Author: claimsbot

1. A carbon nano-tube (CNT) composition comprising:
a CNT; and
chemical connected to the CNT and having an electron withdrawing functional group.
2. The CNT composition according to claim 1, wherein the number of the functional group of the chemical having an electron withdrawing functional group is one or more.
3. The CNT composition according to claim 2, wherein when the number of the functional group of the chemical having an electron withdrawing functional group is two or more, it is a homogeneous functional group or heterogeneous functional group.
4. The CNT composition according to claim 1, wherein the functional group includes \u2014CF3, \u2014CN, \u2014S\u2550O, \u2014SO3H, \u2014NO2, \u2014NR4+, \u2014COR, \u2014COOR, \u2014CONR2, \u2014F, \u2014Cl and \u2014Br where R is H or selected from a group consisting of alkyl group or aryl group of C1-C15.
5. The CNT composition according to claim 1, wherein the chemical is selected from a group consisting of dichloroethane, dibromoethane, iodobenzene, formic acid, acetic acid, formanide, dimethyl sulfoxide, nitromethane, nitrobenzene, nitric acid, acetonitrile, benzonitrile and perfluoro alkane.
6. A method of manufacturing a CNT thin film, comprising steps of:
preparing a CNT;
treating the CNT with chemical having an electron withdrawing functional group;
mixing the CNT treated with the chemical with a dispersing agent or dispersing solvent to prepare a CNT dispersed solution; and
forming a CNT thin film with the CNT dispersed solution.
7. The method according to claim 6, wherein the number of the functional group of the chemical having an electron withdrawing functional group is one or more.
8. The method according to claim 7, wherein when the number of the functional group of the chemical having an electron withdrawing functional group is two or more, it is a homogeneous functional group or heterogeneous functional group.
9. The method according to claim 6, wherein the functional group includes \u2014CF3, \u2014CN, \u2014S\u2550O, \u2014SO3H, \u2014NO2, \u2014NR4+, \u2014COR, \u2014COOR, \u2014CONR2, \u2014F, \u2014Cl and \u2014Br where R is H or selected from a group consisting of alkyl group or aryl group of C1-C15.
10. The method according to claim 6, wherein the chemical is selected from a group consisting of dichloroethane, dibromoethane, iodobenzene, formic acid, acetic acid, formanide, dimethyl sulfoxide, nitromethane, nitrobenzene, nitric acid, acetonitrile, benzonitrile and perfluoro alkane.
11. The method according to claim 6, wherein the CNT is treated with chemical having an electron donating functional group and is thus de-doped.
12. A method of manufacturing a CNT thin film, comprising steps of:
mixing a CNT with a dispersing agent or dispersing solvent to prepare a CNT dispersed solution;
forming a CNT thin film with the CNT dispersed solution; and
treating a surface of the CNT thin film with chemical having an electron withdrawing functional group.
13. The method according to claim 12, wherein the number of the functional group of the chemical having an electron withdrawing functional group is one or more.
14. The method according to claim 13, wherein when the number of the functional group of the chemical having an electron withdrawing functional group is two or more, it is a homogeneous functional group or heterogeneous functional group.
15. The method according to claim 12, wherein the functional group includes \u2014CF3, \u2014CN, \u2014S\u2550O, \u2014SO3H, \u2014NO2, \u2014NR4+, \u2014COR, \u2014COOR, \u2014CONR2, \u2014F, \u2014Cl and \u2014Br where R is H or selected from a group consisting of alkyl group or aryl group of C1-C15.
16. The method according to claim 12, wherein the chemical is selected from a group consisting of dichloroethane, dibromoethane, iodobenzene, formic acid, acetic acid, formanide, dimethyl sulfoxide, nitromethane, nitrobenzene, nitric acid, acetonitrile, benzonitrile and perfluoro alkane.
17. The method according to claim 12, wherein the CNT is treated with chemical having an electron donating functional group and is thus de-doped.

The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.

1. A method of producing a self-authenticating document, comprising:
providing a document stock having at least one anticounterfeit feature and having preprinted thereon an essentially unique identifier;
providing information content for the document comprising at least one of text and graphic images;
generating a digital signature of said information content;
producing a self-authenticating message comprising a cryptographic combination of the digital signature and the essentially unique identifier; and
printing the information content and the self-authenticating message on the document stock by means of a computer printer.
2. The method according to claim 1, further comprising the step of authenticating the document by verifying that the self-authenticating message corresponds to the digital signature of the information content and the essentially unique identifier.
