All The Claims

1.-2. (canceled)
3. A method of establishing a Local IP Access, LIPA, connection, comprising:
receiving, by the network side, a Packet Data Network, PDN, connection establishment request, sent from a UE, carrying preconfigured information indicating the access type of the current request is an LIPA;
searching, by the network side, preconfigured correspondence relationships between Closed Subscriber Group, CSG, identifiers and Access Point Names, APNs, for a public access for an APN corresponding to the identifier of a CSG where the UE currently resides; and
establishing, by the network side, an LIPA connection for the UE through the APN after the APN is found.
4. The method according to claim 3, wherein after the network side receives the PDN connection establishment request and before the network side searches the preconfigured correspondence relationships between the CSG identifiers and the APNs for a public access for the APN corresponding to the identifier of the CSG where the UE currently resides, the method further comprises:
obtaining, by the network side, subscription information of the UE and determining whether the subscription information comprises information of allowing an LIPA through an APN for a public access; and
searching by the network side the preconfigured correspondence relationships between the CSG identifiers and the APNs for a public access for the APN corresponding to the identifier of the CSG where the UE currently resides comprises:
searching, by the network side, the preconfigured correspondence relationships between the CSG identifiers and the APNs for a public access for the APN corresponding to the identifier of the CSG where the UE currently resides after determining the subscription information comprises the information of allowing an LIPA through an APN for a public access.
5. The method according to claim 3, wherein after the network side receives the PDN connection establishment request and before the network side searches the preconfigured correspondence relationships between the CSG identifiers and the APNs for a public access for the APN corresponding to the identifier of the CSG where the UE currently resides, the method further comprises:
obtaining, by the network side, subscription information of the UE and determining whether the subscription information comprises an LIPA-allowed flag for a Visited Public Land Mobile Network, VPLMN, if the UE currently resides in the VPLMN; and
searching by the network side the preconfigured correspondence relationships between the CSG identifiers and the APNs for a public access for the APN corresponding to the identifier of the CSG where the UE currently resides comprises:
searching, by the network side, the preconfigured correspondence relationships between the CSG identifiers and the APNs for a public access for the APN corresponding to the identifier of the CSG where the UE currently resides after determining the subscription information comprises the LIPA-allowed flag for the VPLMN.
6. The method according to claim 3, wherein the correspondence relationships between the CSG identifiers and the APNs for a public access are configured on a Mobility Management Entity, MME, or a Domain Name Server, DNS, of a local PLMN.
7. The method according to claim 3, wherein the APN for a public access is:
a predefined well-known Access Point Name, APN, which is such an APN that can indicate the access type of the current request of the UE is an LIPA and that can be identified by all of PLMNs; or
a predefined generic well-defined APN which is such an APN that can distinguish an LIPA connection of a different type of service and that can be identified by a serving PLMN; or
an APN available to an LIPA as defined in the 3rd Generation Partnership Project, 3GPP, protocol.
8. (canceled)
9. A method of establishing a Local IP Access, LIPA, connection, comprising:
receiving, by the network side, a Packet Data Network, PDN, connection establishment request, sent from a UE, carrying an Access Point Name, APN, for a public access;
determining, by the network side, establishment of an LIPA connection through the APN for a public access is allowed in a Closed Subscriber Group, CSG, where the UE resides; and
establishing, by the network side, an LIPA connection for the UE through the APN for a public access.
10. The method according to claim 9, wherein before the network side establishes an LIPA connection for the UE through the APN for a public access, the method further comprises:
obtaining, by the network side, subscription information of the UE and determining the subscription information comprises an LIPA-allowed flag for a current PLMN.
11. The method according to claim 9, wherein the APN for a public access is:
a predefined well-known Access Point Name, APN, which is such an APN that can indicate the access type of the current request of the UE is an LIPA and that can be identified by all of PLMNs; or
a predefined generic well-defined APN which is such an APN that can distinguish an LIPA connection of a different type of service and that can be identified by a serving PLMN; or
an APN available to an LIPA as defined in the 3rd Generation Partnership Project, 3GPP, protocol.
12.-27. (canceled)
28. A device for establishing a Local IP Access, LIPA, connection, comprising:
a receiving unit configured to receive a Packet Data Network, PDN, connection establishment request, sent from a UE, carrying an Access Point Name, APN, for a public access; and
a connecting unit configured to determine establishment of an LIPA connection through the APN for a public access is allowed in a Closed Subscriber Group, CSG, where the UE resides and to establish an LIPA connection for the UE through the APN for a public access.
29. The device according to claim 28, wherein the connecting unit is further configured:
to obtain subscription information of the UE and to determine the subscription information comprises an LIPA-allowed flag for a current PLMN before an LIPA connection for the UE is established through the APN for a public access.
30. The device according to claim 28, wherein the APN for a public access is:
a predefined well-known Access Point Name, APN, which is such an APN that can indicate the access type of the current request of the UE is an LIPA and that can be identified by all of PLMNs; or
a predefined generic well-defined Access Point Name, APN, which is such an APN that can distinguish an LIPA connection of a different type of service and that can be identified by a serving PLMN; or
an APN available to an LIPA as defined in the 3rd Generation Partnership Project, 3GPP, protocol.
31.-42. (canceled)
43. The method according to claim 3, further comprising:
receiving, by the network side, an access request sent from the UE; and
adding, by the network side, to subscription information of the UE, information of the UE being enabled to perform an LIPA in the CSG through the APN after the APN is found, and sending the APN to the UE to notify the UE of being enabled to initiate an LIPA connection establishment request through the APN.
