imidazo4,5-bpyridine,
3-(4-chloro-1,2-dimethyl-1H-benzimidazol-5-yl)methyl-2-methyl-5-(1-pentanesulfonylcarbamoyl)-3H-imidazo4,5-bpyridine,
3-(4-chloro-1,2-dimethyl-1H-benzimidazol-5-yl)methyl-2-methyl-5-(4-methylbenzene)sulfonylcarbamoyl-3H-imidazo4,5-bpyridine,
3-((6-chloro-1,2-dimethyl-1H-benzimidazol-5-yl)methyl)-2-methyl-5-((4-methylbenzene)sulfonylcarbamoyl)-3H-imidazo4,5-bpyridine,
3-(3,5-dichloropyridin-2-yl)methyl-2-methyl-5-(1-pentanesulfonylcarbamoyl)-3H-imidazo4,5-bpyridine,
3-(3,5-dichloropyridin-2-yl)methyl-2-methyl-5-(4-methylbenzene)sulfonylcarbamoyl-3H-imidazo4,5-bpyridine,
3-((3,5-dichloropyridin-2-yl)methyl)-2,7-dimethyl-5-((4-methylbenzenesulfonyl)carbamoyl)-3H-imidazo4,5-bpyridine,
3-((3,5-dichloropyridin-2-yl)methyl)-2,7-dimethyl-5-(((E)-2-phenylethenesulfonyl)carbamoyl)-3H-imidazo4,5-bpyridine,
3-(2-chloro-6-phenylpyridin-3-yl)methyl-2-methyl-5-(1-pentanesulfonylcarbamoyl)-3H-imidazo4,5-bpyridine,
3-(2-chloro-6-phenylpyridin-3-yl)methyl-2-methyl-5-(4-methylbenzene)sulfonylcarbamoyl-3H-imidazo4,5-bpyridine,
3-((2,4-dichloropyridin-5-yl)methyl)-2-methyl-5-(1-pentanesulfonylcarbamoyl)-3H-imidazo4,5-bpyridine,
3-((2,4-dichloropyridin-5-yl)methyl)-2-methyl-5-((4-methylbenzene)sulfonylcarbamoyl)-3H-imidazo4,5-bpyridine,
3-(2-chloro-4-(phenylethynyl)benzyl)-2,7-dimethyl-5-(1-pentanesulfonylcarbamoyl)-3H-imidazo4,5-bpyridine sodium salt,
3-2-chloro-4-(5-chlorothiophen-2-yl)benzyl-2-methyl-5-(1-pentanesulfonylcarbamoyl)-3H-imidazo4,5-bpyridine sodium salt,
3-(2-chloro-4-(phenylethynyl)benzyl)-2,7-dimethyl-5-(4-methylbenzene)sulfonylcarbamoyl-3H-imidazo4,5-bpyridine sodium salt,
5-(5-bromothiophen-2-yl)sulfonylcarbamoyl-3-(2-chloro-4-phenylbenzyl)-2,7-dimethyl-3H-imidazo4,5-bpyridine sodium salt, or
3-2-chloro-4-(1-pentyloxy)benzyl-2-methyl-5-(4-methylbenzene)sulfonylcarbamoyl-3H-imidazo4,5-bpyridine sodium salt;
or a salt, solvate, or hydrate thereof.
11. The sulfonamide compound of claim 1, which is:
3-(2-chloro-4-(1-propoxy)benzyl)-2,7-dimethyl-5-(4-methylbenzene)sulfonylcarbamoyl-3H-imidazo4,5-bpyridine,
3-(3-chloro-5-(trifluoromethyl)-2-pyridyl)methyl-2-methyl-5-(4-methylbenzene)sulfonylcarbamoyl-3H-imidazo4,5-bpyridine,
3-(3,5-dichloropyridin-2-yl)methyl-2-methyl-5-(4-methylbenzene)sulfonylcarbamoyl-3H-imidazo4,5-bpyridine,
3-(2-chloro-6-phenylpyridin-3-yl)methyl-2-methyl-5-(4-methylbenzene)sulfonylcarbamoyl-3H-imidazo4,5-bpyridine,
3-2-chloro-4-(5-chlorothiophen-2-yl)benzyl-2-methyl-5-(1-pentanesulfonylcarbamoyl)-3H-imidazo4,5-bpyridine, or
3-(2-chloro-4-(phenylethynyl)benzyl)-2,7-dimethyl-5-(4-methylbenzene)sulfonylcarbamoyl-3H-imidazo4,5-bpyridine sodium salt;
or a salt, solvate, or hydrate thereof.
