1. A CT system comprising:
a rotatable gantry having an opening for receiving an object to be scanned;
an x-ray source coupled to the gantry and configured to project x-rays through the opening;
a generator configured to energize the x-ray source to a first kVp and to a second kVp to generate the x-rays;
a detector having pixels therein, the detector attached to the gantry and positioned to receive the x-rays; and
a computer programmed to:
acquire a first view dataset and a second view dataset with the x-ray source energized to the first kVp;
interpolate the first and second view datasets to generate interpolated pixels in an interpolated view dataset at the first kVp, using at least two pixels from each of the first and second view datasets to generate each interpolated pixel in the interpolated view dataset; and
generate an image of the object using the interpolated view dataset.
2. The CT system of claim 1 wherein the computer is further programmed to combine at least the first view dataset, the second view dataset, and the interpolated view dataset, to form a first kVp sinogram.
3. The CT system of claim 2 wherein the computer is further programmed to acquire a third view dataset temporally positioned between the first view dataset and the second view dataset, wherein the third view dataset is acquired with the x-ray source energized to the second kVp.
4. The CT system of claim 3 wherein the computer is programmed to generate the image of the object by being programmed to:
generate a first kVp sinogram using at least the first view dataset, the second view dataset, and the interpolated pixel;
generate a second kVp sinogram formed from at least the third view dataset; and
employ a basis material decomposition algorithm that decomposes the first kVp sinogram and the second kVp sinogram.
5. The CT system of claim 3 wherein the computer is further programmed to acquire:
the first view dataset at a first circumferential view location of the gantry,
the third view dataset at a subsequent second circumferential view location; and
the second view dataset at a subsequent third circumferential view location;
wherein no view data is acquired between the first and second circumferential view locations, and no view data is acquired between the second and third circumferential view locations.
6. The CT system of claim 3 wherein the computer is programmed to acquire the first view dataset as one of a first plurality of view datasets that are acquired at subsequent neighboring view locations and at the first kVp, and the computer is programmed to acquire the second view dataset as one of a second plurality of view datasets that are acquired at subsequent neighboring view locations and at the first kVp.
7. The CT system of claim 1 wherein the computer is further programmed to obtain a reference sinogram from at least the first and second acquired view datasets.
8. The CT system of claim 7 wherein the computer is programmed to obtain the reference sinogram via one of a back-projectionprojection method, a combination of linearly interpolated sinograms, a local window filtering method, and a linear interpolation with Wiener filtering.
9. The CT system of claim 7 wherein the computer is further programmed to calculate weighting factors for the interpolation from the reference sinogram.
10. The CT system of claim 9 wherein the computer is further programmed to minimize a minimum square error (MSE) function that is based on the reference sinogram.
11. A method of acquiring CT imaging data, the method comprising:
applying a first voltage potential between a cathode and an x-ray target to generate x-rays at the first potential;
applying a second voltage potential between the cathode and the x-ray target to generate x-rays at the second potential, wherein the second voltage potential is different from the first voltage potential;
obtaining a first view dataset and a second view dataset of imaging data from the x-rays generated at the first voltage potential, wherein the first view dataset and the second view dataset are obtained at respective first and second view locations that are separated by at least a third view location;
deriving a reference sinogram based on the first and second view datasets;
estimating values of a third view dataset at the third view location and at the first voltage potential using pixel data from pixel locations of each of the first and second view datasets and using the reference sinogram; and
reconstructing an image based on the third view dataset.
12. The method of claim 11 wherein estimating includes estimating values of the third view dataset based on at least two pixels from each of the first and second view datasets.
13. The method of claim 11 further comprising obtaining a fourth view dataset at the third view location from the x-rays generated at the second voltage potential.
14. The method of claim 13 comprising:
combining the first view dataset, the second view dataset, and the third view dataset to form a first-potential sinogram;
obtaining a plurality of second-potential view datasets from the x-rays generated at the second voltage potential;
combining the fourth view dataset with the plurality of second-potential view datasets to form a second-potential sinogram; and
wherein reconstructing the image comprises reconstructing a dual-energy image using the first-potential sinogram and the second-potential sinogram and a basis material decomposition algorithm.
15. The method of claim 13 wherein obtaining the first, fourth, and second view datasets comprises:
obtaining the first view dataset prior to obtaining the fourth view dataset;
obtaining the fourth view dataset prior to obtaining the second view dataset; and
obtaining the first, fourth, and second view datasets at sequential view locations.
16. The method of claim 13 wherein obtaining the first view dataset and the second view datasets comprise:
obtaining the first view dataset comprises obtaining the first view dataset as a first view dataset of a first plurality of view datasets sequentially obtained from x-rays generated via the first voltage potential; and
obtaining the second view dataset comprises obtaining the second view dataset as a first view dataset of a second plurality of view datasets sequentially obtained from x-rays generated via the first voltage potential.
17. The method of claim 16 wherein obtaining the first and second pluralities of view datasets includes obtaining an equal number of views in each of the first and second pluralities of view datasets, and wherein the first view dataset of the first plurality of view datasets is combined with the first view dataset of the second plurality of view datasets to form a first sinogram.
18. The method of claim 16 wherein deriving the reference sonogram comprises deriving the reference sinogram via one of a back-projectionprojection method, a combination of linearly interpolated sinograms, a local window filtering method, and a linear interpolation with Wiener filtering.
