Author: claimsbot

1. A method comprising:
(1) monitoring the state of a telecommunications session with:
(i) a first telephony application that runs on a first system software image, and
(ii) a second telephony application that runs on a second system software image;

(2) changing the state of the telecommunications session from a first state into a second state with the first telephony application;
(3) receiving an indication that the telecommunications session has changed from the second state into a third state;
(4) broadcasting an indication of the change of the state of the telecommunications session from the second state to the third state to:
(i) the first telephone application, and
(ii) a translator that translates the indication of the change from the second state to the third state into a translated signaling message that is readable by the second telephony application; and

(5) changing the state of the telecommunications session from the third state to a fourth state with the second telephony application;
wherein the first telephony application and the second telephony application are both executed on the same telecommunications terminal.
2. The method of claim 1 wherein the indication of the change of the state of the telecommunications session from the second state to the third state is broadcast over a message bus.
3. The method of claim 1 wherein the telecommunications session is effectuated through a signaling protocol stack running on the first system software.
4. A method comprising:
broadcasting a message inside a telecommunications terminal that indicates a signaling message for a telecommunications session initiated by a first telephony application, wherein the first telephony application runs on a first system software image;
receiving and translating the broadcast message into a translated message that is compatible with a second telephony application, wherein the second telephony application runs on a second system software image that is different than the first system software image, and wherein the first system software image and the second software image both reside on the telecommunications terminal;
forwarding the translated message to the second telephony application; and
changing the state of the telecommunications session from the second telephony application based on the contents of the translated message.
5. The method of claim 4 wherein the message is broadcast over a message bus.
6. The method of claim 4 wherein forwarding the translated message comprises broadcasting the translated message over a message bus.
7. The method of claim 4 wherein the telecommunications session is effectuated through a signaling protocol stack located in the first system software.
8. The method of claim 4 wherein the signaling message is broadcast by a signaling protocol stack executing on the first system software.
9. The method of claim 4 wherein the first telephony application and the second telephony application are both executed on the same telecommunications terminal.
10. A method comprising:
receiving a broadcast message from a first telephony application, wherein the broadcast message indicates a signaling message for a telecommunications session that is conducted by the first telephony application;
translating the broadcast message into a translated message that is compatible with a second telephony application, wherein the second telephony application runs on different system software image than the first telephony application, and wherein the first system software image and the second software image both reside on the telecommunications terminal;
forwarding the translated message to the second telephony application;
updating a record of the state of the telecommunications session at the second telephony application based on the contents of the signaling message.
11. The method of claim 10 comprising switching to using the second telephony application for the conduct of the telecommunications session, wherein the switch is based on the record of the telecommunications session state.
12. The method of claim 10 wherein the message is broadcast over a message bus.
13. The method of claim 10 wherein forwarding the translated message comprises broadcasting the translated message over a message bus.
14. The method of claim 10 wherein the telecommunications session is effectuated through a signaling protocol stack executing on the first system software.

The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.

