1. A drivetrain comprising: at least one drive machine with a machine housing and a drive output shaft, at least one transmission coupled to the drive output shaft and configured to be coupled to at least one drive wheel, the transmission having a planetary gear set and a transmission housing, the transmission housing having transmission housing mounting structures disposed on the transmission housing and configured for mounting the transmission on the drive machine at different mounting positions of the transmission relative to the drive machine, wherein the different mounting positions of the transmission are rotated relative to the drive output shaft of the drive machine so that the transmission can be mounted at a selected one of the mounting positions that utilizes available installation space.
2. The drivetrain of claim 1, wherein the transmission can be rotated by defined angle ranges between the different mounting positions.
3. The drivetrain of claim 1, wherein the at least one drive machine is one of two electric machines and the at least one transmission is one of two identical transmissions mounted respectively on the electric machines.
4. The drivetrain of claim 1, wherein the transmission has at least first and second drain openings, the first drain opening being lower than the second drain opening in a first of the mounting positions of the transmission, and the second drain opening being lower than first drain opening in a second of the mounting positions of the transmission, a drain screw being mounted in the first drain opening and a sensor being mounted in the second drain opening when the transmission is in the first mounting position, and the drain screw being mounted in the second drain opening and the sensor being mounted in the first drain opening when the transmission is in the second mounting position.
5. The drivetrain of claim 1, wherein the transmission comprises a spur gear installation space configured for accommodating one of a plurality of spur gear pairs of different respective sizes.
6. The drivetrain of claim 1, wherein the transmission further has an intermediate cover that faces toward the drive machine, the intermediate cover having intermediate cover mounting structures disposed on the intermediate cover and configured for mounting the intermediate cover to the transmission housing at any of a plurality of different mounting positions of the intermediate cover rotated relative to the transmission housing.
7. The drivetrain of claim 6, wherein the intermediate cover has a plurality of fluid ports, the drivetrain further having at least one fluid line connectable to any one of the fluid ports, with the fluid port that is connected to the fluid line being selected depending on the mounting position of the intermediate cover or the transmission.
8. The drivetrain of claim 6, wherein the transmission comprises a multiplate clutch with inner plates and outer plates that engage frictionally with the inner plates, the outer plates having an external toothing that engages with an internal toothing formed in the transmission housing.
9. The drivetrain of claim 8, wherein the internal toothing formed in the transmission housing is a first internal toothing, and the inner plates have a second internal toothing that engages an external toothing formed on an internal gear of the planetary gear set.
10. A hybrid vehicle having an internal combustion engine and the drivetrain of claim 1.
11. A motor vehicle comprising:
a drivetrain installation space; and
an electric machine arrangement in the drivetrain installation space, the electric machine arrangement having:
a machine housing with opposite first and second ends spaced from one another along an axis,
first and second electric machines in substantially end to end relationship along the axis and disposed in the machine housing so that the first electric machine is in proximity to the first end of the machine housing and the second electric machine is in proximity to the second end of the machine housing, the first and second electric machines provided respectively with first and second drive output shafts extending along the axis,
first and second transmissions coupled respectively to the first and second drive output shafts, and
first and second transmission housings mounted respectively to the first and second ends of the machine housing and substantially surrounding the respective first and second transmissions, the first and second transmission housings each having a protruding part that protrudes beyond the machine housing in a direction transverse to the axis, each of the transmission housings each having transmission housing mounting structures disposed on the respective transmission housing and configured for mounting the respective transmission housings on the machine housing at different mounting positions of the transmission housings relative to the machine housing, with the different mounting positions of the transmission housings being rotated relative to the drive output shafts so that the protruding parts of the transmission housings can be mounted at a selected one of the mounting positions of the transmission housing that utilizes the drivetrain installation space.
12. The motor vehicle of claim 11, wherein each of the transmissions has a spur gear pair disposed in the protruding part of the respective transmission housing.
13. The motor vehicle of claim 11, wherein each of the transmission housings has at least a first drain opening and a second drain opening, the first drain opening being lower than the second drain opening in a first of the mounting positions of the respective transmission housing, and the second drain opening being lower than the first drain opening in a second of the mounting positions of the respective transmission housing, a drain screw being mounted in the first drain opening and a sensor being mounted in the second drain opening when the respective transmission housing is in the first mounting position, and the drain screw being mounted in the second drain opening and the sensor being mounted in the first drain opening when the respective transmission housing is in the second mounting position.
14. The motor vehicle of claim 11, wherein each of the transmissions has an intermediate cover that faces toward the machine housing, each of the intermediate covers having intermediate cover mounting structures disposed on the respective intermediate cover and configured for mounting the respective intermediate cover to the respective transmission housing at any of a plurality of different mounting positions of the respective intermediate cover rotated relative to the respective transmission housing.
15. The motor vehicle of claim 14, wherein each of the intermediate covers has a plurality of fluid ports, the motor vehicle further having at least one fluid line connectable to any one of the fluid ports, with the fluid line being connected to a selected one of the fluid ports depending on the mounting position of the respective intermediate cover.
The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.
