Author: claimsbot

1. A method of applying an elongated molecule to a surface, comprising:
controllably flowing a solution containing an elongated molecule over the first substrate in a manner that promotes stretching of the elongated molecule from a defined physical feature along the first substrate; and
transferring the stretched elongated molecule to a second substrate,
wherein the elongated molecule is selected from the group consisting of polymers, nanotubes, proteins, carbohydrates, lipids, and functionalized forms of any of the above.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the elongated molecule is a polymer selected from the group consisting of isotactic polymers, atactic polymers, stereotactic polymers, thermoplastics, thermosets, elastomers, copolymers, block copolymers, organic polymers, inorganic polymers, polyamides, polyesters, polycarbonates, polyethers, polyimides, polyimines, formaldehydes, polysulfones, polyurethanes, polyvinyls, polyolefins, and polyalkynes.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the elongated molecule is a protein selected from the group consisting of antibodies, enzymes, hormones, structural proteins, regulatory proteins, filamentous proteins, soluble proteins, motor proteins, denatured proteins, and polypeptides.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the elongated molecule is a carbohydrate selected from the group consisting of monosaccharides, disaccharides, oligosaccharides, polysaccharides, starches, glycogens, cellulose, amylose, and chitin.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein the elongated molecule is a lipid selected from the group consisting of fatty acids, glycerides, phosphoglycerides, sphingolipids, steroids, waxes, lipoproteins, and glycolipids.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein the defined physical feature is a depression.
7. The method of claim 1, wherein the defined physical feature is a protrusion.
8. The method of claim 1, further comprising applying a conductive material to the stretched elongated molecule.
9. The method of claim 1, wherein transferring the stretched elongated molecule comprises bringing the first substrate in proximity to the second substrate.
10. The method of claim 1, wherein transferring the stretched elongated molecule comprises bringing the first substrate into contact with the second substrate.
11. The method of claim 10, further comprising controlling a surface charge of the second substrate, wherein the surface charge acts to attract the elongated molecule to the second substrate.
12. The method of claim 11, further comprising controlling a surface charge of the first substrate, wherein the surface charge acts to attract the elongated molecule to the first substrate.
13. The method of claim 1, further comprising controlling a surface charge of the first substrate, wherein the surface charge acts to repel the elongated molecule from the first substrate.
14. The method of claim 13, further comprising controlling a surface charge of the second substrate, wherein the surface charge acts to attract the elongated molecule to the second substrate.
15. The method of claim 13, further comprising controlling a surface charge of the second substrate, wherein the surface charge acts to repel the elongated molecule from the second substrate.
16. The method of claim 1, wherein transferring the stretched elongated molecule comprises controlling surface energy of at least one of the first and second substrates.
17. The method of claim 1, wherein transferring the stretched elongated molecule comprises controlling temperature of at least one of the first and second substrates.
18. The method of claim 1, wherein transferring the stretched elongated molecule comprises controlling hydrophilicity of at least one of the first and second substrates.
19. The method of claim 1, wherein the second substrate comprises an electronic device, and wherein the transferred elongated molecule is in electrical communication with the electronic device.
20. The method of claim 1, further comprising attaching an electronic device to the transferred elongated molecule.
21. The method of claim 1, wherein controllably flowing comprises controlling a surface charge of the first substrate, wherein the surface charge is spatially patterned.
22. The method of claim 1, wherein controllably flowing comprises controlling a surface charge of the first substrate, wherein the surface charge is dynamic.
23. The method of claim 1, wherein controllably flowing comprises controlling a surface charge of the first substrate, wherein the surface charge is static.
24. The method of claim 1, wherein the first substrate comprises surface features that spatially direct the fluid flow.
25. The method of claim 1, wherein the first substrate comprises a plurality of micro-orifices, and wherein controllably flowing further comprises flowing a fluid through at least a subset of the micro-orifices.
26. The method of claim 1, wherein the first substrate comprises a plurality of switchable channels, and wherein controllably flowing further comprises switching at least a subset of the switchable channels.
27. The method of claim 1, wherein controllably flowing comprises directing fluid flow by controlling hydrophilicity of the first substrate.