1. An azo pigment represented by the general formula (1), a tautomer, salt, or hydrate of the azo pigment:
wherein G1 represents 5- or 6-membered ring together with carbon atoms and a nitrogen atom(s), the heterocyclic ring may be an aromatic ring or a condensed ring;
Y represents a hydrogen atom or an aliphatic group;
R1 represents an aliphatic group, an aliphatic amino group, an arylamino group, a heterocyclic amino group, an acylamino group, a sulfonamido group, an amino group, or a heterocyclic group;
R2 and R3 each independently represents an aliphatic amino group, an arylamino group, a heterocyclic amino group, an acylamino group, a sulfonamido group, an amino group, or a heterocyclic group;
X1 represents a nitrogen atom or C\u2014Z, Z represents an electron-withdrawing group having a Hammett \u03c3p value of 0.2 or more;
X2 represents a nitrogen atom or C\u2014R5, R5 represents a hydrogen atom, a cyano group, a carbamoyl group, an aliphatic oxycarbonyl group, or a carboxyl group;
n represents an integer of from 1 to 4;
when n=2, the general formula (1) represents a dimer formed through R1, R2, R3, Y, Z, or G;
when n=3, the general formula (1) represents a trimer formed through R1, R2, R3, Y, Z, or G; and
when n=4, the general formula (1) represents a tetramer formed through R1, R2, R3, Y, Z, or G.
2. The azo pigment, a tautomer, salt, or hydrate thereof according to claim 1,
wherein the azo pigment represented by the general formula (1) is represented by general formula (2) or (2-1):
wherein Y, R1, n, and X2 are the same as those defined with respect to the general formula (1);
R6 represents a hydrogen atom, an aliphatic group, an aryl group, or a heterocyclic group;
R21 and R22 each independently represents an aliphatic amino group, an arylamino group, a heterocyclic amino group, an acylamino group, a sulfonamido group, an amino group, or a heterocyclic group;
G1 is defined in the general formula (1)
G0 represents an aliphatic group;
Z1 and Z2 each represents an electron-withdrawing group having a Hammett \u03c3p value of 0.2 or more; and
Y21 represents a hydrogen atom or a methyl group.
3. A pigment dispersion containing at least one azo pigment according to claim 1, a tautomer, salt, or hydrate thereof.
4. A coloring composition containing at least one azo pigment according to claim 1, a tautomer, salt, or hydrate thereof.
5. An ink for inkjet recording using the pigment dispersion according to claim 3.
6. An azo compound represented by the general formula (2) or (2-1):
wherein
Y represents a hydrogen atom or an aliphatic group;
R1 represents an aliphatic group, an aliphatic amino group, an arylamino group, a heterocyclic amino group, an acylamino group, a sulfonamido group, an amino group, or a heterocyclic group;
R21 and R22 each independently represents an aliphatic amino group, an arylamino group, a heterocyclic amino group, an acylamino group, a sulfonamido group, an amino group, or a heterocyclic group;
Z1 and Z2 each represent an electron-withdrawing group having a Hammett \u03c3p value of 0.2 or more;
X2 represents a nitrogen atom or C\u2014R5, R5 represents a hydrogen atom, a cyano group, a carbamoyl group, an aliphatic oxycarbonyl group, or a carboxyl group;
R6 represents a hydrogen atom, an aliphatic group, an aryl group, or a heterocyclic group;
G0 represents an aliphatic group;
G1 represents a 5- or 6-membered ring together with carbon atoms and a nitrogen atom(s), the heterocyclic ring may be an aromatic ring or a condensed ring;
Y21 represents a hydrogen atom or a methyl group;
n represents an integer of from 1 to 4;
when n=2, the general formula (1) represents a dimer formed through R1, R21, R22, R6, Y, Y21, Z1, Z2, G0, or G1;
when n=3, the general formula (1) represents a trimer formed through R1, R21, R22, R6, Y, Y21, Z1, Z2, G0, or G1; and
when n=4, the general formula (1) represents a tetramer formed through R1, R21, R22, R6, Y, Y21, Z1, Z2, G0, or G1.
7. The azo pigment, a tautomer, salt, or hydrate thereof according to claim 1, wherein G is selected from the group consisting of G-1, G-4 and G-6 wherein Y1, Y2, Y3 and Y4 each independently represents a hydrogen atom or a substituent:
8. The azo pigment, a tautomer, salt, or hydrate thereof according to claim 1, wherein Y is a hydrogen atom.
9. The azo pigment, a tautomer, salt, or hydrate thereof according to claim 1, wherein X2 is a nitrogen atom.
10. The azo pigment, a tautomer, salt, or hydrate thereof according to claim 1, wherein R2 is an alkylamino group, an arylamino group, or a saturated heterocyclic group connected at a nitrogen atom, and a nitrogen atom included in R2 is connected to at least a hydrogen atom.

