All The Claims

1. A solar powered refrigeration system comprising: a first subsystem comprising a compressor, an evaporator, a condenser, and an expansion valve, and a first refrigerant cycling through each element of the first subsystem; a second subsystem comprising a solar compressor and a second heat exchanger, and a second refrigerant circulating through the solar compressor and the second heat exchanger, where the second refrigerant is different from the first refrigerant, and wherein the second refrigerant is solar heated by the solar compressor to superheat the second refrigerant, wherein the superheated second refrigerant from the second subsystem transfers energy to the first subsystem at the solar compressor to reduce, but not eliminate, a load on the compressor of the first subsystem, the solar compressor having a parabolic reflector controllably oriented so as to optimally direct sunlight to heat a conduit containing the second refrigerant; wherein the efficiency of the first system is increased by reducing an electrical power requirement of the compressor of the first subsystem by using superheated refrigerant generated by the second subsystem.
2. The solar powered refrigeration system of claim 1, further comprising in the first subsystem a co-generation heat exchanger.
3. The solar powered refrigeration system of claim 1 wherein the second refrigerant has a boiling temperature below a boiling temperature of the first refrigerant.
4. The solar powered refrigeration system of claim 1 further comprising a set of rotating blades at an exit of the parabolic reflector to accelerate vaporized second refrigerant.

The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.

1. A method for generating execution trace data for a program that executes on a target machine, comprising:
determining each block in object code for the program;
determining each block in object code for the program to be instrumented, wherein at least one block in object code for the program is instrumented for executing on the target machine; and
associating each instrumented object code block with a unique memory address of the target machine, such that, if an instrumented object code block is executed, trace data is written to a memory location based on the unique memory address associated with the instrumented object code block; and
employing a stop bit technique to enable more than one instrumentation points to be associated with a unique memory address, wherein one of said unique memory address bits are reserved as a stop bit.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the program is an application program.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the method is performed by way of an automated process.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the instrumenting of the at least one object code block is performed at link time by one of a linker and another facility.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein the instrumenting of the at least one object code block is performed after link time.
6. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
executing the program on the target machine; and
collecting the trace data from the instrumented object code block.
7. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
employing an addressing mode for a target machine architecture for the program to enable the memory location to be accessed with a single instruction.
8. The method of claim 1, wherein instrumenting the object code block further comprises:
determining function boundaries for the object code of the program;
determining instruction boundaries for at least one function in the object code of the program;
determining effects of an instruction on the target machine for the object code of the program;
locating boundaries of basic blocks;
constructing at least one of a control flow graph and a procedure call graph;

and determining each basic block to be instrumented.
9. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
reserving a range of memory locations for writes by instrumentation instructions.
10. The method of claim 1, wherein instrumenting the at least one object code block further comprises employing a machine-independent model of instructions.
11. The method of claim 1, wherein instrumenting the object code block further comprises determining whether it is statically inferable that the first instruction of a function is executed.
12. The method of claim 8, wherein determining whether to instrument the basic block further comprises determining whether it is statically inferable that predecessors of the basic block is executed.
13. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
instrumenting object code for an operating system for the target machine for the program.
14. A system for generating execution trace data for a program, comprising:
a host machine on which object code for the program is instrumented, wherein each instrumented object code block in the object code is associated with a unique memory address, such that, if an instrumented object code block is executed, data is written to a memory location based on the unique memory address associated with the instrumented object code block and a stop bit technique is employed to enable more than one instrumentation points to be associated with a unique memory address, wherein one of said unique memory address bits are reserved as a stop bit; and
a target machine on which the object code for the program executes and on which the trace data is generated;
wherein at least one of the target machine and the host machine comprises a processor and a memory.
15. The system of claim 14, wherein the target machine is a virtual machine running on the host machine.
16. The system of claim 14, further comprising a trace probe device coupled between the target machine and the host machine, wherein the trace probe device collects and buffers the trace data from the target machine and transmits the trace data to the host machine.
