Author: claimsbot

1. A digital speaker system driving a digital speaker having s pairs of digital input terminals, comprising:
a \u0394\u03a3 modulator which modulates a digital input signal and outputs an n bit digital signal;
a post filter which is connected to the \u0394\u03a3 modulator and outputs an m bit digital signal obtained by miss-match shaping the n bit digital signal;
s number of driving circuits each of which corresponds to one of the s pairs of digital input terminals and to each of which one part of the m bit digital signal is input and each of which outputs a digital signal; and
a power circuit which supplies power to the \u0394\u03a3 modulator, the post filter, and the s number of driving circuits;
wherein each of s number of driving circuits has a first output circuit connected to a first input terminal of a corresponding digital input terminal and a second output circuit connected to a second input terminal which forms a pair with the first input terminal of a corresponding digital input terminal; and
wherein the driving circuit has at least three states of digital signal output according to the combination of a first digital signal input to the first output circuit and a second digital signal input to the second output circuit.
2. The digital speaker driving apparatus according to claim 1, wherein a digital signal which is input to the \u0394\u03a3 modulator is obtained from one bit input signal to p bit by serialparallel conversion and by oversampling to signals of bits the number of which is larger than n and p.
3. The digital speaker driving apparatus according to claim 1,
wherein the driving circuit is in a state in which the voltage of the first input terminal and the voltage of the second input terminal become equal when the first digital signal and the second digital signal are the same.
4. The digital speaker driving apparatus according to claim 3,
wherein each of the first output circuit and the second output circuit includes a first source transistor and a first sink transistor which are connected in series with the first digital signal which is input, and a second source transistor and a second sink transistor which are connected in series with the second digital signal which is input, wherein a connection point between the first source transistor and the first sink transistor and a connection point between the second source transistor and the second sink transistor form an H bridge circuit which is connected to a corresponding digital signal terminal.
5. The digital speaker driving apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising a peak detector which calculates an amplitude of audio represented by the digital input signal,
wherein the post filter controls the number of bits of an output digital signal according to the amplitude calculated by the peak detector.
6. The digital speaker driving apparatus according to claim 5, wherein the post filter outputs a digital signal with fewer bits the lower the amplitude calculated by the peak detector.
7. The digital speaker driving apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising:
a digital attenuator which adjusts the volume of the digital speaker by performing a predetermined calculation process on the digital input signal and inputting the signal to the \u0394\u03a3 modulator.
8. The digital speaker driving apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the \u0394\u03a3 modulator, the post filter, and the s number of driving circuits are formed on a single semiconductor or are sealed in a single package.
9. The digital speaker driving apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the power circuit supplies a variable voltage to the s number of driving circuits so that amplitudes of outputs of digital signals of the s number of driving circuits are adjusted.
10. The digital speaker driving apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the power circuit is controlled according to the digital input signal.
11. A digital speaker driving apparatus driving a plurality of digital speakers each having s number of digital signal terminals, the apparatus comprising:
a \u0394\u03a3 modulator which modulates a digital input signal and outputs an n bit digital signal;
a post filter which is connected to the \u0394\u03a3 modulator and outputs an m bit digital signal obtained by miss-match shaping the n bit digital signal;
a digital delay control circuits which delays the m bit digital signal and outputs the delayed m bit digital signal;
s number of driving circuits to each of which a part of the delayed m bit digital signal is input and each of which outputs a digital signal;
a power circuit which supplies power to the \u0394\u03a3 modulator, the post filter, and the s number of driving circuits; and
a sensor which senses information related to a person or an object which exists in a periphery;
wherein a delay time period of the digital delay control circuit is controlled according to a control signal generated based on the information sensed by the sensor, and the directionality of audio played back by the plurality of digital speakers is controlled to a direction or position of the person or the object detected by the sensor.
12. The digital speaker driving apparatus according to claim 11, wherein the sensor is a camera or an infra read sensor which photographs a periphery image.
13. The digital speaker driving apparatus according to claim 11, wherein the sensor is an ultrasound sensor.
14. The digital speaker driving apparatus according to claim 13, wherein all or one part of the plurality of digital speakers generate ultrasound detected by the sensor.
