Author: claimsbot

1. A knee joint prosthesis comprising:
a femoral component having an anterior side, a posterior side, a pair of laterally spaced condylar portions, and an intercondylar portion joining the condylar portions and including a recess;
a cam surface located adjacent the intercondylar recess on the anterior side of the femoral component, the cam surface having a saddle shape and being defined by an at least substantially concave first radius of curvature and a convex third radius of curvature that is perpendicular to the concave first radius of curvature; and
a tibial component including a platform having an upper surface that includes first and second laterally spaced concavities, each adapted for receiving one condylar portion of the femoral component and a tibial post for reception in the intercondylar recess of the femoral component, the tibial post having a saddle shaped anterior cam surface that is complementary to the saddle shaped anterior cam surface of the femoral component and is defined by an at least substantially convex second radius of curvature and a concave fourth radius of curvature that is perpendicular to the convex second radius of curvature; wherein the convex second radius of curvature of the tibial component is less than the concave first radius of curvature of the femoral component;
wherein the saddle shaped anterior cam surface of the tibial post mates with the saddle shaped cam surface of the femoral component in an articulating manner in approximately 10 degrees of hyperextension of the knee.
2. The knee joint prosthesis of claim 1, wherein the convex second radius of curvature is 95% or less of the concave first radius of curvature.
3. The knee joint prosthesis of claim 1, wherein the convex second radius of curvature is 90% or less of the concave first radius of curvature.
4. The knee joint prosthesis of claim 1, wherein the convex third radius of curvature is between about 29% to about 42% of the concave fourth radius of curvature.
5. The knee joint prosthesis of claim 1, wherein the intercondylar portion includes an arcuate shaped roof and has a box angle of greater than 20\xb0 as measured from the roof to a plane parallel to a nominal base plane.
6. The knee joint prosthesis of claim 1, wherein the saddle shaped anterior cam surface of the tibial post is formed at an inferior part thereof.
7. The knee joint prosthesis of claim 1, wherein each of the spaced condylar portions has a surface that is convexly curved antero-posteriorly to match generally a lateral profile of an anatomical femoral condyle and convexly curved laterally throughout its antero-posterior extent.
8. The knee joint prosthesis of claim 1, wherein each of the at least substantially convex second radius of curvature of the anterior cam surface of the tibial post and the at least substantially concave first radius of curvature of the intercondylar portion of the femoral component includes a flat formed along the radius, each flat being positioned so that they contact one another when the two components mate with one another.
9. The knee joint prosthesis of claim 1, wherein
the intercondylar portion has an arcuate shaped roof and an angle of the intercondylar portion, as measured from the roof, to a horizontal plane, which is parallel to a base (ground) plane, is greater than 25\xb0 .
10. The knee joint prosthesis of claim 9, wherein the arcuate shaped roof is configured to be inserted into an arcuate shaped notch formed in the femur by removing bone.
11. The knee joint prosthesis of claim 9, wherein the angle of the intercondylar portion is between about 20\xb0 to about 35\xb0.
12. A knee joint prosthesis comprising:
a femoral component having an anterior side, a posterior side, a pair of laterally spaced condylar portions, and an intercondylar portion joining the condylar portions and including a recess;
a cam surface located adjacent the intercondylar recess on the anterior side of the femoral component, the cam surface being defined by an at least substantially concave first radius of curvature; and
a tibial component including a platform having an upper surface that includes first and second laterally spaced concavities, each adapted for receiving one condylar portion of the femoral component and a tibial post for reception in the intercondylar recess of the femoral component, the tibial post having an anterior cam surface defined by an at least substantially convex second radius of curvature;
wherein the first and second radiuses of curvature are different from one another to create a mismatch between the radii to encourage that the contact between the tibial and femoral component occurs at a center region of the tibial post instead of at lateral edges thereof;
wherein the intercondylar portion includes an arcuate shaped roof that extends between a pair of tangent side walls and has a box angle of greater than 20\xb0 as measured from the roof to a plane parallel to a nominal base plane, the intercondylar portion being configured so as to permit reception into and mating with a femur box notch formed in a femur bone, the femur box notch being defined by a rounded top surface and a pair of parallel side walls so as to permit the arcuate shaped roof to seat against the rounded top surface and the side walls of the intercondylar portion to seat against the side walls of the femur box notch.
