1. A method of making an OLED device comprising the steps of:
a) providing a substrate;
b) forming one or more first electrodes and electrode busses on the substrate;
c) forming one or more organic layers over the first electrodes and electrode busses;
d) ablating a plurality of areas of the material layer for forming vias using at least one beam in a chamber; and
e) collecting the ablated material with a vacuum mechanism having a trap having one or more orifices, wherein said one or more orifices are located in close proximity to said plurality of areas at the time of ablation so that a collection force is applied to the debris formed during ablation of said material.
2. The method of claim 1 wherein said at least one beam and said vacuum mechanism are provided in a chamber.
3. The method of claim 2 wherein said chamber includes an inert atmosphere.
4. The method of claim 3 wherein said atmosphere is nitrogen, argon, helium or carbon dioxide.
5. The method of claim 2 wherein said atmosphere flows across the surface of the material layers.
6. The method of claim 1 wherein said vacuum mechanism comprises at least one orifice(s).
7. The method of claim 6 wherein the at least one orifice comprises an array of orifices and each orifice is located adjacent each beam.
8. The method of claim 6 wherein said orifice is a single orifice.
9. The method of claim 1 wherein at least one or more beams and said vacuum mechanism are formed in an integral head.
10. The method of claim 9 wherein a portion of said head is heated and includes said one or more beams.
11. The method of claim 9 wherein a portion of said head that comprises said vacuum mechanism is cooled.
12. The method of claim 9 wherein said vacuum mechanism includes a trap that moves with respect to the substrate and material layer and in alignment with the beams.
13. The method of claim 12 wherein said substrate is oriented vertically and the direction of motion of the vacuum mechanism is substantially vertical.
14. The method of claim 9 wherein said vacuum mechanism includes at least one orifice on either side of the array of directed beams.
15. The method of claim 9 wherein said integral can move bi-directional.
16. The method of claim 1 wherein the at least one beam comprises at least one optical beam.
17. The method of claim 16 wherein the at least one optical beam is a laser beam.
18. The method of claim 16 wherein the at least one beam each include an optical element for focusing light on the layer.
19. The method of claim 16 wherein said optical beams comprise one of the following: ultraviolet, infrared, or visible light.
20. The method of claim 16 further comprising a substrate on which said one or more layers are provided, wherein the substrate is transparent so as to permit the frequency of optical beam radiation and the optical beam radiation to travel through the substrate and the vacuum mechanism is located on the opposite side of said substrate from the at least one optical beam.
21. The method of claim 1 wherein the at least one beam moves with respect to the one or more layers.
22. The method of claim 1 wherein the at least one beam comprises a beam of particles.
23. The method of claim 22 wherein said particles are suspended in a compressed fluid wherein the particles become free of the compressed fluid prior to contact with the material layer.
24. The method of claim 1 wherein said substrate and vacuum mechanism are oriented vertically.
25. The method of claim 1 wherein said substrate is oriented horizontally with the substrate above the material layer.
26. The method of claim 1 wherein said material is organic material.
27. The method of claim 26 wherein said layers form an organic light emitting diode.
28. The method of claim 1 wherein the at least one beam is independently controlled.
29. The method of claim 1 wherein said apparatus is provided in a cluster manufacturing tool configuration.
30. The method of claim 1 wherein said apparatus is provided in an in-line manufacturing tool configuration.
31. The method of claim 1 further comprising a chamber containing the substrate and wherein the beams pass through a window in the chamber.
The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.
1. A method for noiselessly switching audio provided on an egress audio channel over a network, comprising:
(a) generating a first audio stream of egress packets for the egress audio channel, wherein each egress packet includes a payload carrying audio and control header information;
(b) switching in a packet switch said first audio stream of egress packets for delivery to a first network interface controller associated with the egress audio channel;
(c) generating a second audio stream of egress packets, wherein each egress packet includes a payload carrying audio and control header information;
(d) switching in said packet switch said second audio stream of egress packets for delivery to the first network interface controller associated with the egress audio channel; and
(e) evaluating the relative priority of the first and second audio streams based on priority information in the control header information of the egress packets to determine which of the first and second audio streams is a higher priority audio stream to transmit on the egress audio channel over the network.
2. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
packetizing the higher priority audio stream to create an output egress audio stream of packets with synchronized header information; and
transmitting the output egress audio stream of packets on the egress audio channel over the network.
3. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
packetizing the lower priority audio stream to create an output egress audio stream of packets with synchronized header information, whereby, synchronized header information is noiselessly preserved in IP packets transmitted on the egress audio channel over the network for audio from both of the first and second audio streams.
4. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
converting the first audio stream of egress packets into first cells; and
converting the second audio stream of egress packets into second cells; wherein said switching step (b) comprises switching the converted first cells to a SVC associated with the egress audio channel, and said switching step (d) comprises switching the converted second cells to the SVC associated with the egress audio channel.
5. The method of claim 2, wherein said synchronized header information comprises valid RTP information.
6. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
(f) determining synchronized RTP header information for each of the first and second audio streams prior to transmitting IP packets containing audio payloads of the respective first and second audio streams on the egress audio channel over the network.
7. A method for noiselessly switching audio from a second audio source to an egress audio channel already carrying audio from a first audio source, comprising:
generating an audio stream of egress packets at the second audio source;
converting the audio stream of egress packets into cells;
switching the converted cells to a switched virtual circuit (SVC) associated with the egress audio channel;
converting the switched cells back to the audio stream of egress packets;
packetizing the audio stream to create an output egress audio stream of packets with synchronized header information; and
transmitting the output egress audio stream of packets on the egress audio channel over a network in place of the audio from the first audio source.
8. The method of claim 7, wherein said generating step generates an audio stream of egress packets at the second audio source in response to a call event.
9. The method of claim 7, wherein said generating step generates an audio stream of egress packets at the second audio source in response to a call event, the audio stream of egress packets including a type of audio selected from at least one of voice, music, tones, or sound.
10. The method of claim 9, further comprising generating the call event based on at least one of the following conditions: an emergency condition, a call signaling condition, a call event based on callee or caller information, or a request for audio information.
11. The method of claim 9, further comprising generating the call event based on a request for audio information, wherein the request for audio information includes at least one of a request for advertisements, news, sports, financial, music or other audio content.
12. A method for introducing noiseless switch over audio for voice over the Internet (VOIP) telephone calls, comprising:
establishing a VOIP telephone call between a destination device and a media server;
setting priority information for a first audio source;
delivering a first audio stream of egress packets that includes the set priority information;
determining a call status with respect to availability of receiving noiseless switch over audio; and
processing a call event that includes noiseless switch over audio when the call status determining step indicates the established VOIP telephone call is a candidate for receiving noiseless switch over audio.
13. The method of claim 12, wherein said processing step includes:
determining priority information for the noiseless switch over audio; and
transmitting the noiseless switch over audio in an output audio stream of packets in the established VOIP telephone call when the determined priority information for the noiseless switch over audio is greater than the set priority information of the first audio stream.
14. The method of claim 13, further comprising:
generating a second audio stream of egress packets at a second audio source, the audio stream having the noiseless switch over audio in payloads;
converting the second audio stream of egress packets into cells;
switching the converted cells to a SVC associated with an egress audio channel of the established VOIP telephone call;
converting the switched cells back to the second audio stream of egress packets;
packetizing the second audio stream with synchronized header information to create the output audio stream of packets in the established VOIP telephone call; and
transmitting the output audio stream of packets on the egress audio channel in the established VOIP telephone call over a network in place of the audio from the first audio source.
15. A system for noiselessly switching audio provided in a session on an egress audio channel over a network, comprising:
first and second internal audio sources;
a packet switch coupled to said first and second internal audio sources; and
a network interface controller coupled to said packet switch, wherein
said first internal audio source generates a first internal audio stream of egress packets for the egress audio channel, wherein each egress packet includes a payload carrying audio and control header information,
said second internal audio source generates a second internal audio stream of egress packets, wherein each egress packet includes a payload carrying audio and control header information, said packet switch switches said first internal audio stream of egress packets and said second internal audio stream of egress packets for delivery to said network interface controller which controls the transmission of synchronous packets carrying audio from the first and second internal audio streams on the egress audio channel for the session over the network, and said network interface controller keeps header information of IPRTP packets associated with said egress packets for the session in sequence.