1. A compound of Formula (I):
or an optical isomer, enantiomer, diastereomer, racemate, or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein:
is selected from the group consisting of Formulae A-1, A-2 and A-3:
wherein Formula A-1 is attached on the b1 side of Formula A-1 to the R1-substituted ring of formula (I) and optionally substituted with one substituent selected from the group consisting of Formulae A-1-a, A-1-b and A-1-c:
wherein Formula A-1-a is attached on the a1 side to adjacent carbons on the d1 or d2 side of Formula A-1;
wherein Formula A-1-b is attached on the a2 side to adjacent carbons on the d1 or d2 side of Formula A-1; and
wherein Formula A-1-c is attached on the a6 side to adjacent carbons on the d1 or d2 side of Formula A-1;
wherein R8 is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, alkyl, or L4;
wherein Formula A-2 is attached on the b2 side of Formula A-2 to the R1-substituted ring of formula (I), and A1, A2, A3, A4 are (i) \u2014N\u2014; or (ii) \u2014C\u2014 substituted with H or alkoxy, wherein the alkoxy may be optionally further substituted with alkoxy on a terminal carbon or up to 3 halogen atoms on a terminal carbon; provided that at least one and no more than two of A1, A2, A3, A4 are \u2014N\u2014; and
wherein Formula A-3 is attached on the b3 side of Formula A-3 to the R1-substituted ring of formula (I), and B1, B2 and B3 are independently (i) \u2014CH\u2014 optionally substituted with alkyl, aryl, alkoxy, or halogen, (ii) \u2014S\u2014; (iii) \u2014O\u2014; or (iv) \u2014N\u2014; provided that no more than one of B1, B2 or B3 is \u2014S\u2014 or \u2014O\u2014, and, provided that when one of B1, B2 or B3 is \u2014S\u2014 or \u2014O\u2014, then the adjacent ring members are not \u2014S\u2014 or \u2014O\u2014;
s is an integer from 0 to 2;
q is an integer from 0 to 4; provided that when
\u2003is not substituted with Formulae A-1-a, A-1-b or A-1-c, the sum of q and s is an integer from 0 to 4, and when
\u2003is substituted with one of Formulae A-1-a, A-1-b, or A-1-c, the sum of q and s is an integer from 0 to 2;
R1 is selected from hydrogen, lower alkyl, \u2014OH, alkoxy, -oxo-NH2, \u2014NH(alkyl), and \u2014N(alkyl)2;
R2 is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, alkoxy, alkyl, alkenyl, alkylamino, amino, cyano, dialkylamino, halogen, halogenated alkyl, halogenated alkyloxy, hydroxylated alkyloxy, halogenated \u2014SO2alkyl, halogenated thioalkyl, hydroxy, \u2014N(alkyl)C(\u2550O)alkyl, \u2014N(alkyl)C(\u2550O)N(alkyl)2, \u2014N(alkyl)C(\u2550O)NHalkyl, \u2014N(alkyl)C(\u2550O)Oalkyl, \u2014N(alkyl)SO2alkyl, \u2014NHC(\u2550O)alkyl, \u2014NHC(\u2550O)N(alkyl)2, \u2014NHC(\u2550O)NH2, \u2014NHC(\u2550O)NHalkyl, \u2014NHC(\u2550O)Oalkyl, \u2014NHSO2alkyl, nitro, \u2014OC(\u2550O)N(alkyl)2, \u2014OC(\u2550O)NHalkyl, \u2014SO2alkyl, thio, thioalkyl, \u2014CO2H, \u2014C(\u2550O)Oalkyl, \u2014C(\u2550O)NH2, \u2014C(\u2550O)NH(alkyl), \u2014C(\u2550O)N(alkyl)2, and L4;
R3 is independently selected from the group consisting of
\u2003-X-A20-Y1-A21, \u2014CO2H, \u2014C(\u2550O)Oalkyl, \u2014C(\u2550O)NH2, \u2014C(\u2550O)NH(alkyl), \u2014C(\u2550O)N(alkyl)2, and L4;
wherein X1 and Y1 are each independently absent or selected from the group consisting of: -(alkyl)C(\u2550O)N(alkyl)-, \u2014C(\u2550O)N(alkyl)-, \u2014C(\u2550O)NH\u2014, \u2014C(\u2550O)O\u2014, \u2014N(alkyl)-, \u2014N(alkyl)C(\u2550O)\u2014, \u2014N(alkyl)C(\u2550O)NH\u2014, \u2014N(alkyl)C(\u2550O)O\u2014, \u2014N(alkyl)SO2\u2014, \u2014NH\u2014, \u2014NHC(\u2550O)\u2014, \u2014NHC(\u2550O)N(alkyl)-, \u2014NHC(\u2550O)NH, \u2014NHC(\u2550O)O\u2014, \u2014NHSO2\u2014, \u2014O\u2014, \u2014OC(\u2550O), \u2014OC(\u2550O)N(alkyl)-, \u2014OC(\u2550O)NH\u2014, \u2014OC(\u2550O)O\u2014, \u2014S\u2014, \u2014SO\u2014, \u2014SO2\u2014, \u2014SO2N(alkyl)-, and \u2014SO2NH\u2014;
A20, when present, is selected from alkyl or alkenyl; and
A21 is selected from alkyl, alkenyl, or H;