28. The method of claim 1, wherein controllably flowing comprises varying the temperature of the solution.
29. The method of claim 1, further comprising applying a cover surface to the solution.
30. The method of claim 29, wherein controllably flowing comprises moving the cover surface relative to the first substrate to induce fluid flow in the solution.
31. The method of claim 30, wherein moving the cover surface relative to the first substrate comprises peeling the cover surface away from the first substrate.
32. The method of claim 30, wherein moving the cover surface relative to the first substrate comprises sliding the cover surface along the first substrate.
33. The method of claim 29, wherein at least one of the cover surface and the first substrate comprises surface features that spatially direct the fluid flow.
34. The method of claim 29, wherein the surface features that spatially direct the fluid flow comprise a plurality of micro-orifices, and wherein controllably flowing further comprises flowing a liquid through at least a subset of the micro-orifices.
35. The method of claim 29, wherein the surface features that spatially direct the fluid flow comprise a plurality of micro-orifices, and wherein controllably flowing further comprises flowing a gas through at least a subset of the micro-orifices.
36. The method of claim 29, wherein the surface features that spatially direct the fluid flow comprise a plurality of switchable channels, and wherein controllably flowing further comprises switching at least a subset of the switchable channels.
37. The method of claim 29, wherein controllably flowing further comprises inducing surface charges on at least one of the cover surface and the first substrate.
38. The method of claim 37, wherein inducing surface charges comprises photoinducing surface charges.
39. The method of claim 29, wherein controllably flowing further comprises applying a varying surface tension along at least one of the cover surface and the first substrate.
40. The method of claim 1, wherein controllably flowing comprises inducing vorticity into the solution.
41. The method of claim 1, wherein controllably flowing comprises directing fluid flow by applying a varying surface tension along the substrate.
42. The method of claim 1, wherein controllably flowing comprises directing fluid flow by applying an electromagnetic field to the solution.
43. The method of claim 1, wherein the solution comprises a mechanical anchor having the elongated molecule anchored thereto, and where the defined physical feature acts to spatially fix the mechanical anchor.
44. The method of claim 43, wherein the mechanical anchor is a bead.
45. The method of claim 43, wherein the defined physical feature physically traps the mechanical anchor.
46. The method of claim 43, wherein the defined physical feature adheres to the mechanical anchor.
47. The method of claim 43, wherein the defined physical feature electrically traps the mechanical anchor.
48. The method of claim 43, wherein the defined physical feature magnetically traps the mechanical anchor.

The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.

1. A power tool comprising a mode switching device that switches a driving mode of a tool bit among a plurality of different driving mode wherein the mode switching device includes:
a mode switching member that can be turned by manual operation,
a driven-side member that can linearly move in a direction crossing a rotation axis of the mode switching member,
a mode switching mechanism that is actuated by linear motion of the driven-side member,
an actuating member that is disposed on the mode switching member such that the initial position of the actuating member is located in a position displaced in a radial direction from the rotation axis of the mode switching member, wherein, when the mode switching member is turned, the actuating member is caused to revolve in a circular arc movement in contact with the driven-side member, thereby causing the driven-side member to linearly move via components of the circular arc movement in the direction of the linear movement of the driven-side member, wherein the actuating member can move radially inward of the mode switching member from the initial position toward the rotation axis of the mode switching member with respect to the mode switching member and
an elastic element that is drastically deformed by the actuating member when the actuating member moves radially inward from the initial position, whereby the elastic element builds up a spring force to return the actuating member to the initial position,
wherein, when the driven-side member is prevented from moving linearly by interruption of the movement of the mode switching mechanism during turning operation of the mode switching member for mode change, the actuating member moves radially inward of the mode switching member while elastically deforming the elastic element, thereby allowing the mode switching member to be turned, and when the interruption of the movement of the mode switching mechanism is resolved and the linear movement of the driven-side member is allowed in the state in which the mode switching member is turned, the actuating member moves back to the initial position by the accumulated spring force of the elastic element, which causes the driven-side member to linearly move.
2. The power tool as defined in claim 1, wherein the radially inward movement of the actuating member with respect to the mode switching member is a swinging movement on a fixed point other than the rotation axis of the mode switching member.
