Author: claimsbot

1. An organic electroluminescent device, which comprises:
a pair of electrodes; and
an organic compound layer including a light-emitting layer between the pair of electrodes,
wherein the organic compound layer comprises a compound represented by formula (I):
wherein Z1, Z2, Z3 and Z4 each independently represents an atom selected from the group consisting of carbon, nitrogen, sulfur and oxygen and necessary for forming an unsaturated 6-membered ring skeleton, the atom may have a hydrogen atom or a substituent;
a bond in the unsaturated 6-membered ring indicates a single bond or a double bond; and
R1 represents a substituent.
2. The organic electroluminescent device according to claim 1,
wherein formula (I) is represented by any one of formulae (II-a), (II-b) and (II-c):
wherein R2, R3, R4, R5, R6, R7, R8, R9 and R10 each independently represents a hydrogen atom or a substituent, when R2, R3, R4, R5, R6, R7, R8, R9 and R10 each represents a substituent, the substituent may further have a substituent; and
pairs of R2 and R3, R3 and R4, R4 and R5, R5 and R6, R6 and R7, R7 and R8, R8 and R9, and R9 and R10, each may combine to form a ring,
wherein X1, X2, X3 and X4 each independently represents an atomic group selected from the group consisting of carbon and nitrogen and necessary for forming an unsaturated heterocyclic skeleton together with carbon atoms, the unsaturated heterocyclic ring constituted by the carbon atoms, X1, X2, X3 and X4 may have a hydrogen atom or a substituent;
R6, R7, R8, R9 and R10 have the same meanings as R6, R7, R8, R9 and R10 in formula (II-a); and
a bond in the unsaturated heterocyclic ring indicates a single bond or a double bond, and
wherein Q2 represents an atomic group selected from the group consisting of carbon, nitrogen, sulfur and oxygen and necessary for forming an unsaturated heterocyclic skeleton together with a carbon atom, the unsaturated heterocyclic ring constituted by the carbon atom and Q2 may have a hydrogen atom or a substituent;
R2, R3, R4 and R5 have the same meanings as R2, R3, R4 and R5 in formula (II-a); and
a bond in the unsaturated heterocyclic ring indicates a single bond or a double bond.
3. The organic electroluminescent device according to claim 1,
wherein Z1, Z2, Z3 and Z4 in formula (I) each independently represents a carbon atom or a nitrogen atom.
4. The organic electroluminescent device according to claim 2,
wherein formula (I) is represented by formula (II-a), and formula (II-a) is represented by formula (III):
wherein R11, R12, R13, R14 and R15 each independently represents a hydrogen atom or a substituent, when R11, R12, R13, R14 and R15 each represents a substituent, the substituent may further have a substituent;
pairs of R3 and R15, R11 and R12, R12 and R13, R13 and R14, and R14 and R15, each may combine to form a ring; and
R3, R4, R5, R6, R7, R8, R9 and R10 have the same meanings as R3, R4, R5, R6, R7, R8, R9 and R10 in formula (II-a).
5. The organic electroluminescent device according to claim 4,
wherein formula (III) is represented by formula (IV):
wherein R16, R17, R18, R19, R20, R21, R22, R23, R24 and R25 each independently represents a hydrogen atom or a substituent, when R16, R17, R18, R19, R20, R21, R22, R23, R24 and R25 each represents a substituent, the substituent may further have a substituent; and
pairs of R14 and R16, R7 and R25, R16 and R17, R17 and R18, R18 and R19, R19 and R20, R21 and R22, R22 and R23, R23 and R24, and R24 and R25, each may combine to form a ring;
R3, R4, R5, R7, R8, R9 and R10 have the same meanings as R3, R4, R5, R7, R8, R9 and R10 in formula (III); and
R11, R12, R13 and R14 have the same meanings as R11, R12, R13 and R14 in formula (III).
6. The organic electroluminescent device according to claim 4,
wherein formula (III) is represented by formula (V):
wherein R26, R27, R28, R29, R30, R31, R32, R33, R34, R35, R36, R37, R38, R39, R40, R41, R42 and R43 each independently represents a hydrogen atom or a substituent, when R26, R27, R28, R29, R30, R31, R32, R33, R34, R35, R36, R37, R38, R39, R40, R41, R42 and R43 each represents a substituent, the substituent may further have a substituent, provided that pairs of R26 and R27, R26 and R43, R26 and R39, R27 and R28, R28 and R29, R30 and R31, R31 and R32, R32 and R33, R33 and R34, R33 and R38, R34 and R35, R35 and R36, R36 and R37, R37 and R38, R39 and R40, R40 and R41, R41 and R42, and R42 and R43, each does not combine to form a condensed ring; and
R4 has the same meanings as R4 in formula (III).