wherein when A20 or A21 is alkyl or alkenyl, the alkyl or alkenyl may be optionally substituted with one or more groups independently selected from: alkoxy, alkylamino, amino, cyano, dialkylamino, halogen, halogenated alkoxy, halogenated \u2014SO2alkyl, halogenated thioalkyl, hydroxy, \u2014N(alkyl)C(\u2550O)alkyl, \u2014N(alkyl)C(\u2550O)N(alkyl)2, \u2014N(alkyl)C(\u2550O)NH2, \u2014N(alkyl)C(\u2550O)NHalkyl, \u2014N(alkyl)C(\u2550O)Oalkyl, \u2014N(alkyl)SO2alkyl, \u2014NHC(\u2550O)alkyl, \u2014NHC(\u2550O)N(alkyl)2, \u2014NHC(\u2550O)NH2, \u2014NHC(\u2550O)NHalkyl, \u2014NHC(\u2550O)Oalkyl, \u2014NHSO2alkyl, \u2014OC(\u2550O)alkyl, \u2014OC(\u2550O)N(alkyl)2, \u2014OC(\u2550O)NHalkyl, \u2014OC(\u2550O)Oalkyl, \u2014SO2alkyl, thio or thioalkyl;
is selected from the group consisting of aryl, cycloalkyl, partially unsaturated carbocycle, heteroaryl, heterocycloalkyl, nine to ten membered benzo-fused cycloalkyl, and nine to ten membered benzo-fused heterocycloalkyl; wherein, the aryl, cycloalkyl, partially unsaturated carbocycle, heteroaryl, heterocycloalkyl, benzo-fused cycloalkyl, or benzo-fused heterocycloalkyl, are optionally substituted with one or more substituents independently selected from halogen, hydroxy, amino, thio, nitro, cyano, alkyl, halogenated alkyl, alkoxy, halogenated alkoxy, alkylamino, \u2014NHC(\u2550O)alkyl, \u2014N(alkyl)C(\u2550O)alkyl, or dialkylamino, \u2014NHC(\u2550O)NH2, \u2014NHC(\u2550O)NHalkyl, \u2014N(alkyl)C(\u2550O)NHalkyl, \u2014OC(\u2550O)NHalkyl, \u2014NHC(\u2550O)Oalkyl, \u2014N(alkyl)C(\u2550O)Oalkyl, \u2014NHSO2alkyl, \u2014N(alkyl)SO2alkyl, thioalkyl, halogenated thioalkyl, \u2014SO2alkyl, halogenated \u2014SO2alkyl, \u2014NHC(\u2550O)N(alkyl)2, \u2014N(alkyl)C(\u2550O)N(alkyl)2 or \u2014OC(\u2550O)N(alkyl)2;
L4 is selected from -M-K-J1-Matrix or -M-K-J3-X-Matrix;
wherein:
M is selected from \u2014C(\u2550O)NH\u2014, \u2014(C\u2550O)O\u2014, \u2014NHC(\u2550O)\u2014, \u2014NH(C\u2550O)NH\u2014, NH(C\u2550O)O\u2014, \u2014O(C\u2550O)NH\u2014, \u2014OC(\u2550O)O\u2014, \u2014O(C\u2550O)\u2014, \u2014O\u2014, \u2014NH\u2014, \u2014(CH2)1-3O\u2014, \u2014SS\u2014, or \u2014S\u2014;
K is selected from the group consisting of \u2014(CH2)m(CH2)n(CH2)p\u2014,
\u2014(CH2)m(OCH2CH2)n(CH2)p\u2014,
\u2014(CH2)m(OCH2CH2)n(OCH2)p\u2014,
\u2014(CH2)mNH(C\u2550O)(CH2)rn(CH2)p\u2014,
\u2014(CH2)m(C\u2550O)NH(CH2)r2n(CH2)p\u2014
\u2014(CH2)mNH(C\u2550O)(CH2)nNH(C\u2550O)(CH2)p\u2014,
\u2014(CH2)mC(\u2550O)NH(CH2)nNH(CH2)p\u2014,
\u2014(CH2)mC(\u2550O)NH(CH2)nNHC(\u2550O)(CH2)p\u2014,
\u2014(CH2)mNH(C\u2550O)(CH2CH2(OCH2CH2)nNH(C\u2550O)(CH2)p\u2014,
\u2014(CH2)m(C\u2550O)NHCH2CH2(OCH2CH2)n(C\u2550O)NHCH2(CH2)p\u2014,
\u2014(CH2)m(C\u2550O)NHCH2(CH2)n(C\u2550O)NHCH2(CH2)p\u2014,
\u2014(CH2)mNH(CH2)t\u2014, (CH2)mO(CH2)t\u2014, \u2014(CH2)mS(CH2)t\u2014,
\u2014(CH2)mS(\u2550O)(CH2)t\u2014, \u2014(CH2)mSO2(CH2)t\u2014,
\u2014(CH2)mNH(C\u2550O)(CH2)t\u2014,
\u2014(CH2)m(C\u2550O)NH(CH2)t\u2014,
\u2014(CH2)mNH(C\u2550O)NH(CH2)t\u2014,
\u2014(CH2)mSS(CH2)t\u2014,
\u2014(CH2)m(SCH2CH2)n(CH2)p\u2014,
\u2014(CH2)mNH(C\u2550O)CH2CH2(SCH2CH2)nNH(C\u2550O)(CH2)p\u2014,
\u2014(CH2)m(C\u2550O)NHCH2CH2(SCH2CH2)n(C\u2550O)NHCH2(CH2)p\u2014,
\u2014(CH2)ms(CH2)nO(CH2)p\u2014
\u2014(CH2CH2SCH2CH2O)n(CH2)p\u2014
\u2014(CH2)mS(CH2)C(\u2550O)NH(CH2)n\u2014
\u2014(CH2)mSS(CH2)nC(\u2550O)NH(CH2)p\u2014
\u2014(CH2)mNHC(\u2550O)(CH2)nSS(CH2)p\u2014
\u2014(CH2)mNH(C\u2550O)CH2OCH2C(\u2550O)NH(CH2)n(OCH2CH2)pCH2)\u2014
\u2014(CH2)m(OCH2CH2)nC(\u2550O)NH(CH2)p\u2014
\u2014(CH2)mC(\u2550O)NH(CH2)n(OCH2CH2)p\u2014,
\u2014(CH2)m(OCH2CH2)nNHC(\u2550O)(CH2)p\u2014, and
\u2014(CH2)m(OCH2CH2)nSS(CH2)p\u2014;
m is 1 to 7;
n is 1 to 10;
p is 0 to 7;
r and r2 are 1 to 5;
t is 1 to 7;
J1 is selected from \u2014C(\u2550O)NH\u2014, \u2014(C\u2550O)O\u2014, \u2014NHC(\u2550O)\u2014, \u2014NH(C\u2550O)NH\u2014, NH(C\u2550O)O\u2014, \u2014NH\u2014, \u2014O(C\u2550O)NH\u2014, \u2014OC(\u2550O)O\u2014, \u2014O(C\u2550O)\u2014, \u2014O\u2014, \u2014(CH2)1-3O\u2014, \u2014SS\u2014, \u2014S\u2014, \u2014SS\u2014, \u2014SCH2(CHOH)\u2014, \u2014CH\u2550NNH\u2014,
J3 is selected from the group consisting of \u2014NH\u2014, \u2014O\u2014, \u2014NHNH\u2014, \u2014NHNH\u2550CH\u2014, \u2014NHNH\u2014(C\u2550O)\u2014, \u2014NHNH\u2014(C\u2550O)O\u2014, \u2014NHNH\u2014(C\u2550O)NH\u2014, \u2014NH\u2014(CH2)6\u2014NH\u2014(C\u2550O)CH2\u2014S\u2014, \u2014NH\u2014(CH2)6\u2014NH\u2014(C\u2550O)CH2O\u2014, \u2014NH\u2014(CH2)6\u2014NH\u2014(C\u2550O)CH2\u2014NH\u2014, \u2014CH\u2550NNH\u2014,