16. The system of claim 15, further comprising:
an egress audio controller coupled to said second internal audio source, wherein said egress audio controller sends a control signal to said second internal audio source to initiate the generation of said second audio stream.
17. A system for noiselessly switching audio provided on an egress audio channel over a network, comprising:
first and second internal audio sources;
a switch coupled to said first and second internal audio sources; and
a network interface controller coupled to said switch, wherein
said first internal audio source generates a first internal audio stream of egress packets for the egress audio channel, wherein each egress packet includes a payload carrying audio, and control header information,
said second internal audio source generates a second internal audio stream of egress packets, wherein each egress packet includes a payload carrying audio and control header information, and said switch switches and delivers said first and second internal audio streams to said network interface controller; and
an egress audio controller coupled to said second internal audio source, wherein said egress audio controller sends a control signal to said second internal audio source to initiate the generation of said second audio stream,
wherein said egress audio controller is further coupled to said first internal audio source, said switch, and said network interface controller, and wherein said egress audio controller sends a control signal to said first internal audio source to initiate the generation of said first internal audio stream when a VOIP telephone call is established, sends a control signal to said switch identifying said network interface controller as being associated with an egress audio output channel associated with the established VOIP telephone call, and sends a control signal to said network interface controller as being associated with an egress audio output channel associated with the established VOIP telephone call.
18. A system for noiselessly switching audio provided on an egress audio channel over a network, comprising:
first and second internal audio sources;
a packet switch coupled to said first and second internal audio sources; and
a network interface controller coupled to said packet switch, wherein
said first internal audio source generates a first internal audio stream of egress packets for the egress audio channel, wherein each egress packet includes a payload carrying audio and control header information,
said second internal audio source generates a second internal audio stream of egress packets, wherein each egress packet includes a payload carrying audio and control header information, and said packet switch switches said first internal audio stream of egress packets and said second internal audio stream of egress packets for delivery to said network interface controller; and
an egress audio controller coupled to said second internal audio source, wherein said egress audio controller sends a control signal to said second internal audio source to initiate the generation of said second audio stream,
wherein said egress audio controller is further coupled to said first audio source, and wherein said egress audio controller sends control signals to said first and second internal audio sources to set priority information in said first and second audio streams.
19. A system for noiselessly switching audio provided in a session on an egress audio channel over a network, comprising:
first and second internal audio sources;
a packet switch coupled to said first and second internal audio sources; and
a network interface controller coupled to said packet switch, wherein
said first internal audio source generates a first internal audio stream of egress packets for the egress audio channel, wherein each egress packet includes a payload carrying audio and control header information,
said second internal audio source generates a second internal audio stream of egress packets, wherein each egress packet includes a payload carrying audio and control header information, said packet switch switches said first audio stream of egress packets and said second audio stream of egress packets for delivery to said network interface controller, and said network interface controller keeps header information of IPRTP packets associated with said egress packets for the session in sequence; and
at least one packet processor that generates IP packets having synchronized header information and audio payloads, the audio payloads including audio payloads carried in said first and second audio streams.
20. A system for noiselessly switching audio provided on an egress audio channel over a network, comprising:
first and second internal audio sources;
a packet switch coupled to said first and second internal audio sources; and
a network interface controller coupled to said packet switch, wherein
said first internal audio source generates a first internal audio stream of egress packets for the egress audio channel, wherein each egress packet includes a payload carrying audio, and control header information,
said second internal audio source generates a second internal audio stream of egress packets, wherein each egress packet includes a payload carrying audio and control header information, and said packet switch switches said first internal audio stream of egress packets and said second internal audio stream of egress packets for delivery to said network interface controller; and
at least one packet processor that generates IP packets having synchronized header information and audio payloads, the audio payloads including audio payloads carried in said first and second audio streams,
wherein said network interface controller dynamically selects which of the IP packets to transmit based on the relative priority of the first and second internal audio streams.
21. The system of claim 15, wherein at least one of said first internal audio source and said second internal audio source internally generates the audio for said respective first and second audio streams.