13. A knee joint prosthesis comprising:
a femoral component having an anterior side, a posterior side, a pair of laterally spaced condylar portions, and an intercondylar portion joining the condylar portions and including a recess, the intercondylar portion having an arcuate shaped roof;
a cam surface located adjacent the intercondylar recess on the anterior side of the femoral component, the cam surface having a saddle shape and being defined by an at least substantially concave first radius of curvature and a convex third radius of curvature that is perpendicular to the concave first radius of curvature; and
a tibial component including a platform having an upper surface that includes first and second laterally spaced concavities, each adapted for receiving one condylar portion of the femoral component and a tibial post for reception in the intercondylar recess of the femoral component, the tibial post having a saddle shaped anterior cam surface that is complementary to the saddle shaped anterior cam surface of the femoral component and is defined by an at least substantially convex second radius of curvature and a concave fourth radius of curvature that is perpendicular to the convex second radius of curvature; wherein the convex second radius of curvature of the tibial component is less than the concave first radius of curvature of the femoral component;
wherein the saddle shaped anterior cam surface extends to an inferior part of the cam surface of the tibial post and is in articulating contact with the saddle shaped cam surface of the femoral component, the arcuate shaped roof of the intercondylar portion being configured to be inserted into an arcuate shaped notch formed in the femur by removing bone, with the intercondylar portion being received between and placed in contact with two parallel side walls that define the acuate shaped notch.

The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.

1. A solution for use in reducing the volatility of urea fertilizers comprising N-(n-butyl)-thiophosphoric triamide (NBPT) dissolved in a buffered reaction mixture of an amino alcohol having the formula 1\u2014(H)x\u2014N\u2014((CH2)m\u2014OH)n where m is 1-3, x is 0 or 1, and n is 2 when x is 1 and 3 when x is 0 or the formula 2\u2014(H)y\u2014N\u2014((CH2)\u2014CHOH\u2014CH3)z such that the length of the carbon chain where the secondary hydroxyl group is located is 3, y is 0 or 1, and z is 2 when y is 1 and 3 when y is 0, and a carboxylic acid having 6 or fewer carbon atoms to form an NBPT solution, said buffered reaction mixture containing the ammonium ion of said amino alcohol, the carboxylate ion of said carboxylic acid, and said amino alcohol, and having a pH of 8 to 10.
2. The solution of claim 1, wherein said amino alcohol is selected from the group consisting of diethanolamine, dipropanolamine, triethanolamine, tripropanolamine, diisopropanolamine, triisopropanolamine, and mixtures thereof.
3. The solution of claim 1, wherein from about 15% to about 30% by weight NBPT is dissolved in said buffered reaction mixture.
4. The solution of claim 1, further including a co-solvent.
5. The solution of claim 4, wherein said co-solvent is ethylene glycol or propylene glycol.
6. The solution of claim 1, wherein said solution is diluted with water.
7. The solution of claim 1, wherein the pH of said buffered reaction mixture is from 9 to 10.
8. The solution of claim 1, wherein said carboxylic acid is selected from the group consisting of acetic acid, propionic acid, butyric acid, valeric acid, caproic acid, and mixtures thereof.
9. The solution of claim 1, wherein said amino alcohol has a pKa of between about 7.5 and 10 and said carboxylic acid has a pKa of 5 or less.
10. A solution for use in reducing the volatility of urea fertilizers comprising N-(n-butyl)-thiophosphoric triamide (NBPT) dissolved in a buffered reaction mixture of an amino alcohol selected from the group consisting of diethanolamine, dipropanolamine, triethanolamine, tripropanolamine, diisopropanolamine, triisopropanolamine, and mixtures thereof, and a carboxylic acid having 6 or fewer carbon atoms to form an NBPT solution, said buffered reaction mixture containing the ammonium ion of said amino alcohol, the carboxylate ion of said carboxylic acid, and said amino alcohol, and having a pH of 8 to 10.
11. The solution of claim 10, wherein the pH of said buffered reaction mixture is from 9 to 10.
12. The solution of claim 10, further including a co-solvent.
13. The solution of claim 10, wherein said carboxylic acid is selected from the group consisting of acetic acid, propionic acid, butyric acid, valeric acid, caproic acid, and mixtures thereof.
14. The solution of claim 10, wherein said amino alcohol has a pKa of between about 7.5 and 10 and said acid has a pKa of 5 or less.