\u2014NH\u2014(CH2)5(C\u2550O)\u2014NH\u2014(CH2)5(C\u2550O)\u2014NHN\u2550CH\u2014, \u2014NH\u2014(CH2)5(C\u2550O)\u2014NH\u2014(CH2)5(C\u2550O)\u2014NHNH\u2014(C\u2550O)\u2014, \u2014NH\u2014(CH2)5(C\u2550O)\u2014NH\u2014(CH2)5(C\u2550O)\u2014NHNH\u2014(C\u2550O)O\u2014, \u2014NH\u2014(CH2)5(C\u2550O)\u2014NH\u2014(CH2)5(C\u2550O)\u2014NHNH\u2014(C\u2550O)NH\u2014, \u2014NH\u2014(CH2)5(C\u2550O)\u2014NH\u2014, \u2014NH\u2014(CH2)5(C\u2550O)\u2014O\u2014, \u2014NH\u2014(CH2)5(C\u2550O)\u2014NHNH\u2014, \u2014NH\u2014(CH2)5(C\u2550O)\u2014NHN\u2550CH\u2014, \u2014NH\u2014(CH2)5(C\u2550O)\u2014NHNH(C\u2550O)\u2014, \u2014NH\u2014(CH2)5(C\u2550O)\u2014NHNH(C\u2550O)O, \u2014NH\u2014(CH2)5(C\u2550O)\u2014NHNH(C\u2550O)NH\u2014, \u2014NH\u2014(CH2)2\u2014SS(CH2)2(C\u2550O)NH\u2014, \u2014NH\u2014(CH2)2\u2014SS\u2014(CH2)2(C\u2550O)O\u2014, \u2014NH\u2014(CH2)2\u2014SS\u2014(CH2)2(C\u2550O)NHNH\u2014, \u2014NH\u2014(CH2)2\u2014SS\u2014(CH2)2(C\u2550O)NHN\u2550CH\u2014, \u2014NH\u2014(CH2)2\u2014SS\u2014(CH2)2(C\u2550O)NHNH(C\u2550O)\u2014, \u2014NH\u2014(CH2)2\u2014SS\u2014(CH2)2(C\u2550O)NHNH(C\u2550O)O\u2014, \u2014NH\u2014(CH2)2\u2014SS\u2014(CH2)2(C\u2550O)NHNH(C\u2550O)NH\u2014, and \u2014NH(CH2)6\u2014NH(C\u2550O)CH2CH2SS\u2014;
provided that in L4 the attachment of M to K to J1 or J3 is not through a N\u2014O or O\u2014N bond, a N\u2014S or S\u2014N bond, an O\u2014S or S\u2014O bond, or an O\u2014O bond;
X is selected from biotinavidin, biotinstreptavidin, iminobiotinavidin, or iminobiotinstreptavidin, biotinNeutrAvidin\u2122, or iminobiotinNeutrAvidin\u2122;
R4 is a substituent independently selected from:
(a)
(b)
\u2003provided that R6 is not
(c) \u2014CH2\u2014 or C1-6alkenyl substituted with one group selected from: \u2014H, -methyl, \u2014Oalkyl, \u2014CH2OH, \u2014CH(CH3)OH, cyano, halogen, amino, \u2014(CH2)1-4alkylamino, \u2014(CH2)1-4dialkylamino, \u2014O(C\u2550O)alkyl, \u2014(C\u2550O)OH, \u2014C(\u2550O)Oalkyl, \u2014C(\u2550O)Oaryl, \u2014C(\u2550O)Oheteroaryl, \u2014(C\u2550O)NH2, \u2014(C\u2550O)NHalkyl, \u2014(C\u2550O)N(alkyl)2, \u2014C(\u2550O)alkyl, -phenyl-OCH3 or -phenyl-OC(\u2550O)alkyl;
(d) \u2014C(\u2550O)(CH2CH2O\u2014)1-10 terminating with H, methyl, ethyl, or benzyl;
(e) \u2014C(\u2550O)CH2O(CH2CH2O\u2014)1-10 terminating with H, methyl, ethyl, or benzyl;
(f) \u2014C(\u2550O)alkyl, or \u2014C(\u2550O)(C3-6)cycloalkyl, wherein said \u2014C(\u2550O)alkyl, and \u2014C(\u2550O)(C3-6)cycloalkyl may be optionally substituted with one or more groups independently selected from: \u2014OH, \u2014Oalkyl, \u2014Oalkylaryl, \u2014NH2, \u2014NHalkyl, \u2014N(alkyl)2, heterocycloalkyl, \u2014NHC(\u2550O)alkyl, \u2014NHSO2alkyl, or \u2014OC(\u2550O)alkyl;
(g) \u2014C(\u2550O)(CH2)1-3aryl, \u2014C(\u2550O)aryl, \u2014C(\u2550O)(CH2)1-3heteroaryl, or \u2014C(\u2550O)heteroaryl, wherein said \u2014C(\u2550O)(CH2)1-3aryl, \u2014C(\u2550O)aryl, \u2014C(\u2550O)(CH2)1-3heteroaryl, and \u2014C(\u2550O)heteroaryl may be optionally substituted with one or more groups independently selected from: \u2014OH, \u2014Oalkyl, \u2014NH2, \u2014NHalkyl, \u2014N(alkyl)2, heterocycloalkyl, \u2014NHC(\u2550O)alkyl, \u2014NHSO2alkyl, halogen, nitrile, or \u2014OC(\u2550O)alkyl;
(h) \u2014C(\u2550O)(CH2)1-6C(\u2550O)\u2014 terminating with methyl, ethyl, \u2014OH, \u2014Oalkyl, \u2014NH2, \u2014NHalkyl, \u2014N(alkyl)2, or heterocycloalkyl;
(hh) \u2014C(\u2550O)alkylOC(\u2550O)alkyl- terminating with \u2014OH, \u2014Oalkyl, \u2014NH2, \u2014NHalkyl, \u2014N(alkyl)2, or heterocycloalkyl;
(i) \u2014C(\u2550O)O(CH2CH2O\u2014)1-10 terminating with H, methyl, ethyl, or benzyl;
(j) \u2014C(\u2550O)Oalkyl, or \u2014C(\u2550O)O(C3-6)cycloalkyl, wherein said \u2014C(\u2550O)Oalkyl, and \u2014C(\u2550O)O(C3-6)cycloalkyl may be optionally substituted with one or more groups independently selected from: \u2014OH, \u2014Oalkyl, \u2014NH2, \u2014NHalkyl, \u2014N(alkyl)2, heterocycloalkyl, \u2014NHC(\u2550O)alkyl, \u2014NHSO2alkyl, \u2014OC(\u2550O)alkyl, \u2014C(\u2550O)OH, \u2014C(\u2550O)Oalkyl, \u2014C(\u2550O)NH2, \u2014C(\u2550O)NHalkyl, or \u2014C(\u2550O)N(alkyl)2;
