Author: claimsbot

1. A method for authenticating products comprising:
a. sampling a representative series of randomly selected units of known products from a homonymous lot of known products manufactured in a single production cycle from identical raw materials and optional intermediates;
b. obtaining light transmitted, luminescent and Raman scattering values for the series of known products to produce a signature for the known product;
c. sampling an unknown product to obtain light transmitted, luminescent and Raman scattering values for the unknown product to produce a signature for the unknown product; and
d. comparing the signature of the known product and the unknown product to determine if the signature of the unknown product is the same as the known product.
2. The method according to claim 1 wherein the unknown product is packaged in a container at least partially constructed of a material which is transparent to a spectral band selected from the group consisting of light transmission, luminescence and Raman scattering.
3. The method according to claim 2 wherein the container includes a window made of material transparent to the spectral band of probing reaction and the spectral band of analyzed radiation.
4. The method according to claim 2 wherein the container includes a prism made of a material transparent to the spectral band of probing reaction and the spectral band of analyzed radiation.
5. The method according to claim 2 wherein the container includes a wave guide transparent to the spectral band of probing reaction and the spectral band of analyzed radiation.
6. The method according to claim 2 wherein the container includes a cell transparent to the spectral band of probing reaction and the spectral band of analyzed radiation.
7. The method according to claim 1 wherein the signature of the known product is presented as a code that can be read.
8. The method according to claim 7 wherein the code is selected from the group consisting of digital codes, magnetic codes, holographic codes, and graphic codes.
9. The method according to claim 7 wherein the product is packaged in a container equipped with a card bearing the signature of the known product.
10. The method according to claim 1 wherein the known product is selected from the group consisting of products andor materials that contain components absorbing andor emitting light radiation.

The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.

1. A device for communicating data over a power line, the device comprising:
a first modem communicatively coupled to the power line; and
a second modem communicatively coupled to the power line and said first modem, wherein said first modem is configured to decrypt data received from the power line using a first encryption key and to communicate the data decrypted with the first encryption key to said second modem, and wherein said second modem is configured to decrypt data received from the power line using a second encryption key and to communicate the data decrypted with the second encryption key to said first modem.
2. The device of claim 1, wherein said first modem is configured to encrypt data received from said second modem using said first encryption key and to transmit said encrypted data over the power line.
3. The device of claim 2, wherein said second modem is configured to encrypt data received from said first modem using said second encryption key and to transmit said encrypted data over the power line.
4. The device of claim 3, wherein the data transmitted over the power line by said first modem is transmitted to a transformer bypass device.
5. The device of claim 4, wherein the data received from the power line by said first modem is received from a transformer bypass device.
6. The device of claim 1, wherein the data received from the power line by said first modem is received from a transformer bypass device.
7. The device of claim 1, wherein the power line carries a voltage less than one thousand volts.
8. The device of claim 1, wherein the power line carries a voltage greater than one thousand volts.
9. The device of claim 1, further comprising a router in communication with said first modem and said second modem.
10. The device of claim 9, wherein said communication from said first modem to said second modem and from said second modem to said first modem is controlled, at least in part, by said router.
11. The device of claim 9, wherein said router is configured to perform network address translation of said decrypted data.
12. The device of claim 11, wherein said decrypted data includes information of a port.
13. The device of claim 1, wherein said first modem is communicatively coupled to the power line to communicate data signals over the power line by differentially transmitting said data signals on a first power line conductor and a second power line conductor.
14. The device of claim 13, wherein the first power line conductor is an energized conductor and the second power line conductor is an energized conductor.
15. The device of claim 3, further comprising a router in communication with said first modem and said second modem.
16. The device of claim 1, wherein said communication from said first modem to said second modem and from said second modem to said first modem is via an Ethernet data path.
17. A method of communicating data over a power line, the method comprising:
receiving data from the power line;
decrypting the data using a first encryption key;
encrypting the data using a second encryption key; and
transmitting the encrypted data over the power line.
18. The method of claim 17, further comprising translating a network address of said decrypted data.
19. The method of claim 18, wherein said data includes information of a port.
20. The method of claim 17, wherein said transmitting comprises differentially transmitting a data signal representing said encrypted data on a first power line conductor and a second power line conductor.
21. The method of claim 20, wherein the first power line conductor is an energized conductor and the second power line conductor is an energized conductor.
22. A method of communicating data over a power line, the method comprising:
receiving data from the power line;
attempting to decrypt the received data using a first encryption key;
determining whether the data has been decrypted by the first encryption key;
if decryption of the data using the first encryption key is successful, encrypting the decrypted data using a second encryption key;
attempting to decrypt the received data using a second encryption key;
determining whether decryption of the received data using the second encryption key is successful;
if decryption of the data using the second encryption key is successful, encrypting the decrypted data using the first encryption key; and
transmitting the encrypted data over the power line.
23. The method of claim 22, further comprising translating a network address of said decrypted data.
24. The method of claim 23, wherein said data includes information of a port.
25. The method of claim 22, wherein said transmitting comprises differentially transmitting a data signal representing said encrypted data on a first power line conductor and a second power line conductor.
26. The method of claim 25, wherein the first power line conductor is an energized conductor and the second power line conductor is an energized conductor.
27. A method of communicating data over a power line, the method comprising:
receiving data from the power line;
attempting to decrypt the received data using a first encryption key;
determining whether decryption of the received data using the first encryption key is successful;
if decryption of the data using the first encryption key is successful, encrypting the decrypted data using a second encryption key;
if decryption of the data using the first encryption key is not successful performing steps a through c:
(a) attempting to decrypt the received data using a second encryption key,
(b) determining whether decryption of the received data using the second encryption key is successful,
(c) if decryption of the data using the second encryption key is successful, encrypting the decrypted data using the first encryption key, and

