All The Claims

1. An aqueous dispersion of a vinyl esterethylene copolymer prepared by emulsion copolymerization of a monomer mixture comprising a vinyl ester and ethylene, less than 0.5 ppmw of a surfactant, and a polyvinyl alcohol stabilizing system consisting essentially of (a) about 0.5 to about 3 wt. % based on the total monomer weight of a first polyvinyl alcohol having a degree of hydrolysis of at least 98 mole %, and (b) about 1 to about 4 wt. % based on the total monomer weight of a second polyvinyl alcohol having a degree of hydrolysis of about 85 to about 90 mole % and a weight average molecular weight of at least 85,000 gmol.
2. The dispersion of claim 1, wherein the stabilizing system contains about 1 to about 2 wt. % of said first polyvinyl alcohol based on the total monomer mixture.
3. The dispersion of claim 1, wherein the stabilizing system contains about 2 to about 3 wt. % of a second polyvinyl alcohol based on the total monomer mixture.
4. The dispersion of claim 1, wherein the second polyvinyl alcohol has a weight average molecular weight of about 85,000 to about 125,000 gmol.
5. The dispersion of claim 1 and having a Viscosity Increasing Ratio (VIR) of at least 7 when mixed with 10 wt. % of diisobutyl phthalate.
6. The dispersion of claim 1 and having a viscosity of at least 4000 mPas at 55% solids and 25\xb0 C.
7. The dispersion of claim 1 and containing less than 10 ppmw formaldehyde.
8. The dispersion of claim 1 and having an average particle size between about 2 and about 10 \u03bcm.
9. The dispersion of claim 1, wherein the copolymer contains from about 5 to about 25 wt. % of units derived from ethylene.
10. The dispersion of claim 1, wherein the copolymer contains from about 10 to about 20 wt. % of units derived from ethylene.
11. The dispersion of claim 1, wherein the copolymer contains from about 14 to about 16 wt. % of units derived from ethylene.
12. The dispersion of claim 1, wherein the vinyl ester comprises a vinyl ester of a C1-C13 saturated carboxylic acid.
13. The dispersion of claim 1, wherein the vinyl ester comprises vinyl acetate.
14. An adhesive formulation comprising the aqueous dispersion of claim 1.

The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.

1. A system of miniature lenses, the system comprising:
a substrate comprising one or more patterns, wherein each of the patterns includes a repeating unit; and
a plurality of miniature lenses disposed on the substrate,
wherein a size of the repeating unit corresponds to a size of the miniature lenses,
wherein at least one of the patterns comprises elevated structures at regular intervals, and
wherein each of the miniature lenses is disposed between the elevated structures.
2. A method of making the system of miniature lenses of claim 1, the method comprising:
providing a film on a substrate comprising one or more patterns, each of the patterns including a repeating unit, and wherein the film comprises a polymer;
transitioning the polymer to a viscous state to form a viscous state polymer;
facilitating the formation of a plurality of miniature lenses from the viscous state polymer; and
transitioning the viscous state polymer in the miniature lenses from the viscous state to a rigid state, wherein a size of the repeating unit corresponds to a size of the miniature lenses,
whereby said system of miniature lenses is formed.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein transitioning the polymer to viscous state comprises: reducing the glass transition temperature of the polymer andor heating the polymer above the glass transition temperature of the polymer.
4. The method of claim 3, wherein reducing the glass transition temperature of the polymer comprises: contacting the polymer with a solvent effective to reduce the glass transition temperature of the polymer.
5. The method of claim 4, wherein the solvent comprises water and one or more organic solvents selected from the group consisting of: acetone, methyl-ethyl ketone, tetrahydrofuran, andor combinations thereof.
6. The method of claim 5, wherein the solvent comprises water in a range of about 30% to about 90% by volume, acetone in a range of about 5% to about 20% by volume, and methyl-ethyl ketone in a range of about 20% to about 40% by volume.
7. The method of claim 4, wherein transitioning the polymer in the miniature lenses to the rigid state comprises: removing the solvent from polymer andor cooling the polymer below the glass transition temperature.
