1. An optical sheet comprising:
a transparent substrate sheet; and
a sticking preventive portion provided on a back face of the transparent substrate sheet, the sticking preventive portion comprising a plurality of printed dots.
2. The optical sheet according to claim 1, wherein an average diameter of the printed dots is no less than 1 \u03bcm and no greater than 200 \u03bcm.
3. The optical sheet according to claim 1, wherein a ratio of an average height to an average diameter of the printed dots is no less than 1100 and no greater than 1.
4. The optical sheet according to claim 1, wherein the printed dot has a hemisphere-like shape having a height less than a diameter.
5. The optical sheet according to claim 1, wherein an arrangement density of the printed dots on the back face of the transparent substrate sheet is no less than 10 dotsmm2 and no greater than 2,500 dotsmm2.
6. The optical sheet according to claim 1, wherein a principal component of the printed dots is an acrylic resin, a urethane resin or an acrylic urethane resin.
7. The optical sheet according to claim 1, wherein the transparent substrate sheet comprises:
a substrate layer; and
a functional layer provided on a back face of the substrate layer,
wherein the printed dots are provided on a back face of the functional layer.
8. The optical sheet according to claim 7, wherein the functional layer is an antistatic layer.
9. The optical sheet according to claim 1, further comprising a light diffusion layer overlaid on a front face side of the transparent substrate sheet, wherein the light diffusion layer comprises a light diffusing agent and a binder for the light diffusing agent.
10. The optical sheet according to claim 9, wherein an average height of the printed dots is greater than a mean particle diameter of the light diffusing agent.
11. The optical sheet according to claim 9, wherein the average diameter of the printed dots is no less than twice and no greater than twenty times the mean particle diameter of the light diffusing agent.
12. An edge-lit backlight unit comprising:
the optical sheet according to claim 1; and
an optical waveguide plate disposed on a back face side of the optical sheet.
13. The backlight unit according to claim 12, wherein the optical waveguide plate comprises a plurality of recessed portions provided substantially parallel on a front face thereof.
14. The backlight unit according to claim 13, wherein the average diameter of the printed dots is no less than an average width of the recessed portions.
15. The optical sheet according to claim 1, which is an optical waveguide sheet for use in an edge-lit backlight unit that emits toward a front face thereof, rays of light having entered from an end face.
16. The optical sheet according to claim 15, wherein the printed dots comprise a white pigment.
17. The optical sheet according to claim 15, wherein the transparent substrate sheet comprises a wave-like finely modulated structure on the front face thereof.
18. An edge-lit backlight unit comprising the optical sheet according to claim 15.
The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.
1. A telecommunications system for providing a facility for communicating internet packets to andor from a mobile user equipment, payload data of the internet packets comprising a plurality of different types of data, the system comprising a packet radio network which includes a gateway support node, a serving support node and a radio network controller,
the gateway support node for providing an interface for communicating the internet packets between the mobile user equipment and the packet data network,
the serving support node for controlling communication of the internet packets between the gateway support node and the mobile user equipment using a radio network controller, the radio network controller for providing radio access bearers for communicating the internet packets to and from the mobile user equipment, wherein
the gateway support node in combination with the serving support node for responding to context application request data from the mobile user equipment to establish a virtual communications channel between the gateway support node and the mobile user equipment via the serving support node, the context application request data representing a request for the virtual communications channel for communicating the internet packets containing the different types of data, the context application request data specifying a main set of quality of service parameters and including at least one other data field representing a request for a different set of quality of service parameters, each set of quality of service parameters being provided for one of the different types of data in the internet packet, the virtual communications channel including a bearer for communicating the internet packets between the gateway support node and the serving support node and a plurality of radio access bearers, each of the radio access bearers being provided for one of the different types of payload data of the internet packets, each radio access bearer providing one of the main and other set of quality of service parameters for the different data types specified by the context application request data, and
the serving support node, in response to the context application request data from the mobile user equipment, parses an internet packet addressed to the mobile user equipment comprising an internet protocol header and a plurality of different types of data, to generate a payload data types indicator in which the payload data type indicator is a representation of payload types information describing the different types of payload data in the internet packet addressed to the mobile user equipment and append the payload data types indicator to the internet packet addressed to the mobile user equipment, and
to send the internet packet addressed to the mobile user equipment with the appended payload data types indicator to the radio network controller via the virtual communications channel, and the radio network controller identifies the payload data types indicator, and in accordance with the payload data types indicator, to provide each of the different types of payload data of the internet packet addressed to the mobile user equipment to a corresponding radio bearer.