3. The power tool as defined in claim 1, wherein the radially inward movement of the actuating member with respect to the mode switching member is a swinging movement on a fixed point other than the rotation axis of the mode switching member and
wherein the actuating member can swing on either of two points which are substantially symmetrically positioned with respect to a line connecting the rotation axis of the mode switching member and the center of the actuating member placed in the initial position.
4. The power tool as defined in claim 1 further comprising a tool body having a mounting hole in which the mode switching member is mounted, wherein the mode switching member includes a circular portion which is rotatably fitted in the mounting hole, the circular portion having a recess formed along the direction of the rotation axis, the elastic element and the entire actuating member except for a portion which contacts the driven-side member being disposed within the recess.
5. The power tool as defined in claim 1, wherein the radially inward movement of the actuating member with respect to the mode switching member is a swinging movement on a fixed point other than the rotation axis of the mode switching member and wherein the actuating member can swing on either of two points which at substantially symmetrically positioned with respect to a line connecting the rotation axis of the mode switching member and the center of the actuating member placed in the initial position,
wherein the mode switching member has two engagement recesses that are substantially symmetrically positioned with respect to a line connecting the rotation axis of the mode switching member and the center of the actuating member placed in the initial position,
the actuating member has two engagement portions which can disengageably and rotatably engage with the associated engagement recesses and
the elastic element comprises a torsion spring and includes two arms extending radially outward, and one of the arms of the torsion spring is held in contact with one of the engagement portions such that the one engagement portion engages with one of the engagement recesses, while the other arm of the torsion spring is held in contact with the other engagement portion such that the other engagement portion engages with the other engagement recess.
6. The power tool as defined in claim 1, wherein the tool bit of the power tool is driven at least in any two of a hammer mode, drill mode and hammer drill mode.

1. A product for oral delivery of nicotine containing a core comprising a powder of
a) at least one free nicotine salt wherein said nicotine salt is selected from the group consisting of nicotine hydrochloride, nicotine dihydrochloride, nicotine monotartrate, nicotine bitartrate, nicotine bitartrate dihydrate, nicotine sulphate, nicotine zinc chloride monohydrate and nicotine salicylate, and mixtures thereof.
b) at least one pH adjusting agent
c) at least one filler and a water insoluble pouch, wherein said pouch is permeable for saliva and therein dissolved parts of the powder, wherein said product upon contact with purified water gives a pH of at least 6.
2. The product according to claim 1, wherein said nicotine salt is water soluble.
3. The product according to claims 1.
4. The product according to claim 3, wherein said nicotine salt is nicotine bitartrate dihydrate.
5. The product according to claims 1, wherein said pH adjusting agent is selected from the group consisting of carbonates including monocarbonate, bicarbonate and sesquicarbonate, acetates, glycinates, gluconates, borates, glycerophosphates or citrates of alkaline metals or ammonium, phosphate systems including monohydrogenphosphate, dihydrogenphosphate and trihydrogenphosphate, metal hydroxides such as sodium hydroxide and potassium hydroxide, and mixtures thereof.
6. The product according to claim 1, wherein said pH adjusting agent is sodium bicarbonate or sodium carbonate, and mixtures thereof.
7. The product according to claims 1, wherein said pH adjusting agent is encapsulated or embedded.
8. The product according to claim 1, wherein said pH adjusting agent is encapsulated or embedded with a polymer which physically separates the pH adjusting agent from the nicotine salt.
9. The product according to claims 1, wherein said filler is selected from the group consisting of polysaccharides, polyols, sugars, natural fibres, microcrystalline cellulose, cellulose and cellulose derivatives, and mixtures thereof.
10. The product according to claim 1, wherein said product comprises at least one filler which is a sweetener or a flavoring agent.
11. The product according to claim 1 wherein said sweetener is selected from the group consisting of mono- di- tri- and polysaccharides, polyols such as mannitol and maltitol, natural and synthetic sweeteners such as sucrose, glucose, dextrose, maltose, fructose, saccharin, aspartame, acesulfame, sucralose, saccharin and cyclamates, and mixtures thereof.
