All The Claims

What is claimed is:

1. A liquid crystal device comprising a pair of electrodes formed on at least one substrate and at least one liquid crystal composition layer containing a smectic liquid crystal compound and a Lewis acid compound sandwiched between said pair of electrodes, wherein said smectic liquid crystal compound has a hexagonal order structure.
2. The liquid crystal device according to claim 1, wherein
said smectic liquid crystal compound is a Lewis base compound.
3. The liquid crystal device according to claim 2, wherein
said smectic liquid crystal compound has a molecular structure containing a tertiary amine.
4. The liquid crystal device according to claim 1, wherein
said liquid crystal composition layer has a hole transporting property.
5. An organic electroluminescence device comprising a pair of electrodes formed on at least one substrate, and at least one carrier transport layer and at least one light-emitting layer arranged between said pair of electrodes, said carrier transport layer being composed of a liquid crystal composition layer containing a smectic liquid crystal compound and a Lewis acide compound.
6. The organic electroluminescence device according to claim 5, wherein
said smectic liquid crystal compound has a hexagonal order structure.
7. The organic electroluminescence device according to claim 5, wherein
said carrier transport layer is a hole transport layer.
8. The organic electroluminescence device according to claim 5, wherein
a protection layer is arranged between said carrier transport layer composed of the liquid crystal composition layer and said light-emitting layer, said protection layer being composed of an organic compound having a carrier transporting property of the same type as that of said carrier transport layer and a carrier conducting property of the type different from that of said carrier transport layer.
The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.

1. An electronic device comprising:
an interface unit which is connected to an external storage medium;
an identification unit which identifies the external storage medium connected to the interface unit; and
a controller which performs a media function corresponding to information of reproduction of media data stored in the identified external storage medium,
wherein the controller plays the media data from a point of time at which play was suspended, or displays using a viewer program a file including the media data that was displayed.
2. The electronic device according to claim 1, further comprising an ID generator, wherein
the controller, if a storage ID is not identified by the identification unit, controls the ID generator to generate a storage ID of the identified external storage medium, and stores the storage ID in the identified external storage medium.
3. The electronic device according to claim 2, further comprising a storage unit, wherein the controller stores in the storage unit the storage ID generated by the ID generator and media information about the media data stored in the identified external storage medium.
4. The electronic device according to claim 3, further comprising:
a display unit; and
a user interface (UI) generator,
wherein the controller controls the UI generator to generate a UI displaying information about the media data, and displays the UI on the display unit.
5. The electronic device according to claim 4, wherein the
information about the media data comprises a type, a size or a name of the data or a combination thereof, a list of data played during a certain time, time information about a point of time at which play was suspended, a location at which play was suspended, or a thumb nail image.
6. The electronic device according to claim 1, wherein the media function comprises a function to play the media data from a point of time at which play was last suspended.
7. The electronic device according to claim 1, wherein the media function comprises a function to display again using a viewer program a file that was last displayed.
8. The electronic device according to claim 1, wherein the media function comprises a function to display a photo or image which was last viewed.
9. A data control method of an electronic device, the data control method comprising:
identifying an external storage medium connected to the electronic device; and
performing a media function corresponding to information of reproduction of media data stored in the identified external storage medium,
wherein the performing the media function comprises playing the media data from a point of time at which play was last suspended, or displaying, using a viewer program, a file including the media data that was displayed.
10. The data control method according to claim 9, further comprising, if a storage ID is not identified, generating a storage ID of the identified external storage medium.
11. The data control method according to claim 10, further comprising storing the generated storage ID and media information about the media data.
12. The data control method according to claim 11, further comprising generating a user interface (UI) for displaying the media information and displaying the UI.
13. The data control method according to claim 12, wherein the media information comprises a type, a size or a name of the media data or a combination thereof, a list of data played during a certain period, time information about a point of time at which play of the media data was suspended, a location at which play was suspended, or a thumb nail image.
14. An electronic device comprising:
an interface unit;
an identification unit which reads the interface unit to identify a storage identifier (ID); and
a controller which, if a storage ID is not identified, generates a storage ID and transmits the storage ID using the interface unit, and if a storage ID is identified, performs a media function on media data received through the interface unit.
15. The electronic device according to claim 14, further comprising a storage unit,
wherein the controller stores the storage ID and media information related to the media data received through the interface unit in the storage unit.
16. A set top box comprising:
a universal serial bus (USB) interface unit which is configured to receive a USB storage medium;
an identification unit which reads the USB interface unit to identify whether the USB storage medium includes a storage identifier (ID) other than a manufacturer ID; and
a controller which, if the USB storage medium does not include the storage ID, generates a storage ID and transmits the generated storage ID through the interface unit to the USB storage medium, and if the USB storage medium includes the storage ID, performs a media function on media data received from the USB storage medium identified by the storage ID.

1. Method for applying a textile auxiliary during a hydrodynamic solidification process of geotextiles comprised of continuous fibers, wherein the textile auxiliary is added in metered doses directly into the fluid utilized for the hydrodynamic solidification.
2. Method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the textile auxiliary is introduced into the system of the hydrodynamic solidification by means of a dosing pump.
3. Method as claimed in claim 1 wherein two or more non-solidified or pre-solidified nonwoven fabrics are bonded to each other.
4. Method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the nonwoven fabric to be solidified or the nonwoven fabrics to be bonded are comprised of synthetic materials, such as polypropylene, polyethylene, polyamide or polyester, or of mixtures thereof.
5. Method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the nonwoven fabric to be solidified or the nonwoven fabrics to be bonded are comprised of or include bi-component fibers.
6. Method as claimed in claim 1 wherein the nonwoven fabric(s) additionally contain natural fibers.
7. Geotextiles solidified according to claim 1.

The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.

1. An orally administered adsorbent containing surface-modified spherical activated carbon having bulk density from 0.30 gmL to 0.46 gmL, a specific surface area determined by the Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) method of not less than 1900 m2g, total acidic group content from 0.30 meqg to 1.20 meqg, and total basic group content from 0.20 meqg to 0.9 meqg.
2. The orally administered adsorbent according to claim 1, wherein a pore volume of pore diameter from 20 nm to 10,000 nm of the surface-modified spherical activated carbon is not greater than 0.21 mLg.
3. The orally administered adsorbent according to claim 1, wherein a micropore volume ratio (Vm) of the surface-modified spherical activated carbon that is determined by Formula (1)
Vm=(V2.0\u2212V1.1)(V1.1\u2212V0.64)\u2003\u2003(1)

wherein, in the formula, V2.0, V1.1, and V0.64 are cumulative pore volumes of pore diameter not greater than 2.0 nm, not greater than 1.1 nm, and not greater than 0.64 nm, respectively, calculated by the Saito-Foley method from nitrogen adsorbed quantity is not less than 1.0.
4. The orally administered adsorbent according to claim 1, wherein an average particle size of the surface-modified spherical activated carbon is from 50 \u03bcm to 200 \u03bcm.
5. The orally administered adsorbent according to claim 1, wherein the surface-modified spherical activated carbon is prepared using a crosslinked vinyl resin as a carbon source.
6. A therapeutic or prophylactic agent for a renal disease containing as an active ingredient the orally administered adsorbent described in claim 1.
7. A therapeutic or prophylactic agent for a hepatic disease containing as an active ingredient the orally administered adsorbent described in claim 1.