44. The method according to claim 43, wherein after the network side receives the access request and before the network side searches the preconfigured correspondence relationships between the CSG identifiers and the APNs for a public access for the APN corresponding to the identifier of the CSG where the UE currently resides, the method further comprises:
obtaining, by the network side, the subscription information of the UE and determining whether the subscription information comprises an LIPA-allowed flag for a Visited Public Land Mobile Network, VPLMN, if the UE currently resides in the VPLMN; and
searching by the network side the preconfigured correspondence relationships between the CSG identifiers and the APNs for a public access for the APN corresponding to the identifier of the CSG where the UE currently resides comprises:
searching, by the network side, the preconfigured correspondence relationships between the CSG identifiers and the APNs for a public access for the APN corresponding to the identifier of the CSG where the UE currently resides after determining the subscription information comprises the LIPA-allowed flag for the VPLMN.
45. The method according to claim 43, wherein adding, to the subscription information of the UE, the information of being enabled to perform an LIPA in the CSG through the APN comprises:
determining, by the network side, whether the UE currently resides in a Visited Public Land Mobile Network, VPLMN, whether the VPLMN supports a Visited Public Land Mobile Network, VPLMN, autonomous Closed Subscriber Group, CSG, roaming function and whether a Home Public Land Mobile Network, HPLMN, of the UE allows the VPLMN autonomous CSG roaming function; and
if all are positive, then adding, by the network side, the information of the UE being enabled to perform an LIPA in the CSG through the APN on an entity in the VPLMN in which CSG subscription information is stored temporally; otherwise, adding the information of the UE being enabled to perform an LIPA in the CSG through the APN on a Home Subscriber Server, HSS, of the HPLMN of the UE.
The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.

1. A push-to-open latch selectively moveable between latched and unlatched positions along a latch axis, the push-to-open latch having opposing proximal and distal ends, the push-to-open latch comprising:
a latch assembly, including:
a latch housing having a housing bore open at the proximal end and extending along the latch axis to a housing bottom wall at the distal end; and
a pin rod shaft extending upwardly from the housing bottom wall along the latch axis and having a pin rod dowel extending laterally outwardly from the pin rod shaft at the proximal end; and

a catch assembly reciprocatively moveable relative to the latch assembly along the latch axis and including:
a catch housing having a catch bore aligned with the latch axis;
an inner cam axially rotatably disposed within the catch bore and having a mating end and a bearing end facing the proximal end, the mating end having inner cam mating end ramps formed thereon; and
an outer cam axially rotatably disposed within the catch bore and having a mating end and a bearing end, the mating end having outer cam mating end ramps formed thereon, the bearing end facing the pin rod shaft, the inner and outer cam mating ends collectively defining a cam interior, the outer cam having a cam bore extending axially therethrough for passage of the pin rod shaft.
2. The push-to-open latch of claim 1 wherein the inner and outer cam mating end ramps cooperate to alternately engage and release the pin rod dowel from the cam interior such that the push-to-open latch is respectively placed in the latched and unlatched positions during reciprocation of the pin rod shaft through the cam bore along the latch axis.
3. The push-to-open latch of claim 1 wherein:
the inner and outer cams are coupled at respective ones of the mating ends such that the inner and outer cams rotate in unison within the catch bore, the outer cam including a cam slot extending axially therethrough for passage of the pin rod dowel, the outer cam mating end ramps also including a notch formed thereon for engaging the pin rod dowel, the cam slot and notch being sized to accommodate the pin rod dowel;
the inner and outer cam mating end ramps being configured to effectuate incremental rotation of the inner and outer cams relative to the pin rod dowel when the button assembly is initially reciprocated within the latch assembly such that the pin rod dowel passes through the cam slot, enters the cam interior and engages the notch in order to place the push-to-open latch in the latched position;
the inner and outer cam mating end ramps being configured to effectuate further incremental rotation of the pin rod dowel relative to the inner and outer cams when the button assembly is further reciprocated within the latch assembly such that the pin rod dowel disengages the notch during withdrawal of the pin rod dowel from the cam interior through the cam slot in order to place the push-to-open latch in the unlatched position.
4. The push-to-open latch of claim 1 further comprising:
a biasing member disposed within the latch assembly and configured to apply a biasing force to bias the catch assembly away from the latch assembly; wherein:
the outer cam includes outer cam bearing end ramps configured to rotate the outer cam about the latch axis until the cam slot is aligned with the pin rod dowel upon advancement of the pin rod shaft into the cam bore such that the pin rod dowel may enter the cam interior;
the inner and outer cam mating end ramps being configured to effectuate an approximately ninety degree rotation of the inner and outer cams relative to the pin rod dowel during initial reciprocation of the catch assembly relative to the latch assembly when a compression force is applied to the catch assembly to overcome the biasing force such that the pin rod dowel passes through the cam slot, enters the cam interior, moves toward and engages the inner cam mating end ramps causing rotation of the inner and outer cams, release of the compression force allowing the biasing force to cause the pin rod dowel to reverse direction and move toward and engage the outer cam mating end ramps causing further rotation of the inner and outer cams until the pin rod dowel engages the notch in order to place the push-to-open latch in the latched position;
the inner and outer cam mating end ramps being configured to effectuate a further approximately ninety degree rotation of the pin rod dowel relative to the inner and outer cams when the compression force is applied to the catch assembly for further reciprocation thereof relative to the latch assembly such that the pin rod dowel becomes disengaged from the notch, moves toward and engages the inner cam mating end ramp causing rotation of the inner and outer cams, release of the compression force allowing the biasing force to cause the pin rod dowel to reverse direction and move toward and engage the outer cam mating end ramps causing further rotation of the inner and outer cams until the pin rod dowel is aligned with the cam slot for withdrawal of the pin rod dowel from the cam interior through the cam slot in order to place the push-to-open latch in the unlatched position.