2. A telecommunications system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the serving support node, in response to the virtual communications channel being established,
communicates radio access request data in accordance with a radio access network application part protocol to the radio network controller, and the radio network controller, in combination with a radio resource control layer, establishes using a medium access control layer one of the radio access bearers for each of the plurality of quality of service parameters specified for the different data type.
3. A telecommunications system as claimed in claim 2, wherein the radio resource control layer
establishes the radio access bearers as a main radio access bearer in accordance with the main quality of service parameters in the medium access control layer, and
establishes the radio access bearer for each of the different data types as a sub flow within the main radio access bearer in the medium access control layer.
4. A telecommunications system as claimed in claim 3, wherein the payload data of the internet packets includes a data frame formed from an adaptive multi-rate speech codec, the data frame providing the plurality of the different types of data.
5. A telecommunications system as claimed in claim 4, wherein the mobile user equipment communicates the context application request data to the gateway support node in accordance with a Packet Data Protocol context activation procedure.
6. A telecommunications system as claimed in claim 3, wherein the mobile user equipment communicates the context application request data to the gateway support node in accordance with a Packet Data Protocol context activation procedure.
7. A telecommunications system as claimed in claim 2, wherein the payload data of the internet packets includes a data frame formed from an adaptive multi-rate speech codec, the data frame providing the plurality of the different types of data.
8. A telecommunications system as claimed in claim 7, wherein the mobile user equipment communicates the context application request data to the gateway support node in accordance with a Packet Data Protocol context activation procedure.
9. A telecommunications system as claimed in claim 2, wherein the mobile user equipment communicates the context application request data to the gateway support node in accordance with a Packet Data Protocol context activation procedure.
10. A telecommunications system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the payload data of the internet packets includes a data frame formed from an adaptive multi-rate speech codec, the data frame providing the plurality of the different types of data.
11. A telecommunications system as claimed in claim 10, wherein the mobile user equipment communicates the context application request data to the gateway support node in accordance with a Packet Data Protocol context activation procedure.
12. A telecommunications system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the mobile user equipment communicates the context application request data to the gateway support node in accordance with a Packet Data Protocol context activation procedure.
13. A method of communicating internet packet data to andor from a mobile user equipment via a packet radio network, payload data of each internet packet comprising a plurality of different types of data, the packet radio network including a gateway support node, a serving support node and a radio network controller the method comprising
using the serving support node of the packet radio network to control communication of the internet packets between the gateway support node and the mobile user equipment using the radio network controller, the radio network controller for providing radio access bearers for communicating the internet packets to and from the mobile user equipment,
communicating context application request data to the gateway support node, the context request data representing a request for a virtual communications channel for communicating the internet packets containing the different types of data via the packet radio network, the context application request data including a data field specifying a main set of quality of service parameters and including at least one other data field representing a request for a different set of quality of service parameters, each of the sets of quality of service parameters being provided for one of the different types of data in the internet packets, and
establishing the virtual communications channel between the gateway support node and the mobile user equipment in response to the context application request data for communicating the internet packet data,
including establishing a plurality of radio access bearers in accordance with each of the sets of the quality of service parameters, each radio access bearer being provided for communicating one of the plurality of different types of payload data of internet data packets,
using the serving support node, in response to the context application request data from the mobile user equipment to parse an internet packet addressed to the mobile user equipment comprising an internet protocol header and a plurality of different types of data, to generate a payload data types indicator in which the payload data types indicator is a representation of payload types information describing the different types of payload data in the internet packet addressed to the mobile user equipment and append the payload data types indicator to the internet packet addressed to the mobile user equipment, and
sending the internet packet addressed to the mobile user equipment with the appended payload data types indicator to the radio network controller via the virtual communications channel, and the radio network controller identifies the payload data types indicator, and in accordance with the payload data types indicator, to provide each of the different types of payload data of the internet packet addressed to the mobile user equipment to a corresponding radio bearer.
14. A method as claimed in claim 13, the establishing the virtual channel comprises
communicating radio access request data in accordance with a radio access network application part protocol to the radio network controller, and
using a medium access control layer of the radio network controller to establish the radio access bearer for each of the plurality of quality of service parameters for one of the different data types.
15. A method as claimed in claim 14, wherein the using the medium access control layer comprises
establishing a main radio access bearer in accordance with the main quality of service parameters in the medium access control layer, and
establishing the radio access bearer for each of the different data types as a sub-flow within the main radio access bearer in the medium access control layer.
