Author: claimsbot

1. A method of preparing a compound of formula (II):
or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, as a single stereoisomer or enantiomer or a mixture thereof;
wherein the method comprises:
a) treating a compound of formula (14):
or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, with an alkylating agent under suitable conditions to form a compound of formula (15):
or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof; and

b) treating the compound of formula (15), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, with a compound of formula (16):
or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, under suitable conditions to provide the compound of formula (II), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, as a single stereoisomer or enantiomer or a mixture thereof.
2. The method of claim 1 further comprising a preparation of the compound of formula (14), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein the method comprises treating a compound of formula (13):
or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, under suitable conditions to form the compound of formula (14), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.
3. The method of claim 2 further comprising a preparation of the compound of formula (13), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein the method comprises:
c) reacting a compound of formula (12):
with a Grignard reagent of formula (3):
under suitable conditions to form an intermediate product; and

d) reacting the intermediate product of c) with a compound of formula (I):
or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, under suitable conditions to form the compound of formula (13), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.
4. The method of claim 3 further comprising a preparation of the compound of formula (12), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein the method comprises treating a compound of formula (II):
with an oxidizing agent under suitable conditions to form the compound of formula (12), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.
5. The method of claim 4 further comprising a preparation of the compound of formula (II), wherein the method comprises treating a compound of formula (10):
with a suitable alkylating reagent under suitable conditions to form the compound of formula (II).
6. The method of claim 1 further comprising resolving a compound of formula (II) under suitable conditions to yield a compound of formula (II-S):
or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof; and a compound of formula (II-R):
or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.

1. A stent having a proximal end and a distal end, the stent comprising a plurality of interconnected circumferential bands with a flowpath therethrough,
at least one of the bands including at least one substantially M-shaped segment selected from the group consisting of convex M-shaped segments and concave M-shaped segments.
2. The stent of claim 1 wherein the at least one M-shaped segment is a convex M-shaped segment.
3. The stent of claim 2 wherein the convex M-shaped segment comprises a first convex outer leg, a second convex outer leg and a connector connecting the first convex outer leg and the second convex outer leg.
4. The stent of claim 2 wherein the at least one band comprises a plurality of convex M-shaped segments.
5. The stent of claim 2 comprising a first band having a plurality of interconnected convex M-shaped segments and a second band having a plurality of interconnected convex M-shaped segments.
6. The stent of claim 5 wherein adjacent convex M-shaped segments in the first band are interconnected via a loop extending therebetween.
7. The stent of claim 6 wherein the loop is formed of a concave first portion and a concave second portion.
8. The stent of claim 5 wherein the convex M-shaped segments of the first band are inverted relative to the convex M-shaped segments of the second band.
9. The stent of claim 8 wherein the convex M-shaped segments of the first bands at least partially abut and are connected.
10. The stent of claim 1 wherein the at least one M-shaped segment is a concave M-shaped segment.
11. The stent of claim 10 wherein the concave M-shaped segment comprises a first concave outer leg, a second concave outer leg and a connector connecting the first concave outer leg and the second concave outer leg.
12. The stent of claim 10 wherein the at least one band comprises a plurality of concave M-shaped segments.
13. The stent of claim 12 wherein the first portion is substantially parallel to the first concave leg of the first concave M-shaped segment and the second portion is substantially parallel to the second concave leg of the second concave M-shaped segment.
14. The stent of claim 10 comprising a first band having a plurality of interconnected concave M-shaped segments and a second band having a plurality of interconnected concave M-shaped segments.
15. The stent of claim 14 wherein adjacent concave M-shaped segments in the first band are interconnected via a loop extending therebetween.
16. The stent of claim 15 wherein the loop is formed of a convex first portion and a convex second portion.
17. The stent of claim 14 wherein the concave M-shaped segments of the first band are inverted relative to the concave M-shaped segments of the second band.
18. The stent of claim 17 wherein the concave M-shaped segments of the first bands at least partially abut and are connected.
19. The stent of claim 1 comprising a plurality of interconnected convex M-shaped segments and concave M-shaped segments.
20. A stent comprising a plurality of connected tubular bands, at least one of the tubular bands comprising a repeating pattern of three or more substantially parallel interconnected segments with a first curvature and three or more substantially parallel interconnected segments with a second curvature, one of the segments with the first curvature connected to one of the segments with the second curvature.
21. The stent of claim 20 wherein the first curvature is opposite the second curvature.
22. The stent of claim 20 wherein a plurality of the tubular bands each comprise a repeating pattern of three or more-substantially parallel interconnected segments with a first curvature and three or more substantially parallel interconnected segments with a second curvature, one of the segments of the first curvature connected to one of the segments with the second curvature.
23. The stent of claim 22 wherein adjacent tubular bands are out of phase with one another.
24. The stent of claim 22 wherein adjacent tubular bands are out of phase with one another by ninety degrees.