8. The method of claim 2, wherein the polymer comprises one or more polymers selected from the group consisting of: polystyrene, polyacrylates, polymethacrylates, poly(vinyl ethers), polybutadiene, andor combinations thereof.
9. The method of claim 8, wherein the polymer is selected from the group consisting of: polystyrene, polymethylmethacrylate, andor combinations thereof.
10. The method of claim 2, wherein at least one of the patterns in the substrate comprises a plurality of structures positioned at predetermined intervals.
11. The method of claim 10, wherein the predetermined intervals are less than about 1,000 \u03bcm.
12. The method of claim 2, wherein the film is less than about 200 nm in thickness.
13. The method of claim 2, wherein the miniature lenses comprise lenses having a diameter in a range of about 200 nm to about 10 \u03bcm.
14. The method of claim 2, wherein the miniature lenses are generally spherical in shape.
15. The system of claim 1, wherein the plurality of miniature lenses each comprise at least 50% by weight of one or more common polymers.
16. The system of claim 15, wherein the one or more common polymers are selected from the group consisting of polystyrene, polyacrylates, polymethacrylates, poly(vinyl ethers), polybutadiene, andor combinations thereof.
17. The system of claim 16, wherein the common polymer is selected from the group consisting of polystyrene, polymethylmethacrylate, andor combinations thereof.
18. The system of claim 1, wherein at least one of the patterns comprises a plurality of structures positioned at predetermined intervals.
19. The system of claim 1, wherein the substrate comprises a silicon layer.
20. The system of claim 1, wherein the miniature lenses are generally spherical in shape.
21. The system of miniature lenses of claim 1, wherein:
the plurality of miniature lenses have an average contact angle in the range from about 50\xb0 to about 150\xb0; and
each of the plurality of miniature lenses have a contact angle in the range from about 80% to about 120% of the average contact angle.
22. A method of making the system of miniature lenses of claim 21, the method comprising:
providing a film on a substrate, wherein the film comprises a polymer;
transitioning the polymer to a viscous state to form a viscous state polymer;
facilitating the formation of a plurality of miniature lenses from the viscous state polymer; and
transitioning the viscous state polymer in the miniature lenses from the viscous state to a rigid state, wherein the plurality of miniature lenses have an average contact angle in the range from about 50\xb0 to about 150\xb0, and each of the plurality of miniature lenses have a contact angle in the range from about 80% to about 120% of the average contact angle
whereby said system of miniature lenses is formed.
23. The system of claim 1, wherein each of the miniature lenses is approximately equidistant to three or more of the elevated structures nearest to each miniature lens.
24. The system of claim 1, wherein at least one of the patterns comprises a rhombic lattice, a hexagonal lattice, a rectangular lattice, or a parrallelogrammic lattice.
25. The system of claim 1, further comprising:
a solvent, wherein the plurality of miniature lenses and the substrate are immersed in the solvent.
26. A system of miniature lenses, the system comprising:
a substrate comprising one or more patterns, wherein each of the patterns includes a repeating unit; and
a plurality of miniature lenses disposed on the substrate,
wherein a size of the repeating unit corresponds to a size of the miniature lenses,
wherein the miniature lenses comprise lenses having a diameter in a range of about 200 nm to about 10 \u03bcm.
27. The system of claim 26, wherein each of the plurality of miniature lenses have a diameter in the range from about 80% to about 120% of the average diameter.
28. The system of claim 26, wherein the plurality of miniature lenses have an average contact angle in the range from about 30\xb0 to about 150\xb0, and each of the plurality of miniature lenses have a contact angle in the range from about 80% to about 120% of the average contact angle.
29. The system of claim 26, wherein the plurality of miniature lenses have an average contact angle in the range from about 50\xb0 to about 150\xb0.

