Author: claimsbot

1. An image forming apparatus comprising:
an apparatus main body including
an image carrier carrying a toner image, and
a main body side connecting part including a main body side connector having a main body side terminal and a main body side housing holding the main body side connector;

a development device attachablydetachably installed to the apparatus main body to supply a toner to the image carrier; and
a toner case attachablydetachably installed to the development device to supply a toner to the development device and including
a case side connecting part including a case side connector having a case side terminal contactable with the main body side terminal and a case side housing holding the case side connector,

wherein the development device is configured to be movable in a first direction as an approachseparation direction to the image carrier in a situation in which the development device is installed to the apparatus main body,
the case side housing fits to the main body side housing and the case side terminal comes into contact with the main body side terminal in a situation in which the development device is installed to the apparatus main body and the toner case is installed to the development device.
2. The image forming apparatus according to claim 1, wherein
the development device includes a fitting part fitting to the main body side housing with a gap in the first direction.
3. The image forming apparatus according to claim 2, wherein
the fitting part is configured to fit to the main body side housing with a gap in a third direction intersecting the first direction and a second direction as an attaching direction of the toner case to the development device.
4. The image forming apparatus according to claim 2, wherein
the fitting part is configured to fit to the main body side housing without a gap in a third direction intersecting the first direction and a second direction as an attaching direction of the toner case to the development device.
5. The image forming apparatus according to claim 1, wherein
the apparatus main body further includes a supporting member supporting the main body side connecting part in a movable state in the first direction.
6. The image forming apparatus according to claim 5, wherein
the supporting member is configured to support the main body side connecting part in a movable state in a third direction intersecting the first direction and a second direction as an attaching direction of the toner case to the development device.
7. The image forming apparatus according to claim 5, wherein
the supporting member is configured to support the main body side connecting part in a state that the movement in a third direction intersecting the first direction and a second direction as an attaching direction of the toner case to the development device is restricted.
8. The image forming apparatus according to claim 1, wherein
the main body side connecting part is configured to be movable along a second direction as an attaching direction of the toner case to the development device,
the apparatus main body further includes a biasing member biasing the main body side connecting part to a near side in the second direction.
9. The image forming apparatus according to claim 1, wherein
the main body side connecting part is configured to be movable along a second direction as an attaching direction of the toner case to the development device,
the apparatus main body further includes
an installed part to which the development device is installed, and
a swinging member, which includes a pressured part inserted in the installed part, a pressuring part located at a far side in the second direction of the main body side connecting part, and a fulcrum part arranged between the pressured part and pressuring part, configured to be swingable around the fulcrum part,

when the development device is installed to the installed part, the development device pressures the pressured part and the swinging member swings around the fulcrum part, and then, the pressuring part pressures the main body side connecting part and the main body side connecting part is moved to the near side in the second direction.
10. The image forming apparatus according to claim 1, wherein
the apparatus main body further includes a biasing body biasing the development device to a direction approaching the image carrier.
11. A toner case arranged to an image forming apparatus including an apparatus main body and a development device, wherein
the apparatus main body includes
an image carrier carrying a toner image, and
a main body side connecting part including a main body side connector having a main body side terminal and a main body side housing holding the main body side connector,

the development device is attachablydetachably installed to the apparatus main body to supply a toner to the image carrier,
the toner case is attachablydetachably installed to the development device to supply a toner to the development device and includes
a case side connecting part including a case side connector having a case side terminal contactable with the main body side terminal and a case side housing holding the case side connector, and