7. The organic electroluminescent device according to claim 4,
wherein formula (III) is represented by formula (VI):
wherein R44, R45, R48 and R49 each independently represents a hydrogen atom or a substituent, when R44, R45, R48 and R49 each represents a substituent, the substituent may further have a substituent;
pairs of R44 and R45, and R48 and R49, each may combine to form a ring;
R46 and R47 each independently represents a hydrogen atom or a substituent, when R46 and R47 each represents a substituent, the substituent may further have a substituent, provided that when R27, R28, R29, R30, R31, R32, R46 and R47 each represents a substituent, pairs of R32 and R44, R32 and R45, R44 and R46, R45 and R46, R47 and R48, R47 and R49, R49 and R27, and R27 and R48, each does not combine to form a condensed ring;
R4 has the same meanings as R4 in formula (III); and
R27, R28, R29, R30, R31 and R32 each independently represents a hydrogen atom or a substituent, when R27, R28, R29, R30, R31 and R32 each represents a substituent, the substituent may further have a substituent, but pairs of R27 and R28, R28 and R29, R30 and R31, R31 and R32, each does not combine to form a condensed ring.
8. The organic electroluminescent device according to claim 4,
wherein formula (III) is represented by formula (VII):
wherein R50, R51, R52, R53 and R54 each independently represents a hydrogen atom or a substituent, when R50, R51, R52, R53 and R54 each represents a substituent, the substituent may further have a substituent, but pairs of R50 and R51, R51 and R52, R52 and R53, and R53 and R54, each does not combine to form a condensed ring;
R26, R27, R28, R29, R30, R31, R32 and R33 each independently represents a hydrogen atom or a substituent, when R26, R27, R28, R29, R30, R31, R32 and R33 each represents a substituent, the substituent may further have a substituent, but pairs of R26 and R27, R27 and R28, R28 and R29, R30 and R31, R31 and R32, and R32 and R33, each does not combine to form a condensed ring; and
R46 and R47 each independently represents a hydrogen atom or a substituent, when R46 and R47 each represents a substituent, the substituent may further have a substituent, but pairs of R46 and R33, and R47 and R26, each does not combine to form a condensed ring.
9. The organic electroluminescent device according to claim 1,
wherein the light-emitting layer comprises at least one kind of a triplet-emission material.
10. The organic electroluminescent device according to claim 9,
wherein the at least one kind of triplet-emission material is a platinum complex or an iridium complex.
11. The organic electroluminescent device according to claim 10,
wherein the at least one kind of triplet-emission material is a platinum complex.
12. A compound represented by formula (V):
wherein R26, R27, R28, R29, R30, R31, R32, R33, R34, R35, R36, R37, R38, R39, R40, R41, R42 and R43 each independently represents a hydrogen atom or a substituent, when R26, R27, R28, R29, R30, R31, R32, R33, R34, R35, R36, R37, R38, R39, R40, R41, R42 and R43 each represents a substituent, the substituent may further have a substituent, provided that pairs of R26 and R27, R26 and R43, R26 and R39, R27 and R28, R28 and R29, R30 and R31, R31 and R32, R32 and R33, R33 and R34, R33 and R38, R34 and R35, R35 and R36, R36 and R37, R37 and R38, R39 and R40, R40 and R41, R41 and R42, and R42 and R43, each does not combine to form a condensed ring; and
R4 represents a hydrogen atom or a substituent.
13. A compound represented by formula (VI):
wherein R44, R45, R48 and R49 each independently represents a hydrogen atom or a substituent, when R44, R45, R48 and R49 each represents a substituent, the substituent may further have a substituent; and
pairs of R44 and R45, and R48 and R49, each may combine to form a ring;
R46 and R47 each independently represents a hydrogen atom or a substituent, when R46 and R47 each represents a substituent, the substituent may further have a substituent, provided that when R27, R28, R29, R30, R31, R32, R46 and R47 each represents a substituent, pairs of R32 and R44, R32 and R45, R44 and R46, R45 and R46, R47 and R48, R47 and R49, R49 and R27, and R27 and R48, each does not combine to form a condensed ring;
R4 represents a hydrogen atom or a substituent; and
R27, R28, R29, R30, R31, and R32 each independently represents a hydrogen atom or a substituent, when R27, R28, R29, R30, R31 and R32 each represents a substituent, the substituent may further have a substituent, but pairs of R27 and R28, R28 and R29, R30 and R31, and R31 and R32, each does not combine to form a condensed ring.