15. The digital speaker driving apparatus according to claim 11, further comprising:
a digital attenuator which adjusts the volume of the digital speaker by performing a predetermined calculation process on the digital input signal and inputting the signal to the \u0394\u03a3 modulator.
16. The digital speaker driving apparatus according to claim 11, wherein the \u0394\u03a3 modulator, the post filter, and the s number of driving circuits are formed on a single semiconductor or are sealed in a single package.
17. The digital speaker driving apparatus according to claim 11, wherein the power circuit supplies a variable voltage to the s number of driving circuits so that amplitudes of outputs of digital signals of the s number of driving circuits are adjusted.
18. The digital speaker driving apparatus according to claim 11, wherein the power circuit is controlled according to the digital input signal.
19. A digital speaker driving apparatus driving a digital speaker having s number of digital signal terminals, comprising:
a \u0394\u03a3 modulator which modulates a digital input signal and outputs an n bit digital signal;
a post filter which is connected to the \u0394\u03a3 modulator and outputs an m bit digital signal obtained by miss-match shaping the n bit digital signal;
a digital delay control circuit which delays the m bit digital signal and outputs the delayed m bit digital signal;
s number driving circuits to each of which a part of the delayed m bit digital signal is input and each of which outputs a digital signal;
a power circuit which supplies power to the \u0394\u03a3 modulator, the post filter, and the s number of driving circuits; and
a microphone which detects a sound in a periphery,
wherein an audio of an opposite phase to the sound detected by the microphone is generated by the digital speaker.
20. The digital speaker driving apparatus according to claim 19, further comprising another digital speaker,
wherein the digital delay control circuit outputs m bit digital signal which is delayed for each digital speaker by controlling the delay time period of the m bit digital signal input.
21. The digital speaker driving apparatus according to claim 19, further comprising:
a digital attenuator which adjusts the volume of the digital speaker by performing a predetermined calculation process on the digital input signal and inputting the signal to the \u0394\u03a3 modulator.
22. The digital speaker driving apparatus according to claim 19, wherein the \u0394\u03a3 modulator, the post filter, and the s number of driving circuits are formed on a single semiconductor or are sealed in a single package.
23. The digital speaker driving apparatus according to claim 19, wherein the power circuit supplies a variable voltage to the s number of driving circuits so that amplitudes of outputs of digital signals of the s number of driving circuits are adjusted.
24. The digital speaker driving apparatus according to claim 19, wherein the power circuit is controlled according to the digital input signal.
25. A digital speaker apparatus driving a digital speaker having s number digital signal terminals, comprising:
a \u0394\u03a3 modulator which modulates a digital input signal and outputs an n bit digital signal;
a post filter which is connected to the \u0394\u03a3 modulator and outputs an m bit digital signal obtained by miss-match shaping the n bit digital signal;
a digital delay control circuit which delays the m bit digital signal and outputs the delayed m bit digital signal;
s number of driving circuits to each of which one part of the m bit digital signal is input and each of which outputs a digital signal; and
a power circuit which supplies power to the \u0394\u03a3 modulator, the post filter, and the s number of driving circuits,
wherein a delay time period of the digital delay control circuit is controlled for each output according to a control signal.
26. The digital speaker apparatus according to claim 25,
wherein each of the s number of driving circuits has a first output circuit connected to a first input terminal of a digital signal terminal corresponding to each of the s number of driving circuits and a second output circuit connected to a second input terminal which forms a pair with the first input terminal of the digital terminal, and
wherein the driving circuit has at least three states of digital signal output according to the combination of a first digital signal input to the first output circuit and a second digital signal input to the second output circuit.
27. The digital speaker driving apparatus according to claim 25, further comprising:
a digital attenuator which adjusts the volume of the digital speaker by performing a predetermined calculation process on the digital input signal and inputting the signal to the \u0394\u03a3 modulator.
28. The digital speaker driving apparatus according to claim 25, wherein the \u0394\u03a3 modulator, the post filter, and the s number of driving circuits are formed on a single semiconductor or are sealed in a single package.
29. The digital speaker driving apparatus according to claim 25, wherein the power circuit supplies a variable voltage to the s number of driving circuits so that amplitudes of outputs of digital signals of the s number of driving circuits are adjusted.
30. The digital speaker driving apparatus according to claim 25, wherein the power circuit is controlled according to the digital input signal.

