Author: claimsbot

1. An interconnection substrate comprising:
a first conductor layer in which a first conductor is provided;
a second conductor layer in which a plurality of second conductors are repeatedly provided at regions, each overlapping the first conductor in plan view; and
a plurality of first vias having one end connecting to the first conductor and the other end penetrating through the second conductor layer,
wherein each of the plurality of second conductors connects to the first conductor through either the first vias or a second via,
a second conductor of the plurality of second conductors connects to a first one of the plurality of first vias, and includes an opening at a region overlapping a second one of the plurality of first vias, and
said first conductor, said second conductor and said first one of the plurality of first vias connecting to said second conductor configure at least a part of a metamaterial structure.
2. The interconnection substrate according to claim 1, further comprising:
a third conductor layer located at the same side as the second conductor layer from a viewpoint of the first conductor layer,
wherein the third conductor layer has a third conductor at a region overlapping the first conductor in plan view,
the plurality of first vias extend to one surface of the interconnection substrate, and
the third conductor has a plurality of third openings, each overlapping each of the plurality of first vias in plan view.
3. The interconnection substrate according to claim 2, further comprising:
an electronic device mounted on one surface,
wherein the electronic device connects to at least one of the first vias.
4. An interconnection substrate comprising:
a first conductor layer in which a first conductor is provided;
a second conductor layer;
a plurality of first vias having one end connecting to the first conductor and the other end penetrating through the second conductor layer; and
a plurality of interconnect-shaped second conductors repeatedly provided in the second conductor layer, each having one end connecting to any one of the first vias, and the plurality of interconnect-shaped second conductors being connected only to the first vias,
wherein some of the plurality of first vias do not connect to the plurality of interconnect-shaped second conductors, and
said first conductor, an interconnect-shaped second conductor of the plurality of interconnect-shaped second conductors, and a first via of the plurality of first vias connecting to said interconnect-shaped second conductor configure at least a part of a metamaterial structure.
5. An interconnection substrate design supporting device designing an interconnection substrate, the interconnection substrate including a first conductor layer, a second conductor layer, and a plurality of first vias extending from the first conductor layer to the second conductor layer and having one end connecting to a first conductor in the first conductor layer, the device comprising:
a processing unit of a computer, comprising:
a via disposition information acquiring unit acquiring via disposition information indicating a disposition of the plurality of first vias;
a second conductor information acquiring unit acquiring second conductor information indicating disposition positions of a plurality of second conductors, the plurality of second conductors being repeatedly disposed in the second conductor layer;
a via extracting unit extracting an extraction via with respect to each of the plurality of second conductors, the extraction via being each of the first via overlapping the second conductor;
a via selecting unit selecting a selection via with respect to each of the plurality of second conductors, the selection via being each of the first vias selected in a predetermined number from the extraction vias; and
an opening introducing unit introducing a first opening to each of the plurality of second conductors, the first opening being overlapping the extraction via not selected by the via selecting unit in plan view.
6. The interconnection substrate design supporting device according to claim 5, further comprising:
a second conductor selecting unit selecting, from the plurality of second conductors, the second conductor in which the extraction via is not extracted; and
a second via introducing unit introducing a second via, the second via connecting the second conductor to the first conductor, the second conductor being selected by the second conductor selecting unit.
7. The interconnection substrate design supporting device according to claim 5, wherein the via selecting unit selects the selection via, the selection via being the first via nearest to a reference position among the extraction vias.
8. The interconnection substrate design supporting device according to claim 7, wherein the reference position is the center of the second conductor.
9. The interconnection substrate design supporting device according to claim 7, wherein the reference position is two or more in number, and
the via selecting unit selects the selection via with respect to each of the plurality of reference positions.
10. The interconnection substrate design supporting device according to claim 5, wherein a planar shape of each of the second conductors is a polygon, and
the via selecting unit selects the selection via, the selection via being the first via nearest to any one of corners of the polygon among the extraction vias.
11. The interconnection substrate design supporting device according to claim 5, wherein the selection vias are two or more in number,
a plurality of reference positions are set, and
the via selecting unit calculates a total value of distances from the plurality of reference positions to each of the extraction vias, and selects the selection via in the order in which the total value is small.