3. The method according to claim 1, further comprising the step of receiving the information content and the self-authenticating message.
4. The method according to claim 1, wherein the anticounterfeit feature comprises a set of visually distinct fibers in said document stock.
5. The method according to claim 1, wherein the essentially unique identifier comprises a composite of a random portion and a predictable portion.
6. The method according to claim 1, further comprising the step of accounting to a content proprietor for a printing of the document.
7. The method according to claim 6, wherein said accounting comprises issuing a request for the document content and electronic payment information; and receiving content and its associated digital signature.
8. The method according to claim 1, wherein said preprinting step comprises printing with a computer printer using a non-secure communications channel.
9. The method according to claim 1, wherein said printing step comprises printing with said computer printer using a non-secure communications channel.
10. The method according to claim 1, wherein said printing step comprises communicating the essentially unique identifier over a network to a server, receiving the document content over the network from the server, and printing the received content on the document stock.
11. The method according to claim 1, wherein said providing and preprinting steps are conducted securely.
12. The method according to claim 1, wherein the anticounterfeit features comprise at least one of a lithographed pattern printed on the document stock and an integral non-deterministic characteristic of the document stock.
13. The method according to claim 12, wherein the non-deterministic characteristic comprises a fiber pattern, further comprising the steps of recording the fiber pattern prior to said printing, and authenticating the document stock by comparing a consistency of the recorded fiber pattern with a fiber pattern determined at a time of authentication.
14. The method according to claim 1, further comprising the step of authenticating the document based on a public key-private key algorithm which authenticates the essentially unique identifier together with the document content.
15. An authenticatable recording medium, comprising:
a document stock having at least one counterfeit resistant feature;
an imprinted unique identifier on the document stock;
an information content recording surface with a blank area suitable for printing at least one of text and graphic images by means of a computer printer and a blank area for printing a self-authenticating message;
information content recorded on the content recording surface, said information content defining a distinct identification element; and
a self-authenticating message recorded on the content recording surface for authenticating the recording medium with the information content and the unique identifier, said message comprising a cryptographic combination of the unique identifier and the distinct identification element.
16. The authenticatable recording medium according to claim 15, further comprising an ascertainable integral non-deterministic characteristic of the document stock.
17. The authenticatable recording medium according to claim 16, wherein the non-deterministic characteristic comprises a fiber pattern.
18. The authenticatable recording medium according to claim 15, wherein the imprinted tamper resistant unique identifier comprises a predictable portion and a random portion.

1. A method comprising:
displaying, utilizing an application, information on a touch-sensitive display;
detecting, on the touch-sensitive display, a touch at a touch location associated with multiple functions;
reporting, to the application, an indicator position associated with the touch location;
maintaining the indicator position to perform a first function of the multiple functions based on the indicator position when the touch ends.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the application comprises an embedded application.
3. The method according to claim 1, wherein the application comprises one of an ActionScript -based and a Flash\xae application.
4. The method according to claim 1, wherein the multiple functions comprise a first function performed in response to a roll-over and a second function performed in response to a selection.
5. The method according to claim 1, wherein the touch location is associated with the information.
6. The method according to claim 1, wherein detecting the touch comprises detecting movement of the touch to the touch location associated with multiple functions.
7. The method according to claim 1, wherein the first function comprises a function in response to a roll-over.
8. The method according to claim 1, wherein detecting the touch comprises detecting a beginning of the touch at the touch location and wherein a second function of the multiple functions is performed in response to detecting the beginning of the touch.
9. The method according to claim 8, wherein the second function of the multiple functions comprises a function performed in response to a selection.
10. A computer-readable medium having computer-readable code executable by at least one processor of the electronic device to perform the method of claim 1.
11. An electronic device comprising:
a touch-sensitive display;
a processor coupled to the touch-sensitive display to display information utilizing an application, detect on the touch-sensitive display, a touch at a touch location associated with multiple functions, report, to the application, an indicator position associated with the touch location, and maintain the indicator position to perform a first function of the multiple functions based on the indicator position when the touch ends.
12. The electronic device according to claim 11, wherein the application comprises an embedded application.
13. The electronic device according to claim 11, wherein the application comprises one of an ActionScript\xae-based and a Flash\xae application.
14. The electronic device according to claim 11, wherein the multiple functions comprise a first function performed in response to a roll-over and a second function performed in response to a selection.