19. A computer readable storage medium having stored thereon a computer program comprising instructions, which, when executed by a computer, cause the computer to:
apply a first kVp potential between a cathode and a target;
apply a second kVp potential, different from the first kVp potential, between the cathode and the target;
acquire a first view dataset at a first circumferential location on a CT gantry and at the first kVp potential;
acquire a second view dataset at a second circumferential location on the CT gantry and at the first kVp potential;
acquire a third view dataset at the second kVp potential and at a third circumferential and location on the CT gantry, wherein the third circumferential location is circumferentially located between the first circumferential location and the second circumferential location;
interpolate a fourth view dataset at the third circumferential location and at the first kVp potential, wherein the interpolation includes pixels that are each interpolated with at least two pixels of data from each of the first view dataset and the second view dataset; and
reconstruct an image using at least the third view dataset.
20. The computer readable storage medium of claim 19 wherein the instructions further cause the computer to acquire the first view dataset, the third view dataset, and the second view dataset in sequential respective circumferential locations about the CT gantry.
21. The computer readable storage medium of claim 19 wherein the instructions further cause the computer to obtain a reference sinogram from at least the first and second acquired view datasets.
22. The computer readable storage medium of claim 21 wherein the instructions cause the computer to obtain the reference sinogram via one of a back-projectionprojection method, a combination of linearly interpolated sinograms, a local window filtering method, and a linear interpolation with Wiener filtering.
23. The computer readable storage medium of claim 21 wherein the computer is further programmed to calculate weighting factors for interpolating the third view dataset from the reference sinogram.
The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.
1. A compound according to formula (I):
wherein:
R1 is H or C1-4alkyl;
R2 is H, or C1-4alkyl;
R3 is
R4 is H or C1-4alkyl;
indicates that one of the two designated bonds is a double bond and the other is a single bond;
R5 is CH2 when the bond to which it is attached is a double bond; or R5 is H or C1-4alkyl when the bond to which it is attached is a single bond;
R6 is H or C1-4alkyl;
R7 is H, or C1-6alkyl;
each X independently is H, C1-4alkyl, CH2OH, OR\u2032, SR\u2032, CN, N(R\u2032)2, CH2N(R\u2032)2, NO2, CF3, CO2R\u2032, CON(R\u2032)2, COR\u2032, NRC(O)R\u2032, F, Cl, Br, I or \u2014S(O)rCF3;
W is S or O;
M is CH2 or O;
L is CH2 or C(O);
E is O or NR\u2032;
each R\u2032 independently is H, or C1-6alkyl; and
r is 0, 1 or 2;
or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.
2. A compound according to claim 1 of formula (Ia):
3. A compound according to claim 1 in which R3 is:
4. The compound of claim 3, wherein L is C(O).
5. The compound of claim 1, wherein R2 is C1-4alkyl.
6. The compound of claim 3, wherein R2 is C1-4alkyl.
7. The compound of claim 1, wherein
is selected from the group consisting of:
8. The compound of claim 7 wherein X is H.
9. The compound of claim 7, wherein R6 is C1-4alkyl.
10. A compound according to formula (I):
wherein:
R1 is H or C1-4alkyl;
R2 is H, or C1-4alkyl;
R3 is:
R4 is H or C1-4alkyl;
indicates that one of the two designated bonds is a double bond and the other is a single bond;
R5 is CH2 when the bond to which it is attached is a double bond; or R5 is H or C1-4alkyl when the bond to which it is attached is a single bond;
R6 is H or C1-4alkyl;
R7 is H or C1-6alkyl;
X is, independently for each occurrence, selected from the group consisting of: H, C1-4alkyl, CH2OH, OR\u2032, SR\u2032, CN, N(R\u2032)2, CH2N(R\u2032)2, NO2, CF3, CO2R\u2032, CON(R\u2032)2, COR\u2032, NR\u2032C(O)R\u2032, F, Cl, Br, I or \u2014S(O)rCF3;
W is S or O;
M is CH2 or O;
L is CH2 or C(O);
E is O or NR\u2032;
each R\u2032 independently is H or C1-6alkyl; and
r is 0, 1 or 2;
or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.
11. The compound according to claim 10, wherein X is H.
12. A composition comprising the compound of claim 1 and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier.
13. A composition comprising the compound of claim 10 and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier.
14. A tablet for oral administration comprising a compound represented by formula (I):
wherein:
R1 is H or C1-4alkyl;
R2 is H, C1-4alkyl or C3-6cycloalkyl;
R3 is
R4 is H or C1-4alkyl;
indicates that one of the two designated bonds is a double bond and the other is a single bond;
R5 is CH2 when the bond to which it is attached is a double bond; or R5 is H or C1-4alkyl when the bond to which it is attached is a single bond;
R6 is H or C1-4alkyl;
R7 is H, C1-6alkyl or \u2014C0-6alkyl-Ar;
Y is H, C1-4alkyl, N(R\u2032)2, NHC(O)R\u2032, NHCH2C(O)R\u2032 or NHC(O)CH\u2550CHR\u2032;
each X independently is H, C1-4alkyl, CH2OH, OR\u2032, SR\u2032, CN, N(R\u2032)2, CH2N(R\u2032)2, NO2, CF3, CO2R\u2032, CON(R\u2032)2, COR\u2032, NRC(O)R\u2032, F, Cl, Br, I or \u2014S(O)rCF3;
W is S or O;
Q is H or C1-4alkyl;
M is CH2 or O;
L is CH2 or C(O);
E is O or NR\u2032;
each R\u2032 independently is H, or C1-6alkyl or \u2014C0-6alkyl-Ar, and
r is 0, 1 or 2;
or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof; and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier.