Author: claimsbot

What is claimed is:

1) A cellular phone receptacle comprised of cylindrically shaped structure, dimensioned to be contained within a standard automobile cup holder, having a rounded top, a flat bottom, a front, a rear, and a tactile surface so that, when mounted within an automobile cup holder, the tactile surface of the receptacle cooperates with the cup holder surfaces to fix the receptacle in place within the cup holder.
2) The cellular phone receptacle of claim 1, further including a groove, symmetrically located at the center of the rounded top and dimensioned to accept a cellular telephone whereby the mounted cellular telephone is fixed in place by the tactile surface of the receptacle.
3) The groove of claim 2, in which the base of said groove slopes downwardly from the rear of the rounded top of the cellular phone receptacle to the front.
4) The groove of claim 3, in which the base of said groove further includes a triangularly shaped slot that provides access to the bottom of the mounted cellular phone to facilitate removal.
5) The cellular phone receptacle of claim 3, further including a pen or pencil holder located adjacent to the groove.
6) The cellular phone receptacle of claim 1, in which the cylindrically shaped structure is generally of larger diameter at the rounded top.
7) The cellular phone receptacle of claim 1, in which said receptacle is composed of a closed cell foam rubber material to preclude the receptacle from becoming an object of intervention during a collision.
8) A cellular phone receptacle comprising:
A cylindrically shaped structure having a rounded top, a flat bottom, a front, a rear, a tactile surface and dimensioned to be contained within an automobile cup holder wherein the tactile surface of the receptacle cooperates with the cup holder surfaces to fix the receptacle in place within the cup holder.
9) The cellular phone receptacle of claim 8, further including a symmetrically located groove in the rounded top that is dimensioned to accept a cellular telephone whereby the mounted cellular telephone is fixed in place by the tactile surface of the receptacle.
10) The groove of claim 9, wherein the base of the groove slopes downwardly from the rear of the receptacle to the front.
11) The groove of claim 10, further comprising a triangularly shaped slot at the base of the groove that facilitates removal of the mounted cellular telephone.
12) The cellular phone receptacle of claim 10, further including a pen or pencil holder located adjacent to said groove.
13) The cellular phone receptacle of claim 8, in which the cylindrically shaped structure is generally larger in diameter at the top.
14) The cellular phone receptacle of claim 1, in which said receptacle is composed of a closed cell foam rubber material to preclude the receptacle from becoming an object of intervention during a collision.

The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.

1. An apparatus for producing a vacuum, comprising:
a closed vessel having a gas inlet means, liquid inlet means and liquid outlet means;
an open vessel, arranged in vertical spaced relationship below said closed vessel, and having liquid inlet means, gas outlet means and liquid outlet means;
tubular means between said liquid outlet means in said closed vessel and said liquid inlet means in said open vessel so as to provide a fluid flowpath therebetween;
pump means between said liquid outlet means in said open vessel and said liquid inlet means in said closed vessel arranged so as to circulate liquid from said open vessel to said closed vessel; and
aerator means in said closed vessel arranged so as to entrain gas from said gas inlet means in said liquid flowing in said fluid flowpath between said closed vessel and said open vessel.
2. An apparatus as claimed in claim 1 wherein said tubular means comprises a pipe in the range 20-40 feet long.
3. An apparatus as claimed in claim 2 wherein said pump means is driven by a motor in the range of 12-15 HP.
4. An apparatus as claimed in claim 1 wherein said liquid is water and said gas is air.
5. A method for creating a vacuum comprising:
providing a closed vessel having a gas inlet means, liquid inlet means and liquid outlet means;
an open vessel, arranged in vertical spaced relationship below said closed vessel, and having liquid inlet means, gas outlet means and liquid outlet means; tubular means between said liquid outlet means in said closed vessel and said liquid inlet means in said open vessel so as to provide a fluid flowpath therebetween;
pump means between said liquid outlet means in said open vessel and said liquid inlet means in said closed vessel arranged so as to circulate liquid from said open vessel to said closed vessel; and
aerator means in said closed vessel arranged so as to entrain gas from said gas inlet means in said liquid flowing in said fluid flowpath between said closed vessel and said open vessel;
operating said pump means so as to raise liquid from said open vessel to a level adjacent an upper end of said aerator means and circulate liquid through said fluid flowpath;
opening said gas inlet means so as to admit gas to said aerator means and thereby become entrained in said liquid flowing in said fluid flowpath; and
releasing said entrained gas from said open vessel.
6. A method as claimed in claim 5 wherein said liquid is water and said gas is air.

What is claimed is:

1. A semiconductor socket comprising:
a stage used for positioning of a semiconductor device at a bottom of which a plurality of external inputoutput terminals is mounted;
probes used to come into contact with said plurality of external inputoutput terminal in said semiconductor device on which positioning has been performed by approaching of said stage;
a socket base in which said probes are housed in a manner so as to be inserted or pulled out on a face being opposite to said stage; and
a falling-off preventing unit mounted to a face of said socket base being opposite to said stage in a manner so as to be removable and operated to prevent said probes from falling off.
2. The semiconductor socket according to claim 1, further comprising:
a guide pin which extrudes from said face of said socket base being opposite to said stage and pierces said stage to guide said stage in a manner that said stage is able to come near to or to part from said probe and
an E-ring mounted to an end of said guide pin having pierced said stage in a manner so as to be attachable and detachable.
3. The semiconductor socket according to claim 1, further comprising a guide pin being inserted from a bottom of said socket base and being fixed in a manner that it pierces said falling-off preventing unit and can be removable on said stage and to guide said stage in a manner that said stage is able to come near to or part from said probe.
4. A method of replacing a probe in a semiconductor socket being provided with a stage used for positioning of a semiconductor device at a bottom of which a plurality of external inputoutput terminals is mounted, probes used to come into contact with said plurality of external inputoutput terminal in said semiconductor device on which positioning has been performed by approaching of said stage, a socket base in which said probes are housed in a manner so as to be inserted or pulled out on a face being opposite to said stage and a falling-off preventing unit mounted to a face of said socket base being opposite to said stage in a manner so as to be removable and operated to prevent said probes from falling off, said method comprising:
a step of removing said stage from said socket base;
a step of removing said falling-off preventing unit from said socket base; and
a step of removing a probe to be replaced from said socket base and of inserting a new probe, instead of said probe to be replaced, into said socket base.

The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.

1. A method of correcting skin color in an image, the method comprising:
extracting skin colors;
analyzing the extracted skin colors to calculate axes of a different vector space;
transforming the extracted skin colors to the different vector space;
using the result of the transformed skin colors to identify a color from an input image as a skin color; and
correcting the color identified as a skin color.
2. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
detecting a skin region in the input image;
and wherein extracting further comprises:
extracting skin colors from the detected skin region.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein extracting further comprises:
extracting skin colors from a skin training image.
4. The method of claim 2, wherein detecting a skin region further comprises:
detecting a face region as a skin region in an input image.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein analyzing further comprises:
analyzing the extracted skin colors to calculate axes of a different vector space, the axes being calculated using principal components analysis (PCA).
6. The method of claim 1, wherein projecting further comprises:
projecting the transformed colors to fewer dimensions of the different vector space.
7. The method of claim 4, wherein skin color regions are extracted from the face region.
8. The method of claim 6, further comprising:
generating a lookup table according to the result of projecting the skin colors to fewer dimensions of the different vector space; and
wherein using the result further comprises: using the lookup table to identify a color from the input image as a skin color.
9. The method of claim 6, wherein projecting further comprises:
projecting the extracted skin colors to fewer dimensions of the different vector space, the fewer dimensions excluding a principal axis, wherein the principal axis is the axis having the largest eigenvalue of the axes of the different space.
10. The method of claim 1, wherein extracting further comprises:
extracting 3-dimensional skin colors; and
wherein analyzing further comprises:
analyzing the extracted skin colors to calculate axes of a 3-dimensional PCA vector space; and

projecting the extracted skin colors to 2-dimensions of the 3-dimensional PCA vector space.
11. The method of claim 8, wherein the lookup table comprises skin colors projected to 2-dimensions of the different vector space.
12. The method of claim 1, wherein correcting the color identified as a skin color further comprises:
extracting the color from the input image;
transforming the color to the new vector space; and
identifying the color as a skin color based on a closeness of the transformed color to the transformed skin colors in the new vector space,
wherein identifying the color as a skin color further comprises:
identifying the color as a skin color further based on identifying skin regions in the input image and identifying the color as a skin color based on the geographic closeness of the color to an identified skin region in the input image.
13. The method of claim 1, wherein colors are represented using one of the following color models: red, green, and blue (RGB); hue-intensity-saturation (HIS); luminance and hue (YIQ); and, luminance and chrominance (YCC).
14. An apparatus for skin color correction, the apparatus comprising:
a face region detecting unit configured to detect a face region in an input image;
a skin color extracting unit configured to extract skin colors from the detected face region;
a principal component analyzing unit configured to perform a principal components analysis using skin colors to calculate axes for a principal component analysis (PCA) vector space and transform the extracted skin colors to the PCA space; and
a skin color correcting unit configured to identify a color of the input image as a skin color using the result of the transformed skin colors to the PCA space and configured to correct a color identified as a skin color.
15. The apparatus of claim 14, wherein the principal component analyzing unit is further configured to project the transformed extracted skin colors to 2-dimensions of the PCA space.
16. The apparatus of claim 15, wherein the principal component analyzing unit is further configured to project the transformed extracted skin colors to 2-dimensions of the PCA space, the 2-dimensions not including a principal axis, wherein the principal axis is an axis having the largest eigenvalue from among the axes of the PCA space.
17. The apparatus of claim 14, wherein the principal component analyzing unit is configured to perform a principal components analysis using skin colors extracted by the skin color extracting unit.
18. The apparatus of claim 14, further comprising a lookup table generating unit for generating a lookup table according to the result of the transformed skin colors to the PCA space,
wherein the skin color correcting unit identifies a color as a skin color using the lookup table.
19. The apparatus of claim 14, wherein the skin color correcting unit comprises:
a skin region separating unit for separating skin regions from the input image according to skin color;
a skin correction region designating unit for designating regions to perform skin color correction from among the separated skin regions; and
a skin color correction processing unit for performing a skin color correction on the designated regions.
20. A computer readable recording medium encoded with a computer executable program to perform a method comprising:
extracting skin colors;
analyzing the extracted skin colors to calculate axes of a different vector space;
transforming the extracted skin colors to the different vector space;
using the result of the transformed skin colors to identify a color from an input image as a skin color; and
correcting the color identified as a skin color.