1. A rotary piston pump comprising:
a shaft to rotate about a longitudinal axis;
a rotor centrally secured to the shaft, the rotor having a body with a cylindrical surface extending between spaced ends;
a rotor disk secured at each end of the rotor, each rotor disk secured at a center to the shaft;
a housing encasing the rotor and the rotor disks and portions of the shaft within an internal cavity, the housing having interior end walls adjacent to, but spaced from, the corresponding rotor disks to form an end space therebetween, and an interior sidewall, with fluid inlet and fluid outlet ports in the interior sidewall, a first portion of the interior sidewall of the housing being cylindrical and curved with a constant radius over an angle of about approximately 180\xb0, the first portion being spaced a constant distance from confronting portions of the cylindrical surface of the rotor, and a second portion of the interior sidewall of the housing extending between the extremities of the first portion of the interior sidewall, and a curvature of the second portion having a greater radius than a curvature of the first portion, the cylindrical surface of the rotor being proximal to the interior sidewall of the housing at a point between the fluid inlet and fluid outlet ports about midway along the second portion, the fluid inlet and fluid outlet ports being located in this second portion of the interior sidewall of the housing;
two or more equally spaced, radially oriented slots in the rotor longitudinally extending across the cylindrical surface of the rotor body;
two or more similar vanes, each vane having internal and external edges extending between sides, each vane slidably seated in one of said slots, each vane movable radially in the corresponding slot between an extended position with the external edge of the vane adjacent the interior sidewall of the housing, and a retracted position wherein the external edge of the vane does not extend beyond the cylindrical surface of the rotor, the vanes being spaced from adjacent vanes about the rotor such that there is always a vane positioned between the fluid inlet and fluid outlet ports;
means associated with the vanes to enable the vanes to move to extended position;
a plurality of slots in the rotor disks aligned with the rotor slots and slidably receiving the sides of the vanes;
the rotor disks, the housing and the vanes constructed so that, during operation of the rotary piston pump, fluid entering the housing through the inlet port is carried by the rotor, in each of compartments formed between adjacent vanes, the rotor surface between the vanes, the rotor disks and the corresponding portions of the end walls and interior sidewall of the housing, until the adjacent vanes encompass the outlet port where the fluid is allowed to leave the housing,
at least one aperture being provided in each compartment through each rotor disk to permit fluid communication from the compartment to the end space, thereby to permit equalization of fluid pressure in the compartment and in the end space; and
the end space between each of the corresponding housing end walls and rotor disks being provided with partitioned sections extending in a line between the fluid inlet and fluid outlet ports and dividing that end space into two or more sub-sections, the partition sections constructed so as to withstand pressure differentials between the sub-sections on either side of the partition sections.
2. A pump according to claim 1, wherein the means to enable the vanes to move to extended position comprise springs urging the vanes to that position.
3. A pump according to claim 1, wherein the means to enable the vanes to move to extended position comprise upward extensions of shoulders at the sides of each vane, which upper extensions contain pins seated in races continuously extending in portions of the interior sidewall of the housing and positioned so that, as the pins move about the races, they move their respective vanes outwardly.
4. The rotary piston device according to claim 1, wherein the rotor is provided with four slots, and four vanes, one of said vanes being slidably seated within each slot of the rotor.
5. The rotary piston device according to claim 4, wherein at least one aperture through the rotor disk is provided in each quadrant between adjacent slots.
6. A rotary piston pump for fluids comprising:
a shaft to rotate about a longitudinal axis;
a rotor centrally secured to the shaft, the rotor having a body with a cylindrical surface extending between spaced ends;
a rotor disk secured at each end of the rotor, each rotor disk secured at a center to the shaft;
a housing encasing the rotor and rotor disks and portions of the shaft within an internal cavity, the housing having interior end walls adjacent to the corresponding rotor end disks, and an interior sidewall, with fluid inlet and fluid outlet ports in the interior sidewall, a first portion of the interior sidewall of the housing being cylindrical and curved with a constant radius over an angle of about approximately 180\xb0, the first portion being spaced a constant distance from confronting portions of the cylindrical surface of the rotor, and a second portion of the interior sidewall of the housing extending from the extremities of the first portion of the interior sidewall, and a curvature of the second portion having a greater radius than a curvature of the first portion, the cylindrical surface of the rotor being proximal to the interior sidewall of the housing at a point between the fluid inlet and fluid outlet ports about midway along the second portion, the fluid inlet and fluid outlet ports being located in this second portion of the interior sidewall of the housing;
two or more equally spaced, radially oriented slots in the rotor longitudinally extending across the cylindrical surface of the rotor body;
two or more similar vanes, each vane having internal and external edges extending between sides, each vane slidably seated in one of said slots, each vane movable radially in the corresponding slot between an extended position with the external edge of the vane adjacent the interior sidewall of the housing, and a retracted position wherein the external edge of the vane does not extend beyond the cylindrical surface of the rotor, the vanes being spaced from adjacent vanes about the rotor such that there is always a vane positioned between the fluid inlet and fluid outlet ports;
a plurality of slots in the rotor disks aligned with the rotor slots and slidably receiving the sides of the vanes;
the rotor disks, the housing and the vanes constructed so that, during operation of the rotary piston pump, fluid entering the housing through the inlet port is carried by the rotor, in each of compartments formed between adjacent vanes, the rotor surface between the vanes, the rotor disks and the corresponding portions of the end walls and interior sidewall of the housing, until the adjacent vanes encompass the outlet port where the fluid is allowed to leave the housing,
a pair of configured depressions positioned in each of the end walls, open towards the corresponding rotor disk,
ports at the bottoms of the slots in the rotor disks passing through the rotor disks to provide fluid communication between lower portions of the rotor disk slots below the vanes and the configured depressions, and
at least one aperture being provided in each compartment through each rotor disk, the apertures and configured depressions positioned to be intermittently aligned, during operation of the pump, so as to permit equalization of fluid pressure in the compartment and in the configured depressions when the apertures are in alignment with the configured depressions; and
the configured depressions being configured so as to deliver, during operation of the pump, the lesser pressure of fluid being drawn into the compartments from the inlet port through the slots below the vanes as the vanes pass over part of the second portion of the interior sidewall adjacent to the outlet port so as to urge those vanes inwardly towards retracted position, and to deliver the greater pressure of the fluid being carried in the compartments between the inlet and outlet ports through the slots below the vanes when the vanes approach the inlet port and pass over the constant radius portion of the sidewall so as to urge those vanes outwardly towards extended position.
7. A pump in accordance with claim 6 further provided with springs urging the vanes to extended position.
8. A pump in accordance with claim 6 provided with four slots in the rotor disk and four vanes.