The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.

1. A method of predicting pattern critical dimensions in a lithographic exposure process, comprising:
defining relationships between critical dimension, defocus, and dose;
performing at least one exposure run in creating a pattern on a wafer;
creating a dose map;
creating a defocus map; and
predicting pattern critical dimensions based on the relationships, the dose map, and the defocus map.
2. The method of claim 1, further comprising comparing the predicted pattern critical dimensions to design specification critical dimensions.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the predicting is performed in situ.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the predicting is performed during an exposure step of a lithographic process.
5. The method of claim 4, wherein the predicting is performed without using metrology to measure the pattern critical dimensions.
6. The method of claim 1, further comprising creating at least one single exposure critical dimension map from the predicted pattern critical dimensions.
7. The method of claim 6, further comprising creating a double pattern space map and a double pattern line map based on the at least one single exposure critical dimension map and one of a spacer map and an overlay map.
8. The method of claim 1, further comprising using the predicted pattern critical dimensions to perform at least one of: monitoring performance of a scanner during the at least one exposure run, troubleshoot the scanner, and tune the scanner.
9. The method of claim 1, wherein the dose map and defocus map are created using data obtained during the at least one exposure run.
10. The method of claim 1, wherein the dose map is created based on dose integrator data.
11. The method of claim 1, wherein the defocus map is created based on wafer table direct interferometer data, total field deviation data, and focus correction data.
12. The method of claim 1, wherein the defocus map is created based on a vector sum of topography target errors, stage trajectory errors, and image plane excursions.
13. The method of claim 1, wherein the predicting the pattern critical dimensions comprises applying a blur correction based on at least one of dose integrator data and scan synchronization data.
14. The method of claim 1, wherein the relationships between critical dimension, defocus, and dose comprise sets of Bossung curves.
15. The method of claim 14, wherein the sets of Bossung curves are created using a combination of: fitting some curves to data points determined using metrology, and modeling other curves based on scanner imaging attributes.
16. The method of claim 1, wherein the relationships between critical dimension, defocus, and dose are defined at plural different locations of a scanner slit.
17. A system for predicting pattern critical dimensions in a lithographic exposure process, comprising:
a computing device configured to:
create a dose map and a defocus map based on data from at least one exposure run that creates a pattern on a wafer; and
predict pattern critical dimensions based on the dose map, the defocus map, and predetermined relationships between critical dimension, defocus, and dose.
18. The system of claim 17, wherein the predicting is performed in situ without using metrology to measure the pattern critical dimensions.
19. The system of claim 17, wherein the computing device is configured to create at least one single exposure critical dimension map from the predicted pattern critical dimensions.
20. The system of claim 19, wherein the computing device is configured to create a double pattern space map and a double pattern line map based on the at least one single exposure critical dimension map and one of a spacer map and an overlay map.
21. The system of claim 17, wherein:
the dose map is created based on dose integrator data; and
the defocus map is created based on a vector sum of topography target errors, stage trajectory errors, and image plane excursions;
22. The system of claim 21, wherein the relationships between critical dimension, defocus, and dose comprise sets of Bossung curves.
23. The system of claim 22, wherein the sets of Bossung curves are created using a combination of: fitting some curves to data points determined using metrology, and modeling other curves based on scanner imaging attributes.
24. The system of claim 22, wherein the relationships between critical dimension, defocus, and dose are defined at plural different locations of a scanner slit.
25. The system of claim 17, wherein the computing device receives the data from a scanner that performs the at least one exposure run.
26. A computer program product comprising program code stored in a computer readable medium that, when executed on a computing device, causes the computing device to:
create a dose map and a defocus map based on data from at least one exposure run that creates a pattern on a wafer; and
predict pattern critical dimensions based on the dose map, the defocus map, and predetermined relationships between critical dimension, defocus, and dose.
27. The computer program product of claim 26, wherein the predicting is performed in situ without using metrology to measure the pattern critical dimensions.
28. The computer program product of claim 26, wherein the computing device is configured to create at least one single exposure critical dimension map from the predicted pattern critical dimensions.
29. The computer program product of claim 28, wherein the computing device is configured to create a double pattern space map and a double pattern line map based on the at least one single exposure critical dimension map and one of a spacer map and an overlay map.