12. The product according to claim 1 wherein said flavoring agent is selected from the group consisting of bergamot, eucalyptus, orange, mandarin, citrus, lemon, peppermint, mint, menthol, liquorice, wintergreen, tobacco, coffee, vanilla, lime, apple, peach, and mixtures thereof.
13. The product according to claim 1, wherein said pouch is manufactured from material selected from the group consisting of pharmaceutically acceptable membrane materials.
14. The product according to claim 1, wherein said product comprises nicotine in an amount of from 0.1 to 10 mg per unit dose calculated as nicotine base.
15. The product according to claim 11, wherein said product comprises nicotine in an amount of 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0, 2.5, 3.0, 3.5, 4.0, 4.5, 5.0, 6.0, 7.0, 8.0 or 9.0 mg per unit dose calculated as nicotine base.
16. The product according to claim 1, wherein said product comprises from 50 mg to 1000 mg of said powder.
17. The product according to claim 1, wherein said product comprises 100, 150, 200, 250, 300, 350, 400, 450, 500, 550, 600, 650, 700, 750, 800, 850, 900 or 950 mg of said powder.
18. A method of making a product comprising the steps of
a) combining ingredients to form a powder, wherein the powder comprises at least one free nicotine salt, at least one pH adjusting agent and at least one filler; and
b) placing the powder in a water insoluble pouch thereby forming a product for oral delivery of nicotine according to claim 1.
19. The method according to claim 18, wherein said method comprising the additional steps of encapsulating or embedding the pH adjusting agent.
20. The method according to claims 18, wherein said method comprising the additional step of granulating the powder.

The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.

We claim:

1. A compound comprising the structure:
15
wherein
B is selected from the group consisting of OH, leaving groups, residues of amine-containing moieties and a residues of hydroxyl-containing moieties;
Y1 is selected from the group consisting of O, S, and NR5;
M is selected from the group consisting of NR3, O and S;
Ar is a moiety which when included in Formula I forms a multi-substituted aromatic or heteroaromatic hydrocarbon or a multi-substituted heterocyclic group;
(m) is zero or a positive integer;
R1-3 and R5 are independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, C1-6 alkyls, C3-12 branched alkyls, C3-8 cycloalkyls, C1-6 substituted alkyls, C3-8 substituted cycloalkyls, aryls, substituted aryls, aralkyls, C1-6 heteroalkyls, substituted C1-6 heteroalkyls, C1-6 alkoxy, phenoxy and C1-6 heteroakoxy; and
R4 is a polymeric residue.
2. The compound of claim 1, wherein R4 further includes a capping group A, selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, CO2H, C1-6 alkyl moieties, and
16
3. A compound of claim 2, of the formula:
17
4. A compound of claim 3, of the formula:
18
5. The compound of claim 1, wherein R1 R2 and R3 are independently selected from the group consisting of H, methyl and ethyl.
6. The compound of claim 5, wherein R1 R2 and R3 are each H.
7. The compound of claim 1, wherein Y1 is O.
8. The compound of claim 1, wherein the aromatic moiety is selected from the group consisting of:
19
wherein J is O, S, or N-R6; and E and Z are independently C-R7 or N-RY8; and R6-8 are independently selected from the same group as that which defines R1.
9. The compound of claim 1, wherein Ar is
20
10. The compound of claim 1, wherein B is a residue of an amine-containing moiety.
11. The compound of claim 1, wherein B is a residue of an hydroxyl-containing moiety.
12. The compound of claim 1, wherein B is a leaving group selected from the group consisting of N-hydroxybenzotriazolyl, halogen, N-hydroxyphthal-imidyl, p-nitrophenoxy, imidazolyl, N-hydroxysuccinimidyl, thiazolidinyl thione, and an acid activating group.
13. The compound of claim 1 wherein B is a residue of a member of the group consisting of paclitaxel, paclitaxel derivatives, anthracyclines, daunorubicin, doxorubicin, p-hydroxyaniline mustard, Ara-C, cytosine arabinoside and gemcitabine.
14. The compound of claim 1, wherein B is a residue of an enzyme, protein or peptide.
15. The compound of claim 1 wherein R4 has a number average molecular weight of from about 2,000 to about 100,000 Daltons.