(k) \u2014C(\u2550O)O(CH2)1-3aryl, \u2014C(\u2550O)Oaryl, \u2014C(\u2550O)O(CH2)1-3heteroaryl, or \u2014C(\u2550O)Oheteroaryl, wherein said \u2014C(\u2550O)O(CH2)1-3aryl, \u2014C(\u2550O)Oaryl, \u2014C(\u2550O)O(CH2)1-3heteroaryl, or \u2014C(\u2550O)Oheteroaryl may be optionally substituted with one or more groups independently selected from: \u2014OH, \u2014Oalkyl, \u2014NH2, \u2014NHalkyl, \u2014N(alkyl)2, heterocycloalkyl, \u2014NHC(\u2550O)alkyl, \u2014NHSO2alkyl, halogen, nitrile, or \u2014OC(\u2550O)alkyl;
(l) \u2014C(\u2550O)NH(CH2CH2O\u2014)1-10 terminating with \u2014H, methyl, ethyl, benzyl, \u2014CH2CH2NH2, \u2014CH2CH2NHalkyl, \u2014CH2CH2N(alkyl)2, \u2014CH2CH2-1-pyrrolidinyl, \u2014CH2CH2-1-piperidinyl, \u2014CH2CH2-4-morpholinyl, \u2014CH2CH2-1-piperazinyl, \u2014CH2CH2-1-(4-CH3)-piperazinyl or \u2014C(\u2550O)alkyl;
(m) \u2014C(\u2550O)NH2, \u2014C(\u2550O)NH(C1-20)alkyl, \u2014C(\u2550O)NH(C3-6)cycloalkyl, or \u2014C(\u2550O)N(alkyl)2, wherein said \u2014C(\u2550O)NH(C1-20)alkyl, \u2014C(\u2550O)NH(C3-6)cycloalkyl, and \u2014C(\u2550O)N(alkyl)2 may be optionally substituted with one or more groups independently selected from: \u2014OH, \u2014Oalkyl, \u2014NH2, \u2014NHalkyl, \u2014N(alkyl)2, heterocycloalkyl, \u2014NHC(\u2550O)alkyl, \u2014NHSO2alkyl, \u2014OC(\u2550O)alkyl, \u2014OC(\u2550O)alkenyl, \u2014NHC(\u2550O)aryl, \u2014C(\u2550O)OH, \u2014C(\u2550O)Oalkyl, \u2014C(\u2550O)NH2, \u2014C(\u2550O)NHalkyl, or \u2014C(\u2550O)N(alkyl)2; and, wherein the aryl portion of said \u2014NHC(\u2550O)aryl may be optionally substituted with one or more groups independently selected from: alkyl, \u2014OH, \u2014Oalkyl, \u2014NH2, \u2014NH alkyl, \u2014N(alkyl)2, halogen or nitrile;
(n) \u2014C(\u2550O)NH(CH2)1-3aryl, \u2014C(\u2550O)NHaryl, \u2014C(\u2550O)NH(CH2)1-3heteroaryl, or \u2014C(\u2550O)NHheteroaryl, wherein said \u2014C(\u2550O)NH(CH2)1-3aryl, \u2014C(\u2550O)NHaryl, \u2014C(\u2550O)NH(CH2)1-3heteroaryl, and \u2014C(\u2550O)NHheteroaryl may be optionally substituted with one or more groups independently selected from: \u2014OH, \u2014Oalkyl, \u2014NH2, \u2014NHalkyl, \u2014N(alkyl)2, heterocycloalkyl, \u2014NHC(\u2550O)alkyl, \u2014NHSO2alkyl, halogen, nitrile, or \u2014OC(\u2550O)alkyl;
(o)\u2014C(\u2550O)NHCH2CH2NH(CH2CH2NH\u2014)0-3 terminating with H, methyl, ethyl, \u2014CH2CH2NHalkyl, \u2014CH2CH2N(alkyl)2, \u2014CH2CH2-1-pyrrolidinyl, \u2014CH2CH2-1-piperidinyl, \u2014CH2CH2-4-morpholinyl, \u2014CH2CH2-1-piperazinyl, \u2014CH2CH2-1-(4-CH3)-piperazinyl, \u2014CH2CH2OH, \u2014CH2CH2OCH3, \u2014CH2CH2OCH2CH3, \u2014CH2CH2C(\u2550O)alkyl, or \u2014C(\u2550O)aryl; wherein the aryl portion of said \u2014C(\u2550O)aryl may be optionally substituted with one or more groups independently selected from: alkyl, \u2014OH, \u2014Oalkyl, \u2014NH2, \u2014NHalkyl, \u2014N(alkyl)2, halogen or nitrile;
(p) \u2014C(\u2550S)NH2;
(q) \u2014C(\u2550S)NHalkyl;
(r) \u2014C(\u2550S)N(alkyl)2;
(s) \u2014SO2NH2;
(t) \u2014SO2NHalkyl;
(u) \u2014SO2N(alkyl)2;
(v) \u2014P(\u2550O)(OCH3)2;
(w) \u2014P(\u2550O)(OCH2CH3)2; or
(x) L5
L5 is selected from -M1-K-J1-Matrix or -M1-K-J3-X-Matrix wherein:
M1 is selected from \u2014C(\u2550O)\u2014, \u2014C(\u2550O)NH\u2014, \u2014(CH2)2-4NHC(\u2550O)\u2014, \u2014(CH2)2-4NH(C\u2550O)NH\u2014, \u2014(CH2)2-4(C\u2550O)NH\u2014, \u2014(CH2)2-4NHC(\u2550O)O\u2014, \u2014(CH2)2-40(C\u2550O)NH\u2014, \u2014(CH2)2-4OC(\u2550O)\u2014, \u2014(CH2)2-4(C\u2550O)O\u2014, \u2014(CH2)2-4S\u2014, \u2014(CH2)2-4SS\u2014, or \u2014(CH2)2-4O\u2014;
provided that in L5 the attachment of M1 to K to J1 or J3 is not through a N\u2014O or O\u2014N bond, a N\u2014S or S\u2014N bond, an O\u2014S or S\u2014O bond, or an O\u2014O bond;
R6 is selected from the group consisting of H and
\u2003provided that if R4 is
\u2003then R6 is H;
L3 is absent or is a linking group selected from the group consisting of alkylidyl, carbonyl, -alkylidyl-C(\u2550O)\u2014, \u2014C(\u2550O)-alkylidyl-, -alkylidylC(\u2550O)alkylidyl-, or \u2014SO2\u2014;
B is selected from the group consisting of an aryl, a heteroaryl, a nine to ten membered benzo-fused cycloalkyl, a nine to ten membered benzo-fused heterocycloalkyl, \u2014CH(R9)aryl, and \u2014CH(R9)heteroaryl; wherein the aromatic portion of said B is optionally substituted with R5; and wherein R9 is a substituent selected from hydrogen, alkyl, or cycloalkyl, wherein said alkyl is optionally substituted with alkylamino, amino, cyano, dialkylamino, halogenated alkyl, halogenated alkyloxy, \u2014SO2alkyl, or hydroxy;
R5 is independently selected from the group consisting of L4, alkyl; alkylamino, alkyloxy, amino, \u2014C(\u2550O)NH2, \u2014C(\u2550O)NH(alkyl), \u2014C(\u2550O)N(dialkyl), \u2014C(\u2550O)Oalkyl, \u2014C(\u2550O)OH, \u2014CH2OH, cyano, dialkylamino, halogen, halogenated alkyl, halogenated alkyloxy, halogenated SO2-alkyl, halogenated thioalkyl, hydroxy, hydroxy alkyl, \u2014N(alkyl)C(\u2550O)alkyl, \u2014N(alkyl)C(\u2550O)N(alkyl)2, \u2014N(alkyl)C(\u2550O)NHalkyl, \u2014N(alkyl)C(\u2550O)Oalkyl, \u2014N(alkyl)SO2alkyl, \u2014NHC(\u2550O)alkyl, \u2014NHC(\u2550O)N(alkyl)2, \u2014NHC(\u2550O)NH2, \u2014NHC(\u2550O)NHalkyl, \u2014NHC(\u2550O)Oalkyl, \u2014NHSO2alkyl, nitro, \u2014OC(\u2550O)N(alkyl)2, \u2014OC(\u2550O)NHalkyl, \u2014SO2alkyl, \u2014SO2NH2, thio, thioalkyl,
\u2003and -V-B10-W-B20; wherein,
V and W are each independently absent or selected from the group consisting of: \u2014C(\u2550O), \u2014C(\u2550O)N(alkyl)-, \u2014C(\u2550O)NH\u2014, \u2014C(\u2550O)O\u2014, \u2014N(alkyl)-, \u2014N(alkyl)C(\u2550O)\u2014, \u2014N(alkyl)C(\u2550O)N(alkyl)-, \u2014N(alkyl)C(\u2550O)NH\u2014, \u2014N(alkyl)C(\u2550O)O\u2014, \u2014N(alkyl)SO2\u2014, \u2014NH\u2014, \u2014NHC(\u2550O)\u2014, \u2014NHC(\u2550O)N(alkyl)-, \u2014NHC(\u2550O)NH\u2014, \u2014NHC(\u2550O)O\u2014, \u2014NHSO2\u2014, \u2014O\u2014, \u2014OC(\u2550O), \u2014OC(\u2550O)N(alkyl)-, \u2014OC(\u2550O)NH\u2014, \u2014OC(\u2550O)O\u2014, \u2014S\u2014, \u2014SO\u2014, \u2014SO2\u2014, \u2014SO2N(alkyl)- and \u2014SO2NH\u2014;
B10 is absent or selected from alkyl or alkenyl;
B20 is absent or selected from alkyl, alkenyl, or H;
wherein, when B10 or B20 is alkyl or alkenyl, the alkyl or alkenyl group may be optionally substituted with one or more groups independently selected from:
alkoxy, alkylamino, amino, cyano, dialkylamino, halogen, halogenated alkoxy, halogenated \u2014SO2alkyl, halogenated thioalkyl, hydroxy \u2014N(alkyl)C(\u2550O)alkyl, \u2014N(alkyl)C(\u2550O)N(alkyl)2, \u2014N(alkyl)C(\u2550O)NH2, \u2014N(alkyl)C(\u2550O)NHalkyl, \u2014N(alkyl)C(\u2550O)Oalkyl, \u2014N(alkyl)SO2alkyl, \u2014NHC(\u2550O)alkyl, \u2014NHC(\u2550O)N(alkyl)2, \u2014NHC(\u2550O)NH2, \u2014NHC(\u2550O)NHalkyl, \u2014NHC(\u2550O)Oalkyl, \u2014NHSO2alkyl, \u2014OC(\u2550O)alkyl, \u2014OC(\u2550O)N(alkyl)2, \u2014OC(\u2550O)NHalkyl, \u2014OC(\u2550O)Oalkyl, \u2014SO2alkyl, thio or thioalkyl; and
is selected from the group consisting of: an aryl, a cycloalkyl, a partially unsaturated carbocycle, a heteroaryl, a heterocycloalkyl, a nine to ten membered benzo-fused cycloalkyl, and a nine to ten membered benzo-fused heterocycloalkyl,
wherein, the aryl, cycloalkyl, partially unsaturated carbocycle, heteroaryl, heterocycloalkyl, benzo-fused cycloalkyl, or benzo-fused heterocycloalkyl, is optionally substituted with one or more substituents independently selected from: alkoxy, alkylamino, amino, cyano, dialkylamino, halogen, halogenated alkoxy, halogenated alkyl, halogenated \u2014SO2alkyl, halogenated thioalkyl, heteroaryl, hydroxy, hydroxy alkyl, \u2014N(alkyl)C(\u2550O)alkyl, \u2014N(alkyl)C(\u2550O)N(alkyl)2, \u2014N(alkyl)C(\u2550O)NHalkyl, \u2014N(alkyl)C(\u2550O)Oalkyl, \u2014N(alkyl)SO2alkyl, \u2014NHC(\u2550O)alkyl, \u2014NHC(\u2550O)N(alkyl)2, \u2014NHC(\u2550O)NH2, \u2014NHC(\u2550O)NHalkyl, \u2014NHC(\u2550O)Oalkyl, \u2014NHSO2alkyl, nitro, \u2014OC(\u2550O)N(alkyl)2, \u2014OC(\u2550O)NHalkyl, \u2014SO2alkyl, thio or thioalkyl;
provided that at least one, and no more than one, L4 or L5 is present.
2. The compound of claim 1, wherein
is:
wherein Formula A-4 is attached on the b1 side of Formula A-4 to the R1 substituted ring of formulae (I); and wherein
q is an integer from 0 to 4; provided that when
\u2003is Formula A-4, the sum of q and s is an integer from 0 to 4.
