1. A controller for driving and controlling rotation of an electric motor comprising:
a first current-supply circuit for supplying driving current to the electric motor via a first power line;
a second current-supply circuit for supplying driving current to the electric motor via a second power supply line;
a control board to which control terminals are connected, wherein control signals for controlling switching operations of switching elements included in the first and second current-supply circuits are inputted to the control terminals;
an integrated circuit mounted to the control board and having a first pre-driver circuit for outputting the control signals to the first current-supply circuit and a second pre-driver circuit for outputting the control signals to the second current-supply circuit; and
a micro-computer mounted to the control board on a center line for outputting operation signals for controlling outputs of the control signals of the first and second pre-driver circuits, wherein a distance between the center line and the first current-supply circuit and a distance between the center line and the second current-supply circuit is substantially equal to each other,
wherein output terminals of the micro-computer for outputting the operation signals to the first pre-driver circuit and output terminals of the micro-computer for outputting the operation signals to the second pre-driver circuit are arranged so as to be symmetric with respect to the center line,
wherein the integrated circuit has first and second input terminals, which are mounted to the control board so as to be symmetric with respect to the center line, wherein the operation signals are respectively transmitted from the micro-computer to the first and second input terminals via wiring patterns formed on the control board and then inputted into the first and second pre-driver circuits, and
wherein the integrated circuit has first and second output terminals, which are mounted to the control board so as to be symmetric with respect to the center line, wherein the control signals are respectively outputted from the first and second pre-driver circuits to the first and second current-supply circuits via wiring patterns formed on the control board.
2. The controller according to the claim 1, wherein
the wiring patterns for connecting the micro-computer to the first pre-driver circuit and the wiring patterns for connecting the micro-computer to the second pre-driver circuit are formed on the control board so as to be symmetric with respect to the center line, and
the wiring patterns for connecting the first pre-driver circuit to the first current-supply circuit and the wiring patterns for connecting the second pre-driver circuit to the second current-supply circuit are formed on the control board so as to be symmetric with respect to the center line.
3. The controller according to the claim 1, wherein
the integrated circuit includes the first and second pre-driver circuits and is mounted to the control board on the center line.
4. The controller according to the claim 1, wherein
the integrated circuit is composed of a first integrated circuit having the first pre-driver circuit and a second integrated circuit having the second pre-driver circuit, and
the first and the second integrated circuits are mounted to the control board so as to be symmetric with respect to the center line.
5. The controller according to the claim 1, further comprising:
a heat sink having a first and a second heat radiating block, wherein a first power module including the first current-supply circuit is attached to the first heat radiating block and a second power module including the second current-supply circuit is attached to the second heat radiating block, and
the control board is fixed to the heat sink in such a way that the control board overstrides the first and second heat radiating blocks.
6. The controller according to the claim 1, wherein
the electric motor has a first winding group for generating a rotating magnetic field when the driving current is supplied from the first current-supply circuit to the electric motor, and
the electric motor has a second winding group for generating a rotating magnetic field when the driving current is supplied from the second current-supply circuit to the electric motor.
The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.
1. A sensing system to detect and determine magnitude and direction of ciliary body movement within an eye of a patient, said system comprising:
a permanent magnet (PM) positioned in the ciliary body;
a sensing device (SD) positioned adjacent the ciliary body and configured to detect three-dimensional displacement of the permanent magnet relative to the sensing device via movement of the ciliary body during accommodation and disaccommodation; and
a data processing device (DPD) configured to determine magnitude and direction of the ciliary body movement based on the displacement of the permanent magnet detected by the sensing device and configured to dynamically calculate velocity and acceleration of the ciliary body movement during accommodation and disaccommodation.
2. The sensing system according to claim 1 wherein said permanent magnet is a rare-earth permanent magnet.
3. The sensing system according to claim 1 wherein said permanent magnet is positioned in the ciliary body between circular fibers of ciliary muscle and ciliary processes.
4. The sensing system according to claim 1 wherein said permanent magnet has a thin layer of biocompatible material to eliminate oxidation and adverse effects to the ciliary body.
5. The sensing system according to claim 1 wherein said permanent magnet has a biocompatible material layer in the range of about 10 to 20 \u03bcm.
6. The sensing system according to claim 1 wherein said permanent magnet has a metal layer selected from nickel, zinc, and aluminum.
7. The sensing system according to claim 1 wherein said permanent magnet has at least one magnetic orientation providing a fixed magnetic field with regard to a single magnet plane or axis.
8. The sensing system according to claim 1 wherein said sensing device is configured to detect change in the magnetic field of the permanent magnetic due to the movement of the ciliary body.
9. The sensing system according to claim 1 wherein said sensing device is configured to detect change in the magnetic field of the permanent magnetic due to the movement of the ciliary body such that three-dimensional magnetic field orientations and magnitudes of the position of the magnet relative to the sensor can be determined at any point in time.
10. The sensing system according to claim 1 wherein said sensing device comprises a three-dimensional Hall-effect sensor, compensation circuitry, and radio frequency circuitry for receiving power and transmitting sensor data to the data processing device.
11. The sensing system according to claim 1 wherein said data processing device comprises a RF transponder, amplification circuitry, analog-to-digital conversion circuitry, and digital signal processing circuitry.
12. The sensing system according to claim 1 wherein said sensing device and said data processing device are application specific integrated circuit (ASIC) devices.
13. The sensing system according to claim 1 wherein said sensing device and said data processing device are CMOS based devices.
14. The sensing system according to claim 1 wherein said data processing device comprises a digital signal processing circuitry having embedded memory and custom logic to perform filtering algorithms and to calculate position, velocity, and acceleration of the permanent magnet based on received sensor data from the sensing device.
15. A method of detecting and determining magnitude and direction of ciliary body movement within an eye of a patient using said sensing system of claim 1.
16. The method of claim 15 further comprises powering the sensing device wirelessly.
17. The method of claim 15 wherein the sensing device comprising a three-dimensional Hall-effect sensor, and said method further comprises sensing magnetic field strength of the permanent magnetic in all three coordinate dimensions (x, y and z).
18. A method of ciliary body movement within an eye, said method comprises:
positioning a permanent magnet (PM) in the ciliary body;
positioning a sensing device (SD) adjacent the ciliary body;
detecting three-dimensional displacement of the permanent magnet relative to the sensing device via movement of the ciliary body during accommodation and disaccommodation;
using a data processing device to determine magnitude and direction of the ciliary body movement based on the displacement of the permanent magnet detected by the sensing device;
using a data processing device to dynamically calculate velocity and acceleration of the ciliary body movement during accommodation and disaccommodation based on the displacement of the permanent magnet detected by the sensing device.
19. The method of claim 19 wherein said permanent magnet is positioned such that disaccommodation and accommodation of the ciliary body is detectable.
20. The method of claim 19 wherein the sensing device is positioned at a location that does not move in unison with the ciliary body.
21. The method of claim 19, further comprising:
generating a feedback control signal based on the displacement of the permanent magnet detected by the sensing device; and
controlling an intraocular device with said feedback control signal.
22. The sensing system according to claim 1, wherein said date processing device generates a feedback control signal to an intraocular device.