14. The organic electroluminescent device according to claim 1,
wherein a layer comprising the compound represented by formula (I) is adjacent to a layer comprising an oxide containing at least one of an alkaline metal and an alkaline earth metal.
15. The organic electroluminescent device according to claim 1,
wherein a layer comprising the compound represented by formula (I) is adjacent to a layer comprising at least one of an alkaline metal and an alkaline earth metal.
16. The organic electroluminescent device according to claim 1,
wherein a layer comprising the compound represented by formula (I) is adjacent to a layer comprising a halide containing at least one of an alkaline metal and an alkaline earth metal.
17. The organic electroluminescent device according to claim 1,
wherein the compound represented by formula (I) has the lowest excited triplet energy level of from 65 kcalmol (272.35 kJmol) to 95 kcalmol (398.05 kJmol).
18. The organic electroluminescent device according to claim 1,
wherein the compound represented by formula (I) has a glass transition temperature of from 110 to 400\xb0 C.

The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.

1. A radio communication terminal assembly comprising a radio communication terminal having a printed circuit board carrying data processing means for controlling terminal functions, a terminal system connector accessible from the outside of the terminal for attaching auxiliary components to the terminal, attaching means for releasable attachment of a housing to the terminal, and a housing connector configured to provide a communicative connection of an attached housing to the data processing means, wherein the terminal comprises a multipath connector connected to the printed circuit board and to the data processing means, wherein the terminal system connector forms a first connector interface to the multipath connector, and the housing connector forms a second connector interface to the multipath connector.
2. The radio communication terminal assembly as recited in claim 1, wherein the housing connector faces a front or rear side of the terminal.
3. The radio communication terminal assembly as recited in claim 1, wherein the housing connector faces a different direction than the system connector.
4. The radio communication terminal assembly as recited in claim 1, wherein the multipath connector is positioned at an end of the terminal, such that the system connector is accessible in a longitudinal direction of the terminal, and the housing connector faces a front or rear side of the terminal.
5. The radio communication terminal assembly as recited in claim 1 wherein the multipath connector comprises two housing connectors configured to provide a communicative connection of a front housing and a rear housing.
6. The radio communication terminal assembly as recited in claim 1, wherein the multipath connector comprises connector poles that are branched to the system connector and the housing connector.
7. The radio communication terminal assembly as recited in claim 1, further comprising a housing comprising attaching means for releasable attachment of the housing to the terminal and a terminal connector configured to provide bus connectivity with the terminal upon attachment, and functional means connected to the terminal connector for affecting the function of the attached terminal.
8. The radio communication terminal assembly as recited in claim 7, wherein the functional means for affecting the function of an attached terminal comprises a micro controller.
9. The radio communication terminal assembly as recited in claim 7, wherein the functional means for affecting the function of an attached terminal comprises a functional member configured to add a feature to the terminal when the housing is attached thereto.
10. The radio communication terminal assembly as recited in claim 7, wherein the functional means for affecting the function of an attached terminal comprises a functional member configured to modify a feature of the terminal when the housing is attached thereto.
11. The radio communication terminal assembly as recited in claim 9, wherein the functional member comprises a touch-sensitive display.
12. The radio communication terminal assembly as recited in claim 9, wherein the functional member comprises a speaker for hands free operation.
13. The radio communication terminal assembly as recited in claim 9, wherein the functional member comprises a digital image recorder.
14. The radio communication terminal assembly as recited in claim 1, wherein the first and second connector interfaces comprises interconnected poles.
15. The radio communication terminal as recited in claim 14, wherein the data processing means comprises a terminal PCB and the multipath connector comprises connection pads for connection to the terminal PCB.
16. The radio communication terminal assembly as recited in claim 15, wherein the multipath connector is configured to be fixed to an end of the terminal PCB, such that the first connector interface faces outwardly in the longitudinal direction of the PCB, and the second connector interface faces outwardly substantially perpendicular to the PCB.
17. The radio communication terminal assembly as recited in claim 16, further comprising a third connector interface facing outwardly substantially perpendicular to the PCB in a direction that is opposite from the second connector interface.
18. The radio communication terminal assembly as recited in claim 1, further comprising a detachable active housing configured to releaseably attach to the attachment means of the terminal and to enclose at least part of the data processing means.