the development device is configured to be movable in a first direction as an approachseparation direction to the image carrier in a situation in which the development device is installed to the apparatus main body,
the case side housing fits to the main body side housing and the case side terminal comes into contact with the main body side terminal in a situation in which the development device is installed to the apparatus main body and the toner case is installed to the development device.
12. The toner case according to claim 11, wherein
the development device includes a fitting part fitting to the main body side housing with a gap in the first direction.
13. The toner case according to claim 12, wherein
the fitting part is configured to fit to the main body side housing with a gap in a third direction intersecting the first direction and a second direction as an attaching direction of the toner case to the development device.
14. The toner case according to claim 12, wherein
the fitting part is configured to fit to the main body side housing without a gap in a third direction intersecting the first direction and a second direction as an attaching direction of the toner case to the development device.
15. The toner case according to claim 11, wherein
the apparatus main body further includes a supporting member supporting the main body side connecting part in a movable state in the first direction.
16. The toner case according to claim 15, wherein
the supporting member is configured to support the main body side connecting part in a movable state in a third direction intersecting the first direction and a second direction as an attaching direction of the toner case to the development device.
17. The toner case according to claim 15, wherein
the supporting member is configured to support the main body side connecting part in a state that the movement in a third direction intersecting the first direction and a second direction as an attaching direction of the toner case to the development device is restricted.
18. The toner case according to claim 11, wherein
the main body side connecting part is configured to be movable along a second direction as an attaching direction of the toner case to the development device,
the apparatus main body further includes a biasing member biasing the main body side connecting part to a near side in the second direction.
19. The toner case according to claim 11, wherein
the main body side connecting part is configured to be movable along a second direction as an attaching direction of the toner case to the development device,
the apparatus main body further includes
an installed part to which the development device is installed, and
a swinging member, which includes a pressured part inserted in the installed part, a pressuring part located at a far side in the second direction of the main body side connecting part, and a fulcrum part arranged between the pressured part and pressuring part, configured to be swingable around the fulcrum part,

when the development device is installed to the installed part, the development device pressures the pressured part and the swinging member swings around the fulcrum part, and then, the pressuring part pressures the main body side connecting part and the main body side connecting part is moved to the near side in the second direction.
20. The toner case according to claim 11, wherein
the apparatus main body further includes a biasing body biasing the development device to a direction approaching the image carrier.

The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.

1. A single tone RF signal generator comprising:
an output;
a power amplifier having an input, wherein the power amplifier is operable to:
receive at said input an RF signal including a first harmonic corresponding to a single tone RF signal to be produced by the RF signal generator;
amplify the RF signal, and
provide the amplified RF signal to the output of the signal generator; and

a feedback circuit connected between the output of the signal generator and the input of the power amplifier,

wherein the feedback circuit is configured to add one or more predistortion harmonics to the RF signal received by the power amplifier for cancelling harmonics in the amplified RF signal provided by the power amplifier.
2. The single tone RF signal generator of claim 1 wherein the first harmonic has a frequency F, and wherein the predistortion harmonics have frequencies n\xd7F, where n is an integer greater than 1.
3. The single tone RF signal generator of claim 2, further comprising a respective oscillator for generating the first harmonic and each predistortion harmonic of the RF signal received by the power amplifier.
4. The single tone RF signal generator of claim 2, further comprising a common oscillator and one or more frequency dividers for dividing the frequency produced by the common oscillator to generate the first harmonic and each predistortion harmonic of the RF signal received by the power amplifier.
5. The single tone RF signal generator of claim 4, wherein the common oscillator is configured to generate a frequency N\xd7F, where N is the value of n for the highest predistortion harmonic added to the RF signal.
6. The single tone RF signal generator of claim 1, wherein the feedback circuit includes:
a down-conversion stage for down-converting a frequency of the feedback signal from the output of the single tone RF signal generator; and
one or more detectors for detecting the power of the single tone RF signal produced by the single tone RF signal generator and one or more harmonics of the single tone RF signal.
7. The single tone RF signal generator of claim 6, wherein the down-conversion stage includes one or more pairs of mixers and oscillators for down-converting the single tone RF signal and said one or more harmonics into respective DC or lower frequency signals indicative of their power.
8. The single tone RF signal generator of claim 1, wherein the feedback circuit is operable to determine the phases and amplitudes of the one or more predistortion harmonics as a linear function of the phase andor amplitude of the single tone RF signal.
9. The single tone RF signal generator of claim 8, operable dynamically to adjust the phases and amplitudes of the one or more predistortion harmonics in response to a change in the phase andor amplitude of the single tone RF signal.
10. The single tone RF signal generator of claim 8, operable to perform a calibration routine in which the phase(s) and amplitude(s) of one or more lower predistortion harmonics are determined prior to determination of one or more higher predistortion harmonics.
11. The single tone RF signal generator of claim 1, wherein the RF signal received by the power amplifier is given by:
x\u2032(t)=a sin(\u03c9t+\u03c6)+b sin(2\u03c9t+\u03c62)+c sin(3\u03c9t+\u03c63)

