All The Claims

1. A method for processing of coded video using adaptive loop filter (ALF), the method comprising:
receiving reconstructed video data corresponding to coded video data from a processing unit;
applying adaptive loop filtering using a candidate filter set to the reconstructed video data to generate filtered video data, wherein the candidate filter set is selected from at least two filters according to ALF set selection; and
providing the filtered video data.
2. The method of claim 1 further comprising dividing the reconstructed video data into multiple filter units, wherein at least one filter in the candidate filter set is selected for each of the multiple filter units.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein boundaries of said filter units are boundaries of coding units and each of said filter units contains at least one coding unit.
4. The method of claim 2, wherein two or more of the multiple filter units are merged as indicated by a merge index to share the at least one filter.
5. The method of claim 4, wherein said two or more of the multiple filter units are spatially neighboring filter units, wherein said spatially neighboring filter units are formed by path scanning through the multiple filter units using a scan pattern selected from a group consisting of horizontal scan, vertical scan, z-scan, snake scan, Hilbert scan, a pre-defined scan pattern, and a user-defined scan pattern.
6. The method of claim 5, wherein information associated with the scan pattern andor a choice of whether to allow use of the merge index is incorporated in a sequence level, a picture level, a slice level, a coding unit level, a filter unit level or a filter control unit level.
7. The method of claim 2, wherein each of the filter units is further partitioned into filter control units, a filter control flag is associated with each of the filter control units to select a filter from said at least one filter of the filter unit selected for applying adaptive loop filtering.
8. The method of claim 7, wherein each of filter units is partitioned into filter control units using quadtree partitioning, bock partitioning, prediction unit synchronized partitioning, or transform unit synchronized partitioning.
9. The method of claim 7, wherein the filter control flag is used to indicate filter ONOFF control when one filter is selected for the filter unit or the filter control flag is used to indicate one of multiple filters when more than one filter are selected for the filter unit.
10. The method of claim 1, wherein the coded video data corresponds to coded data for luma component and chroma component, and the luma component and the chroma component may share information associated with adaptive loop filtering, and the information associated with adaptive loop filtering is selected from a group consists of filter control unit partitioning, filter selection, filter control flag, filter shape, filter coefficients, and a combination of the above.
11. The method of claim 10, wherein sharing information associated with adaptive loop filtering by the luma component and the chroma component is enabled or disable according to a sharing switch.
12. The method of claim 11, wherein information associated with the sharing switch is incorporated in a sequence level, a picture level, a slice level, a coding unit level, a filter unit level or a filter control unit level.
13. The method of claim 11, wherein the information associated with adaptive loop filtering for the chroma component is derived from the information associated with adaptive loop filtering for the luma component.
14. The method of claim 1, wherein information associated with the ALF set selection is explicitly incorporated in the coded video data or is derived implicitly based on the reconstructed video data according to ALF method selection.
15. The method of claim 14, wherein information associated with the ALF method selection is incorporated in a sequence level, a picture level, a slice level, a coding unit level, a filter unit level or a filter control unit level.
16. The method of claim 14, wherein the reconstructed video data is classified into multiple categories using classification, and an adaptive loop filter is selected from the candidate filter set for each of the categories.
17. The method of claim 16, wherein the classification is based on a first characteristic derived from the reconstructed video data, wherein the first characteristic is selected from a first group consisting of pixel intensity, edge activity, edge orientation, edge intensity, mode information, quantization parameter, residual energy, regional feature, motion information, and a combination of the above.
18. The method of claim 17, wherein more than one first characteristics are adaptively selected for the classification according to a classifier indicator, wherein the classifier indicator is incorporated in a sequence level, a picture level, a slice level, a coding unit level, a filter unit level or a filter control unit level.
19. The method of claim 17, wherein the multiple categories are further classified using a second characteristic derived from the reconstructed video data, wherein the second characteristic is selected from a second group consisting of pixel intensity, edge activity, edge orientation, edge intensity, mode information, quantization parameter, residual energy, regional feature, motion information, and a combination of the above, and wherein the second characteristic is different from the first characteristic.
20. The method of claim 17, wherein the regional feature is derived according to the characteristics for a filter unit, a coding unit or pixel location based.
21. An apparatus for processing coded video using adaptive loop filter (ALF), the apparatus comprising:
means for receiving reconstructed video data corresponding to coded video data from a processing unit;
means for applying adaptive loop filtering using a candidate filter set to the reconstructed video data to generate filtered video data, wherein the candidate filter set is selected from at least two filters according to ALF set selection; and
means for providing the filtered video data.
22. The apparatus of claim 21 further comprising means for dividing the reconstructed video data into multiple filter units, wherein at least one filter in the candidate filter set is selected for each of the multiple filter units.
23. The apparatus of claim 22, wherein each of filter units is further partitioned into filter control units and a filter control flag is associated with each of the filter control units to select a filter from said at least one filter of the filter unit selected for applying adaptive loop filtering.
24. A method for processing of coded video using adaptive loop filter (ALF), the method comprising:
receiving reconstructed video data corresponding to coded video data from a processing unit;
applying adaptive loop filtering to the reconstructed video data to generate filtered video data according to ALF set selection; and
providing the filtered video data,
wherein information associated with the ALF set selection is explicitly incorporated in the coded video data or is derived implicitly based on the reconstructed video data according to ALF method selection.
25. The method of claim 24, wherein the information associated with the ALF set selection is incorporated in a sequence level, a picture level, a slice level, a coding unit level, a filter unit level or a filter control unit level when the ALF method selection indicates that the ALF set selection is explicitly incorporated in the coded video data.
26. A method for processing of coded video using adaptive loop filter (ALF), the method comprising:
receiving reconstructed video data corresponding to coded video data from a processing unit;
applying adaptive loop filtering to the reconstructed video data to generate filtered video data; and
providing the filtered video data,
wherein the coded video data corresponds to coded data for luma component and chroma component, the luma component and the chroma component may share information associated with adaptive loop filtering, and the information associated with adaptive loop filtering is selected from a group consists of filter control unit partitioning, filter selection, filter control flag, filter shape, filter coefficients, and a combination of the above.
27. The method of claim 26, wherein sharing the information associated with adaptive loop filtering by the luma component and the chroma component is enabled or disable according to a sharing switch.
28. The method of claim 27, wherein information associated with the sharing switch is incorporated in a sequence level, a picture level, a slice level, a coding unit level, a filter unit level or a filter control unit level.
29. The method of claim 27, wherein the information associated with adaptive loop filtering for the chroma component is derived from the information associated with adaptive loop filtering for the luma component.