19. The radio communication terminal assembly as recited in claim 1, wherein the multipath connector includes the terminal system connector and the housing connector.

1. A method of operating an off-board device to communicate with a diagnostic system of a vehicle, the diagnostic system having one or more modules, comprising the steps of:
(a) determining a number of pieces of information received from one or more modules using a first communications protocol;
(b) determining a number of pieces of information received from the one or more modules using a second communications protocol; and
(c) selecting from the plurality of communications protocols a communications protocol to use for communications between the off-board device and the diagnostic system using at least the number of pieces of information received from the one or more modules using the first communications protocol and the number of pieces of information received from the one or more modules using the second communications protocol.
2. The method of claim 1 further comprising:
(a) requesting data from one or more of the diagnostic system modules using a first communications protocol;
(b) waiting a selected length of time;
(c) requesting data from the one or more of the diagnostic system modules using a second communications protocol upon expiration of the selected length of time.
3. The method of claim 1 wherein the pieces of information are indicative of monitors.
4. The method of claim 1 wherein the pieces of information are indicative of trouble codes.
5. The method of claim 1 further comprising establishing a link with the diagnostic system using the selected communications protocol.
6. The method of claim 5 further comprising sending a request using the selected communications protocol to the vehicle diagnostic system and comparing the number of pieces of information received in response to the request from the one or more modules to the number of pieces of information previously received from a similar request from the one or more modules.
7. The method of claim 6 further comprising determining whether one or more modules has stopped communicating with the off-board device as a function of the comparison of the number of pieces of information received in response to the request from the one or more modules to the number of pieces of information previously received from a similar request from the one or more modules.
8. The method of claim 7 further comprising re-establishing the communications link with the diagnostic system using the selected communications protocol.
9. The method of claim 1 wherein the first communications protocol is an SAE J1850 communications protocol.
10. The method of claim 1 wherein the first communications protocol is an ISO 9141-2 communications protocol.
11. The method of claim 1 wherein the first communications protocol is an ISO 14230-4 communications protocol.
12. The method of claim 1 wherein the first communications protocol is a CAN communications protocol.
13. The method of claim 1 wherein the first communications protocol is a wireless communications protocol.
14. The method of claim 1 wherein the second communications protocol is an SAE J1850 communications protocol.
15. The method of claim 1 wherein the second communications protocol is an ISO 9141-2 communications protocol.
16. The method of claim 1 wherein the second communications protocol is an ISO 14230-4 communications protocol.
17. The method of claim 1 wherein the second communications protocol is a CAN communications protocol.
18. The method of claim 1 wherein the second communications protocol is a wireless communications protocol.
19. The method of claim 1 wherein the pieces of information received are indicative of the identities of the one or more modules that responded to the request.
20. The method of claim 1 wherein selecting from the plurality of communications protocols is a function of the most number of pieces of information received from the one or more modules.
21. The method of claim 1 wherein selecting from the plurality of communications protocols is a function of the least number of pieces of information received from the one or more modules.
22. The method of claim 1 further comprising storing the number of pieces of information received from the one or more modules using the first communications protocol.
23. The method of claim 1 further comprising storing the number of pieces of information received from the one or more modules using the second communications protocol.

The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.

What is claimed is:

1. A method to prevent or treat digestive tract infections by orally ingesting a solution or composite comprising a terpene, a mixture of terpenes or a liposome-terpene(s) combination with or without a surfactant, before or after the onset of said digestive infection; and said method comprising biocidal terpenes whose biocidal properties synergistically increase when two or more terpenes are present in the same composition.
2. A method of claim 1, wherein the terpene, terpene mixture or liposome-terpene(s) combination consist of 1 to 99% terpenes and 1 to 99% surfactant.
3. A method of claim 1, wherein the terpene or terpene mixture are natural or synthetic terpenes selected from citral, b-ionone, geraniol, carvacrol, eugenol, carvone, terpeniol, anethole or other generally recognized as safe terpenes with biocidal properties, and the surfactant is selected from polysorbate-80, polysorbate-20, polysorbate-40, polysorbate-60, polyglyceryl esters, polyglyceryl monooleate, decaglyceryl monocaprylate, propylene glycol dicaprilate, triglycerol monostearate or their combination.
4. A method of claim 1, wherein the terpene does not facilitate microorganism mutation in order for said microorganism to become resistant to the terpene.