The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.

1. A method for rendering input image data onto a display panel; said display panel substantially comprising a subpixel repeating group comprising at least one white subpixel and a plurality of primary color subpixels; the steps of said method comprising:
receiving input image data for rendering on said display panel;
for each individual color plane formed by said white subpixels and by same-colored primary color subpixels, subpixel rendering said input image data to produce subpixel rendered image data; and
sharpening the subpixel rendered image data with a luminance signal.
2. The method of claim 1 wherein a format of said input image data is one of a group, said group comprising: RGB, sRGB, and YCbCr.
3. The method of claim 1 wherein said plurality of primary colored subpixels comprises subpixels in at least three primary colors; and wherein said step of subpixel rendering comprises subpixel rendering said input image data for each of at least three color planes.
4. The method of claim 1 wherein the step of subpixel rendering further comprises:
determining a luminance image data component from said input image data; and
mapping said luminance image data component onto said white subpixels.
5. The method of claim 1 wherein the step of sharpening said subpixel rendered image data further comprises sharpening at least one color plane with luminance data.
6. The method of claim 5 wherein the step of sharpening at least one color plane with luminance data further comprises sharpening with a difference of gaussian filter.
7. A method for rendering input image data onto a display panel; said display panel substantially comprising a subpixel repeating group comprising at least one white subpixel and a plurality of primary color subpixels; the steps of said method comprising:
receiving input image data for rendering on said display;
for each individual color plane formed by said white subpixels and by same-colored primary color subpixels, computing an output luminance value for each subpixel of said color plane by multiplying data values of a spatial portion of said input image data by at least one image filter kernel; said image filter kernel comprising a matrix of coefficients arranged such that each coefficient represents a fractional part of one of said data values of said spatial portion of said input image data; and
sharpening said output luminance values with a luminance signal.
8. The method of claim 7 wherein the sum of said coefficients in the image filter kernel equals one.
9. A display system comprising:
a display panel substantially comprising a subpixel repeating group tiled across said panel in a regular pattern; said subpixel repeating group comprising at least one white subpixel and a plurality of colored subpixels in at least two primary colors;
input circuitry configured to receive input image data indicating an image for rendering on said display panel; and
subpixel rendering circuitry configured to compute an output luminance value for each subpixel of said display panel by multiplying data values of a spatial portion of said input image data by at least one image filter kernel; said image filter kernel comprising a matrix of coefficients arranged such that each coefficient represents a fractional part of one of said data values of said spatial portion of said input image data;
said subpixel rendering circuitry being further configured to sharpen said output luminance values using a luminance signal.
10. The display system of claim 9 wherein the sum of said coefficients in the image filter kernel equals one.