16. The compound of claim 15, wherein R4 has a number average molecular weight of from about 5,000 to about 45,000 Daltons.
17. The compound of claim 16, wherein R4 has a number average molecular weight of from about 20,000 to about 42,000 Daltons.
18. The compound of claim 1, wherein R4 is selected from the group consisting of:
C(Y2)(CH2)nO(CH2CH2O)xA,C(Y2)Y3(CH2)nO(CH2CH2O)xA,C(Y2)NR10(CH2)nO(CH2CH2O)xA,(CR11R12)eO(CH2)nO(CH2CH2O)xA,
and
NR10(CH2)nO(CH2CH2O)xA,
wherein
Y2 and Y3 are independently O, S or NR10;
x is the degree of polymerization;
R10, R11 and R12 are independently selected from among H, C1-6 alkyls, C3-12 branched alkyls, C3-8 cycloalkyls, C1-6 substituted alkyls, C3-8 substituted cycloalkyls, aryls, substituted aryls, aralkyls, C1-6 heteroalkyls, substituted C1-6 heteroalkyls, C1-6 alkoxy, phenoxy and C1-6 heteroalkoxy;
e and n are independently zero, one or two; and
A is a capping group.
19. The compound of claim 1, wherein R4 is selected from the group consisting of:
C(Y2)(CH2)nO(CH2CH2O)x(CH2)nC(Y2),C(Y2)Y3(CH2)nO(CH2CH2O)x(CH2)nY3C(Y2),C(Y2)NR10(CH2)nO(CH2CH2O)x(CH2)nNR10C(Y2),(CR11R12)eO(CH2)nO(CH2CH2)x(CH2)nO(CR11R12)e,
and
NR10(CH2)nO(CH2CH2O)x(CH2)nNR10
wherein
Y2 and Y3 are independently O, S or NR10;
x is the degree of polymerization;
R10, R11 and R12 are independently selected from among H, C1-6 alkyls, C3-12 branched alkyls, C3-8 cycloalkyls, C1-6 substituted alkyls, C3-8 substituted cycloalkyls, aryls, substituted aryls, aralkyls, C1-6 heteroalkyls, substituted C1-6 heteroalkyls, C1-6 alkoxy, phenoxy and C1-6 heteroalkoxy;
e and n are independently zero, one or two; and
A is a capping group.
20. The compound of claim 1, wherein R4 comprises a polyalkylene oxide.
21. The compound of claim 20, wherein said polyalkylene oxide comprises polyethylene glycol.
22. A compound of claim 1 selected from the group consisting of:
21
23. A compound of claim 1 selected from the group consisting of:
22
24. The compound of claim 1, wherein (m) is zero.
25. The compound of 1, wherein (m) is one.
26. A method of preparing a polymer conjugate, comprising: reacting a compound of
23
wherein
B is selected from the group consisting of OH, leaving groups, residues of amine-containing moieties and a residues of hydroxyl-containing moieties;
Y1 is selected from the group consisting of O, S, and NR5;
M is selected from the group consisting of NR3, O and S;
Ar is a moiety which when included in Formula I forms a multi-substituted aromatic or heteroaromatic hydrocarbon or a multi-substituted heterocyclic group;
(m) is zero or a positive integer;
R1-3 and R5 are independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, C1-6 alkyls, C3-12 branched alkyls, C3-8 cycloalkyls, C1-6 substituted alkyls, C3-8 substituted cycloalkyls, aryls, substituted aryls, aralkyls, C1-6 heteroalkyls, substituted C1-6 heteroalkyls, C1-6 alkoxy, phenoxy and C1-6 heteroakoxy; and
R4 is a polymeric residue;
with a biologically active compound containing a reactive amino or hydroxy group under conditions sufficient to provide a polymeric conjugate.
27. The method of claim 26, wherein in R4 further comprises a capping
24
28. A method of treating a mammal with prodrugs, comprising:
administering to a mammal in need of such treatment an effective amount of a composition comprising the compound of claim 1, wherein B is a residue of an amine-containing or hydroxyl containing moiety.