5. The push-to-open latch of claim 1 wherein the biasing member is configured as a helical compression spring.
6. The push-to-open latch of claim 1 wherein the pin rod shaft is non-rotatably fixed to the latch housing.
7. The push-to-open latch of claim 1 wherein:
the inner cam mating end includes a pair of diametrically opposed locking apertures formed in a perimeter wall of the inner cam;
the outer cam mating end including a pair of diametrically opposed projections oriented and configured to be complementary to the pair of locking apertures for coupling the inner and outer cams to prevent relative rotational movement therebetween such that the inner and outer cams rotate in unison.
8. The push-to-open latch of claim 1 wherein:
the inner cam mating end ramps are configured as a set of four separate sloping surfaces equi-angularly spaced about the cam bore and sloping in a generally circumferential direction;
the outer cam mating end ramps being configured as a set of four separate sloping surfaces equi-angularly spaced about the cam bore and sloping in a generally direction identical to that of the inner cam mating end ramps;
the set of inner cam sloping surfaces being angularly offset from the set of outer cam sloping surfaces by about forty-five degrees.
9. The push-to-open latch of claim 3 wherein the cam slot and notch are angularly offset by about ninety degrees.
10. A coat hook selectively moveable between stowed and extended positions along a latch axis and having opposing proximal and distal ends, the coat hook comprising:
a latch assembly including:
a cylindrically shaped latch housing having a cylindrical housing bore concentrically formed therewithin and being open at the proximal end and extending to a housing bottom wall at the distal end, the housing bottom wall having a pin rod mounting hole formed therethrough; and
an elongate dowel rod assembly concentrically disposed within the housing bore and having a cylindrically shaped pin rod shaft connected to the housing bottom wall at the pin rod mounting hole and extending upwardly therefrom, the dowel rod assembly having a cylindrical pin rod dowel passing diametrically through and extending perpendicularly outwardly from opposing sides of the pin rod shaft adjacent the proximal end;

a button assembly axially non-rotatably reciprocatable within the housing bore and being configured to extend partially out of the latch assembly at the proximal end when the coat hook is in the unlatched position and being generally flush with the latch assembly when the coat hook is in the stowed position, the button assembly including:
a cylindrically shaped elongate button housing having a cylindrical button bore open on one end and extending to a button bottom surface on an opposing end
a cylindrically shaped inner cam disposed within the button bore and being freely axially rotatable about the latch axis, the inner cam being sized complementary to the button bore and having a mating end and a bearing end disposed against the button bottom surface, the mating end including a pair of diametrically opposed locking apertures formed in a perimeter wall of the inner cam with a cam bore being formed therethrough for receiving the pin rod shaft, the inner cam further including a set of four inner cam mating end ramps equi-angularly spaced about the cam bore and sloping in a generally circumferential direction; and
a cylindrically shaped outer cam disposed within the button bore and being sized complementary thereto, the outer cam having a mating end and a bearing end, the mating end of the outer cam including a pair of diametrically opposed projections configured to be engagable to the pair of locking apertures for coupling the inner and outer cams to prevent relative rotational movement therebetween, the inner and outer cam mating ends collectively defining a cam interior, the outer cam having a cam bore and a diametrically oriented cam slot formed axially through the outer cam, the outer cam including a set of opposed outer cam bearing end ramps formed thereon and sloping away from one another in opposed radial directions, the outer cam further including set of four outer cam mating end ramps equi-angularly spaced about the cam bore and sloping in the a direction identical to that of the inner cam mating end ramps, the outer cam mating end ramps further including a diametrically disposed notch formed thereon and oriented generally perpendicularly to the cam slot; and

a compression spring coaxially disposed about the pin rod shaft and captured between the housing bottom wall and the outer cam bearing end and being configured to apply a biasing force to bias the button assembly away from the latch assembly;
wherein:
the outer cam bearing end ramps are configured to cause the inner and outer cams to rotate about the latch axis until the cam slot is aligned with the pin rod dowel upon advancement of the pin rod shaft into the cam bore such that the pin rod dowel may enter the cam interior;
the inner and outer cam mating end ramps being configured to effectuate an approximately ninety degree rotation of the inner and outer cams relative to the pin rod dowel when a compression force is applied to the button assembly to overcome the biasing force for initial reciprocation of the button assembly within the latch assembly such that the pin rod dowel passes through the cam slot, enters the cam interior, moves toward and engages the inner cam mating end ramps causing rotation of the inner and outer cams;
release of the compression force allowing the biasing force to cause the pin rod dowel to reverse direction and move toward and engage the outer cam mating end ramps causing further rotation of the inner and outer cams until the pin rod dowel engages the notch in order to position the coat hook in the stowed position;
the inner and outer cam mating end ramps being configured to effectuate a further approximately ninety degree incremental rotation of the pin rod dowel relative to the inner and outer cams when the compression force is applied to the button assembly for further reciprocation of the button assembly within the latch assembly such that the pin rod dowel becomes disengaged from the notch, moves toward and engages the inner cam mating end ramps causing rotation of the inner and outer cams;
release of the compression force allowing the biasing force to cause the pin rod dowel to reverse direction and move toward and engage the outer cam mating end ramps causing further rotation of the inner and outer cams until the pin rod dowel is aligned with the cam slot for withdrawal of the pin rod dowel from the cam interior through the cam slot in order to position the coat hook in the extended position.