transmitting the encrypted data over the power line.
28. A method of communicating data over a power line, the method comprising:
receiving data from the power line;
selecting one of a plurality of encryption keys to decrypt the received data;
decrypting said received data with said selected encryption key;
encrypting said data with a second encryption key; and
transmitting the encrypted data over the power line.
29. The method of claim 28, wherein said selecting comprises attempting to decrypt said data with said one of said plurality of encryption keys.
30. The method of claim 28, wherein said selecting comprises attempting to decrypt said data with said plurality of encryption keys.
31. The method of claim 29, wherein said selecting further comprises determining whether said attempting to decrypt said data with said one of said plurality of encryption keys is successful.
32. The method of claim 31, wherein said selecting further comprises:
if said attempting to decrypt said data with said one of said plurality of encryption keys is not successful, attempting to decrypt said data with another of said plurality of encryption keys.
33. The method of claim 28, wherein at least some of said plurality of encryption keys are associated with different communication devices in different subscriber premises.
34. The method of claim 28, further comprising translating a network address of said received data.
35. The method of claim 34, wherein said received data includes information of a port.
36. The method of claim 28, wherein said step of transmitting comprises differentially transmitting a data signal representing the encrypted data on a first power line conductor and a second power line conductor.
37. The method of claim 36, wherein the first power line conductor is an energized conductor and the second power line conductor is an energized conductor.
38. A device for communicating data over a power line, the device comprising:
a first modem communicatively coupled to the power line, wherein said first modem is configured to decrypt first data received from the power line using a first one of a plurality of encryption keys, to encrypt the first data using a second one of said plurality of encryption keys, and to communicate the encrypted first data to the power line; and
said encryption key used to encrypt said first data is determined based on a destination address associated with the data.
39. The device of claim 38, wherein said first modem is configured to decrypt second data received from the power line using the second one of said plurality of encryption keys, to encrypt the second data using the first one of said plurality of encryption keys, and to communicate the encrypted second data to the power line.
40. The device of claim 39,
wherein the destination address corresponds to one of a plurality of different communication devices in different subscriber premises.
41. The device of claim 38, wherein the destination address corresponds to one of a plurality of different communication devices in different subscriber premises.
42. A method of communicating data over a power line, the method comprising:
receiving data from the power line;
attempting to decrypt the received data using a first encryption key;
determining whether decryption of the received data using the first encryption key is successful;
if decryption of the data using the first encryption key is successful, encrypting the decrypted data using a second encryption key;
if decryption of the data using the first encryption key is not successful performing steps a and b:
(a) decrypting the received data using a second encryption key,
(b) encrypting the decrypted data using the first encryption key; and

transmitting the encrypted data over the power line.
43. The method of claim 42, further comprising translating a network address of said decrypted data.
44. The method of claim 43, wherein said data includes information of a port.
45. The method of claim 42, wherein said transmitting comprises differentially transmitting a data signal representing said encrypted data on a first power line conductor and a second power line conductor.
46. The method of claim 45, wherein the first power line conductor is an energized conductor and the second power line conductor is an energized conductor.
47. A method of providing communications to a first and second device in a power line communications system having a power line, comprising:
receiving first data from the power line;
encrypting first data using a first encryption key;
transmitting said encrypted first data over the power line for reception by the first device;
receiving second data from the power line;
encrypting second data using a second encryption key; and
transmitting said encrypted second data over the power line for reception by the second device.
48. The method of claim 47, further comprising at the first device:
receiving said encrypted second data;
attempting to decrypt said encrypted second data with the first encryption key; and
determining that said attempt to decrypt said encrypted second data was unsuccessful.
49. The method of claim 48, further comprising at the first device:
receiving said encrypted first data;
attempting to decrypt said encrypted first data with the first encryption key; and
determining that said attempt to decrypt said encrypted first data was successful.
50. The method of claim 47, further comprising at the first device:
receiving said encrypted first data;
attempting to decrypt said encrypted first data with the first encryption key; and
determining that said attempt to decrypt said encrypted first data was successful.