3. The compound of claim 1, wherein L4 is selected from -M-K-J1-Matrix or -M-K-J3-X-Matrix; wherein M is selected from \u2014C(\u2550O)NH\u2014, \u2014O\u2014, \u2014NHC(\u2550O)O\u2014, \u2014S\u2014, or \u2014SS\u2014; and wherein K is selected from
\u2014(CH2)m(CH2)n(CH2)p\u2014,
\u2014(CH2)m(OCH2CH2)n(CH2)p\u2014,
\u2014(CH2)m(OCH2CH2)n(OCH2)p\u2014,
\u2014(CH2)mNH(C\u2550O)(CH2)rn(CH2)p\u2014,
\u2014(CH2)m(C\u2550O)NH(CH2)r2n(CH2)p\u2014,
\u2014(CH2)mNH(C\u2550O)(CH2)nNH(C\u2550O)(CH2)p\u2014,
\u2014(CH2)nC(\u2550O)NH(CH2)nNH(CH2)p\u2014,
\u2014(CH2)mC(\u2550O)NH(CH2)nNHC(\u2550O)(CH2)p\u2014,
\u2014(CH2)mS(CH2)nO(CH2)p\u2014
\u2014(CH2CH2SCH2CH2O)n(CH2)p\u2014
\u2014(CH2)mS(CH2)C(\u2550O)NH(CH2)n\u2014
\u2014(CH2)mSS(CH2)nC(\u2550O)NH(CH2)p\u2014
\u2014(CH2)mNHC(\u2550O)(CH2)nSS(CH2)p\u2014
\u2014(CH2)mNH(C\u2550O)CH2OCH2C(\u2550O)NH(CH2)n(OCH2CH2)pCH2)\u2014
\u2014(CH2)m(OCH2CH2)nC(\u2550O)NH(CH2)p\u2014
\u2014(CH2)mC(\u2550O)NH(CH2)n(OCH2CH2)p\u2014,
\u2014(CH2)m(OCH2CH2)nNHC(\u2550O)(CH2)p\u2014,
\u2014(CH2)m(OCH2CH2)nSS(CH2)p\u2014; and
wherein J1 is selected from \u2014C(\u2550O)NH\u2014, \u2014(C\u2550O)O\u2014, \u2014NHC(\u2550O)\u2014, \u2014NH(C\u2550O)NH\u2014, \u2014NH(C\u2550O)O\u2014, \u2014O(C\u2550O)NH\u2014, \u2014OC(\u2550O)O\u2014, \u2014O(C\u2550O)\u2014, \u2014O\u2014, \u2014NH\u2014, \u2014(CH2)1-3O\u2014, \u2014SS\u2014, \u2014S\u2014, \u2014SCH2(CHOH)\u2014, \u2014CH\u2550NNH\u2014,
\u2003and
wherein J3 is selected from the group consisting of \u2014NH\u2014, \u2014O\u2014, \u2014NHNH\u2014,
\u2014NHNH\u2550CH\u2014, \u2014NHNH\u2014(C\u2550O)\u2014, \u2014NHNH\u2014(C\u2550O)O\u2014, \u2014NHNH\u2014(C\u2550O)NH\u2014, \u2014NH\u2014(CH2)6\u2014NH\u2014(C\u2550O)CH2\u2014S\u2014, \u2014NH\u2014(CH2)6\u2014NH\u2014(C\u2550O)CH2O\u2014, \u2014NH\u2014(CH2)6\u2014NH\u2014(C\u2550O)CH2\u2014NH\u2014, \u2014NH\u2014(CH2)5(C\u2550O)\u2014NH\u2014(CH2)5(C\u2550O)\u2014NHN\u2550CH\u2014, \u2014NH\u2014(CH2)5(C\u2550O)\u2014NH\u2014(CH2)5(C\u2550O)\u2014NHNH\u2014(C\u2550O)\u2014, \u2014NH\u2014(CH2)5(C\u2550O)\u2014NH\u2014(CH2)5(C\u2550O)\u2014NHNH\u2014(C\u2550O)O\u2014, \u2014NH\u2014(CH2)5(C\u2550O)\u2014NH\u2014(CH2)5(C\u2550O)\u2014NHNH\u2014(C\u2550O)NH\u2014, \u2014NH\u2014(CH2)5(C\u2550O)\u2014NH\u2014, \u2014NH\u2014(CH2)5(C\u2550O)\u2014O\u2014, \u2014NH\u2014(CH2)5(C\u2550O)\u2014NHNH\u2014, \u2014NH\u2014(CH2)5(C\u2550O)\u2014NHN\u2550CH\u2014, \u2014NH\u2014(CH2)5(C\u2550O)\u2014NHNH(C\u2550O)\u2014, \u2014NH\u2014(CH2)5(C\u2550O)\u2014NHNH(C\u2550O)O, \u2014NH\u2014(CH2)5(C\u2550O)\u2014NHNH(C\u2550O)NH\u2014, \u2014NH\u2014(CH2)2\u2014SS(CH2)2(C\u2550O)NH\u2014, \u2014NH\u2014(CH2)2\u2014SS\u2014(CH2)2(C\u2550O)O\u2014, \u2014NH\u2014(CH2)2\u2014SS\u2014(CH2)2(C\u2550O)NHNH\u2014, \u2014NH\u2014(CH2)2\u2014SS\u2014(CH2)2(C\u2550O)NHN\u2550CH\u2014, \u2014NH\u2014(CH2)2\u2014SS\u2014(CH2)2(C\u2550O)NHNH(C\u2550O)\u2014, \u2014NH\u2014(CH2)2\u2014SS\u2014(CH2)2(C\u2550O)NHNH(C\u2550O)O\u2014, \u2014NH\u2014(CH2)2\u2014SS\u2014(CH2)2(C\u2550O)NHNH(C\u2550O)NH\u2014, and \u2014NH(CH2)6\u2014NH(C\u2550O)CH2CH2SS\u2014;
provided that in L4 the attachment of M to K to J1 or J3 is not through a N\u2014O or O\u2014N bond, a N\u2014S or S\u2014N bond, an O\u2014S or S\u2014O bond, or an O\u2014O bond.
4. The compound of claim 1, wherein L4 is selected from -M-K-J1-Matrix or -M-K-J3-X-Matrix; wherein M is selected from \u2014C(\u2550O)NH\u2014 or \u2014O\u2014; and wherein K is selected from
\u2014(CH2)m(CH2)n(CH2)p\u2014,
\u2014(CH2)m(OCH2CH2)n(CH2)p\u2014,
\u2014(CH2)m(OCH2CH2)n(OCH2)p\u2014,
\u2014(CH2)m(OCH2CH2)nNHC(\u2550O)(CH2)p\u2014,
\u2014(CH2)m(OCH2CH2)nSS(CH2)p\u2014; and
wherein J1 is selected from \u2014NH\u2014, \u2014NHC(\u2550O)O\u2014, \u2014OC(\u2550O)\u2014, \u2014C(\u2550O)O\u2014, \u2014C(\u2014O)NH\u2014, or \u2014NHC(\u2550O)\u2014, \u2014CH\u2550NNH\u2014,
\u2003and
J3 is selected from \u2014NH\u2014, \u2014NHC(\u2550O)O\u2014, \u2014OC(\u2550O)\u2014, \u2014C(\u2550O)O\u2014, \u2014C(\u2550O)NH\u2014, or \u2014NHC(\u2550O)\u2014;
provided that in L4 the attachment of M to K to J1 or J3 is not through a N\u2014O or O\u2014N bond, a N\u2014S or S\u2014N bond, an O\u2014S or S\u2014O bond, or an O\u2014O bond.