1. A lever assembly comprising:
(A) a lever including an input arm having a substantially fixed length and an output arm having a variable length, the output arm length being the distance between (1) a fulcrum about which the lever pivots and that is fixed with respect to a master cylinder body and (2) a contact surface of the lever and a force transmitting member, wherein the lever output arm (1) is moveable with respect to the fulcrum and (2) is configured to be pivotable about a master cylinder, the master cylinder having a master cylinder piston situated therein;
(B) an adjuster mechanism that is housed within the lever and that pivots on the fulcrum, wherein movement of the adjuster mechanism moves the entire lever linearly with respect to the fulcrum along a longitudinal axis of an elongated slot, and changes a ratio of the output arm length to the input arm length; and
(C) a push rod having a first end and a second end, wherein the first end is pivotally secured to the force transmitting member and the second end is pivotally secured to the master cylinder piston.
2. The lever assembly of claim 1, wherein the adjuster mechanism comprises:
(A) a slider that pivots on the fulcrum; and
(B) a thumbwheel coupled to the slider, wherein rotation of the thumbwheel slides the lever relative to the fulcrum to adjust the output arm length of the lever.
3. The lever assembly of claim 2, wherein the thumbwheel is threadably coupled to the slider.
4. The lever assembly of claim 1, wherein force exerted on the lever input arm exerts a pushing force from the lever output arm to a master cylinder.
5. The lever assembly of claim 1, further comprising a coupling mechanism that adjusts a distance of the lever relative to a handlebar.
6. The lever assembly of claim 5, wherein the coupling mechanism comprises:
(A) a bushing having (1) a bore that is perpendicular to a longitudinal axis of the bushing, and (2) a flat that is perpendicular to the bore; and
(B) sleeves configured to be received on ends of the bushing and including ears having an arcuate surface, wherein a push rod is received in the bore of the bushing and the arcuate surfaces of the ears.
7. The lever assembly of claim 6, further comprising a lever adjustment knob coupled to the push rod via the bushing, wherein the bushing is captured within the lever output arm, and wherein rotation of the lever adjustment knob moves the bushing helically along the push rod.
8. The lever assembly of claim 1, wherein the lever output arm actuates a master cylinder.
9. The lever assembly of claim 8, wherein the master cylinder piston has an end with a concave surface; and
the second end of the push rod has a convex surface that is coupled to the concave surface via a ball and socket joint.
10. A method of adjusting a mechanical advantage of a lever comprising:
(A) rotating a thumbwheel coupled to a slider that pivots on a fulcrum that is fixed with respect to a master cylinder body and housed within the lever, moving the lever with respect to the fulcrum by rotating the thumbwheel, the lever including an output arm, the output arm length being the distance between (1) the fulcrum and (2) a contact surface of the lever and a force transmitting member, the lever output arm being at least indirectly pivotally secured to one end of a push rod, and wherein an opposite end of the push rod is pivotally secured to a master cylinder piston situated in the master cylinder body;
(B) sliding the entire lever linearly with respect to the fulcrum along a longitudinal axis of an elongated slot; and
(C) adjusting a ratio of a length of the output arm of the lever to an input arm length of the lever.
11. The method of claim 10, wherein the rotating step does not require locking the thumbwheel.
12. The method of claim 10, further comprising:
(A) exerting a force on an input arm of the lever; and
(B) applying a pushing force on a hydraulic master cylinder with an output arm of the lever.
13. The method of claim 10, wherein the rotating step can occur during operation of a vehicle.
14. A lever assembly comprising:
(A) a lever that is pivotal about a fulcrum that is fixed with respect to a master cylinder body, the lever including an input arm having a substantially fixed length and an output arm having a variable length with respect to the fixed fulcrum, the output arm length being the distance between (1) the fulcrum and (2) a contact surface of the lever and a force transmitting member, wherein the lever output arm (1) is moveable with respect to the fulcrum and (2) is configured to contact the force transmitting member; and
(B) an adjuster mechanism that is housed within the lever and that pivots on the fulcrum, wherein movement of the adjuster mechanism moves the entire lever linearly with respect to the fulcrum along a longitudinal axis of an elongated slot, and changes a ratio of the output arm length to the input arm length;
(C) a push rod having a first end and a second end, wherein the first end is pivotally secured to the force transmitting member and the second end is pivotally secured to a master cylinder piston situated in the master cylinder body.
15. The lever assembly of claim 14, wherein the adjuster mechanism comprises:
(A) a slider that pivots on the fulcrum; and
(B) a thumbwheel coupled to the slider, wherein rotation of the thumbwheel slides the lever relative to the fulcrum to adjust the output arm length of the lever.
16. The lever assembly of claim 15, wherein the thumbwheel is threadably coupled to the slider.
17. The lever assembly of claim 14, wherein force exerted on the lever input arm exerts a pushing force from the lever output arm to a master cylinder.
18. The lever assembly of claim 14, further comprising a coupling mechanism that adjusts a distance of the lever relative to a handlebar.
19. The lever assembly of claim 18, wherein the coupling mechanism comprises:
(A) a bushing having (1) a bore that is perpendicular to a longitudinal axis of the bushing, and (2) a flat that is perpendicular to the bore; and
(B) sleeves configured to be received on ends of the bushing and including ears having an arcuate surface, wherein a push rod is received in the bore of the bushing and the arcuate surfaces of the ears.
20. The lever assembly of claim 19, further comprising a lever adjustment knob coupled to the push rod via the bushing, wherein the bushing is captured within the lever output arm, and wherein rotation of the lever adjustment knob moves the bushing helically along the push rod.
21. The lever assembly of claim 14, wherein the lever output arm actuates a master cylinder.
22. The lever assembly of claim 21, wherein the master cylinder piston has an end with a concave surface; and
the second end of the push rod has a convex surface that is coupled to the concave surface via a ball and socket joint.