16. A method as claimed in claim 15, wherein the payload data of the internet packets includes a data frame formed from an adaptive multi-rate speech coded, the data frame providing the plurality of the different data types of data.
17. A method as claimed in claim 16, wherein the context application request data is communicated in accordance with a Packet Data Protocol context activation procedure.
18. A method as claimed in claim 15, wherein the context application request data is communicated in accordance with a Packet Data Protocol context activation procedure.
19. A method as claimed in claim 14, wherein the payload data of the internet packets includes a data frame formed from an adaptive multi-rate speech coded, the data frame providing the plurality of the different data types of data.
20. A method as claimed in claim 14, wherein the context application request data is communicated in accordance with a Packet Data Protocol context activation procedure.
21. A method as claimed in claim 13, wherein the payload data of the internet packets includes a data frame formed from an adaptive multi-rate speech coded, the data frame providing the plurality of the different data types of data.
22. A method as claimed in claim 21, wherein the context application request data is communicated in accordance with a Packet Data Protocol context activation procedure.
23. A method as claimed in claim 19, wherein the context application request data is communicated in accordance with a Packet Data Protocol context activation procedure.
24. A method as claimed in claim 13, wherein the context application request data is communicated in accordance with a Packet Data Protocol context activation procedure.
25. A radio network controller of a packet radio network for communicating internet packets between a serving support node and a mobile communications user equipment in a telecommunications system according to claim 1, payload data of each of the internet packets comprising a plurality of different types of data, the radio network controller comprising
a radio resource layer for controlling radio resources for communicating the internet packets,
a radio link control layer for controlling a medium access control layer to provide radio access bearers for communicating the internet packets via a radio access interface to the mobile communications user equipment, the radio link control layer providing the radio resources controlled by the radio resource layer, wherein the radio resource layer is responsive to a radio access request data using a radio access network application protocol layer to control the radio link control layer to establish using the medium access control layer a main radio access bearer for one of the different types of data in accordance with a main set of quality of service parameters, and
to establish a radio access bearer for each of the different data types as a sub-flow within the main radio access bearer in the medium access control layer.
26. A mobile user equipment for communicating internet packets, payload data of each of the internet packets data comprising a plurality of different types of data, the mobile user equipment for communicating context application request data to a serving support node of a packet radio network, the context request data representing a request for a virtual communications channel for communicating the internet data packets containing the different types of data, where the request data includes a data field specifying a main set of quality of service parameters and at least one other data field representing a request for at least one other radio access bearer providing a different quality of service parameters, each of the radio access bearers being provided for one of the different types of data in the payload of the internet packets, and wherein
the serving support node, in response to the context application request data from the mobile user equipment,
parses an internet packet addressed to the mobile user equipment comprising an internet protocol header and a plurality of different types of data, to generate a payload data types indicator in which the payload data types indicator is a representation of payload types information describing the different types of payload data in the internet packet addressed to the mobile user equipment and append the payload data types indicator to the internet packet addressed to the mobile user equipment, and
to send the internet packet addressed to the mobile user equipment with the appended payload data types indicator to the radio network controller, and the radio network controller identifies the payload data types indicator, and in accordance with the payload data types indicator, to provide each of the different types of payload data of the internet packet addressed to the mobile user equipment to a corresponding radio bearer.
27. A method of providing a facility for communicating internet packets to andor from a mobile user equipment, payload data of the internet packets comprising a plurality of different types of data, the system comprising a packet radio network which includes a gateway support node, a serving support node and a radio network controller, the method comprising:
communicating internet packets to andor from the mobile user equipment via the packet radio network, the payload data of each of the internet packets comprising the plurality of different types of data, the packet radio network including the gateway support node, the serving support node and the radio network controller,
controlling communication of the internet packets between the gateway support node and the mobile user equipment using the radio network controller, the radio network controller for providing radio access bearers for communicating the internet packets to and from the mobile user equipment,
receiving context application request data, the context application request data representing a request for a virtual communications channel for communicating the internet packets containing the different types of data between the gateway support node and the mobile user equipment, the context application request data including a data field specifying a main set of quality of service parameters and at least one other data field representing a request for a respective set of quality of service parameters, each of the sets of quality of service parameters being provided for one of the different types of data in the internet packets, and
establishing the virtual communications channel in response to the context application request data, including establishing a radio access bearer for each of the sets of quality of service parameters for communicating the different types of payload data in the internet packets,
using the serving support node, in response to the context application request data from the mobile user equipment to parse an internet packet addressed to the mobile user equipment comprising an internet protocol header and a plurality of different types of data, to generate a payload data types indicator in which the payload data types indicator is a representation of payload types information describing the different types of payload data in the internet packet addressed to the mobile user equipment and append the payload data types indicator to the internet packet addressed to the mobile user equipment, and
sending the internet packet addressed to the mobile user equipment with the appended payload data types indicator to the radio network controller, and the radio network controller identifies the payload data types indicator, and in accordance with the payload data types indicator, to provide each of the different types of payload data of the internet packet addressed to the mobile user equipment to a corresponding radio bearer.