15. A solution for use in reducing the volatility of urea fertilizers comprising N-(n-butyl)-thiophosphoric triamide (NBPT) dissolved in a buffered reaction mixture of an amino alcohol having the formula 1\u2014(H)x\u2014N\u2014((CH2)m\u2014OH)n where m is 1-3, x is 0 or 1, and n is 2 when x is 1 and 3 when x is 0 or the formula 2\u2014(H)y\u2014N\u2014((CH2)\u2014CHOH\u2014CH3)z such that the length of the carbon chain where the secondary hydroxyl group is located is 3, y is 0 or 1, and z is 2 when y is 1 and 3 when y is 0, and a carboxylic acid having 6 or fewer carbon atoms selected from the group consisting of acetic acid, propionic acid, butyric acid, valeric acid, caproic acid, and mixtures thereof, to form an NBPT solution, said buffered reaction mixture containing the ammonium ion of said amino alcohol, the carboxylate ion of said carboxylic acid, and said amino alcohol, and having a pH of 8 to 10.
16. The solution of claim 15, wherein the pH of said buffered reaction mixture is from 9 to 10.
17. The solution of claim 15, further including a co-solvent.
18. The solution of claim 15, wherein said amino alcohol has a pKa of between about 7.5 and 10 and said carboxylic acid has a pKa of 5 or less.

1. A method of forming a capacitor construction, comprising:
providing a first capacitor electrode;
forming a perovskite-type dielectric material over the first capacitor electrode, the perovskite-type dielectric material having a first edge region proximate the first electrode and a portion further from the first electrode than the first edge region, said portion having a different amount of crystallinity than the first edge region; and
forming a second capacitor electrode over the perovskite-type dielectric material.
2. The method of claim 1 wherein the first edge region has less crystallinity than said portion.
3. The method of claim 1 wherein the first edge region is substantially amorphous and wherein said portion is substantially crystalline.
4. The method of claim 1 wherein the perovskite-type material comprises a second edge region proximate the second capacitor electrode, wherein the portion is between the first and second edge regions, and wherein the second edge region has an amount of crystallinity that is about the same as the first edge region.
5. The method of claim 1 wherein the perovskite-type material has a different chemical composition in said portion than in the edge region.
6. The method of claim 1 wherein the perovskite-type material has the same chemical composition in said portion as in the edge region.
7. The method of claim 1 wherein the perovskite-type material comprises barium, strontium, titanium and oxygen throughout both said portion and the edge region.
8. The method of claim 1 wherein the perovskite-type material consists essentially of barium, strontium, titanium and oxygen throughout both said portion and the edge region.
9. The method of claim 1 wherein the perovskite-type material consists of barium, strontium, titanium and oxygen throughout both said portion and the edge region.
10. The method of claim 1 wherein the perovskite-type material comprises titanium and oxygen.
11. The method of claim 1 wherein the perovskite-type material comprises titanium and oxygen, together with one or more of barium, strontium, lead and zirconium.
12. The method of claim 1 wherein the perovskite-type material comprises one or more of barium strontium titanate, barium titanate, lead zirconium titanate, and lanthanum doped lead zirconium titanate.
13. The method of claim 1 wherein the edge region and said portion are together formed by an uninterrupted chemical vapor deposition process.
14. The method of claim 1 wherein the first capacitor electrode comprises platinum.
15. The method of claim 1 wherein the first and second capacitor electrodes comprise platinum.
16. A method of forming a capacitor construction, comprising:
providing a first capacitor electrode;
forming a perovskite-type dielectric material over the first capacitor electrode;
forming a second capacitor electrode over the perovskite-type dielectric material; and
wherein, the perovskite-type dielectric material comprises a first substantially amorphous region physically against the first electrode, a second substantially amorphous region physically against the second electrode, and a substantially crystalline region between the first and second substantially amorphous regions.
17. The method of claim 16 wherein the perovskite-type material has a different chemical composition in the third region than in the first and second regions.
18. The method of claim 16 wherein the perovskite-type material has the same chemical composition throughout the first, second and third regions.
19. The method of claim 16 wherein the perovskite-type material comprises barium, strontium, titanium and oxygen throughout the first, second and third regions.
20. The method of claim 16 wherein the perovskite-type material consists essentially of barium, strontium, titanium and oxygen throughout the first, second and third regions.
21. The method of claim 16 wherein the perovskite-type material comprises titanium and oxygen, together with one or more of barium, strontium, lead and zirconium.
22. The method of claim 16 wherein the perovskite-type material comprises one or more of barium strontium titanate, barium titanate, lead zirconium titanate, and lanthanum doped lead zirconium titanate.
23. The method of claim 16 wherein the first, second and third regions are together formed by an uninterrupted chemical vapor deposition process.