where:
a, \u03c6 and \u03c9 are the amplitude, phase and angular frequency of the first harmonic;
b, c, \u03c62 and \u03c63 are the amplitudes and phases of the predistortion harmonics, wherein b<<a and c<<a such that the second and third harmonics of the output signal of the power amplifer may be approximated to:
H
\ue89e
\ue89e
2

=
\u03b1
1

\ue89e
b
\ue89e
\ue89e

sin
\ue8a0

(
2
\ue89e
\u03c9
\ue89e
\ue89e
t

+

\u03d5
2
)
–
1
2

\ue89e

\u03b1
2

\ue89e

a
2

\ue89e

cos
\ue8a0

(
2
\ue89e
\u03c9
\ue89e
\ue89e
t

+

2
\ue89e
\u03d5
)
+
3
2

\ue89e

\u03b1
3

\ue89e

a
2

\ue89e
b
\ue89e
\ue89e

sin
\ue8a0

(
2
\ue89e
\u03c9
\ue89e
\ue89e
t

+

\u03d5
2
)
H
\ue89e
\ue89e
3

=
\u03b1
1

\ue89e
c
\ue89e
\ue89e

sin
\ue8a0

(
3
\ue89e
\u03c9
\ue89e
\ue89e
t

+

\u03d5
3
)
+
3
4

\ue89e
\u03b1
3
–
a
3

3
\ue89e

sin
\ue8a0

(
3
\ue89e
\u03c9
\ue89e
\ue89e
t

+

3
\ue89e
\u03d5
)
+

2
\ue89e

a
2

\ue89e
c
\ue89e
\ue89e

sin
\ue8a0

(
3
\ue89e
\u03c9
\ue89e
\ue89e
t

+

\u03d5
3
)
and wherein
b
\u2248

–
a
2

\ue89e

\u03b1
2
2
\ue89e

\u03b1
1
+

3
\ue89e

a
2

\ue89e

\u03b1
3
\u03d5
2

\u2248
2
\ue89e
\u03d5

–

\u03c0
2
c
\u2248
1
2

\ue89e
a
3

\ue89e

\u03b1
3
2
\ue89e

\u03b1
1
+

3
\ue89e

a
2

\ue89e

\u03b1
3
\u03d5
3

\u2248

3
\ue89e
\u03d5
for cancelling out the second and third harmonics.
12. The single tone RF signal generator of claim 1, wherein the feedback circuit is further configured to add one or more predistortion harmonics for cancelling spur in the amplified RF signal provided by the power amplifier.
13. An RF heating apparatus comprising a single tone RF signal generator according to claim 1.
14. A method of generating a single tone RF signal, the method comprising:
amplifying an RF signal including a first harmonic corresponding to the single tone RF signal;
providing the amplified RF signal to an output of a single tone RF signal generator; and
cancelling harmonics in the amplified RF signal provided to the output by using feedback from the output to add one or more predistortion harmonics to the RF signal prior to said amplifying.
15. The method of claim 14, wherein the first harmonic has a frequency F, and wherein the predistortion harmonics have frequencies n\xd7F, where n is an integer greater than 1.