17. The system of claim 14 wherein the trace probe device is simulated in a virtual machine running on the host machine.
18. An apparatus for generating execution trace data for a program, the apparatus comprising:
a trace probe device coupled between a target machine and a host machine, wherein the trace probe device collects a plurality of trace data writes to memory locations on a target machine and transfers the data writes to a host machine, the trace data writes being generated in accordance with
a plurality of instrumentation points in the instrumented object code for the program, wherein each instrumentation point is associated with a unique memory address and a stop bit technique is employed to enable more than one instrumentation points to be associated with a unique memory address, wherein one of said unique memory address bits are reserved as a stop bit;
wherein at least one of the trace probe device, the target machine and the host machine comprises a processor and a memory.
19. The apparatus of claim 18, further comprising:
instrumenting object code for an operating system for the target machine that enables the execution of the program; and
collecting trace data generated by the operating system’s instrumented object code during the execution of the program.
20. A method for generating execution trace data for a computer program, comprising:
identifying sections of object code for an operating system for a target machine, wherein the sections control address space switching and context switching;
instrumenting the sections of the operating system object code;
associating an instrumented operating system object code block with a unique memory address, such that, if the operating system object code block is executed, trace data is written to a memory location of the target machine based on the unique memory address associated with the instrumented operating system object code block; and
employing a stop bit technique to enable more than one instrumentation points to be associated with a unique memory address, wherein one of said unique memory address bits are reserved as a stop bit.
21. The method of claim 20, further comprising:
reserving a range of memory locations for writes by instrumentation instructions in the operating system object code.
22. The method of claim 20, further comprising:
reconstructing the instrumented operating system object code; and
transferring the instrumented operating system object code to the target machine.
23. The method of claim 20, further comprising:
employing a stop bit technique to indicate whether one of a kernel process and a non-kernel task are running.
24. The method of claim 20, wherein instrumenting the sections of the operating system object code further comprises generating a store instruction that includes an offset value representing one of an address space ID and a task ID.
25. The method of claim 20, wherein instrumenting the sections of the operating system is performed manually.
26. The method of claim 20, wherein the operating system is a memory-protected operating system.
27. The method of claim 20, wherein the computer program is an application program.
28. The method of claim 20, further comprising:
instrumenting object code for the computer program; and
associating an instrumented object code block of the computer program with a memory location, such that, if the computer program object code block is executed, trace data is written to the memory location.
29. A system for generating execution trace data for a computer program, comprising:
a target machine on which object code for the computer program executes and on which the trace data is generated; and
a host machine on which object code for an operating system for the target machine is instrumented, wherein the instrumented operating system object code controls address space switching and context switching, and wherein the trace data includes information collected from the instrumented operating system object code, and wherein each instrumented object code block in the object code is associated with a unique memory address and a stop bit technique is employed to enable more than one instrumentation points to be associated with a unique memory address, wherein one of said unique memory address bits are reserved as a stop bit, such that, if an instrumented object code block is executed, data is written to a memory location based on the unique memory address associated with the instrumented object code block;
wherein at least one of the target machine and the host machine comprises a processor and a memory.
30. The system of claim 29, wherein the target machine is a virtual machine running on the host machine.
31. The system of claim 30, further comprising a trace probe device coupled between the target machine and the host machine, wherein the trace probe device collects and buffers the trace data from the target machine and transmits the trace data to the host machine.
32. The system of claim 31 wherein the trace probe device is simulated on a virtual machine running on the host machine.
33. An apparatus for generating execution trace data for a computer program, the apparatus comprising:
a trace probe device coupled between a target machine and a host machine, wherein the trace probe device collects a plurality of trace data writes to memory locations on a target machine and transfers the data writes to a host machine, the trace data writes being generated in accordance with instrumentation points in the instrumented object code for an operating system for the target machine, wherein each instrumentation point is associated with a unique memory address and a stop bit technique is employed to enable more than one instrumentation points to be associated with a unique memory address, wherein one of said unique memory address bits are reserved as a stop bit;
wherein at least one of the trace probe device, the target machine and the host machine comprises a processor and a memory.
34. The apparatus of claim 33, further comprising:
instrumenting object code for a program that executes on the target machine; and
collecting trace data generated by at least the program’s instrumented object code during the execution of the program.