24. A method of forming a capacitor construction, comprising:
providing a first capacitor electrode;
chemical vapor depositing a perovskite-type dielectric material over the first capacitor electrode; the chemical vapor depositing comprising flowing at least one metal organic precursor into a reaction chamber and forming a component of the perovskite-type dielectric material from the precursor; the precursor being exposed to different oxidizing conditions during formation of the perovskite-type dielectric material so that a first region of the dielectric material has more amorphous character than a second region of the perovskite-type dielectric material that is formed subsequent to the first region; and
forming a second capacitor electrode over the perovskite-type dielectric material.
25. The method of claim 24 wherein the first and second capacitor electrodes comprise metal.
26. The method of claim 24 wherein the first and second capacitor electrodes comprise platinum.
27. The method of claim 24 wherein the chemical vapor deposition is conducted to form the dielectric material at a temperature of less than 500 C.
28. The method of claim 24 wherein the chemical vapor deposition is conducted to form the dielectric material at a temperature of from about 450 to about 500 C.
29. The method of claim 24 wherein the perovskite-type dielectric material comprises barium, strontium, titanium and oxygen throughout the first and second regions.
30. The method of claim 24 wherein the perovskite-type dielectric material consists essentially of barium, strontium, titanium and oxygen throughout the first and second regions.
31. The method of claim 24 wherein the perovskite-type dielectric material consists of barium, strontium, titanium and oxygen throughout the first and second regions.
32. The method of claim 24 wherein the perovskite-type dielectric material comprises titanium and oxygen, together with one or more of barium, strontium, lead and zirconium.
33. The method of claim 24 wherein the perovskite-type dielectric material comprises one or more of barium strontium titanate, barium titanate, lead zirconium titanate, and lanthanum doped lead zirconium titanate.
34. The method of claim 24 wherein the chemical vapor depositing is uninterrupted during formation of the first and second regions.
35. The method of claim 24 wherein the oxidizing conditions include exposure to one or more of N2O, NO, H2O2, H2O3, and O2.
36. The method of claim 24 wherein the oxidizing conditions include exposure to first oxidizing conditions comprising one or both O3 and O2 to form the first region; and exposure to second oxidizing conditions comprising N2O to form the second region.
37. The method of claim 24 wherein the oxidizing conditions include exposure to first oxidizing conditions comprising utilization of an oxidant consisting of one or both O3 and O2 to form the first region; and exposure to second oxidizing conditions comprising utilization of an oxidant consisting of N2O to form the second region.
38. The method of claim 24 further comprising forming a third region of the perovskite-type dielectric material subsequent to the formation of the second region during the chemical vapor depositing; the precursor being exposed to different oxidizing conditions during formation of the second and third regions of the perovskite-type dielectric material so that the third region of the perovskite-type dielectric material has more amorphous character than the second region of the perovskite-type dielectric material.
39. The method of claim 38 wherein the chemical vapor depositing is uninterrupted during formation of the first, second and third regions.
40. The method of claim 38 wherein the oxidizing conditions used during formation of the first region are identical to the oxidizing conditions used during formation of the third region.
41. The method of claim 38 wherein the oxidizing conditions include exposure to first oxidizing conditions comprising utilization of an oxidant consisting of one or both O3 and O2 to form the first region; exposure to second oxidizing conditions comprising utilization of an oxidant consisting of N2O to form the second region; and exposure to third oxidizing conditions comprising utilization of an oxidant consisting of one or both O3 and O2 to form the third region.
42. The method of claim 38 wherein the first region comprises a thickness of from about 10 to about 50; the second region comprises a thickness of from about 50 to about 500; and the third region comprises a thickness of from about 10 to about 50.
43. A capacitor construction, comprising:
a first capacitor electrode;
a perovskite-type dielectric material over the first capacitor electrode, the perovskite-type dielectric material having a first region proximate the first electrode and a second region further from the first electrode than the first region, said second region having a different amount of crystallinity than the first region; and
a second capacitor electrode over the perovskite-type dielectric material.
44. The capacitor construction of claim 43 wherein the first region comprises a thickness of from about 10 to about 50; and the second region comprises a thickness of from about 50 to about 500.
45. The capacitor construction of claim 43 wherein the first region has less crystallinity than the second region.
46. The capacitor construction of claim 43 wherein the first region is substantially amorphous and the second region is substantially crystalline.
47. The capacitor construction of claim 43 wherein the perovskite-type material comprises a third region proximate the second capacitor electrode, wherein the second region is between the first and third regions, and wherein the third region has an amount of crystallinity that is about the same as the first region.
48. The capacitor construction of claim 47 wherein the perovskite-type material comprises barium, strontium, titanium and oxygen throughout both the first and second regions.
49. The capacitor construction of claim 47 wherein the first region comprises a thickness of from about 10 to about 50; the second region comprises a thickness of from about 50 to about 500; and the third region comprises a thickness of from about 10 to about 50.