11. The coat hook of claim 9 further comprising:
a plurality of ball bearings captured between the button bottom surface and the inner cam mating end and spatially distributed about a perimeter of the button bore; and
a disc-shaped cam spacer disposed against the button bottom surface and being sized to concentrically nest within the ball bearings for maintaining the spatial distribution thereof, the cam spacer having a thickness that is generally less than a diameter of any one of the ball bearings and having a cam bore formed therethrough for receiving the pin rod shaft.
12. The coat hook of claim 9 wherein:
the inner cam mating end ramps are configured as a set of four separate sloping surfaces equi-angularly spaced about the cam bore and sloping in a generally circumferential direction;
the outer cam mating end ramps being configured as a set of four separate sloping surfaces equi-angularly spaced about the cam bore and sloping in a generally circumferential direction identical to that of the inner cam mating end ramps;
the set of inner cam sloping surfaces being angularly offset from the set of outer cam sloping surfaces by about forty-five degrees.
13. The coat hook of claim 9 wherein the cam slot and notch are angularly offset by about ninety degrees.
14. The coat hook of claim 9 wherein:
the latch housing includes a pair of diametrically opposed housing slots formed therein in general alignment with the latch axis;
the button housing having a pair of coiled pins extending laterally outwardly therefrom and slidably engaging the housing slots to prevent rotation of the button assembly relative to the latch assembly.
15. (canceled)
16. (canceled)
17. (canceled)
18. (canceled)
19. (canceled)
20. (canceled)

1. A method for communicating a multichannel packet within a communications management system having a plurality of channels, comprising:
determining whether the multichannel packet is destined for a single channel capable remote communications node or a synchronous multichannel capable remote communications node; and
if the multichannel packet is destined for the single channel capable remote communications node,
identifying the multichannel packet as a non-multichannel packet-type, and
transmitting the multichannel packet on a single channel from the plurality of channels, and
if the multichannel packet is destined for the synchronous multichannel capable remote communications node,
splitting the multichannel packet into a predesignated quantity of pieces,
assigning each of the pieces to a corresponding available channel from the plurality of channels, and
transmitting each piece over its assigned available channel.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the step of splitting the multichannel packet comprises:
determining an availability of the plurality of channels for transporting the multichannel packet; and
splitting the information into the predesignated quantity of pieces equal to a number of available channels.
3. The method according to claim 1, wherein the step of assigning each of the pieces comprises:
producing an encapsulation header to denote the assigned available channel.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the step of identifying the multichannel packet comprises:
framing and encapsulating the multichannel packet as a non-multichannel packet-type.
5. The method of claim 4, wherein the step of framing and encapsulating the multichannel packet comprises:
producing an encapsulation header to mark the multichannel packet as being the non-multichannel packet-type.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein the step of splitting the multichannel packet comprises:
splitting the multichannel packet into a quantity of available channels from the plurality of channels.
7. The method of claim 1, wherein the step of splitting the multichannel packet comprises:
byte-level splitting the multichannel packet to produce the predesignated quantity of pieces.
8. The method of claim 7, wherein the step of byte-level splitting the multichannel packet comprises:
dividing the multichannel packet over the available channels in the plurality of channels in an order the multichannel packet was received.
9. The method of claim 7, wherein the step of byte-level splitting the multichannel packet comprises:
dividing the multichannel packet into a plurality of bytes, wherein each byte becomes a corresponding protocol data unit (PDU) of the corresponding available channel in the plurality of channels.
10. The method of claim 1, wherein the step of splitting the multichannel packet comprises:
packet-level splitting the multichannel packet to produce the predesignated quantity of pieces.
11. The method of claim 10, wherein the step of packet-level splitting the multichannel packet comprises:
dividing the multichannel packet into a plurality of packets, wherein each packet becomes a corresponding protocol data unit (PDU) of the corresponding available channel in the plurality of channels.
12. The method of claim 11, wherein the step of dividing the multichannel packet comprises:
dividing the multichannel packet into a plurality of MPEG packets.
13. The method of claim 1, wherein the step of assigning each of the pieces comprises:
framing and encapsulating each of the pieces as a multichannel packet-type.
14. The method of claim 13, wherein the step of framing and encapsulating each of the pieces comprises:
producing an encapsulating header to designate the corresponding available channel that the pieces have been assigned.
15. The method of claim 14, further comprising:
accessing information for transport over the plurality of channels to provide the multichannel packet.
16. A method for communicating a multichannel packet within a communications management system having a plurality of channels, comprising:
(a) determining a relationship between the plurality of channels; and
(b) transmitting each of a predesignated quantity of pieces of the multichannel packet via the plurality of channels to a remote device based upon the relationship.
17. The method of claim 16, wherein step (a) comprises:
(a)(i) receiving a capability of the remote device to indicate the remote device is capable of receiving each of the predesignated quantity of pieces; and
(a)(ii) sending a location of the plurality of channels to the remote device when the capability of the remote device indicates the remote device is capable of receiving each of the predesignated quantity of pieces.
18. The method of claim 17, wherein step (a)(i) comprises:
(a)(i)(A) receiving the capability of the remote device via a REG-REQ message from the remote device.
19. The method of claim 17, wherein step (a)(ii) comprises:
(a)(ii)(A) sending a REG-RSP message to the remote device.
20. The method of claim 17, wherein step (b) comprises:
(b)(i) receiving an acknowledgement from the remote device; and
(b)(ii) transmitting each of a predesignated quantity of pieces in response to the acknowledgement.
21. The method of claim 20, wherein step (b)(i) comprises:
(b)(i)(A) receiving a REG-ACK message from the remote device.