1. A computer-implemented method for providing promotional information relating to a video, the method comprising:
providing a video bookmark relating to a video to a member of an Internet-based social network services (SNS) from another member of the SNS according to privacy rules of the SNS, wherein the video bookmark marks a time point in the video and activating the video bookmark causes playback of the video from the marked time point; and
additionally providing to the SNS member promotional data relating to the marked time point in the video, wherein the promotional information is attached to the provided video bookmark.
2. The method of claim 1 wherein the video is provided to the SNS member by a video source, the video bookmark is maintained by a metadata service, and the metadata service is operated by an entity different than entities operating the social network service and the video source.
3. The method of claim 1 wherein the promotional data relates to a product shown in the video at the marked time point.
4. The method of claim 1 wherein the promotional data relates to a service shown in the video at the marked time point.
5. The method of claim 1 wherein the promotional data is for a product placement in the video at the marked time point.
6. The method of claim 1 wherein the promotional data relates to a content of the video at the marked time point.
7. The method of claim 1 wherein the promotional data is an advertisement relating to a content of the video at the marked time point.
8. The method of claim 1 wherein activating the promotional data provides to the SNS member additional promotional information.
9. The method of claim 1 wherein the promotional data is a QR code.
10. The method of claim 1 wherein the promotional data is a bar code.
11. The method of claim 1 wherein the promotional data is a web link.
12. The method of claim 1 further comprising:
automatically generating the promotional data when the video bookmark is created.
13. The method of claim 1 wherein the video bookmark includes a thumbnail of a frame of the video from the marked time point.
14. The method of claim 1 further comprising:
additionally providing to the SNS member social data from other SNS members relating to the marked time point in the video.
15. The method of claim 14 wherein the social data includes at least one of other SNS members’ comments about the video, annotations on the video added by other SNS members, other SNS members’ recommendations, other SNS members’ preferences, other SNS members’ likesdislikes, and sharingcollaborations between SNS members.
16. The method of claim 1 wherein one of the social network services is one of Facebook, Twitter, an instant messaging service, a chat service or other messaging service.
17. A computer program product for use with a computer, the computer program product comprising a non-transitory computer usable medium having a computer program code embodied therein for providing promotional information relating to a video, the computer program code performing the steps of:
providing a video bookmark relating to a video to a member of an Internet-based social network services (SNS) from another member of the SNS according to privacy rules of the SNS, wherein the video bookmark marks a time point in the video and activating the video bookmark causes playback of the video from the marked time point; and
additionally providing to the SNS member promotional data relating to the marked time point in the video, wherein the promotional information is attached to the provided video bookmark.
18. The computer program product of claim 17, wherein the video is provided to the SNS member by a video source, the video bookmark is maintained by a metadata service, and the metadata service is operated by an entity different than entities operating the social network service and the video source.

The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.

1. A method for detecting signals in a transition minimized differential signal (TMDS) transmission system, a channel of the TMDS system established between a receiver and a transmitter, the method comprising:
separating loadings of the receiver from the channel;
providing a first reference current in a first differential line of the channel;
providing a second reference current in a second differential line of the channel;
computing a difference between the first reference current and a current provided by the transmitter via the first differential line to obtain a first current difference;
computing a difference between the second reference current and a current provided by the transmitter via the second differential line to obtain a second current difference; and
determining an operating state of the transmitter according to the first current difference and the second current difference.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the channel is utilized for transmitting a differential clock signal.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the channel is utilized for transmitting a differential data signal.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein a summation of the first reference current and the second reference current is greater than a summation of current received by the transmitter via the first differential line and the second differential line when the transmitter is in standby, and is less than the summation of current received by the transmitter via the first differential line and the second differential line when the transmitter transmits data.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein determining the operating state of the transmitter according to the first current difference and the second current difference comprises:
performing a lowpass filtered operation on a first node voltage and a second node voltage to generate a lowpass filtering result; and
determining the operating state of the transmitter according to the lowpass filtered result;
wherein the first node voltage corresponds to the first current difference, and the second node voltage corresponds to the second current difference.