The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.

1. A method, comprising:
identifying a bandwidth parameter associated with a network link;
evaluating a bandwidth request associated with user equipment, wherein the bandwidth request is associated with a session, which involves the user equipment and which implicates the network link;
modifying the bandwidth request based on the bandwidth parameter that was identified;
identifying a local gateway (L-GW) option for a subsequent request; and
determining not to downgrade the network link based on the L-GW option being present.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein one or more header extensions in one or more packets are evaluated in order to assist in identifying the bandwidth parameter, and wherein the one or more header extensions include a selected one of packet sequence numbers, an average packet transmission rate, an average packet receiving rate, and a packet reception error rate.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein modifying the bandwidth request includes downgrading the bandwidth request to lower a bit rate based on the bandwidth parameter identified for the network link.
4. The method of claim 3, wherein the bandwidth parameter associated with the network link is subsequently evaluated in order to reverse the downgrading of the bandwidth request.
5. The method of claim 2, wherein one or more of the header extensions include negotiated aggregate maximum bit rate (AMBR)guaranteed bit rate (GBR) values.
6. The method of claim 5, further comprising:
identifying that the AMBRGBR value cannot be sustained due to the bandwidth parameter; and
communicating to a mobility management entity (MME) that a packet data protocol (PDP) context modification should occur for downgrading the network link.
7. Logic encoded in a non-transitory computer readable medium that includes code for execution and when executed by a processor operable to perform operations comprising:
identifying a bandwidth parameter associated with a network link;
evaluating a bandwidth request associated with user equipment, wherein the bandwidth request is associated with a session, which involves the user equipment and which implicates the network link; and
modifying the bandwidth request based on the bandwidth parameter that was identified, wherein the bandwidth parameter associated with the network link is subsequently evaluated in order to reverse a downgrading of the bandwidth request.
8. The logic of claim 7, wherein one or more header extensions in one or more packets are evaluated in order to assist in identifying the bandwidth parameter, and wherein the one or more header extensions include a selected one of packet sequence numbers, an average packet transmission rate, an average packet receiving rate, and a packet reception error rate.
9. The logic of claim 8, wherein one or more of the header extensions include negotiated aggregate maximum bit rate (AMBR)guaranteed bit rate (GBR) values.
10. The logic of claim 8, being further operable to perform operations comprising:
identifying that the AMBRGBR value cannot be sustained due to the bandwidth parameter; and
communicating to a mobility management entity (MME) that a packet data protocol (PDP) context modification should occur for downgrading the network link.
11. The logic of claim 7, being further operable to perform operations comprising:
identifying a local gateway (L-GW) option for a subsequent request; and
determining not to downgrade the network link based on the L-GW option being present.
12. An apparatus, comprising:
a memory element configured to store data,
a processor operable to execute instructions associated with the data, and
a bandwidth sensing module configured to:
identify a bandwidth parameter associated with a network link;
evaluate a bandwidth request associated with user equipment, wherein the bandwidth request is associated with a session, which involves the user equipment and which implicates the network link; and
modify the bandwidth request based on the bandwidth parameter that was identified, wherein one or more header extensions in one or more packets are evaluated in order to assist in identifying the bandwidth parameter, and wherein the one or more header extensions include a selected one of packet sequence numbers, an average packet transmission rate, an average packet receiving rate, and a packet reception error rate, and wherein one or more of the header extensions include negotiated aggregate maximum bit rate (AM BR)guaranteed bit rate (GBR) values.
13. The apparatus of claim 12, wherein modifying the bandwidth request includes downgrading the bandwidth request to lower a bit rate based on the bandwidth parameter identified for the network link.
14. The apparatus of claim 13, wherein the bandwidth parameter associated with the network link is subsequently evaluated in order to reverse the downgrading of the bandwidth request.
15. The apparatus of claim 12, wherein the bandwidth sensing module is further configured to:
identify that the AMBRGBR value cannot be sustained due to the bandwidth parameter; and
communicate to a mobility management entity (MME) that a packet data protocol (PDP) context modification should occur for downgrading the network link.
16. The apparatus of claim 12, wherein the bandwidth sensing module is further configured to:
identify a local gateway (L-GW) option for a subsequent request; and
determine not to downgrade the network link based on the L-GW option being present.