28. An apparatus for communicating internet packet data to andor from a mobile user equipment via a gateway support node, the internet packet data carrying a plurality of different types of data, the apparatus comprising
means for communicating the data packets between to the mobile user equipment and the gateway support node,
means for controlling communication of the data packets between the mobile user equipment using a radio network controller, the radio network controller for providing radio access bearers for communicating the internet data packets to and from the mobile user equipment,
means for communicating context application request data to the gateway support node, the context application request data representing a request for a virtual communications channel for communicating the data packets containing the different types of data, the context application request data including a data field specifying a main set of quality of service parameters and at least one other data field representing a request for a different set of quality of service parameters, each of the sets of quality of service parameters being provided for one of the different types of data in the data packet, and
means for establishing the virtual communications channel between the gateway support node and the mobile user equipment in response to the context application request data,
including establishing a radio access bearer in accordance with each of the sets of quality of service parameters for communicating the different types of payload data in the internet packets,
means for, in response to the context application request data from the mobile user equipment, parsing an internet packet addressed to the mobile user equipment comprising an internet protocol header and a plurality of different types of data, and for generating a payload data types indicator in which the payload data types indicator is a representation of payload types information describing the different types of payload data in the internet packet addressed to the mobile user equipment and appending the payload data types indicator to the internet packet addressed to the mobile user equipment, and
means for sending the internet packet addressed to the mobile user equipment with the appended payload data types indicator to the radio network controller, the radio network controller identifies the payload data types indicator, and in accordance with the payload data types indicator, to provide each of the different types of payload data of the internet packet addressed to the mobile user equipment to a corresponding radio bearer.
29. A telecommunications system for providing a facility for communicating internet packets to andor from a mobile user equipment payload data of the internet packets comprising a plurality of different types of data, the system comprising a packet radio network which includes a gateway support node, a serving support node and a radio network controller,
the gateway support node for providing an interface for communicating the internet packets between the user equipment and the packet data network,
the serving support node for controlling communication of the internet packets between the gateway support node and the mobile user equipment using a radio network controller, the radio network controller for providing radio access bearers for communicating the internet packets to and from the user equipment, wherein
the gateway support node in combination with the serving support node, in response to context application request data from the mobile user equipment to establish a virtual communications channel between the gateway support node and the mobile user equipment via the serving support node, the context application request data representing a request for the virtual communications channel for communicating the internet packets containing the different types of data, the context application request data specifying a main set of quality of service parameters and including at least one other data field representing a request for a different set of quality of service parameters, each set of quality of service parameters being provided for one of the different types of data in the internet packet, the virtual communications channel including a bearer for communicating the internet packets between the gateway support node and the serving support node and a plurality of radio access bearers, each of the radio access bearers being provided for one of the different types of payload data of the internet packets, each radio access bearer providing one of the main and other set of quality of service parameters for the different data types specified by the context application request data, wherein
the serving support node comprises
an internet protocol communications layer and
a user data tunnelling layer for providing the virtual communications channel for communicating user data between the mobile user equipment and the gateway support node, wherein the serving support node, in combination with the gateway support node, responds to context application request data from the mobile user equipment
to establish the virtual communications channel between the gateway support node and the mobile user equipment via the serving support node for communicating the internet packets, and
in response to the context application request data including a data field representing main set of quality of service parameters and at least one other data field representing a request for a different set of quality of service parameters, each set of quality of service parameters being required for one of the different types of data in the internet packets,
to establish a plurality of radio access bearers each in accordance with one of the sets of the quality of service parameters, each radio access bearer being provided for one of the different types of payload data of the internet packets.
30. A telecommunication system as claimed in claim 29, wherein the serving support node further comprises
a radio access network application part protocol layer, wherein the serving support node in response to the virtual channel being established through the user data tunnelling layer,
communicates radio access request data using the radio access network application protocol layer to a radio network controller to establish using a medium access control layer of the radio network controller a radio access bearer for each of the different types of data in accordance with a respective set of quality of service parameters.