The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.

1. A method for diagnosing predisposition for obesity in a human individual, comprising
(a) obtaining a biological sample containing at least one nucleic acid molecule from said human individual; and
(b) analyzing said nucleic acid molecule to detect a genetic polymorphism in the human neuropeptide Y gene at a position at defined as position 1128 FIG. 7.
2. The method according to claim 1 wherein said polymorphism results in the substitution of leucine by proline at residue 7 in the signal peptide part of pre-pro-neuropeptide Y.
3. The method according to claim 1 or 2 when predisposition for obesity is determined as a genetic susceptibility for increased body-mass index.
4. A method for diagnosis of one or more single nucleotide polymorphisms in the neuropeptide Y gene in a human individual, comprising determining the sequence of the nucleic acid of the said human individual at one or more positions as defined in FIG. 7, said positions selected from:
602;
399;
84;
1008;
1057; and
8402.
5. The method according to claim 4 for use in assessing the predisposition of an individual to a medical condition mediated by neuropeptide Y.
6. The method according to claim 5 wherein said medical condition is obesity.
7. The method according to claim 6 wherein obesity is determined by an increased body-mass index.
8. The method according to an one of claims 4 to 6 wherein the said polymorphism is in position 602, 399, or 84 in the promoter region of the human neuropeptide Y gene.
9. A nucleic acid molecule comprising at least 10 contiguous nucleotides of the sequence shown in FIG. 7 having
T at position 602;
T at position 399;
C at position 84;
T at position 1 008;
G at position 1057; andor
G at position 8402.