1. An apparatus for providing selectively-colored light, consisting of:
a circuit including
a plurality of diodes each including an anode and a cathode, wherein the plurality of diodes include
a first diode that emits a first light defined by a first wavelength,
a second diode that emits a second light defined by a second wavelength, and
a third diode that emits a third light defined by a third wavelength, wherein a summation of one or more of the first, second and third light defines a selectively-colored light; and

a controller including
a first output connected to
the anode of the first diode, and
the cathode of the second diode,

a second output connected to
the cathode of the first diode,
the anode of the second diode, and
the anode of the third diode, and

a third output connected to
the cathode of the third diode.
2. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein each of the first, second, and third wavelengths are unique and inclusive to the visible spectrum approximately ranging between 700 nm and 400 nm.
3. The apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the first diode is a red diode that emits visible red light, wherein the second diode is a green diode that emits visible green light, wherein the third diode is a blue diode that emits visible blue light.
4. The apparatus according to claim 3, wherein the plurality of diodes includes a fourth diode, wherein the second output is connected to the cathode of the fourth diode, wherein the third output is connected to the anode of the fourth diode.
5. The apparatus according to claim 4, wherein the fourth diode emits light selected from the group consisting of white light, ultraviolet light or infrared light.
6. The apparatus according to claim 4 further comprising
a first resistor disposed between the cathode of the first diode and the second output of the controller,
a second resistor disposed between the anode of the second diode and the second output of the controller,
a third resistor disposed between the anode of the third diode and the second output of the controller, and
a fourth resistor disposed between the anode of the fourth diode and the second output of the controller.
7. The apparatus according to claim 4, wherein the white diode comprises a blue diode covered with a yellowish phosphor coating.
8. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the circuit is interfaced with a vehicle, wherein the selectively-colored light is emitted from within a passenger compartment area of the vehicle andor exterior the passenger compartment area of the vehicle.
9. A method for providing selectively-colored light from the circuit recited in claim 1, comprising the steps of:
providing a diode control signal to the second output of the controller; and
permitting an emission of light from one or more of the diodes depending on
a low or high state of the control signal, and
a high state of a diode activation signal sent to one or more of the first and third outputs.
10. The method according to claim 9, wherein the control signal is a pulse width modulation (PWM) signal.
11. The method according to claim 10, wherein the duty cycle of the PWM signal is approximately 50%.
12. A method for providing selectively-colored light from a circuit including a controller having first, second and third outputs, said method comprising the steps of:
connecting the first output of the controller to an anode of a first diode and a cathode of a second diode;
connecting the second output of the controller to a cathode of the first diode and an anode of the second diode and an anode of a third diode; and
connecting the third output of the controller to a cathode of the third diode.
13. The method according to claims 12 further comprising the steps of:
providing a diode onoff control signal to the second output of the controller;
providing a diode activation signal to each of the first and third outputs; and
emitting light from one or more of the diodes to provide a saturated or unsaturated light.
14. The method according to claim 13, wherein the onoff control signal is a pulse width modulation (PWM) signal.
15. The method according to claim 14, wherein the duty cycle of the PWM signal is approximately 50%.
16. The method according to claim 14, wherein light emitted from the first diode is permitted to occur during the first half of the period of the PWM signal, wherein light emitted from each of the second and third diodes is permitting to occur during the second half of the period of the PWM signal.
17. The method according to claim 15 further comprising the step of
connecting the second output of the controller to a cathode of a fourth diode; and
connecting the third output of the controller to an anode of the fourth diode.
18. The method according to claim 17, wherein light emitted from the fourth diode is permitted to occur during the first half of the period of the PWM signal.

The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.