1. A method of deploying content to mobile client applications, comprising:
accepting inbound messages from a mobile client application running on a mobile client device via a proxy IPport;
packaging said inbound messages into an internal message format with an HTTP redirector, wherein said HTTP redirector, provided at said mobile client device, accesses a library of mobile services to obtain information about a wireless protocol supported by said mobile client device;
forwarding said packaged message from said mobile client device to a back-end server over a non-IP protocol network, said non-IP protocol being adapted to support at least one of message segmentation, message segmentation reassembly, message retries and message duplication;
receiving a response from a web server;
packaging said response from said web server into said internal message format with said back-end server;
forwarding said response to said HTTP redirector; and
transferring said response to said mobile client application running on said mobile client device via said proxy IP port.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein:
said library of mobile services are stored at said mobile client device.
3. The method according to claim 1, wherein:
said HTTP redirector acts as a client side proxy.
4. The method according to claim 1, wherein:
said HTTP redirector provides compression of said inbound packaged message.
5. The method according to claim 1, wherein:
said HTTP redirector provides decompression of said response.
6. The method according to claim 1, wherein:
said HTTP redirector unpacks said packaged response.
7. A method of deploying content to mobile client applications, comprising:
accepting inbound messages from a mobile client application running on a mobile client device via a proxy IPport;
accessing a HTTP redirector acting as a mobile client-side proxy;
packaging said inbound messages into an internal message format with said HTTP redirector, wherein said HTTP redirector, provided at said mobile client device, accesses a library of mobile services to obtain information about a wireless protocol supported by said mobile client device;
forwarding said packaged message to a back-end server via a message router over a non-IP protocol network, said non-IP protocol being adapted to support at least one of message segmentation, message segmentation reassembly, message retries and message duplication;
receiving a response from a Web server over said non-IP protocol network;
packaging said response into said internal message format by said back-end server; and
forwarding said packaged response to said HTTP redirector via a message router and a protocol gateway.
8. The method according to claim 7, further comprising:
unpacking said packaged response by said HTTP redirector; and
transferring said unpacked response to said mobile client application running on said client device via said proxy IPport.
9. The method according to claim 7, wherein:
said HTTP redirector, provided at said mobile client device, accesses a library of mobile services in order to obtain information about a non-IP wireless protocol supported by said mobile client device.
10. A wireless device for communicating with a server via a non-IP protocol wireless network, comprising:
a browser generating a request;
a proxy IPport; and
a redirector receiving said request via said proxy IPport and packaging said request with a wireless protocol used by said non-IP protocol wireless network, wherein said redirector accesses a library of mobile services to obtain information about said wireless protocol supported by said wireless device, said protocol being adapted to support at least one of message segmentation, message segmentation reassembly, message retries and message duplication.
11. The device according to claim 10, wherein:
said request is an HTTP request.
12. The device according to claim 10, wherein:
said redirector acts as a client side proxy.
13. A method of communicating HTTP requests over a non-IP protocol wireless network using a non-IP protocol, comprising:
sending an HTTP request from a web browser on a wireless device;
intercepting said HTTP request with a redirector;
packaging said HTTP request into a message format used by said non-IP protocol wireless network with said redirector, wherein said redirector, provided at said client device, accesses a library of mobile services to obtain information about a wireless protocol supported by said wireless device;
sending said packaged request over said wireless network to a proxy server; and
fulfilling said request from said proxy server;
wherein said non-IP protocol is adapted to support at least one of message segmentation, message segmentation reassembly, message retries and message duplication.
14. The method according to claim 13, further comprising:
unpacking said request and sending said request to an appropriate web server with said proxy server.
15. The method according to claim 13, further comprising:
sending an HTTP request from a proxy server to an appropriate web server;
receiving a response to said request;
packaging said response into a message format used by said wireless network;
sending said packaged response to a redirector;
unpacking said packaged response with said redirector; and
providing said response to a web browser.