22. The method of claim 16, wherein step (a) comprises:
(a)(i) setting a program identifier (PID) field of the multichannel packet to indicate that each of the predesignated quantity of pieces are to be transmitted via the plurality of channels.
23. The method of claim 16, wherein step (b) comprises:
(b)(i) splitting the multichannel packet into the predesignated quantity of pieces;
(b)(ii) assigning each of the predesignated quantity of pieces to a corresponding available channel from the plurality of channels; and
(b)(iii) transmitting each of the predesignated quantity of pieces over the corresponding available channel.
24. The method of claim 23, wherein step (b)(i) comprises:
(b)(i)(A) byte-level splitting the multichannel packet to produce the predesignated quantity of pieces.
25. The method of claim 24, wherein step (b)(i)(A) comprises:
(b)(i)(A)(1) dividing the multichannel packet over the corresponding available channel in an order the multichannel packet was received.
26. The method of claim 24, wherein step (b)(i)(A) comprises:
(b)(i)(A)(1) dividing the multichannel packet into a plurality of bytes, wherein each byte from the plurality of bytes becomes a corresponding protocol data unit (PDU) of the corresponding available channel.
27. The method of claim 23, wherein step (b)(i) comprises:
(b)(i)(A) packet-level splitting the multichannel packet to produce the predesignated quantity of pieces.
28. The method of claim 27, wherein step (b)(i)(A) comprises:
(b)(i)(A)(1) dividing the multichannel packet into a plurality of packets, wherein each packet becomes a corresponding protocol data unit (PDU) of the corresponding available channel.
29. The method of claim 23, wherein step (b)(ii) comprises:
(b)(ii)(A) framing and encapsulating each of the pieces as a multichannel packet-type.
30. The method of claim 29, wherein step (b)(ii)(A) comprises:
(b)(ii)(A)(1) producing an encapsulating header to designate the corresponding available channel that the pieces have been assigned.
31. The method of claim 16, wherein step (b) comprises:
(b)(i) transmitting each of the predesignated quantity of pieces to the remote device when the relationship indicates the remote device is capable of receiving each of the predesignated quantity of pieces.
32. The method of claim 31, wherein step (b) further comprises:
(b)(ii) transmitting the multichannel packet to the remote device via a single channel from the plurality of channels when the relationship indicates the remote device is not capable of receiving each of the predesignated quantity of pieces.
33. The method of claim 32, wherein step (b)(ii) further comprises:
(b)(ii)(A) framing and encapsulating the multichannel packet as a single channel packet-type.
The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.

1. A speech communication system, comprising:
a speech decoder that receives a set of coded parameters representative of the desired signal characteristics, and uses the set of coded parameters to generate reconstructed speech,
said speech decoder comprising an equalizer that
computes a matching set of parameters from the reconstructed speech,
undoes the set of characteristics corresponding to the computed set of parameters, and
imposes the set of characteristics corresponding to the coded set of parameters thereby producing equalized reconstructed speech.
2. The speech communication system of claim 1, wherein the set of coded parameters representative of the desired signal characteristics is the set of spectral coefficients.
3. The speech communication system of claim 2, wherein the spectral coefficients are linear prediction (LP) coefficients for a short-term filter.
4. A speech decoder for a speech communication system, comprising:
a demultiplexer that demultiplexes a received coded bitstream to recover therefrom quantized spectral (LP) coefficients and excitation parameters corresponding to a frame in a sequence of speech frames, the excitation parameters comprising a codevector index, a scale factor, long term predictor filter coefficients and a delay value;
a codebook that stores a plurality of codebook codevectors with each of the plurality of codebook codevectors associated with an index for generating a codebook codevector in response to the recovered codevector index;
a long-term predictor filter that processes the codebook codevector using the long term predictor filter coefficients and the delay value recovered for the frame in the sequence of speech frames to generate a combined excitation signal;
an LP synthesis filter that processes the combined excitation signal using the recovered quantized spectral coefficients to generate a reconstructed speech signal corresponding to the frame in the sequence of speech frames; and
an equalizer that processes the reconstructed speech signal to generate equalized reconstructed speech.
5. The speech decoder according to claim 4, wherein the excitation parameters further comprise a scale factor, and wherein the speech decoder communication system further comprises:
a gain controller, coupled to said codebook and responsive to the recovered scale factor, for generating a scaled codebook codevector;
said long-term predictor filter processes the scaled codebook codevector using the long term predictor filter coefficients and the delay value recovered for the frame in the sequence of speech frames to generate a combined excitation signal;
said LP synthesis filter processes the combined excitation signal using the recovered quantized spectral coefficients to generate a reconstructed speech signal corresponding to the frame in the sequence of speech frames; and
said equalizer processes the reconstructed speech signal to generate equalized reconstructed speech.
6. The speech decoder according to claim 5, wherein said equalizer computes from the reconstructed speech signal and the quantized spectral coefficients an equalizer response, the equalizer response being used to generate the equalized reconstructed speech.
7. The speech decoder according to claim 6, wherein said equalizer computes the equalizer response by
applying an LP analysis window to the reconstructed speech signal to generate a windowed reconstructed speech signal,
analyzing the windowed reconstructed speech signal using LP analysis to derive therefrom spectral (LP) coefficients,
generating an impulse response using a zero-state zero filter response defined by the derived spectral (LP) coefficients,
filtering the impulse response using a zero-state pole filter response defined by the recovered quantized spectral coefficients to generate an initial equalizer impulse response,
transforming the initial equalizer impulse response using a Fast Fourier Transform into a frequency domain signal,
calculating the magnitude spectrum of the frequency domain signal,
using the magnitude spectrum as the equalizer magnitude response,
setting the equalizer phase response to zero to generate an intermediate equalizer frequency response, and
outputting the intermediate equalizer frequency response.