12. The interconnection substrate design supporting device according to claim 5, further comprising:
a second opening introducing unit introducing a second opening and an interconnect located inside the second opening, the second opening and the interconnect being introduced by selective removal of a portion located at the periphery of the selection via with respect to at least one side of the first conductor and the second conductor, the opening introducing unit connecting one end of the interconnect to the selection via and connecting the other end to an edge of the second opening.
13. The interconnection substrate design supporting device according to claim 5, wherein the interconnection substrate includes a third conductor layer, the third conductor layer being located at the same side as the second conductor layer from a viewpoint of the first conductor layer,
the third conductor layer has a third conductor at a region overlapping the first conductor in plan view,
the plurality of first vias extend to one surface of the interconnection substrate, and
the third conductor has a plurality of third openings, each overlapping each of the plurality of first vias in plan view.
14. An interconnection substrate design supporting device designing an interconnection substrate, the interconnection substrate including a first conductor layer, a second conductor layer, and a plurality of first vias extending from the first conductor layer to the second conductor layer and having one end connecting to a first conductor in the first conductor layer, the device comprising:
a processing unit of a computer, comprising:
a via disposition information acquirer acquiring via disposition information indicating a disposition of the plurality of first vias;
a disposition-permitted region information acquirer acquiring disposition-permitted region information with respect to each of a plurality of second conductors, the plurality of second conductors being repeatedly disposed in the second conductor layer, the disposition-permitted region information indicating a disposition-permitted region of the second conductors;
a via extractor extracting an extraction via with respect to each of the plurality of second conductors, the extraction via being each of the first vias overlapping the disposition-permitted region of the second conductor;
a via selector selecting a selection via with respect to each of the plurality of second conductors, the selection via being each of the first vias selected in a predetermined number from the extraction vias; and
a second conductor disposer determining the disposition of the second conductor in a manner such that the second conductor connects to the selection via.
15. The interconnection substrate design supporting device according to claim 14, further comprising:
a disposition-permitted region selector selecting, from the plurality of disposition-permitted regions, the disposition-permitted region in which the extraction via is not selected; and
a second via introducer introducing a second via to the disposition-permitted region selected by the disposition-permitted region selector, the second via connecting the second conductor to the first conductor,
wherein the second conductor disposer determines the disposition of the second conductor in a manner such that the second conductor connects to the second via in the disposition-permitted region selected by the disposition-permitted region selector.
16. The interconnection substrate design supporting device according to claim 14, wherein the second conductor comprises an interconnect-shaped conductor, and
the second conductor disposer determines the disposition of the second conductor in a manner such that one end of the second conductor connects to the selection via.
17. A method of designing an interconnection substrate, the interconnection substrate including a first conductor layer, a second conductor layer, and a plurality of first vias extending from the first conductor layer to the second conductor layer, the plurality of first vias having one end connecting to a first conductor located in the first conductor layer, the method comprising:
in a processing unit of a computer:
acquiring via disposition information indicating a disposition of the plurality of first vias;
acquiring second conductor information indicating disposition positions of a plurality of second conductors, the plurality of second conductors being repeatedly disposed in the second conductor layer;
extracting an extraction via with respect to each of the plurality of second conductors, the extraction via being each of the first vias overlapping the second conductor;
selecting a selection via with respect to each of the plurality of second conductors, the selection via being each of first vias selected in a predetermined number from the extraction vias; and
introducing a first opening to each of the plurality of second conductors, the first opening overlapping the extraction via not selected as the selection via in plan view.
18. A method of designing an interconnection substrate, the interconnection substrate including a first conductor layer, a second conductor layer, and a plurality of first vias extending from the first conductor layer to the second conductor layer, the plurality of first vias having one end connecting to a first conductor located in the first conductor layer, the method comprising:
in a processing unit of a computer:
acquiring via disposition information indicating a disposition of the plurality of first vias;
acquiring second conductor information with respect to each of a plurality of second conductors, the plurality of second conductors being repeatedly disposed in the second conductor layer, the second conductor information indicating a disposition-permitted region of the second conductors;
extracting an extraction via with respect to each of the plurality of second conductors, the extraction via being each of the first vias overlapping the disposition-permitted region of the second conductor;
selecting a selection via with respect to each of the plurality of second conductors, the selection via being each of the first vias selected in a predetermined number from the extraction vias; and
determining the disposition of the second conductor in a manner such that the second conductor connects to the selection via.