16. A messaging system, comprising:
a mobile client device comprising a web browser and a redirector communicating with said web browser, said redirector packaging a message said web browser into a fundamental non-IP network protocol and from accessing a library of mobile services to obtain information about a wireless protocol supported by said mobile client device, said non-IP network protocol being adapted to support at least one of message segmentation, message segmentation reassembly, message retries and message duplication;
a Web server;
a plurality of wireless networks adapted to communicate messages between said mobile client device and said Web server and to support one or more non-IP wireless network protocols;
a protocol gateway encapsulating said fundamental non-IP network protocol, said fundamental non-IP network protocol underlining each of said one or more wireless network protocols; and
a communicator to communicate messages between said web browser and said Web server over said non-IP wireless network protocol through said protocol gateway independent of a selected wireless network protocol.
17. The messaging system according to claim 16, wherein:
said Web server is an HTTP proxy server adapted to receive a plurality of HTTP requests from said mobile client device, send each said request over said Internet to said server and transmit a response corresponding thereto from said server to said mobile client device.
18. The messaging system according to claim 17, wherein:
said HTTP proxy server is adapted to support one or more HTTP protocols.
19. The messaging system according to claim 16, wherein:
said HTTP proxy server comprises a creator to create a TCPIP socket connection and a manager to manage said TCPIP socket connection.
20. The system according to claim 16, wherein:
said redirector at said mobile client device accesses a library of mobile services to obtain information about said network protocol supported by said mobile client device.
21. A method of receiving content at a mobile client application, comprising:
receiving HTTP content at said mobile client application over a non-IP protocol network;
redirecting said HTTP content in said non-IP protocol to a content packager, said non-IP protocol being adapted to support at least one of message segmentation, message segmentation reassembly, message retries and message duplication;
packing said HTTP content for presentation at said mobile client application; and
presenting said HTTP content to said mobile client application.
22. The method according to claim 21, wherein said step of redirecting further comprises:
acting as a client side proxy.
23. The method according to claim 21, wherein said step of redirecting further comprises:
decompressing of said HTTP content.
24. A method of deploying HTTP content to an Internet server, comprising:
deploying HTTP content to said Internet server;
redirecting said HTTP content to a non-IP protocol in a content packager, said non-IP protocol being adapted to support at least one of message segmentation, message segmentation reassembly, message retries and message duplication;
packing said HTTP content for presentation to a non-IP network; and
presenting said HTTP content to said non-IP network.
25. The method according to claim 24, wherein said step of redirecting further comprises:
acting as a client side proxy.
26. The method according to claim 24, wherein said step of redirecting further comprises:
compressing of said HTTP content.
27. Apparatus for deploying HTTP content to an Internet server, comprising:
a deployer to deploy HTTP content to said Internet server;
a redirector to redirect said HTTP content to a non-IP protocol in a content packager, said non-IP protocol being adapted to support at least one of message segmentation, message segmentation reassembly, message retries and message duplication;
a packager to package said HTTP content for presentation to a non-IP network; and
a presenter to present said HTTP content to said non-IP network.
28. The apparatus according to claim 27, wherein:
said redirector further acts as a client side proxy.
29. The apparatus according to claim 27, wherein:
said redirector compresses said HTTP content.
30. Apparatus for deploying HTTP content to an Internet server, comprising:
means for deploying HTTP content to said Internet server;
means for redirecting said HTTP content to a non-IP protocol in a content packager, said non-IP protocol being adapted to support at least one of message segmentation, message segmentation reassembly, message retries and message duplication;
means for packing said HTTP content for presentation to a non-IP network; and
means for presenting said HTTP content to said non-IP network.
31. The apparatus according to claim 30, wherein said means for redirecting further comprises:
means for acting as a client side proxy.
32. The method according to claim 30, wherein said means for redirecting further comprises:
means for compression of said HTTP content.
33. Apparatus for receiving content at a mobile client application, comprising:
a receiver to receive HTTP content at said mobile client application over a non-IP protocol network;
a redirector to redirect said HTTP content in said non-IP protocol to a content packager, said non-IP protocol being adapted to support at least one of message segmentation, message segmentation reassembly, message retries and message duplication;
a packager to package said HTTP content for presentation at said mobile client application; and
a presenter to present said HTTP content to said mobile client application.