8. The speech decoder according to claim 6, wherein a reconstructed speech signal is equalized by
applying a synthesis window to the reconstructed speech signal to generate a windowed reconstructed speech frame in a sequence of reconstructed speech frames,
zero padding the windowed reconstructed speech frame to generate a zero-padded windowed reconstructed speech frame,
transforming the zero-padded windowed reconstructed speech frame using a Fast Fourier Transform to generate complex spectral coefficients,
modifying the complex spectral coefficients by applying the intermediate equalizer frequency response to generate modified complex spectral coefficients,
transforming the modified complex spectral coefficients using an Inverse Fast Fourier Transform to generate a modified windowed reconstructed speech frame,
generating the equalized reconstructed speech signal using an overlapadder on adjacent modified windowed reconstructed speech frames, and
outputting the equalized reconstructed speech signal.
9. The speech decoder according to claim 7, wherein said equalizer further computes the equalizer response by
transforming the intermediate equalizer frequency response into an intermediate equalizer impulse response using an Inverse Fast Fourier Transform, and
outputting the intermediate equalizer impulse response.
10. The speech decoder according to claim 9, wherein a reconstructed speech signal is equalized by
applying a synthesis window to the reconstructed speech signal to generate a windowed reconstructed speech frame in a sequence of reconstructed speech frames,
convolving the windowed reconstructed speech frame using the intermediate equalizer impulse response to generate a modified windowed reconstructed speech frame,
generating the equalized reconstructed speech signal using an overlapadder on adjacent modified windowed reconstructed speech frames, and
outputting the equalized reconstructed speech signal.
11. The speech decoder according to claim 9, wherein said equalizer further computes the equalizer response by
windowing the intermediate equalizer impulse response using a symmetric window to generate an equalizer impulse response, and
outputting the equalizer impulse response.
12. The speech decoder according to claim 11, wherein a reconstructed speech signal is equalized by
applying a synthesis window to the reconstructed speech signal to generate a windowed reconstructed speech frame in a sequence of reconstructed speech frames,
convolving the windowed reconstructed speech frame using the equalizer impulse response to generate a modified windowed reconstructed speech frame,
generating the equalized reconstructed speech signal using an overlapadder on adjacent modified windowed reconstructed speech frames, and
outputting the equalized reconstructed speech signal.
13. The speech decoder according to claim 11, wherein said equalizer further computes the equalizer response by
transforming the equalizer impulse response using a Fast Fourier Transform into an equalizer frequency response, and
outputting the equalizer frequency response.
14. The speech decoder according to claim 13, wherein a reconstructed speech signal is equalized by
applying a synthesis window to the reconstructed speech signal to generate a windowed reconstructed speech frame in a sequence of reconstructed speech frames,
zero padding the windowed reconstructed speech frame to generate a zero-padded windowed reconstructed speech frame,
transforming the zero-padded windowed reconstructed speech frame using a Fast Fourier Transform to generate complex spectral coefficients,
modifying the complex spectral coefficients by applying the equalizer frequency response to generate modified complex spectral coefficients,
transforming the modified complex spectral coefficients using an Inverse Fast Fourier Transform to generate a modified windowed reconstructed speech frame,
generating the equalized reconstructed speech signal using an overlapadder on adjacent modified windowed reconstructed speech frames, and
outputting the equalized reconstructed speech signal.
15. A speech decoder for a speech communication system, comprising:
a demultiplexer that demultiplexes a received coded bitstream to recover therefrom quantized spectral (LP) coefficients and excitation parameters corresponding to a frame in a sequence of speech frames, the excitation parameters comprising a codevector index, a long term predictor filter coefficients and a delay value;
a codebook that stores a plurality of codebook codevectors with each of the plurality of codebook codevectors associated with an index for generating a codebook codevector in response to the recovered codevector index;
a long-term predictor filter that processes the codebook codevector using the long term predictor filter coefficients and the delay value recovered for the frame in the sequence of speech frames to generate a combined excitation signal;
an equalizer that processes the combined excitation signal to generate an equalized combined excitation signal; and
an LP synthesis filter that processes the equalized combined excitation signal using the recovered quantized spectral coefficients to generate an equalized reconstructed speech signal.
16. The speech decoder according to claim 15, wherein the excitation parameters further comprise a scale factor, and wherein the speech decoder communication system further comprises:
a gain controller, coupled to said codebook and responsive to the recovered scale factor, for generating a scaled codebook codevector;
said long-term predictor filter that processes the scaled codebook codevector using the long term predictor filter coefficients and the delay value recovered for the frame in the sequence of speech frames to generate a combined excitation signal;
said equalizer processing the combined excitation signal to generate an equalized combined excitation signal; and
said LP synthesis filter processing the equalized combined excitation signal using the recovered quantized spectral coefficients to generate an equalized reconstructed speech signal.
17. The speech decoder according to claim 15, wherein said equalizer computes from the combined excitation signal an equalizer response, the equalizer response being used to generate the equalized combined excitation signal.
18. The speech decoder according to claim 17, wherein said equalizer computes the equalizer response by
applying an LP analysis window to the combined excitation signal to generate a windowed combined excitation signal,
analyzing the windowed combined excitation signal using LP analysis to derive therefrom spectral (LP) coefficients,
generating an initial equalizer impulse response using a zero-state zero filter response defined by the derived spectral (LP) coefficients,
transforming the initial equalizer impulse response using a Fast Fourier Transform into a frequency domain signal,
calculating the magnitude spectrum of the frequency domain signal,
using the magnitude spectrum as the equalizer magnitude response,
setting the equalizer phase response to zero to generate an intermediate equalizer frequency response, and
outputting the intermediate equalizer frequency response.