15. The electronic device according to claim 11, wherein the touch location is associated with the information.
16. The electronic device according to claim 11, wherein movement of the touch to the touch location associated with multiple functions is detected and other functions of the multiple functions are not performed.
17. The electronic device according to claim 11, wherein the first function comprises a function performed in response to a roll-over.
18. The electronic device according to claim 11, wherein a beginning of the touch is detected at the touch location and wherein the second function of the multiple functions is performed in response to detecting the beginning of the touch.
19. The electronic device according to claim 18, wherein the second one of the multiple functions comprises a function performed in response to a selection.
20. A method comprising:
displaying information on a touch-sensitive display;
detecting, on the touch-sensitive display, a touch at a touch location associated with multiple functions of an embedded application;
reporting an indicator position associated with the touch location;
maintaining the indicator position at the touch location while performing a first function of the multiple functions when the touch ends.

The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.

1. A communications system comprising a first plurality of cells operating in accordance with a first mode and a second plurality of cells operating in accordance with a second mode, each of said cells being served by a respective first station, at least one second station arranged to establish a connection with at least one first station, said at least one second station being associated with said first plurality of cells or said second plurality of cells during said connection and means arranged to send information to said second station for selecting which plurality of cells said second station is associated after said connection has been completed.
2. A system as claimed in claim 1, wherein said selecting means is arranged to provide a statistical parameter to said second station, said second station being arranged to use said parameter to determine which plurality of cells said second station is associated after said connection has been completed.
3. A system as claimed in claim 2, wherein said second station is arranged to generate a random number and to compare the random number with the statistical parameter from which the plurality of cells with which said second station is to be associated is determined.
4. A system as claimed in claim 3, wherein the statistical parameter is selected from a first range of values and second station is arranged to generate the random number from the first range of values.
5. A system as claimed in any preceding claim, wherein the selecting means is arranged to provide the same statistical parameter to a plurality of second stations.
6. A system as claimed in claim 5, wherein said selecting means is arranged to provide the same statistical parameter to a subgroup of said second stations, based on a characteristic associated with said second stations.
7. A system as claimed in any preceding claim, wherein an idle mode occurs after a connection has been completed.
8. A system as claimed in any preceding claim, wherein said first and second plurality of cells are on different frequency bands.
9. A system as claimed in any preceding claim, wherein said first and second plurality of cells use different radio access technology.
10. A system as claimed in any preceding claim, wherein said first and said second plurality of cells are on different location areas.
11. A system as claimed in any preceding claim, wherein said first and second plurality of cells are on different networks
12. A communications system as claimed in any preceding claim, wherein said second station is arranged to select a cell of the selected plurality of cells.
13. A communications system as claimed in claim any preceding claim, wherein said second station uses measurements made during the connection to select a cell.
14. A communications system as claimed in any preceding claim, wherein said communications system is a wireless communications system.
15. A communication system as claimed in any preceding claim, wherein said first station is a base station.
16. A communications system as claimed in any preceding claim, wherein said at least one second station is a mobile station.
17. A communications system as claimed in any preceding claim, wherein said first and second plurality of cells use first and second standards respectively.
18. A communications system as claimed in claim 17, wherein one of said first and second standards is a frequency division multiple access standard.
19. A communications system as claimed in claim 17 or 18, wherein one of said first and second standards is a time division multiple access standard.
20. A communications system as claimed in claim 17, 18 or 19, wherein one of said first and second standards is a code division multiple access standard.
21. A communication system as claimed in any of claims 17 to 20, wherein one of said first and second standards is a GSM standard.
22. A communications system as claimed in any of claims 17 to 21, wherein one of said first and second standards is a UMTS standard.
23. A communications system as claimed in any preceding claim, wherein said communications system comprises at least one network to which said second station is attachable, said first stations being part of said at least one network, wherein said at least one network is arranged to determine the plurality of cells to which said second station is to be associated.
24. A communications system as claimed in claim 23, wherein said at least one network is arranged to provide information to said second station defining the plurality of cells to which the second station is to be associated.
25. A communications system as claimed in claim 24, wherein said information is provided to said second station in association with connection release information.
26. A communications system comprising a first plurality of cells operating in accordance with a first mode and a second plurality of cells operating in accordance with a second mode, each of said cells being served by a respective first station, at least one second station arranged to establish a connection with at least one first station, and means arranged to send information to said second station for selecting which at least one cell said second station is associated when said second station is idle.
27. A communications system comprising a first plurality of cells operating in accordance with a first mode and a second plurality of cells operating in accordance with a second mode, each of said cells being served by a respective first station, at least one second station arranged to establish a connection with at least one first station, said at least one second station being associated with said first plurality of cells or said second plurality of cells during said connection and means arranged to send information to said second station for selecting if the second station is associated with at least one cell operating in accordance with the first mode or at least one cell operating in accordance with the second mode, after said connection has been completed.
28. A communications method for a communications system comprising a first plurality of cells operating in accordance with a first mode and a second plurality of cells operating in accordance with a second mode, each of said cells being served by a respective first station, said method comprising the steps of:
establishing a connection between a second station and at least one first station, said second station being arranged to receive information for selecting if the second station is to be associated with a cell operating in accordance with the first mode or the second mode;
releasing the connection between the first and second station; and
selecting if the second station is to be associated with a cell operating in accordance with the first mode or the second mode.
29. A communications system method for a communications system comprising a plurality of cells, each of said cells being served by a respective first station and at least one second station, said method comprising the steps of:
establishing a connection between at least one first station and a second station, said at least one second station being associated with a first cell during said connection; and
means arranged to send information to said second station for selecting which cell said second station is associated with in idle mode after said connection has been completed.
30. A network element of a communications system comprising a plurality of cells, each of said cells being served by a respective first station, at least one second station arranged to establish a connection with at least one first station, said at least one second station being associated with a first cell during said connection, said network element comprising means arranged to send information to said second station for selecting which cell said second station is associated with in idle mode after said connection has been completed.
31. A first station of a communications system comprising a plurality of cells, each of said cells being served by a first station, at least one second station arranged to establish a connection with at least one first station, said at least one second station being associated with a first cell during said connection, said first station comprising means arranged to send information to said second station for selecting which cell said second station is associated with in idle mode after said connection has been completed.
32. A second station of a communications system comprising a first plurality of cells arranged to operate in accordance with a first mode and a second plurality of cells arranged to operate in accordance with a second mode, each of said cells being served by a first station, said second station arranged to establish a connection with at least one first station, said second station being associated with a first cell during said connection, said second station being arranged to receive information for selecting which plurality of cells said second station is associated.
33. A second station as claimed in claim 32, wherein said information comprises information on one or more of the following: cell; local area: radio access technology; network and band.
34. A second station as claimed in claim 32 or 33, wherein said information is received in association with a call release message.
35. A communications system comprising
a plurality of cells, each of said cells being served by a respective first station;
at least one second station arranged to establish a connection with at least one first station;
said at least one second station being associated with a first cell during said connection; and
means arranged to send information to said second station for selecting which cell said second station is associated with in idle mode after said connection has been completed.
36. A system as claimed in claim 35, wherein said system comprises a first plurality of cells and a second plurality of cells, said system selecting which plurality of cells the second station is associated in the idle mode.
37. A communication system as claimed in claim 35 or 36, wherein information identifying the cell with which the second station is associated in said idle mode is forwarded by the selecting means to said second station.
38. A communications system as claimed in any of claims 35 to 37, wherein said cell is selected based on one or more of the following:
identity of the second station geographical location of said second station; measurement reports; cell information; and the capability of said second station such as the frequency bands andor radio access technologies the second station supports.
39. A communication system as claimed in any of claims 35 to 38, wherein said selecting means is arranged to send a message to said second station identifying if the second station is to be associated with a cell of the first plurality of cells or a cell of the second plurality of cells.
40. A communication system as claimed in any of claims 35 to 39, wherein said selecting means is arranged to cause a message to be transmitted to said second station indicating the cell said second station is to be associated andor if the second station is to be associated with a cell of the first plurality or the second plurality.
41. A communication system as claimed in any of claims 35 to 40, wherein in the absence of said message, said second station is arranged to be associated with the cell with which the second station is associated with during the connection.
42. A communication system as claimed in claim 40 or 41, wherein said message is associated with a connection release message
43. A system as claimed in any of claims 35 to 42, comprising at least one further network element, said network element comprising said selecting means.
44. A system as claimed in claim 40, wherein said network element comprises a mobile services switching centre andor a serving mobile location centre SMLC.
45. A system as claimed in any of claims 35 to 44, wherein said selecting means is provided in said first station.
46. A system as claimed in claim 36, wherein the first plurality of cells is of a first network and the second plurality of cells is of a second network.