34. The apparatus according to claim 33, wherein:
said redirector further acts as a client side proxy.
35. The apparatus according to claim 33, wherein:
said redirector decompresses said HTTP content.
36. Apparatus for receiving content at a mobile client application, comprising:
means for receiving HTTP content at said mobile client application over a non-IP protocol network;
means for redirecting said HTTP content in said non-IP protocol to a content packager, said non-IP protocol being adapted to support at least one of message segmentation, message segmentation reassembly, message retries and message duplication;
means for packing said HTTP content for presentation at said mobile client application; and
means for presenting said HTTP content to said mobile client application.
37. The apparatus according to claim 36, further comprising:
means for acting as a client side proxy.
38. The apparatus according to claim 36, further comprising:
means for decompressing of said HTTP content.
The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.

1. A toy system to be used by a child or children; said toy system comprising:
a) a ride-on toy; said ride-on toy foot powered, or battery powered, or gasoline powered, or otherwise powered; said ride-on toy is equipped with a toy control unit; said toy control unit is equipped to perform wireless communication with a wireless remote control unit; said wireless communication use an RF (radio frequency) communication, or an IR (infra-red) communication, or any other type of wireless communication;
b) a wireless remote control unit; said wireless remote control unit is equipped to perform wireless communication with said toy control unit; said wireless communication use an RF (radio frequency) communication, or an IR (infra-red) communication, or any other type of wireless communication;
wherein the said toy control unit is further equipped to perform at least one control function over the said ride-on toy;
and wherein the said wireless remote control unit is further equipped to instruct the said toy control unit, via wireless communication, to perform said control functions;
and wherein selected essential control function instructions will operate over a distance that is longer than a maximal distance allowed for non essential control function instructions to operate.
2. The toy system as set forth in claim 1, wherein the said control functions include making the said ride-on toy stop.
3. The toy system as set forth in claim 1, wherein the said control functions include making the said ride-on toy slow down.
4. The toy system as set forth in claim 1, wherein the said control functions include enabling the said ride-on toy to be operated freely.
5. A toy system to be used by a child or children; said toy system comprising:
a) a ride-on toy; said ride-on toy foot powered, or battery powered, or gasoline powered, or otherwise powered; said ride-on toy is equipped with a toy control unit; said toy control unit is equipped to perform wireless communication with a wireless remote control unit; said wireless communication use an RF (radio frequency) communication, or an IR (infra-red) communication, or any other type of wireless communication;
b) a wireless remote control unit; said wireless remote control unit is equipped to perform wireless communication with said toy control unit; said wireless communication use an RF (radio frequency) communication, or an IR (infra-red) communication, or any other type of wireless communication;
wherein the said toy control unit with said wireless remote control unit are further equipped to detect the distance between the said ride-on toy and said wireless remote control unit; said distance is detected by sensing the power of the received wireless communication signals, or by measuring the round-trip communication propagation delay time.
6. The toy system as set forth in claim 5, wherein the said toy control unit with said wireless remote control unit are further equipped to set a predetermined limit over said distance; said limit can be factory set, or can be fixed by the user.
7. The toy system as set forth in claim 6, wherein the said toy control unit or said wireless remote control unit are further equipped to indicate an alert when the said distance reaches the said limit.
8. The toy system as set forth in claim 6, wherein the said toy control unit is further equipped to make the said ride-on toy stop when the said distance reaches the said limit.
9. A method for remotely controlling a ride-on toy; said ride-on toy equipped with a toy control unit; said ride-on toy foot powered, or battery powered, or gasoline powered, or otherwise powered; said method comprising:
a) setting at least one controlling instruction by operating a wireless remote control unit;
b) exchanging information between the said wireless remote control unit and the said toy control unit performing wireless communication; said wireless communication use an RF (radio frequency) communication, or an IR (infra-red) communication, or any other type of wireless communication;
c) activating at least one control function over the ride-on toy;
wherein selected essential control function instructions will operate over a distance that is longer than a maximal distance allowed for non essential control function instructions to operate.