19. The speech decoder according to claim 18, wherein the combined excitation signal is equalized by
applying a synthesis window to the combined excitation signal to generate a windowed combined excitation signal frame in a sequence of combined excitation signal frames,
zero padding the windowed combined excitation signal frame to generate a zero-padded windowed combined excitation signal frame,
transforming the zero-padded windowed combined excitation signal frame using a Fast Fourier Transform to generate complex spectral coefficients,
modifying the complex spectral coefficients by applying the intermediate equalizer frequency response to generate modified complex spectral coefficients,
transforming the modified complex spectral coefficients using an Inverse Fast Fourier Transform to generate a modified windowed combined excitation signal frame,
generating the equalized combined excitation signal using an overlapadder on adjacent modified windowed combined excitation signal frames, and
outputting the equalized combined excitation signal.
20. The speech decoder according to claim 18, wherein said equalizer further computes the equalizer response by
transforming the intermediate equalizer frequency response into an intermediate equalizer impulse response using an Inverse Fast Fourier Transform, and
outputting the intermediate equalizer impulse response.
21. The speech decoder according to claim 20, wherein a combined excitation signal is equalized by
applying a synthesis window to the combined excitation signal to generate a windowed combined excitation signal frame in a sequence of combined excitation signal frames,
convolving the windowed combined excitation signal frame using the intermediate equalizer impulse response to generate modified windowed combined excitation signal frame,
generating the equalized combined excitation signal using an overlapadder on adjacent modified windowed combined excitation signal frames, and
outputting the equalized combined excitation signal.
22. The speech decoder according to claim 20, wherein said equalizer further computes the equalizer response by
windowing the intermediate equalizer impulse response using a symmetric window to generate an equalizer impulse response, and
outputting the equalizer impulse response.
23. The speech decoder according to claim 22, wherein a combined excitation signal is equalized by
applying a synthesis window to the combined excitation signal to generate a windowed combined excitation signal frame in a sequence of combined excitation signal frames,
convolving the windowed combined excitation signal frame using the equalizer impulse response to generate a modified windowed combined excitation signal frame,
generating the equalized combined excitation signal using an overlapadder on adjacent modified windowed combined excitation signal frames, and
outputting the equalized combined excitation signal.
24. The speech decoder according to claim 21, wherein said equalizer further computes the equalizer response by
transforming the equalizer impulse response using a Fast Fourier Transform into an equalizer frequency response, and
outputting the equalizer frequency response.
25. The speech decoder according to claim 24, wherein a combined excitation signal is equalized by
applying a synthesis window to the combined excitation signal to generate a windowed combined excitation signal frame in a sequence of combined excitation signal frames,
zero padding the windowed combined excitation signal frame to generate a zero-padded windowed combined excitation signal frame,
transforming the zero-padded windowed combined excitation signal frame using a Fast Fourier Transform to generate complex spectral coefficients,
modifying the complex spectral coefficients by applying the equalizer frequency response to generate modified complex spectral coefficients,
transforming the modified complex spectral coefficients using an Inverse Fast Fourier Transform to generate a modified windowed combined excitation signal frame,
generating the equalized combined excitation signal using an overlapadder on adjacent modified windowed combined excitation signal frames, and
outputting the equalized combined excitation signal.
26. A method by which an equalizer equalizes a reconstructed speech signal, comprising:
inputting the reconstructed speech signal,
inputting quantized spectral coefficients, and
generating equalized reconstructed speech from the reconstructed speech signal and the quantized spectral coefficients.
27. The method according to claim 26, further comprising:
applying an LP analysis window to the reconstructed speech signal to generate a windowed reconstructed speech signal,
analyzing the windowed reconstructed speech signal using LP analysis to derive therefrom spectral (LP) coefficients,
generating an impulse response using a zero-state zero filter response defined by the derived spectral (LP) coefficients,
filtering the impulse response using a zero-state pole filter response defined by the recovered quantized spectral coefficients to generate an initial equalizer impulse response,
transforming the initial equalizer impulse response using a Fast Fourier Transform into a frequency domain signal,
calculating the magnitude spectrum of the frequency domain signal,
using the magnitude spectrum as the equalizer magnitude response,
setting the equalizer phase response to zero to generate an intermediate equalizer frequency response, and
outputting the intermediate equalizer frequency response.
28. The method according to claim 26, further comprising:
applying a synthesis window to the reconstructed speech signal to generate a windowed reconstructed speech frame in a sequence of reconstructed speech frames,
zero padding the windowed reconstructed speech frame to generate a zero-padded windowed reconstructed speech frame,
transforming the zero-padded windowed reconstructed speech frame using a Fast Fourier Transform to generate complex spectral coefficients,
modifying the complex spectral coefficients by applying the intermediate equalizer frequency response to generate modified complex spectral coefficients,
transforming the modified complex spectral coefficients using an Inverse Fast Fourier Transform to generate a modified windowed reconstructed speech frame,
generating the equalized reconstructed speech signal using an overlapadder on adjacent modified windowed reconstructed speech frames, and
outputting the equalized reconstructed speech signal.
29. The method according to claim 27, further comprising:
transforming the intermediate equalizer frequency response into an intermediate equalizer impulse response using an Inverse Fast Fourier Transform, and
outputting the intermediate equalizer impulse response.