30. The computer program product of claim 26, wherein:
the dose map is created based on dose integrator data; and
the defocus map is created based on a vector sum of topography target errors, stage trajectory errors, and image plane excursions;
31. The computer program product of claim 30, wherein the relationships between critical dimension, defocus, and dose comprise sets of Bossung curves.
32. The computer program product of claim 31, wherein the sets of Bossung curves are created using a combination of: fitting some curves to data points determined using metrology, and modeling other curves based on scanner imaging attributes.
33. The computer program product of claim 31, wherein the relationships between critical dimension, defocus, and dose are defined at plural different locations of a scanner slit.

1. A fluid treatment system, comprising:
a power source;
at least one tube having an inlet, an outlet, and a channel being generally disposed between said inlet and said outlet, said channel being defined by at least one conductor, at least one insulator, and an inner shell, and said tube being in electrical communication with said power source; and
a fluid having a first magnitude of odor passing through said inlet, said fluid having a conductive characteristic enabling electrical current to pass through said fluid when passed through said channel of said at least one tube, and said fluid having a second magnitude of odor passing through said outlet and said second magnitude of odor being less in magnitude than said first magnitude of odor.
2. The fluid treatment system, as set forth in claim 1, wherein said plurality of conductors being disposed therein and being in electrical communication with said power source.
3. The fluid treatment system, as set forth in claim 1, wherein said fluid having a first magnitude of bacteria passing through said inlet, said fluid having a second magnitude of bacteria passing through said outlet and said second magnitude of bacteria being less in magnitude than said first magnitude of bacteria.
4. The fluid treatment system, as set forth in claim 1, wherein said fluid having a first magnitude of fecal coliform passing through said inlet, said fluid having a second magnitude of fecal coliform passing through said outlet and said second magnitude of fecal coliform being less in magnitude than said first magnitude of fecal coliform.
5. The fluid treatment system, as set forth in claim 1, wherein said fluid having a first magnitude of biological oxygen demand passing through said inlet, said fluid having a second magnitude of biological oxygen demand passing through said outlet and said second magnitude of biological oxygen demand being less in magnitude than said first magnitude of biological oxygen demand.
6. The fluid treatment system, as set forth in claim 1, wherein said fluid having a first magnitude of nitrates passing through said inlet, said fluid having a second magnitude of nitrates passing through said outlet and said second magnitude of nitrates being less in magnitude than said first magnitude of nitrates.
7. The fluid treatment system, as set forth in claim 1, wherein said fluid having a first magnitude of phosphates passing through said inlet, said fluid having a second magnitude of phosphates passing through said outlet and said second magnitude of phosphates being less in magnitude than said first magnitude of phosphates.
8. The fluid treatment system, as set forth in claim 1, wherein said fluid having a first magnitude of sulfide passing through said inlet, said fluid having a second magnitude of sulfide passing through said outlet and said second magnitude of sulfide being less in magnitude than said first magnitude of sulfide.

The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.

1. A computer-implemented method for generating patient models for use in radiation therapy, comprising:
receiving, by a computing device having a processor, multiple sets of image data representing a volume of a patient, each set of image data is spatially aligned with each other and is acquired in a different manner so as to create contrast amongst tissue types of the patient;
classifying, by the computing device, tissue in each voxel in the volume into different classes using a classification algorithm, where the multiple sets of image data serve as input to the classification algorithm, and each class represents a type of tissue, and classifying tissue yields a probability distribution for membership in each class;
assigning, by the computing device, a value of a property to each voxel in the volume, where the value for a given voxel is derived from probability distributions that correspond to the voxel and is computed as a weighted sum of probability distributions from each class associated with the given voxel and the property differs from tissue type; and
generating a patient model for the volume from the properties assigned to each voxel.
2. The computer-implemented method of claim 1 further comprises acquiring the multiple sets of image data by at least one of varying a pulse sequence or acquisition parameters of magnetic resonance imaging between each set of image data in the multiple sets of image data.
3. The computer-implemented method of claim 1 further comprises
acquiring a first set of image data in a first manner that discriminates bone from other tissue types;
acquiring a second set of image data in a second manner that discriminates soft tissue from other tissue types; and
acquiring a third set of image data in a third manner that quantifies water and fat tissue in the volume.