10. The method as set forth in claim 9, wherein the said control functions include making the said ride-on toy stop.
11. The method as set forth in claim 9, wherein the said control functions include making the said ride-on toy slow down.
12. The method as set forth in claim 9, wherein the said control functions include enabling the said ride-on toy to be operated freely.
13. A ride-on-toy-controlling-system whereby one may gain some control over a ride-on toy; said ride-on-toy-controlling-system comprising:
a) a toy control unit; said toy control unit is adapted to be installed within a ride-on toy; said toy control unit is equipped to perform wireless communication with a wireless remote control unit; said wireless communication use an RF (radio frequency) communication, or an IR (infra-red) communication, or any other type of wireless communication;
b) a wireless remote control unit; said wireless remote control unit is equipped to perform wireless communication with said toy control unit; said wireless communication use an RF (radio frequency) communication, or an IR (infra-red) communication, or any other type of wireless communication;
wherein the said toy control unit is further equipped to perform at least one control function over the said ride-on toy;
and wherein the said wireless remote control unit is further equipped to instruct the said toy control unit, via wireless communication, to perform said control functions;
and wherein selected essential control function instructions will operate over a distance that is longer than a maximal distance allowed for non essential control function instructions to operate.
14. A toy system to be used by a child or children; said toy system comprising:
a) a ride-on toy; said ride-on toy foot powered, or battery powered, or gasoline powered or otherwise powered; said ride-on toy is equipped with a toy control unit; said toy control unit is equipped to perform wireless communication with a wireless remote control unit; said wireless communication use an RF (radio frequency) communication, use an IR (infra-red) communication, or any other type of wireless communication;
b) a wireless remote control unit; said wireless remote control unit is equipped to perform wireless communication with said toy control unit; said wireless communication use an RF (radio frequency) communication, or an IR (infra-red) communication, or any other type of wireless communication;
wherein the said toy control unit is further equipped to perform at least one control function over the said ride-on toy;
and wherein the said wireless remote control unit is further equipped to instruct the said toy control unit, via wireless communication, to perform said control functions;
and wherein said wireless remote control unit with said toy control unit are further equipped to perform said wireless communication automatically and repeatedly;
and wherein said toy control unit is further equipped to automatically perform at least one control function over said ride-on toy in case said wireless communication is not received.
15. A method for remotely controlling a ride-on toy; said ride-on toy equipped with a toy control unit; said ride-on toy foot powered, or battery powered, or gasoline powered, or otherwise powered; said method comprising:
a) setting the controlling instructions by operating a wireless remote control unit;
b) repeatedly and automatically performing wireless communication between said wireless remote control unit and said toy control unit; said wireless communication use an RF (radio frequency) communication, or an IR (infra-red) communication, or any other type of wireless communication;
c) said toy control unit automatically activating at least one control function over said ride-on toy in case said wireless communication is not received;
d) said toy control unit activating at least one control function over said ride-on toy, according to instructions received via said wireless communication.
16. A ride-on-toy-controlling-system whereby one may gain some control over a ride-on toy; said ride-on-toy-controlling-system comprising:
a) a toy control unit; said toy control unit is adapted to be installed within a ride-on toy; said toy control unit is equipped to perform wireless communication with a wireless remote control unit; said wireless communication use an RF (radio frequency) communication, or an IR (infra-red) communication, or any other type of wireless communication;
b) a wireless remote control unit; said wireless remote control unit is equipped to perform wireless communication with said toy control unit; said wireless communication use an RF (radio frequency) communication, or an IR (infra-red) communication, or any other type of wireless communication;
wherein the said toy control unit is further equipped to perform at least one control function over the said ride-on toy;
and wherein the said wireless remote control unit is further equipped to instruct the said toy control unit, via wireless communication, to perform said control functions;
and wherein said wireless remote control unit with said toy control unit are further equipped to perform said wireless communication automatically and repeatedly;
and wherein said toy control unit is further equipped to automatically perform at least one control function over said ride-on toy in case said wireless communication is not received.