1. A cathode active material for a lithium secondary battery, comprising a lithium composite oxide represented by the following Chemical Formula 1:
LiLizAO2
A={M11-x-y(M10.78Mn0.22)x}M2y\u2003\u2003Chemical Formula 1

wherein, M1 and M2 are independently one or more selected from a transition element, a rare earth element, or a combination thereof, and M1 and M2 are elements that are different from each other, and \u22120.05\u2266z\u22660.1, 0.8\u2266x+y\u22661.8, 0.05\u2266y\u22660.35, and Ni has an oxidation number of 2.01 to 2.4.
2. The cathode active material of claim 1, wherein the z, x, and y are in the following ranges of \u22120.03\u2266z\u22660.09, 1.0\u2266x+y\u22661.8, and 0.05\u2266y\u22660.35.
3. The cathode active material of claim 1, wherein M1 is selected from the group consisting of Ni, Co, Ti, Mg, Cu, Zn, Fe, Al, La, Ce, and a combination thereof, and
M2 is selected from the group consisting of Ni, Co, Ti, Mg, Cu, Zn, Fe, Al, La, Ce, and a combination thereof.
4. The cathode active material of claim 2, wherein M1 is Ni and M2 is Co.
5. The cathode active material of claim 1, wherein the lithium composite oxide is a secondary particle assembled by primary particles, and the secondary particle is spherical.
6. The cathode active material of claim 5, wherein the primary particle has an average long particle diameter ranging from 50 nm to 2.5 \u03bcm.
7. The cathode active material of claim 6, wherein the primary particle has an average long particle diameter ranging from 200 nm to 2.3 \u03bcm.
8. A lithium secondary battery comprising:
a cathode comprising a lithium composite oxide represented by the following Chemical Formula 1 cathode active material;
an anode comprising an anode active material; and
an electrolyte:
LiLizAO2
A={M11-x-y(M10.78Mn0.22)x}M2y\u2003\u2003Chemical Formula 1
wherein, M1 and M2 are independently one or more selected from a transition element, a rare earth element, or a combination thereof, M1 and M2 are elements that are different from each other, \u22120.05\u2266z\u22660.1, 0.8\u2266x+y\u22661.8, and 0.05\u2266y\u22660.35, and Ni has an oxidation number of 2.01 to 2.4, \u22120.05\u2266z\u22660.1, 0.8\u2266x+y\u22661.8, 0.05\u2266y\u22660.35, and Ni has an oxidation number of 2.01 to 2.4.
9. The lithium secondary battery of claim 8, wherein the z, x, and y are in the following ranges of \u22120.03\u2266z\u22660.09, 1.0\u2266x+y\u22661.8, and 0.05\u2266y\u22660.35.
10. The lithium secondary battery of claim 8, wherein M1 is selected from the group consisting of Ni, Co, Ti, Mg, Cu, Zn, Fe, Al, La, Ce, and a combination thereof, and
M2 is selected from the group consisting of Ni, Co, Ti, Mg, Cu, Zn, Fe, Al, La, Ce, and a combination thereof.
11. The lithium secondary battery of claim 8, wherein M1 is Ni and M2 is Co.
12. The lithium secondary battery of claim 8, wherein the lithium composite oxide is a secondary particle assembled by primary particles and is spherical.
13. The lithium secondary battery of claim 8, wherein the primary particle has an average long particle diameter ranging from 50 nm to 2.5 \u03bcm.
14. The lithium secondary battery of claim 13, wherein the primary particle has an average long particle diameter ranging from 200 nm to 2.3 \u03bcm.