4. The computer-implemented method of claim 1 further comprises identifying a region in the image data indicative of a particular tissue type and inputting the region as an input to the classification algorithm.
5. The computer-implemented method of claim 1 wherein classifying tissue type further comprises using a fuzzy c-mean clustering algorithm as the classification algorithm.
6. The computer-implemented method of claim 1 wherein assigning properties further comprises assigning an electron density value to a given voxel according to the probability distribution associated with the given voxel.
7. The computer-implemented method of claim 1 wherein assigning properties further comprises assigning at least one of a Poisson ratio and a Young’s modulus value to a given voxel according to the probability distribution associated with the given voxel.
8. The computer-implemented method of claim 1 wherein assigning properties further comprises assigning an attenuation value to a given voxel according to the probability distribution associated with the given voxel, the attenuation value indicative of positron decay from positron emission tomography.
9. A computer-implemented method for generating patient models for use in radiation therapy, comprising:
acquiring, by a magnetic resonance imager, multiple sets of image data by varying at least one of a pulse sequence or acquisition parameters of magnetic resonance imaging between each set of image data in the multiple sets of image data, where each set of image data represents a volume of a patient and is spatially aligned with each other;
classifying, by a computing device having a processor, tissue in the multiple sets of image data into different tissue types using a classification algorithm, where the multiple sets of image data serve as input to the classification algorithm and each class represents a type of tissue selected from the group consisting of bone, fat, fluid and solid tissue;
assigning, by the computing device, a first type of property to voxels comprising the volume based on a probability distribution of tissue types yielded by the classification algorithm, where the value for the first property type assigned to a given voxel is a mathematical combination of the probability distribution for each tissue type; and
assigning, by the computing device, a second type of property to the voxels based on the probability distribution of tissue types, the second type of property being different from the first type of property and the value for the second property type assigned to a given voxel is a mathematical combination of the probability distribution for each tissue type.
10. The computer-implemented method of claim 9 wherein acquiring the multiple sets of image data further comprises
acquiring a first set of image data in a first manner that discriminates bone from other tissue types;
acquiring a second set of image data in a second manner that discriminates solid tissue from other tissue types; and
acquiring a third set of image data in a third manner that quantifies water and fat tissue in the volume.
11. The computer-implemented method of claim 10 further comprises acquiring the first set of image data using gradient echo imaging sequences.
12. The computer-implemented method of claim 10 further comprises acquiring the second set of image data using spin echo imaging sequences.
13. The computer-implemented method of claim 9 wherein classifying tissue type further comprises using a fuzzy c-mean clustering algorithm as the classification algorithm.
14. The computer-implemented method of claim 13 wherein assigning properties further comprises assigning a given tissue type to a given voxel when a probability assignment for the given tissue type exceeds a confidence threshold.
15. The computer-implemented method of claim 13 wherein assigning properties further comprises assigning an electron density value to a given voxel according to the probability distribution associated with the given voxel.
16. The computer-implemented method of claim 13 wherein assigning properties further comprises assigning at least one of a Poisson ratio and a Young’s modulus value to a given voxel according to the probability distribution associated with the given voxel.
17. The computer-implemented method of claim 13 wherein assigning properties further comprises assigning an attenuation value to a given voxel according to the probability distribution associated with the given voxel, the attenuation value indicative of positron decay from positron emission tomography.
18. A computer-implemented system for patient models for use in radiation therapy, comprising
a magnetic resonance imager configured to capture multiple sets of image data represents a volume in a patient and is spatially aligned with each other, where each set of image data is acquired in a different manner so as to create contrast amongst tissue types contained in the volume;
a classifier configured to receive the multiple sets of image data from the magnetic resonance imager and operable to classify tissue in each voxel in the volume into different tissue types using a classification algorithm, such that each class represents a type of tissue and classifying yields a probability distribution for membership in each class; and
a property assigner configured to receive a probability distribution of tissue types for the volume and operable to assign a property to voxels comprising the volume according to the probability distribution, where the value for a given voxel is derived from probability distributions that coorespond to the voxel and is computed as a weighted sum of probability distributions from each class associated with the given voxel and the property differs from tissue type; and generating a patient model for the volume from the properties assigned to each voxel.