6. The method of claim 5, wherein determining the operating state of the transmitter according to the lowpass filtered result comprises determining the operating state of the transmitter according to an inverted lowpass filtered result.
7. The method of claim 5, wherein determining the operating state of the transmitter according to the lowpass filtered result comprises determining that the transmitter is operating in a standby state when the lowpass filtered result indicates that a summation of the first current difference and the second current difference is greater than a default value.
8. The method of claim 5, wherein determining the operating state of the transmitter according to the lowpass filtered result comprises determining the transmitter is operating in a transmitting state when the lowpass filtered result indicates that the summation of the first current difference and the second current difference is less than the default value.
9. A device for detecting signals in a transition minimized differential signal (TMDS) transmission system, a channel of the TMDS system between a receiver and a transmitter, the device comprising:
a separation device for separating loadings of the receiver from the channel;
a first current source for providing a first reference current in a first differential line of the channel;
a second current source for providing a second reference current in a second differential line of the channel; and
a determination module coupled to the first current source, the second current source, the first differential line and the second differential line for determining an operating state of the transmitter according to a first current difference and a second current difference;
wherein the first current difference is a difference between the first reference current and a current provided by the transmitter via the first differential line, and the second current difference is a difference between the second reference current and a current provided by the transmitter via the second differential line.
10. The device of claim 9, wherein the channel is utilized for transmitting a differential clock signal.
11. The device of claim 9, wherein the channel is utilized for transmitting a differential data signal.
12. The device of claim 9, wherein a summation of the first reference current and the second reference current is greater than a current received by the transmitter when the transmitter is in standby, and is less than a current received by the transmitter when the transmitter transmits data.
13. The device of claim 9, wherein the determination module comprises:
a lowpass filter for performing a lowpass filtering operation on a first node voltage and a second node voltage, to generate a lowpass filtered result; and
a determination unit coupled to the lowpass filter for determining the operating state of the transmitter according to the lowpass filtered result;
wherein the first node voltage corresponds to the first current difference, and the second node voltage corresponds to the second current difference.
14. The device of claim 13, wherein the determination unit is utilized for determining the transmitter is operating in a standby state when the lowpass filtered result indicates that a summation of the first current difference and the second current difference is greater than a default value.
15. The device of claim 13, wherein the determination unit is utilized for determining the transmitter is operating in a transmitting state when the lowpass filtered result indicates that the summation of the first current difference and the second current difference is less than the default value.
16. The device of claim 9, wherein the determination module comprises:
a lowpass filter for performing a lowpass filtering operation on a first node voltage and a second node voltage, to generate a lowpass filtered result;
an inverter coupled to the lowpass filter for inverting the lowpass filtered result, to generate an inverted signal; and
a determination unit coupled to the lowpass filter for determining the operating state of the transmitter according to the inverted signal;
wherein the first node voltage corresponds to the first current difference, and the second node voltage corresponds to the second current difference.
17. The device of claim 9, wherein the device is installed in the receiver.
18. A method for detecting signals in a transition minimized differential signal (TMDS) transmission system, a channel of the TMDS system between a receiver and a transmitter, the method comprising:
acquiring a first voltage of a first differential line of the channel;
acquiring a second voltage of a second differential line of the channel;
computing a peak voltage of the first voltage and the second voltage; and
determining an operating state of the transmitter according to the peak voltage.
19. The method of claim 18, wherein computing the peak voltage of the first voltage and the second voltage comprises rectifying the first voltage and the second voltage to acquire the peak voltage.
20. The method of claim 18, wherein determining the operating state of the transmitter according to the peak voltage comprises:
generating a reference voltage;
comparing the peak voltage and the reference voltage to generate a comparison result; and
determining the operating state of the transmitter according to the comparison result.
21. The method of claim 20, wherein determining the operating state of the transmitter according to the comparison result comprises determining the transmitter is operating in a transmitting state when the comparison result indicates that the peak voltage is greater than the reference voltage.
22. The method of claim 20, wherein determining the operating state of the transmitter according to the comparison result comprises determining the transmitter is operating in a standby state when the comparison result indicates that the peak voltage is less than the reference voltage.