19. A non-transitory computer readable medium recording a program, the program causing a computer to function as an interconnection substrate designing device that designs an interconnection substrate, the interconnection substrate including a first conductor layer, a second conductor layer, and a plurality of first vias extending from the first conductor layer to the second conductor layer, the plurality of first vias having one end connecting to a first conductor located in the first conductor layer, the program causing the computer to execute:
a function of acquiring via disposition information indicating a disposition of the plurality of first vias;
a function of acquiring second conductor information indicating disposition positions of a plurality of second conductors, the plurality of second conductors being repeatedly disposed in the second conductor layer;
a function of extracting an extraction via with respect to each of the plurality of second conductors, the extraction via being each of the first vias overlapping the second conductor;
a function of selecting a selection via with respect to each of the plurality of second conductors, the selection via being the each of first vias selected in a predetermined number from the extraction vias; and
a function of introducing a first opening to each of the plurality of second conductors, the first opening overlapping the extraction via not selected as the selection via in plan view.
20. A non-transitory computer readable medium recording a program, the program causing a computer to function as an interconnection substrate designing device that designs an interconnection substrate, the interconnection substrate including a first conductor layer, a second conductor layer, and a plurality of first vias extending from the first conductor layer to the second conductor layer, the plurality of first vias having one end connecting to a first conductor located in the first conductor layer, the program causing the computer to execute:
a function of acquiring via disposition information indicating a disposition of the plurality of first vias;
a function of acquiring second conductor information with respect to each of a plurality of second conductors, the plurality of second conductors being repeatedly disposed in the second conductor layer, the second conductor information indicating a disposition-permitted region of the second conductors;
a function of extracting an extraction via with respect to each of the plurality of second conductors, the extraction via being each of the first vias overlapping the disposition-permitted region of the second conductor;
a function of selecting a selection via with respect to each of the plurality of second conductors, the selection via being each of the first vias selected in a predetermined number from the extraction vias; and
a function of determining the disposition of the second conductor in a manner such that the second conductor connects to the selection via.

The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.

1. A medicament delivery device comprising an actuation mechanism by successive operation of which a predetermined number of unit doses of medicament can be dispensed, the device including a locking mechanism for preventing further operation of the actuation mechanism after dispensing of said predetermined number of unit doses, characterised in that said locking mechanism comprises a resilient member, a formation with which the resilient member is engageable to disable operation of the actuation mechanism, and a barrier member that prevents engagement of the resilient member and the formation until said predetermined number of unit doses has been dispensed.
2. A medicament delivery device as claimed in claim 1, which is an inhaler.
3. A medicament delivery device as claimed in claim 2, which is a dry powder inhaler.
4. A medicament delivery device as claimed in any preceding claim, which comprises a reservoir in which a bulk quantity of medicament is held, the unit doses being dispensed as aliquots from that bulk quantity.
5. A medicament delivery device as claimed in any preceding claim, which dispenses unit doses of a single medicament.
6. A medicament delivery device as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4, which dispenses unit doses of a formulation containing two or more medicaments.
7. A medicament delivery device as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4, which dispenses unit doses of two or more medicaments from separate reservoirs within the device, those unit doses then being administered to the patient simultaneously.
8. A medicament delivery device as claimed in any preceding claim, wherein operation of the device is brought about by means of a push-button or the like and involves a reciprocating action.
9. A medicament delivery device as claimed in claim 8, wherein the push-button or the like not only causes dispensing of a unit dose of medicament, but also operates a dose counting mechanism that provides to the user of the device an indication of the number of doses that have been dispensed or alternatively the number of doses that remain to be dispensed.
10. A medicament delivery device as claimed in claim 9, wherein the push-button or the like acts upon a dose counter actuator.
11. A medicament delivery device as claimed in claim 10, wherein the resilient member is an elongate arm that is displaced along an axis parallel to the axis of reciprocating movement of the dose counter actuator.