30. The method according to claim 29, further comprising:
applying a synthesis window to the reconstructed speech signal to generate a windowed reconstructed speech frame in a sequence of reconstructed speech frames,
convolving the windowed reconstructed speech frame using the intermediate equalizer impulse response to generate a modified windowed reconstructed speech frame,
generating the equalized reconstructed speech signal using an overlapadder on adjacent modified windowed reconstructed speech frames, and
outputting the equalized reconstructed speech signal.
31. The method according to claim 29, further comprising:
windowing the intermediate equalizer impulse response using a symmetric window to generate an equalizer impulse response, and
outputting the equalizer impulse response.
32. The method according to claim 31, further comprising:
applying a synthesis window to the reconstructed speech signal to generate a windowed reconstructed speech frame in a sequence of reconstructed speech frames,
convolving the windowed reconstructed speech frame using the equalizer impulse response to generate a modified windowed reconstructed speech frame,
generating the equalized reconstructed speech signal using an overlapadder on adjacent modified windowed reconstructed speech frames, and
outputting the equalized reconstructed speech signal.
33. The method according to claim 3 1, further comprising:
transforming the equalizer impulse response using a Fast Fourier Transform into an equalizer frequency response, and
outputting the equalizer frequency response.
34. The method according to claim 33, further comprising:
applying a synthesis window to the reconstructed speech signal to generate a windowed reconstructed speech frame in a sequence of reconstructed speech frames,
zero padding the windowed reconstructed speech frame to generate a zero-padded windowed reconstructed speech frame,
transforming the zero-padded windowed reconstructed speech frame using a Fast Fourier Transform to generate complex spectral coefficients,
modifying the complex spectral coefficients by applying the equalizer frequency response to generate modified complex spectral coefficients,
transforming the modified complex spectral coefficients using an Inverse Fast Fourier Transform to generate a modified windowed reconstructed speech frame,
generating the equalized reconstructed speech signal using an overlapadder on adjacent modified windowed reconstructed speech frames, and
outputting the equalized reconstructed speech signal.
35. A method for equalizing a combined excitation signal, comprising:
applying an LP analysis window to the combined excitation signal to generate a windowed combined excitation signal,
analyzing the windowed combined excitation signal using LP analysis to derive therefrom spectral (LP) coefficients,
generating an initial equalizer impulse response using a zero-state zero filter response defined by the derived spectral (LP) coefficients,
transforming the initial equalizer impulse response using a Fast Fourier Transform into a frequency domain signal,
calculating the magnitude spectrum of the frequency domain signal,
using the magnitude spectrum as the equalizer magnitude response,
setting the equalizer phase response to zero to generate an intermediate equalizer frequency response, and
outputting the intermediate equalizer frequency response.
36. The method according to claim 35, further comprising:
applying a synthesis window to the combined excitation signal to generate a windowed combined excitation signal frame in a sequence of combined excitation signal frames,
zero padding the windowed combined excitation signal frame to generate a zero-padded windowed combined excitation signal frame,
transforming the zero-padded windowed combined excitation signal frame using a Fast Fourier Transform to generate complex spectral coefficients,
modifying the complex spectral coefficients by applying the intermediate equalizer frequency response to generate modified complex spectral coefficients,
transforming the modified complex spectral coefficients using an Inverse Fast Fourier Transform to generate a modified windowed combined excitation signal frame,
generating the equalized combined excitation signal using an overlapadder on adjacent modified windowed combined excitation signal frames, and
outputting the equalized combined excitation signal.
37. The method according to claim 35, further comprising:
transforming the intermediate equalizer frequency response into an intermediate equalizer impulse response using an Inverse Fast Fourier Transform, and
outputting the intermediate equalizer impulse response.
38. The method according to claim 37, further comprising:
applying a synthesis window to the combined excitation signal to generate a windowed combined excitation signal frame in a sequence of combined excitation signal frames,
convolving the windowed combined excitation signal frame using the intermediate equalizer impulse response to generate modified windowed combined excitation signal frame,
generating the equalized combined excitation signal using an overlapadder on adjacent modified windowed combined excitation signal frames, and
outputting the equalized combined excitation signal.
39. The method according to claim 37, further comprising:
windowing the intermediate equalizer impulse response using a symmetric window to generate an equalizer impulse response, and
outputting the equalizer impulse response.
40. The method according to claim 39 further comprising:
applying a synthesis window to the combined excitation signal to generate a windowed combined excitation signal frame in a sequence of combined excitation signal frames,
convolving the windowed combined excitation signal frame using the equalizer impulse response to generate a modified windowed combined excitation signal frame,
generating the equalized combined excitation signal using an overlapadder on adjacent modified windowed combined excitation signal frames, and
outputting the equalized combined excitation signal.
41. The method according to claim 38, further comprising:
transforming the equalizer impulse response using a Fast Fourier Transform into an equalizer frequency response, and
outputting the equalizer frequency response.
42. The method according to claim 41, further comprising:
applying a synthesis window to the combined excitation signal to generate a windowed combined excitation signal frame in a sequence of combined excitation signal frames,
zero padding the windowed combined excitation signal frame to generate a zero-padded windowed combined excitation signal frame,
transforming the zero-padded windowed combined excitation signal frame using a Fast Fourier Transform to generate complex spectral coefficients,
modifying the complex spectral coefficients by applying the equalizer frequency response to generate modified complex spectral coefficients,
transforming the modified complex spectral coefficients using an Inverse Fast Fourier Transform to generate a modified windowed combined excitation signal frame,
generating the equalized combined excitation signal using an overlapadder on adjacent modified windowed combined excitation signal frames, and
outputting the equalized combined excitation signal.