1. A disk apparatus for reproducing information data recorded in an optical disk, comprising:
signal level detect means for rotating an optical disk loaded into the disk apparatus at a given number of rotations and turning on a focus servo in the off state of a tracking servo to detect the amplitude of an RF signal read out from the optical disk by an optical pickup at every given time intervals;
first determining means for determining whether the maximum value of the amplitude of an RF signal detected by the signal level detect means is equal to or larger than a first reference level and the minimum value of the detected amplitude of the RF signal is equal to or smaller than a second reference level or not;
counting means, when the first determining means determines that the maximum value of the amplitude of the RF signal detected by the signal level detect means is equal to or larger than the first reference level and the minimum value of the detected amplitude of the RF signal is equal to or smaller than the second reference level, for counting the number of RF signals the amplitudes of which detected by the signal level detect means are equal to or larger than the first reference level as the number of detected times of CAPA (Complimentary Allocated Pit Address) areas;
second determining means for determining whether the optical disk has been rotated a given amount or not;
third determining means, when the second determining means determines that the optical disk has been rotated a given amount, for determining whether the number of detected times of CAPA (Complimentary Allocated Pit Address) areas counted by the counting means is at least equal to or larger than a given number of times or not; and
fourth determining means, when the third determining means determines that the number of detected times of CAPA (Complimentary Allocated Pit Address) areas counted by the counting means is equal to or larger than a given number of times, for identifying the optical disk loaded into the disk apparatus as a DVD-RAM optical disk and, when the third determining means determines that the number of detected times of CAPA (Complimentary Allocated Pit Address) areas counted by the counting means is not equal to or larger than a given number of times, for identifying the optical disk loaded into the disk apparatus as other optical disk than the DVD-RAM optical disk.
2. A disk apparatus for reproducing information data recorded in an optical disk, comprising:
signal level detect means for rotating an optical disk loaded into the disk apparatus at a given number of rotations and turning on a focus servo in the off state of a tracking servo to detect the amplitude of an RF signal read out from the optical disk by an optical pickup at every given time intervals;
first determining means for determining whether the maximum value of the amplitude of an RF signal detected by the signal level detect means is equal to or larger than a first reference level and the minimum value of the detected amplitude of the RF signal is equal to or smaller than a second reference level or not;
counting means for counting the number of detected times of CAPA (Complimentary Allocated Pit Address) areas according to the determining results of the first determining means;
second determining means for determining whether the optical disk has been rotated a given amount or not;
third determining means, when the second determining means determines that the optical disk has been rotated a given amount, for determining whether the number of detected times of CAPA (Complimentary Allocated Pit Address) areas counted by the counting means is at least equal to or larger than a given number of times or not; and
fourth determining means for distinguishing the kind of the optical disk according to the determining results of the third determining means.
3. The disk apparatus as set forth in claim 2, wherein the counting means is counting means which, when the first determining means determines that the maximum value of the amplitude of the RF signal detected by the signal level detect means is equal to or larger than the first reference level and the minimum value of the detected amplitude of the RF signal is equal to or smaller than the second reference level, counts the number of RF signals the amplitudes of which detected by the signal level detect means are equal to or larger than the first reference level as the number of detected times of CAPA (Complimentary Allocated Pit Address) areas.
4. The disk apparatus as set forth in claim 2, wherein the fourth determining means is determining means which, when the third determining means determines that the number of detected times of CAPA (Complimentary Allocated Pit Address) areas counted by the counting means is equal to or larger than a given number of times, identifies the optical disk loaded into the disk apparatus as a DYD-RAM optical disk.
5. The disk apparatus as set forth in claim 2, wherein the fourth determining means is determining means which, when the third determining means determines that the number of detected times of CAPA (Complimentary Allocated Pit Address) areas counted by the counting means is not equal to or larger than a given number of times, identifies the optical disk loaded into the disk apparatus as other optical disk than the DVD-RAM optical disk.
6. A disk apparatus for reproducing information data recorded in an optical disk, comprising:
a signal level detect unit that rotates an optical disk loaded into the disk apparatus at a given number of rotations and turns on a focus servo in the off state of a tracking servo to detect the amplitude of an RF signal read out from the optical disk by an optical pickup at every given time intervals;
a first determining unit that determines whether the maximum value of the amplitude of an RF signal detected by the signal level detect unit is equal to or larger than a first reference level and the minimum value of the detected amplitude of the RF signal is equal to or smaller than a second reference level or not;
a counting unit that counts the number of detected times of CAPA (Complimentary Allocated Pit Address) areas according to the determining results of the first determining unit;
a second determining unit that determines whether the optical disk has been rotated a given amount or not;
a third determining unit, when the second determining unit determines that the optical disk has been rotated a given amount, determines whether the number of detected times of CAPA (Complimentary Allocated Pit Address) areas counted by the counting unit is at least equal to or larger than a given number of times or not; and
a fourth determining unit that distinguishes the kind of the optical disk according to the determining results of the third determining unit.