12. A medicament delivery device as claimed in claim 11, wherein the arm has a projection that in the course of its reciprocating action is brought into registration with the formation, which is a recess or opening in an adjacent component of the device.
13. A medicament delivery device as claimed in claim 11 or claim 12, wherein the arm is formed integrally with the dose counter actuator.
14. A medicament delivery device as claimed in any one of claims 9 to 13, wherein the barrier member is part of the dose counting mechanism, the barrier member being interposed between the resilient member and the formation until the last of the predetermined number of unit doses has been dispensed.
15. A medicament delivery device as claimed in claim 14, wherein operation of the device to dispense the last of the predetermined doses has the effect of removing the barrier member from between the resilient member and the formation, thereby permitting the resilient member to engage the formation and preventing further operation of the device.
16. A medicament delivery device as claimed in any preceding claim, wherein the device incorporates a dose counting mechanism in which indicia showing the number of doses dispensed or remaining are carried on an element that is displaced upon each actuation.
17. A medicament delivery device as claimed in claim 16, wherein the element constitutes the barrier element.
18. A medicament delivery device as claimed in any one of claims 9 to 17, in which the dose counting mechanism comprises a tape that carries indicia showing the number of doses dispensed or remaining.
19. A medicament delivery device as claimed in claim 18, wherein the tape is wound on a take-up spool and is indexed upon each actuation of the device.
20. A. medicament delivery device as claimed in claim 18 or claim 19, wherein the tape passes between the resilient member and the formation during at least part of the actuation process, and thereby prevents engagement of the resilient member with the formation.
21. A medicament delivery device as claimed in any one of claims 18 to 20, wherein the tape has an opening that is brought into registration with the formation upon dispensing of the last of the predetermined doses, thereby removing the barrier between the formation and the resilient member and allowing the formation and the resilient member to engage.
22. A medicament delivery device as claimed in any one of claims 18 to 20, wherein the tape has one or more slits formed in it, such that the resilient member is able to penetrate the tape in the region of the slit(s).
23. A medicament delivery device as claimed in claim 22, wherein the tape is formed with an axial slit that is intersected by one or more transverse slits.
24. A medicament delivery device as claimed in any preceding claim, wherein the resilient member engages the formation when the actuator is in its depressed position.
25. A medicament delivery device comprising a dispensing actuator by successive operation of which a predetermined number of unit doses of medicament can be dispensed, the device including a locking mechanism for preventing further operation of the dispensing actuator after dispensing of said predetermined number of unit doses, and the dispensing actuator being capable of reciprocating motion between a rest position and a depressed position, the dispensing actuator being biased to the rest position and after dispensing of said predetermined number of unit doses being locked in the depressed condition.
26. A medicament delivery device as claimed in claim 25, which is an inhaler.
27. A medicament delivery device as claimed in claim 26, which is a dry powder inhaler.
28. A medicament delivery device as claimed in any one of claims 25 to 27, which comprises a reservoir in which a bulk quantity of medicament is held, the unit doses being dispensed as aliquots from that bulk quantity.
29. A medicament delivery device as claimed in any one of claims 25 to 28, which dispenses unit doses of a single medicament.
30. A medicament delivery device as claimed in any one of claims 25 to 28, which dispenses unit doses of a formulation containing two or more medicaments.
31. A medicament delivery device as claimed in any one of claims 25 to 28, which dispenses unit doses of two or more medicaments from separate reservoirs within the device, those unit doses then being administered to the patient simultaneously.
32. A medicament delivery device as claimed in any one of claims 25 to 31, wherein the dispensing actuator not only causes dispensing of a unit dose of medicament, but also operates a dose counting mechanism that provides to the user of the device an indication of the number of doses that have been dispensed or alternatively the number of doses that remain to be dispensed.
33. A medicament delivery device as claimed in claim 32, wherein the dispensing actuator also acts as a dose counter actuator.
34. A medicament delivery device as claimed in claim 33, wherein the dose counter actuator comprises a resilient member in the form of an elongate arm that is displaced along an axis parallel to the axis of reciprocating movement of the dose counter actuator.