5. The compound of claim 1 and wherein L5 is selected from -M1-K-J1-Matrix or -M1-K-J3-X-Matrix; wherein: M1 is selected from \u2014C(\u2550O)NH\u2014, \u2014(CH2)2-4NHC(\u2550O)\u2014, \u2014(CH2)2-4NH(C\u2550O)NH\u2014, \u2014(CH2)2-4(C\u2550O)NH\u2014, \u2014(CH2)2-4NHC(\u2550O)O\u2014, \u2014(CH2)2-4(C\u2550O)O\u2014, \u2014(CH2)2-4S\u2014, or \u2014(CH2)2-4O\u2014; provided that in L5 the attachment of M1 to K to J1 or J3 is not through a N\u2014O or O\u2014N bond, a N\u2014S or S\u2014N bond, an O\u2014S or S\u2014O bond, or an O\u2014O bond.
6. The compound of claim 1, wherein L4 is -M-K-J1-Matrix or -M-K-J3-X-Matrix and L5 is -M1-K-J1-Matrix or -M1-K-J3-X-Matrix and L4 and L5 are of a length and degree of flexibility that permits binding between the precursor compound and the target proteins.
7. The compound of claim 1, wherein said Matrix comprises a solid support material.
8. The compound of claim 7, wherein said solid support material is selected from the group consisting of gel, cellulose, glass, plastic material, beads, and plates.
9. A compound of claim 1 wherein: Matrix is selected from the group consisting of Ciphergen PS10 chip; Ciphergen PS20 chip; Reacti-Gel; UltraLink; UltraLink DADPA, PharmaLink, AminoLink; CarboLink; SulfoLink; MagnaBind bead; and UltraLink maleimide.
10. A method of identifying a biological molecule that binds to a compound of claim 1, comprising the steps of:
(1) contacting a test sample with the compound of claim 1 under a condition that allows a biological molecule within the test sample to bind to the compound, wherein said biological molecule is immobilized to a matrix via binding to the compound;
(2) releasing the bound biological molecule from the matrix; and
(3) characterizing the released biological molecule.
11. The method of claim 10, further comprising a step of washing the matrix with a suitable buffer to remove non-specifically bound artifacts after the contacting step.
12. The method of claim 10, wherein the biological molecule that binds to the compound of claim 1 comprises a polypeptide, a polynucleotide, a carbohydrate, or a lipid.
13. The method of claim 12, wherein the biological molecule that binds to the compound of claim 1 comprises a polypeptide.
14. The method of claim 10, wherein the biological molecule binds to the compound of claim 1 covalently.
15. The method of claim 10, wherein the biological molecule binds to the compound of claim 1 non-covalently.
16. The method of claim 10, wherein the releasing step comprises the step of contacting the matrix with excess amount of a core structure of the compound of claim 1.
17. The method of claim 10, wherein the releasing step comprises the step of breaking a disulfide bond linkage contained within the compound of claim 1.
18. The method of claim 10, wherein the releasing step comprises the step of contacting the matrix with an excess amount of biotin when the compound of claim 1 contains a specific binding pair of biotin and its complementary protein.
19. The method of claim 10, wherein the matrix comprises a protein-chip.
20. The method of claim 19, wherein the releasing step comprises the steps of:
(1) adding an energy-absorbing molecule to the surface of the protein-chip; and
(2) exposing the surface of the protein-chip to a nitrogen laser.
21. The method of claim 10, further comprising a step of comparing the biological activity of the biological molecule in the presence and absence of the compound of claim 1, a precursor compound to the compound of claim 1, or a core structure of the compound of claim 1.
22. A method of identifying a biological molecule that binds to a precursor compound to a compound of claim 1, comprising the steps of:
(1) contacting a test sample with the precursor compound under a condition that allows a biological molecule within the test sample to bind to the precursor compound;
(2) immobilizing the precursor compound to a matrix to form the compound of claim 1, wherein said biological molecule is immobilized to the matrix via binding to the compound of claim 1;
(3) releasing the bound biological molecule from the matrix; and
(4) characterizing the released biological molecule.
23. The method of claim 22, further comprising a step of washing the matrix with a suitable buffer to remove non-specifically bound artifacts after the contacting step.
24. The method of claim 22, wherein the biological molecule that binds to the compound of claim 1 comprises a polypeptide, a polynucleotides, a carbohydrate, or a lipid.
25. The method of claim 24, wherein the biological molecule that binds to the compound of claim 1 comprises a polypeptide.
26. The method of claim 22, wherein the biological molecule binds to the compound of claim 1 covalently.
27. The method of claim 22, wherein the biological molecule binds to the compound of claim 1 non-covalently.
28. The method of claim 22, wherein the releasing step comprises the step of contacting the matrix with excess amount of a core structure of the compound of claim 1.
29. The method of claim 22, wherein the releasing step comprises the step of breaking a disulfide bond linkage contained within the compound of claim 1.
30. The method of claim 22, wherein the releasing step comprises the step of contacting the matrix with excess amount of biotin when the compound of claim 1 contains a specific binding pair of biotin and its complementary protein.
31. The method of claim 22, wherein the matrix comprises a protein-chip.
32. The method of claim 31, wherein the releasing step comprises the steps of:
(1) adding an energy-absorbing molecule to the surface of the protein-chip; and
(2) exposing the surface of the protein-chip to a nitrogen laser.
33. The method of claim 22, further comprising a step of comparing the biological activity of the biological molecule in the presence and absence of the compound of claim 1, the precursor compound to the compound of claim 1, or a core structure of the compound of claim 1.
34. A method of identifying a compound that binds to tubulin, comprising the steps of:
(a) synthesizing a compound that mimics the core structure of a compound of claim 1; and
(b) determining the ability of the compound that mimics the core structure of the compound of claim 1 to bind to polymerizing tubulin.
35. The method of claim 34, wherein in the step of synthesizing, the compound of claim 1 is:
36. A method of regulating an activity of polymerizing tubulin, comprising a step of contacting the polymerizing tubulin with a compound of claim 1, a precursor compound to a compound of claim 1, or a core structure of a compound of claim 1.
37. The method of claim 36, comprising a step of contacting the polymerizing tubulin with:
a precursor compound or a core structure compound thereof.
38. A method of disrupting the function of the mitotic spindle in a cell comprising the step of contacting the cell with a compound of claim 1, a precursor compound to a compound of claim 1, or a core structure of a compound of claim 1.
39. The method of claim 38, comprising the step of contacting the cell with:
a precursor compound or a core structure compound thereof.