50. The capacitor construction of claim 43 wherein the perovskite-type material has a different chemical composition in the second region than in the first region.
51. The capacitor construction of claim 43 wherein the perovskite-type material has the same chemical composition in the first and second regions.
52. The capacitor construction of claim 43 wherein the perovskite-type material comprises barium, strontium, titanium and oxygen throughout both the first and second regions.
53. The capacitor construction of claim 43 wherein the perovskite-type material consists essentially of barium, strontium, titanium and oxygen throughout first and second regions.
54. The capacitor construction of claim 43 wherein the perovskite-type material consists of barium, strontium, titanium and oxygen throughout the first and second regions.
55. The capacitor construction of claim 43 wherein the perovskite-type material comprises titanium and oxygen.
56. The capacitor construction of claim 43 wherein the perovskite-type material comprises titanium and oxygen, together with one or more of barium, strontium, lead and zirconium.
57. The capacitor construction of claim 43 wherein the perovskite-type material comprises one or more of barium strontium titanate, barium titanate, lead zirconium titanate, and lanthanum doped lead zirconium titanate.
58. The capacitor construction of claim 43 wherein the first capacitor electrode comprises a metal.
59. The capacitor construction of claim 43 wherein the first capacitor electrode comprises platinum.
60. The capacitor construction of claim 43 wherein the first and second capacitor electrodes comprise platinum.

The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.

1. A method for booting into computer memory a program from a hard disk drive (HDD) prior to booting into memory a standard operating system (O.S.) from the HDD, comprising:
establishing a table of contents (TOC) on the HDD containing entries for respective programs;
establishing at least one pointer to the TOC in memory of a computer associated with the HDD;
prompting a basic inputoutput system (BIOS) of the computer to load into memory at least one of the programs;
using BIOS, accessing the pointer;
using the pointer, accessing the TOC; and
using the TOC, loading the at least one of the programs prior to or in lieu of loading the standard O.S.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the pointer includes at least one logical block address (LBA).
3. The method of claim 1, comprising establishing the pointer in a master boot record (MBR) of the HDD and using the pointer in the MBR at least if validation fails using the pointer in the memory.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the TOC includes at least one image entry corresponding to a respective special O.S. program, the image entry including an image identifier, a beginning LBA of the image, a size of the image, and a memory load strategy for the image.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein the TOC includes a TOC table entry including at least an identifier unique to the TOC and TOC validation information.
6. The method of claim 1, comprising, before the act of using the TOC, undertaking at least one validation determination on the TOC, and using the TOC only if the TOC is determined to be valid.
7. A computer system, comprising:
at least block storage medium containing at least one table of contents (TOC) including at least one image entry corresponding to a program on the block storage medium;
at least one main solid state memory;
at least one processor having access to a basic inputoutput system (BIOS) for booting programs from the block storage medium into the main solid state memory;
at least one non-volatile solid state memory accessible to the BIOS, the non-volatile solid state memory including a pointer to the TOC;
logic accessing the TOC using the pointer; and
logic accessing the program using the TOC to boot the program into the main solid state memory.
8. The system of claim 7, wherein the logic accessing the program boots the program prior to or in lieu of booting an operating system on the block storage medium to memory.
9. The system of claim 7, wherein the pointer includes at least one logical block address (LBA).
10. The system of claim 7, wherein the block storage medium includes a master boot record (MBR) storing a pointer to the TOC, the pointer in the MBR being used at least if validation fails using the pointer in the memory.
11. The system of claim 7, wherein the TOC includes at least one image entry corresponding to a respective program, the image entry including an image identifier, a beginning LBA of the image, a size of the image, and a memory load strategy for the image.
12. The system of claim 7, wherein the TOC includes a TOC table entry including at least an identifier unique to the TOC and TOC validation information.
13. A hard disk drive (HDD), comprising:
at least one program; and
a table of contents (TOC) data structure comprising:
at least one image entry corresponding to the program, the image entry including an image identifier, a beginning LBA of the image, a size of the image, and a memory load location for the image; and
a TOC table entry including at least an identifier unique to the TOC and TOC validation information.
14. The HDD of claim 13, wherein the HDD includes a master boot record (MBR) storing a pointer to the TOC.
15. The HDD of claim 13, wherein the image entry includes validation metrics useful for validating the program.
16. The HDD of claim 13, wherein the image entry includes a program execution starting point.
17. The HDD of claim 13, wherein the program is not a standard operating system (O.S.) and is bootable from disk without the aid of a standard O.S.