The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.

1. A method for fusing vertebrae, comprising the steps of:
providing an implant member for positioning between opposed bone structures, the implant member having a first end and a second end, and a segmentable portion having an outer wall defining an internal cavity for reception of bone growth inducing substances, the outer wall having at least one groove which extends substantially continuously about the outer wall to define a plurality of discrete ring-like segments, each ring-like segment including a plurality of apertures extending therethrough in communication with the internal cavity to permit fusion of vertebral bone tissue;
accessing the vertebral space defined between adjacent vertebral bodies;
determining the desired implant member length for insertion into the space between the adjacent vertebral bodies by using one of the grooves as a cutting andor measurement guide;
cutting the implant member to the desired length; and
advancing the implant member within the vertebral space between the adjacent vertebral bodies.
2. The method of claim 1, further comprising the step of packing the implant member with bone growth inducing substances.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the first end andor the second end of the implant member is dimensioned to engage an end cap.
4. The method of claim 3, further comprising the step of mounting an end cap to the first end or second end of the implant member.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein the outer wall of the implant member includes a plurality of grooves which extend substantially continuously about the outer wall to define a plurality of discrete ring-like segments.
6. The method of claim 5, wherein the height of at least two of the ring-like segments are varied.
7. The method of claim 5, wherein the grooves are oriented parallel to each other.
8. The method of claim 4, wherein the end cap includes a face having at least one aperture disposed therethrough which communicates with the internal cavity to permit fusion of vertebral bone tissue.
9. The method of claim 8, wherein the face of the end cap includes a plurality of apertures disposed therethrough which are arranged in an array-like manner about the face.
10. The method of claim 4, wherein the end cap includes a face having a plurality of detents which extend outwardly therefrom, which serve to anchor the fusion apparatus to the bone structure.
11. The method of claim 10, wherein the detents are arranged radially about the face of the end cap.
12. The method of claim 10, wherein the detents are a spike-like configuration.
13. The method of claim 10, wherein the detents are arcuately-shaped and have a triangular cross-section.
14. The method of claim 4, wherein the end cap includes at least one mechanical interface which engages the corresponding first or second end of the implant member.
15. The method of claim 14, wherein the mechanical interface of the end cap includes a plurality of locking pins which engage the first or second end of the implant member.
16. The method of claim 14, wherein the mechanical interface of the end cap includes a diametrically tapered inner diameter, which is dimensioned for friction-fit engagement within the first or second end of the implant member.
17. The method of claim 14, wherein the mechanical interface of the end cap is generally C-shaped and includes:
two opposing ends which define a slit therebetween; and
a flange which is dimensioned to engage in annular recess disposed within the first or second end of the implant member.
18. The method of claim 14, wherein the mechanical interface of the end cap includes two opposing arcuately-shaped retaining sleeves which extend concentrically within an inner periphery of the end cap and are dimensioned to engage the annular recess within the first or second end of the implant member.
19. The method of claim 1, further comprising the step of:
providing a second implant member for positioning between the opposed bone structures, the second implant member having a first end and a second end, and a segmentable portion having an outer wall defining an internal cavity for reception of bone growth inducing substances, the outer wall having at least one groove which extends substantially continuously about the outer wall to define a plurality of discrete ring-like segments, each ring-like segment including a plurality of apertures extending therethrough in communication with the internal cavity to permit fusion of vertebral bone tissue;
accessing the vertebral space defined between adjacent vertebral bodies;
determining the desired second implant member length for insertion into the space between the adjacent vertebral bodies by using one of the grooves as a cutting andor measurement guide;
cutting the second implant member to the desired length; and
advancing the second implant member within the vertebral space between the adjacent vertebral bodies.
20. The method of claim 19, further including the step of arranging the implant members in a side-by-side relation.