35. A medicament delivery device as claimed in claim 34, wherein the arm has a projection that in the course of its reciprocating action is brought into registration with a formation in the form of a recess or opening in an adjacent component of the device.
36. A medicament delivery device as claimed in claim 35, wherein the arm is formed integrally with the dose counter actuator.
37. A medicament delivery device as claimed in claim 35 or claim 36, wherein indicia showing the number of doses dispensed or remaining are carried on an element that is displaced upon each actuation.
38. A medicament delivery device as claimed in claim 37, wherein the element is a tape.
39. A medicament delivery device as claimed in claim 38, wherein the tape is wound on a take-up spool and is indexed upon each actuation of the device.
40. A medicament delivery device as claimed in claim 38 or claim 39, wherein the tape passes between the resilient member and the formation during at least part of the actuation process, and thereby prevents engagement of the resilient member with the formation.
41. A medicament delivery device as claimed in claim 40, wherein the tape has an opening that is brought into registration with the formation upon dispensing of the last of the predetermined doses, thereby allowing the formation and the resilient member to engage.
42. A medicament delivery device as claimed in any preceding claim, which is charged with one or more medicaments selected from \u03b22-agonists, eg fenoterol, formoterol, pirbuterol, reproterol, rimiterol, salbutamol, salmeterol and terbutaline; non-selective beta-stimulants such as isoprenaline; xanthine bronchodilators, eg theophylline, aminophylline and choline theophyllinate; anticholinergics, eg ipratropium bromide, oxitropium and tiotropium; mast cell stabilisers, eg sodium cromoglycate and ketotifen; bronchial anti-inflammatory agents, eg nedocromil sodium; and steroids, eg beclomethasone, fluticasone, budesonide, flunisolide, triamcinolone, mometasone and ciclesonide; andor salts or derivatives thereof.
43. A medicament delivery device as claimed in any preceding claim, which is charged with a combination of medicaments selected from beclomethasone dipropionate and formoterol; beclomethasone dipropionate and salmeterol; fluticasone and formoterol; fluticasone and salmeterol; budesonide and formoterol; budesonide and salmeterol; flunisolide and formoterol; flunisolide and salmeterol; ciclesonide and salmeterol; ciclesonide and formoterol; mometasone and salmeterol; and mometasone and formoterol.

1. A process for loading calcium carbonate into fibers contained in a pulp suspension, the process comprising the steps of:
providing a pulp suspension comprised of fibers;
providing a calcium-rich medium, said calcium-rich medium being comprised of at least one of calcium oxide and calcium hydroxide;
adding controlled amounts of said calcium-rich medium to said pulp suspension and thereby forming a controllably variable calcium-treated pulp suspension;
providing a plurality of reactors, each reactor being fluidly coupled to a source of a carbon-dioxide medium, said carbon-dioxide medium being one of pure carbon dioxide and a medium containing carbon dioxide;
charging said calcium-treated pulp suspension and said carbon-dioxide medium into a first reactor to promote a chemical reaction to form calcium carbonate and thereby load said fibers with said calcium carbonate;
controlling the chemical reaction in the first reactor by selectively adding the carbon dioxide medium in at least one location of upstream, of the first reactor, into the first reactor and downstream of the first reactor, and selectively controlling temperatures of the pulp suspension and the carbon-dioxide medium in at least one location of upstream of the first reactor, in the first reactor and downstream of the first reactor;
charging a second reactor with said carbon-dioxide medium and at least one of said calcium-treated pulp suspension and fibers loaded with calcium carbonate from said first reactor; and
controlling a chemical reaction in the second reactor to form calcium carbonate with different types of crystals from said calcium carbonate formed in said first reactor, and thereby loading said fibers in said second reactor with said different types of calcium carbonate crystals, including selectively adding the carbon dioxide medium in at least one location of upstream of the second reactor, into the second reactor, and downstream of the second reactor, and selectively controlling temperatures of the pulp suspension and the carbon-dioxide medium in at least one location of upstream of the second reactor, in the second reactor and downstream of the second reactor.
2. The process of claim 1, wherein said plurality of reactors includes at least one section of reactors, said at least one section of reactors being connected in series.
3. The process of claim 1, wherein said plurality of reactors includes at least one section of reactors, said at least one section of reactors being connected in parallel.