1. A circuit board having an embedded inductor comprising:
a core structure comprising a dielectric core layer and a first metal layer on a top surface of the dielectric core layer, the first metal layer etched to form first inductor windings;
a material including a magnetic filler material deposited over the first inductor windings;
a first prepreg layer attached to a top surface of the material,
wherein the core structure further comprises a second metal layer on a bottom surface of the dielectric core layer, the second metal layer etched to form second inductor windings, the circuit board further comprising:
a material including magnetic filler material deposited over the second inductor windings; and
a second prepreg layer attached to a top surface of the material including the magnetic filler material deposited over the second inductor windings.
2. The circuit board of claim 1 further comprising a material including a magnetic filler material deposited over a bottom surface of the dielectric core layer to provide a magnetic path surrounding the first inductor windings.
3. The circuit board of claim 1 wherein the first inductor windings are electrically coupled to the second inductor windings such that the first and second inductor windings form an inductor.
4. The circuit board of claim 3 further comprising a via filled with electrically conductive material coupling an output of the first inductor windings to an input of the second inductor windings.
5. The circuit board of claim 3 wherein a spiral pattern of the second inductor windings is a continuation of a spiral pattern of the first inductor windings.
6. The circuit board of claim 1, wherein the magnetic filler material encapsulates the first inductor windings.

The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.

What is claimed is:

1. A method of seamless processing for merging three-dimensional (3D) color images to process discontinuities of brightness and colors at seaming boundaries when merging a plurality of 3D images, the method comprising the steps of:
(a) providing a plurality of images;
(b) computing a brightness difference of the plurality of images and using the brightness difference to calibrate the images;
(c) getting overlapped regions of the plurality of images at the seaming boundary;
(d) calibrating the brightness of an overlapped region and matching the brightness of the seaming boundary and the seam with that of the adjacent image; and
(e) remerging the plurality of images.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein step (b) uses a color space coordinate transformation to single out the brightness information of the image.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein the color space coordinate is selected from the group consisting of the CIELAB, CIELUV, and YCrCb color space coordinates.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein step (b) further comprises the step of:
(i) extracting the brightness of an image in the plurality of images at the overlapped region;
(ii) computing an average brightness in the overlapped region;
(iii) computing a brightness difference from the average brightness; and
(iv) using the brightness difference to calibrate the image.
5. The method of claim 4, wherein step (i) comprises the steps of:
obtaining an image grid in the overlapped region;
computing the corresponding position and color data;
transforming the color data to a color space that allows the extraction of the bright information from the color information; and
obtaining the brightness of the overlapped region.
6. The method of claim 5, wherein the step of computing the corresponding position and color data is achieved by: using vertex coordinates of the mesh to compute the corresponding position coordinates in the plurality of images, using the vertex coordinates to draw a polygon region in the image, computing the positions of all points in the polygon region, and obtaining the color data.
7. The method of claim 1, wherein step (d) comprises the steps of:
I. dividing the overlapped region into a plurality of smaller processing areas;
II. extracting the brightness of all points in a processing area and computing its average brightness;
III. computing a calibrating parameter of each point in the processing area; and
IV. using the calibration parameter and the average brightness to calibrate the brightness of the image, so that the brightness of the seaming boundary and the seam matches with that of the adjacent images.
8. The method of claim 7, wherein the step of extracting the brightness of all points in a processing area in step II comprises the steps of:
obtaining the 3D vertex coordinates of the polygon meshes in the processing area;
obtaining the corresponding 2D position coordinates in the processing area;
using the vertex coordinates to draw the corresponding polygon regions in the processing area of 2D image;
computing the positions of all points in the polygon regions;
extracting the color data in the processing area;
transforming the color data to a color space that allows the extraction of the brightness information; and
obtaining the brightness of the image in the processing area.
9. The method of claim 7, wherein the calibration parameter is obtained using the distance between the processing area and its adjacent area and the brightness thereof.
10. The method of claim 9, wherein the calibration parameter is determined using the following function: (1(d(x,y)D))W, where D is the processing range, d(x,y) is the distance from the processing pixel to the seaming boundary, and Wc1m1c2mc3m1, the parameters m1, m, m1 being the average brightness of the processing area and its adjacent processing areas and c1,c2,c3 the corresponding position parameters.