12. The sulfonamide compound of claim 1 that is an alkali metal salt.
13. The sulfonamide compound of claim 1 that is an alkaline earth metal salt.
14. The sulfonamide compound claim 1 that is an inorganic base salt.
15. The sulfonamide compound of claim 1 that is an ammonium salt.
16. The sulfonamide compound of claim 1 that is an organic amine salt.
17. The sulfonamide compound of claim 1 that is an inorganic acid salt.
18. The sulfonamide compound of claim 1 that is an organic acid salt.
19. The sulfonamide compound of claim 1 that is an organic carboxylic acid salt.
20. The sulfonamide compound of claim 1 that is a sulfonic acid salt.
21. The sulfonamide compound of claim 1 that is an amino acid salt.
22. The sulfonamide compound of claim 1 that is a solvate.
23. The sulfonamide compound of claim 1 that is a hydrate.
24. The sulfonamide compound of claim 1 that is an ethanol solvate.
25. A composition comprising the sulfonamide compound of claim 1 or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, solvate, or hydrate thereof.
26. A pharmaceutical preparation or therapeutic agent comprising the sulfonamide compound of claim 1 and a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient or carrier.
27. The pharmaceutical preparation or therapeutic agent of claim 26 that comprises one or more adjuvant(s), auxiliary substance(s), stabilizer(s), moistening agent(s), emulsifier(s), or buffering agent(s).
28. The pharmaceutical preparation or therapeutic agent of claim 26 in the form of a capsule, tablet, sugar-coated tablet, or granule.
29. The pharmaceutical preparation or therapeutic agent of claim 26 in the form of a suppository, gel or ointment.
30. The pharmaceutical preparation or therapeutic agent of claim 26 in the form of a liquid.
31. The pharmaceutical preparation or therapeutic agent of claim 26 in the form of a suspension, emulsion or lotion.
32. The pharmaceutical preparation or therapeutic agent of claim 26 in a unit dose ranging from about 0.1 mg to about 1000 mg.
33. A method for making the pharmaceutical preparation or therapeutic agent of claim 26 comprising admixing said sulfonamide compound or a salt or solvate thereof, with a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient or carrier.
34. A method for the treatment of a disease or disorder selected from the group consisting of diabetes and gestational diabetes
comprising administering to a mammal in need thereof an effective amount of the sulfonamide compound of claim 1 or a salt, solvate, or hydrate thereof.
35. The method of claim 34 comprising administering to said mammal a daily dose of said sulfonamide compound ranging from 0.1 to 1000 mg.
36. A method for reducing blood sugar level in a mammal comprising administering to said mammal an therapeutically effective amount of the sulfonamide compound of claim 1 or a salt, solvate or hydrate thereof.
37. The method of claim 36 that comprises treating a human in need of a reduced blood sugar level.
38. The method of claim 36 that comprises administering a daily dose of said sulfonamide compound to said mammal ranging from about 0.1 mg to about 1000 mg.
39. A method for producing the sulfonamide compound of formula (I) of claim 1 or a salt, solvate or hydrate thereof, comprising:
reacting a compound of formula (II):
wherein
R1 an aryl or an unsaturated 5- or 6-membered heteromonocyclic group having 1 to 4 nitrogen atom(s), substituted by at least one substituent selected from the group consisting of (1) unsubstituted aryl, (2) pyrrolyl, pyrrolidinyl, oxazolidinyl, thienyl, or furanyl, each of which may be optionally substituted by oxo or halogen, (3) halogen, (4) halo(lower)alkyl, (5) lower alkoxy optionally substituted by cyclo(lower)alkyl, (6) amino optionally substituted by at least one substituent selected from the group consisting of lower alkyl optionally substituted by cyclo(lower)alkyl, protected carboxy, acyl, lower alkylcarbamoyl, and lower alkanesulfonyl, (7) nitro and (8) lower alkynyl optionally substituted by aryl,
R2 is a lower alkyl or lower alkoxy,
R3 is hydrogen or lower alkyl, and
A is a lower alkylene,
\u2003or reactive derivative at the carboxy thereof or a salt thereof,
\u2003with a compound of formula (III):
R4\u2014SO2NH2\u2003\u2003(III)
\u2003wherein
R4 is a lower alkenyl optionally substituted by aryl or an unsaturated 5- or 6-membered heteromonocyclic group having 1 to 4 nitrogen atom(s), aryl optionally substituted by carboxy or protected carboxy, lower alkyl optionally substituted by acyloxy, amino optionally substituted by lower alkyl, or unsaturated 5- or 6-membered heteromonocyclic group having one sulfur atom or one oxygen atom optionally substituted by halogen,
\u2003with the proviso that A is not methylene and R1 is not:
\u2003wherein X is halogen, Y is C or N, and R5 is pyrrolyl, furyl, or amino substituted by protected carboxy and optionally substituted by lower alkyl.
The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.

1. A suspension apparatus for use in a vehicle including a body, a body-side member, a wheel, and a wheel-side member, the apparatus comprising:
a hydraulic suspension device which is adapted to be provided between the body-side member and the wheel-side member;
a first accumulator which is connected to the hydraulic suspension device via a liquid passage and which allows a hydraulic liquid to flow from the liquid passage into the first accumulator when a pressure of the hydraulic liquid in the liquid passage exceeds a first pre-set liquid pressure, the liquid passage including a first portion which is located between an intermediate point thereof and the hydraulic suspension device, and a second portion which is located between the intermediate point thereof and the first accumulator; and
a second accumulator which is connected, via a connection passage shorter than the second portion of the liquid passage, to the intermediate point of the liquid passage and which allows the hydraulic liquid to flow from the liquid passage into the second accumulator when the pressure of the hydraulic liquid in the liquid passage exceeds a second pre-set liquid pressure higher than the first pre-set liquid pressure.
2. The suspension apparatus according to claim 1, wherein each of the first and second accumulators accommodates an elastic body whose elastic deformation allows the hydraulic liquid to flow into said each of the first and second accumulators, and wherein the first accumulator has, as a first initial liquid pressure thereof, a lowest permission liquid pressure that permits the hydraulic liquid to flow thereinto, and the second accumulator has, as a second initial liquid pressure thereof, a lowest permission liquid pressure that permits the hydraulic liquid to flow thereinto and is higher than the first initial liquid pressure.
3. The suspension apparatus according to claim 1, wherein each of the first and second accumulators includes a housing; and a partition member which separates an inner space of the housing into two portions one of which provides a hydraulic chamber filled with the hydraulic liquid and an other of which accommodates an elastic body elastically pressing, via the partition member, the hydraulic liquid filling the hydraulic chamber.
4. The suspension apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising a switchable valve which is provided between the liquid passage and the second accumulator and which is switchable from a closed state thereof to an open state thereof when the pressure of the hydraulic liquid in the liquid passage exceeds the second pre-set liquid pressure.
5. The suspension apparatus according to claim 4, wherein the switchable valve comprises a solenoid-operated valve which is switchable from a closed state thereof to an open state thereof when the pressure of the hydraulic liquid in the liquid passage exceeds the second pre-set liquid pressure.
6. The suspension apparatus according to claim 4, wherein the switchable valve comprises a relief valve which is switchable from a closed state thereof to an open state thereof when a difference of the pressure of the hydraulic liquid in the liquid passage and the pressure of the hydraulic liquid in the connection passage exceeds a reference pressure.
7. The suspension apparatus according to claim 1, wherein a length of the connection passage is not more than a pre-determined value.
8. The suspension apparatus according to claim 1, wherein each of the first and second accumulators includes a housing; and a partition member which separates an inner space of the housing into two chambers one of which is located on a side of a corresponding one of the liquid passage and the connection passage and provides a hydraulic chamber filled with the hydraulic liquid and an other of which is located opposite to the hydraulic chamber and provides a spring chamber elastically pressing, via the partition member, the hydraulic liquid filling the hydraulic chamber.
9. The suspension apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the hydraulic suspension device includes a cylindrical housing which is adapted to be connected to one of the body-side member and the wheel-side member; a piston which separates an inner space of the housing into two hydraulic chambers each of which is filled with the hydraulic liquid and one of which communicates with the liquid passage, wherein the piston has a restrictor passage which connects between the two hydraulic chambers; and a piston rod which is connected, at one of opposite ends thereof, to the piston and is adapted to be connected, at an other of the opposite ends thereof, to an other of the body-side member and the wheel-side member.

1. A light-restricting device for a photographic flash comprising: a neoprene tube with sufficient stiffness to hold a hollow form with round openings and sufficient elasticity to allow a partially rolled configuration, to produce an adjustably restrictive light-beam projection; said tube further including a light colored surface and a dark colored surface on each broad reversible side of said tube, with the light colored surface reflecting gradual light fall-off of a projected beam from the flash, and the dark colored surface absorbing light to produce a confined projected beam from the flash; and said tube further including a silicone band around the circumference, near one end, of the tube, to work with the elasticity of the tube to grip the photographic flash.

The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.

1. An abrasive article comprising:
a backing plate having a first major surface and a second major surface opposite the first major surface, wherein the backing plate is generally circular, wherein the backing plate includes a central aperture extending therethrough, wherein the backing plate comprises a thermoplastic binder material and fibrous reinforcing material; and wherein the article is a flap disc,
an abrasive layer secured to the first major surface of the backing plate; and
a fastener press fitted to the backing plate so as to be concentric with the central aperture, wherein the fastener includes a plurality of penetrating members and further wherein each penetrating member pierces the backing plate from the grinding surface side.
2. An abrasive article comprising:
a backing plate having a first major surface and a second major surface opposite the first major surface, wherein the backing plate is generally circular, wherein the backing plate includes a central aperture extending therethrough, wherein the backing plate comprises a thermoplastic binder material and fibrous reinforcing material;
an abrasive layer secured to the first major surface of the backing plate; and
a fastener press fitted to the backing plate so as to be concentric with the central aperture, wherein the fastener includes a plurality of penetrating members and further wherein each penetrating member pierces the backing plate from the grinding surface side, wherein the fastener is shaped to form a Tinnerman nut.
3. An abrasive article comprising:
a backing plate having a first major surface and a second major surface opposite the first major surface, wherein the backing plate is generally circular, wherein the backing plate includes a central aperture extending therethrough, wherein the backing plate comprises a thermoplastic binder material and fibrous reinforcing material;
an abrasive layer secured to the first major surface of the backing plate; and
a fastener press fitted to the backing plate so as to be concentric with the central aperture, wherein the fastener includes a plurality of penetrating members and further wherein each penetrating member pierces the backing plate from the grinding surface side, wherein the fastener is shaped to form a Grit-lock nut.
4. A method of making an abrasive article comprising:
applying adhesive to a backing plate having a central aperture, wherein the backing plate comprises a thermoplastic binder material and fibrous reinforcing material;
disposing abrasive material onto the adhesive, wherein the abrasive material is selected from a coated, non-woven, or bonded abrasive;
disposing the backing plate onto a jig;
disposing a fastener having tines so as to be concentric with the central aperture; and
pushing the tines through the backing plate and folding the tines so as to fixably attach the fastener to the backing plate.
5. The method of claim 4 wherein the abrasive material further comprises a substrate and a plurality of abrasive particles secured to the substrate by a binder.
6. A method of abrading a surface, said method comprising:
providing an abrasive article comprising:
a backing plate having a first major surface and a second, major surface opposite the first major surface, wherein the backing plate includes a central aperture extending therethrough, and wherein the backing plate comprises a thermoplastic binder material and fibrous reinforcing material;

an abrasive layer secured to the first major surface of the backing plate, wherein the abrasive layer comprises a substrate and a plurality of abrasive particles secured to the substrate by a binder; and
a fastener press fitted to the backing plate so as to be concentric with the central aperture, wherein the fastener includes a plurality of penetrating members and further wherein each penetrating member pierces the backing plate from the grinding surface side;
attaching the abrasive article to a shaft through the central aperture of the abrasive article;
contacting at least a portion of the abrasive layer with a surface of a workpiece; and
moving the abrasive article relative to the surface of the workpiece such that at least a portion of the workpiece is abraded by at least a portion of the abrasive layer.
7. The method according to claim 6 wherein the backing plate is generally circular.
8. The method of claim 6, further comprising:
providing a back up pad mounted to a tool shaft;
wherein the step of attaching the abrasive article to a shaft includes attaching the abrasive article to the shaft adjacent the back up pad.
9. The method of claim 6, wherein the abrasive layer is made of an abrasive material selected from a coated, non-woven, or bonded abrasive.
10. An abrasive article comprising:
a backing plate having a first major surface and a second major surface opposite the first major surface, wherein the backing plate includes a central aperture extending therethrough, and wherein the backing plate comprises a thermoplastic binder material and fibrous reinforcing material;
an abrasive layer secured to the first major surface of the backing plate, wherein the abrasive layer comprises a substrate and a plurality of abrasive particles secured to the substrate by a binder; and
a fastener press fitted to the backing plate so as to be concentric with the central aperture, wherein the fastener includes a plurality of penetrating members and further wherein each penetrating member pierces the backing plate from the grinding surface side.
11. The abrasive article of claim 10, wherein the backing plate is generally circular.
12. The abrasive article of claim 11, wherein the thermoplastic binder material includes polyamide.
13. The abrasive article of claim 11, wherein the thermoplastic binder material includes polyester.
14. The abrasive article of claim 11, wherein the fibrous reinforcing material comprises glass fibers.
15. The abrasive article of claim 11, wherein backing plate is further comprised of glass-filled nylon.
16. The abrasive article of claim 11, wherein the backing plate has a thickness of from about 0.51 mm to about 1.78 mm.
17. The abrasive article of claim 11, wherein the backing plate has a thickness of from about 1.02 mm to about 1.40 mm.
18. The abrasive article of claim 11, wherein the backing plate has a thickness of about 1.27 mm.
19. The abrasive article of claim 11, further comprising adhesive disposed between the abrasive layer and the first major surface of the backing plate.
20. The abrasive article of claim 11, wherein the fastener is a quick-change type.
21. The abrasive article of claim 11, wherein the abrasive layer is made of a non-woven abrasive forming a raised annulus.