4. The process of claim 1, wherein each said reactor has an energy input associated therewith, said energy input being in the approximate range of 0.1 kWht to 200 kWht.
5. The process of claim 4, wherein said energy input is in the approximate range of 0.5 kWht to 200 kWht.
6. The process of claim 1, wherein said plurality of reactors includes a combination of parallel-connected reactors and series-connected reactors.
7. The process of claim 1, wherein each of said pulp suspension and said calcium-treated pulp suspension have a pH associated therewith, the process including the further steps of:
measuring the pH of at least one of said pulp suspension and said calcium-treated pulp suspension so as to thereby monitor the chemical reaction; and
setting the pH of at least one of said pulp suspension and said calcium-treated pulp suspension so as to thereby help control the chemical reaction, the pH thereof being set within a range of about 5.5 to 10.5.
8. The process of claim 1, wherein said pulp suspension has an ash content, said ash content being controllable within an approximate range of 1% to 70%.
9. The process of claim 1, wherein said carbon-dioxide medium is introduced in a gaseous form.
10. The process of claim 1, wherein said carbon-dioxide medium being charged into said at least one reactor has a medium temperature associated therewith, said medium temperature being controlled within an approximate range of \u221220\xb0 C. to 100\xb0 C.
11. The process of claim 1, wherein brightness is used as an indicator for controlling the chemical reaction.
12. The process of claim 1, wherein said pulp suspension has an ash content, said pulp suspension and said ash content each having a pH associated therewith, the pH of at least one of said pulp suspension and said ash content being used as a control parameter to at least one of monitor and control the chemical reaction.
13. The process of claim 1, wherein said plurality of reactors includes partial reactors in which partial reactions of calcium-treated pulp suspension and said carbon-dioxide medium have occurred, said process including at least one of the following steps: testing of partial reactions;
switching on and off of at least one partial reactor; and
varying at least one operating parameter of at least one partial reactor.
14. The process of claim 1, wherein a pressure associated with each reactor is regulated in the range of about 0.1 bar to about 20 bar.

The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.

1. A wireless LAN system comprising:
a wireless LAN access point for communicating wirelessly with a wireless LAN terminal; and
a LED light bulb using a LED device as a light source, wherein
the wireless LAN access point is embedded in the LED light bulb.
2. The wireless LAN system according to claim 1, wherein
the LED light bulb irradiates light in a light irradiation pattern at a limited light irradiation angle, and
the wireless LAN access point emits a radio wave in a radio wave emission pattern matching entirely or almost entirely with the light irradiation pattern.
3. The wireless LAN system according to claim 2, wherein
the wireless LAN access point comprises a directional antenna.
4. The wireless LAN system according to claim 3, wherein
the LED light bulb comprises a reflector, and
the reflector houses the LED device and the directional antenna.
5. The wireless LAN system according to claim 2, wherein
the wireless LAN access point comprises an antenna, and
the LED light bulb comprises a radio wave absorber for absorbing a radio wave emitted from the antenna in a direction different from a specific direction.
6. The wireless LAN system according to claim 5, wherein
the LED light bulb comprises a reflector,
the reflector houses the LED device and the antenna, and
the radio wave absorber covers an outside of the reflector.
7. The wireless LAN system according to claim 1, wherein
the LED light bulb comprises:
a LED drive circuit for driving the LED device;
a power source circuit for supplying power at least to the LED drive circuit; and
an enclosure which houses at least the LED device, the LED drive circuit, and the power source circuit.
8. The wireless LAN system according to claim 7, wherein
the wireless LAN access point comprises:
an antenna housed in the enclosure; and
a wireless LAN communication circuit housed in the enclosure, connected to the antenna, and receiving power supply from the power source circuit.
9. The wireless LAN system according to claim 1, wherein
the LED light bulb is plugged into a socket connected to a power line for supplying a power, and
the wireless LAN access point embedded in the LED light bulb communicates with a network by way of power line communication (PLC) using the power line.
10. The wireless LAN system according to claim 1, wherein
the LED light bulb is provided in front of a showpiece, and
the wireless LAN access point embedded in the LED light bulb transmits information on the showpiece.