22. The system of claim 15, wherein at least one of said first internal audio source and said second internal audio source converts audio from an external source to generate the audio for said respective first and second audio streams.
23. A system for noiselessly switching audio from a first audio source to a second audio source on an egress audio channel already carrying audio from the first audio source, comprising:
means for generating an audio stream of egress packets at the second audio source;
means for converting the audio stream of egress packets into cells;
means for switching the converted cells to a SVC associated with the egress audio channel;
means for converting the switched cells back to the audio stream of egress packets;
means for packetizing the audio stream to create an output egress audio stream of packets; and
means for transmitting the output egress audio stream of packets on the egress audio channel over a network in place of the audio from the first audio source.
24. A system for introducing noiseless switch over audio for voice over the Internet (VOIP) telephone calls, comprising:
means for establishing a VOIP telephone call between a destination device and a media server;
means for setting priority information for a first internal audio source and a second internal audio source;
means for delivering a first and second internal audio streams stream of egress packets that include the respective set priority information;
means for determining a call status with respect to availability of receiving noiseless switch over audio; and
means for processing a call event that includes an audio stream noiselessly switched between the first and second internal audio streams based on the set priority information when the call status determining step indicates the established VOIP telephone call is a candidate for receiving noiseless switch over audio.
25. A system for introducing noiseless switch over audio for voice over the Internet (VOIP) telephone calls, comprising:
means for establishing a VOIP telephone call between a destination device and a media server;
means for setting priority information for a first audio source;
means for delivering a first audio stream of egress packets that includes the set priority information;
means for determining a call status with respect to availability of receiving noiseless switch over audio; and
means for processing a call event that includes noiseless switch over audio when the call status determining step indicates the established VOIP telephone call is a candidate for receiving noiseless switch over audio,
wherein said processing means includes:
means for determining priority information for the noiseless switch over audio; and means for transmitting the noiseless switch over audio in an output audio stream of packets having synchronized header information in the established VOIP telephone call when the determined priority information for the switch over audio is greater than the set priority information of the first audio stream.
26. The system of claim 25, further comprising:
means for generating a second audio stream of egress packets at a second audio source, the audio stream having the noiseless switch over audio;
means for converting the second audio stream of egress packets into cells;
means for switching the converted cells to a SVC associated with an egress audio channel of the established VOIP telephone call;
means for converting the switched cells back to the second audio stream of egress packets;
means for packetizing the second audio stream to create the output audio stream of packets in the established VOIP telephone call; and
means for transmitting the output audio stream of packets on the egress audio channel in the established VOIP telephone call over a network in place of the audio from the first audio source.
27. A method for noiseless switching between internal audio sources in a VOIP network, comprising:
(A) establishing a VOIP call between an origination device and a destination device;
(B) selecting one audio source internal to the origination device;
(C) transmitting audio from the selected one audio source in an output audio stream of packets with synchronized header information to the destination device during the VOIP call;
(D) selecting another audio source internal to the origination device;
(E) noiselessly switching from the one audio source to the another audio source; and
(F) transmitting audio from the selected another audio source in the output audio stream of packets with synchronized header information to the destination device during the VOIP call.
28. The method of claim 27, further comprising generating audio payloads for the output audio stream of packets prior to said transmitting step (C).
29. The method of claim 27, wherein the another audio source receives an audio stream from an external audio source, and further comprising extracting audio payloads for the output audio stream of packets from IP packets generated at the external audio source prior to said transmitting step (C).
30. A method, comprising:
(A) transmitting audio from a first internal independent audio source in an output audio stream of packets with synchronized header information during a VOIP call to a destination device; and
(B) transmitting audio from a second internal independent audio source in an the output audio stream of packets with synchronized header information during the VOIP call to the destination device, whereby a user at the destination device perceives a noiseless switch over between transmitted audio from the first and second internal independent audio sources.
31. A system, comprising:
(A) means for transmitting audio from a first internal independent audio source in an output audio stream of packets with synchronized header information during a VOIP call to a destination device; and
(B) means for transmitting audio from a second internal independent audio source in the output audio stream of packets with synchronized header information during the VOIP call to the destination device, whereby a user at the destination device perceives a noiseless switch over between transmitted audio from first and second internal independent audio sources.