5. A method of claim 1, wherein the liposome-terpene(s) combination comprises the encapsulation of the terpene or terpene mixture within the liposome.
6. A method of claim 1, wherein the liposome-terpene(s) combination comprises mixing liposomes with the terpene or the terpene mixture.
7. A method of claim 1, wherein the terpene, terpene mixture or the liposome-terpene(s) combination is part of the inner core of a gelatin or cellulose capsule.
8. A method of claim 1, wherein the terpene, terpene mixture or the liposome-terpene(s) combination is freeze dried, spray dried or dried in order to form a powder for encapsulation or solubilization.
9. A method of claim 1, wherein the terpene, terpene mixture or the liposome-terpene(s) combination is freeze dried, spray dried or dried in order to be compressed in pill or tablet form.
10. A method of claim 1, wherein the terpene, terpene mixture or the liposome-terpene(s) combination is freeze dried, spray dried or dried in order to be compressed in pilltablet and coated for absorption in different areas along the gastro-intestinal tract.
11. A method of claim 1, wherein the terpene, terpene mixture or the liposome-terpene(s) combination is used for the treatment or prevention of digestive tract infections in humans and animals.
12. A method of claim 1, wherein the digestive tract infections in humans and animals are produced by normal, pathogenic or opportunistic microorganisms or its toxins selected from Aerobacter sp., Aspergillus sp., Bacillus sp., Campylobacter sp., Candida sp., Clostridia sp., Enterobacteriaceae sp., Enterococcus sp., Escherichia sp., Haemophilus sp., Helicobacter sp Klebsiella sp., Lactobacillus sp., Listeria sp., Propionibacter sp., Pasteurella sp., Proteus sp., Pseudomonas sp., Salmonella sp., Shigella sp., Staphylococcus sp., Streptococcus sp. and Yersennia sp.
13. A method of claim 1, wherein the terpene, terpene mixture or the liposome-terpene(s) combination is effective against pathogenic and normal microflora comprising of Aerobacter sp., Aspergillus sp., Bacillus sp., Campylobacter sp., Candida sp., Clostridia sp., Enterobacteriaceae sp., Enterococcus sp., Escherichia sp., Haemophilus sp., Helicobacter sp Klebsiella sp., Lactobacillus sp., Listeria sp., Propionibacter sp., Pasteurella sp., Proteus sp., Pseudomonas sp., Salmonella sp., Shigella sp., Staphylococcus sp., Streptococcus sp. and Yersennia sp.
14. A method of claim 1, wherein the terpene, terpene mixture or the liposome-terpene(s) combination is effective against pathogenic and opportunistic microorganisms causing traveler’s diarrhea.
15. A method of claim 1, wherein the terpene, terpene mixture or the liposome-terpene(s) combination is effective against pathogenic and opportunistic microorganisms causing ulcers along the digestive tract.
16. A method of claim 1, wherein the terpene, terpene mixture or the liposome-terpene(s) combination is effective against anthrax.
17. A method of claim 1, wherein the terpene, terpene mixture or the liposome-terpene(s) combination is effective against pathogenic and opportunistic microorganisms causing scours in calves.
18. A method of claim 1, wherein the terpene, terpene mixture or the liposome-terpene(s) combination is effective against pathogenic and opportunistic microorganisms causing scours in neonates and weaned piglets.
19. A method of claim 1, wherein the terpene, terpene mixture or the liposome-terpene(s) combination at lower concentrations has a bacteriostatic effect against pathogenic and normal gastro-intestinal microflora.
20. A method of claim 1, wherein the terpene, terpene mixture or the liposome-terpene(s) combination at higher concentrations has a bactericidal effect against pathogenic and normal gastro-intestinal microflora.
21. A method of claim 1, wherein the effective dose of the terpene, the mixture of terpenes or the liposome-terpene(s) combination is between 20 mg and 5000 mg.
22. A method in claim 1, wherein the effective dose of the terpene, the mixture of terpenes or the liposome-terpene(s) combination is between 20 ppm and 50000 ppm in water andor food consumed by the human or animal.
23. A method in claim 1, wherein the terpene, the mixture of terpenes or the liposome-terpene(s) combination is prepackaged in liquid form for oral consumption by humans or animals.
24. A method in claim 1, wherein the terpene, a mixture of terpenes or the liposome-terpene(s) combination is mixed with milk replacer and fed to calves and piglets.
25. A method in claim 1, wherein the terpene, the mixture of terpenes or the liposome-terpene(s) combination is intubated directly into the stomach of an animal.