23. The method of claim 18, wherein the channel is utilized for transmitting a differential clock signal.
24. The method of claim 18, wherein the channel is utilized for transmitting a differential data signal.
25. A device for detecting signals in a transition minimized differential signal (TMDS) transmission system, a channel of the TMDS system between a receiver and a transmitter, the device comprising:
a computing unit coupled to a first differential line of the channel at a first node and coupled to a second differential line of the channel at a second node for computing a peak voltage of a first voltage corresponding to the first node and a second voltage corresponding to the second node; and
a determination module coupled to the computing unit for determining an operating state of the transmitter according to the peak voltage.
26. The device of claim 25, wherein the computing unit comprises a rectifier for rectifying the first voltage and the second voltage to acquire the peak voltage.
27. The device of claim 26, wherein the determination module comprises:
a reference voltage generator for generating a reference voltage;
a comparison unit coupled to the reference voltage generator and the computing unit for comparing the peak voltage and the reference voltage to generate a comparison result; and
a determination unit for determining the operating state of the transmitter according to the comparison result.
28. The device of claim 27, wherein the determination unit determines the transmitter is operating in a transmitting state when the comparison result indicates that the peak voltage is greater than the reference voltage.
29. The device of claim 27, wherein the determination unit determines the transmitter is operating in a standby state when the comparison result indicates that the peak voltage is less than the reference voltage.
30. The device of claim 25, wherein the channel is utilized for transmitting a differential clock signal.
31. The device of claim 25, wherein the channel is utilized for transmitting a differential data signal.
32. The device of claim 25, wherein the device is installed in the receiver.
33. A device for detecting signals in a transition minimized differential signal (TMDS) transmission system, a channel of TMDS system between a receiver and a transmitter, the device comprising:
a first current source for providing a first reference current in a first differential line of the channel;
a second current source for providing a second reference current in a second differential line of the channel;
a first separation device for separating loadings of the receiver from the channel;
a second separation device for separating the first current source from the first differential line, and separating the second current source from the second differential line;
a control unit for controlling the second separation device; and
a determination module coupled to the first differential line at a first node and coupled to the second differential line at a second node for determining an operating state of the transmitter according to a first current difference and a second current difference;
wherein the first current difference is a difference between the first reference current and a current provided by the transmitter via the first differential line, and the second current difference is a difference between the second reference current and a current provided by the transmitter via the second differential line.
34. The device of claim 33, wherein in a current detection mode, the control unit utilizes the first separation device to separate the loadings of the receiver from the channel, and utilizes the second separation device to link the first current source and the first differential line, and to link the second current source and the second differential line.
35. The device of claim 33, wherein in a voltage detection mode, the control unit utilizes the second separation device to separate the first current source from the first differential line, and to separate the second current source from the second differential line.
36. The device of claim 33, wherein the determination module comprises:
a first determination submodule comprising:
a lowpass filter coupled to the first node and the second node for performing a lowpass filtering operation on a first node voltage corresponding to the first node and a second node voltage corresponding to the second node to generate a lowpass filtered result; and
a first determination unit coupled to the lowpass filter for determining the operating state of the transmitter according to the lowpass filtered result;
wherein the first node voltage corresponds to the first current difference, and the second node voltage corresponds to the second current difference; and

a second determination submodule, comprising:
a computing unit coupled to the first node and the second node for computing a peak voltage of the first node voltage and the second node voltage;
a reference voltage generator for generating a reference voltage;
a comparison unit coupled to the reference voltage generator and the computing unit for comparing the peak voltage and the reference voltage to generate a comparison result; and
a second determination unit for determining the operating state of the transmitter according to the comparison result.
37. The device of claim 36, wherein the computing unit comprises a rectifier for rectifying the first node voltage and the second node voltage to acquire the peak voltage.
38. The device of claim 36, wherein the first determination unit determines the transmitter is operating in a standby state when the lowpass filtered result indicates that a summation of the first current difference and the second current difference is greater than a default value.
39. The device of claim 36, wherein the first determination unit determines the transmitter is operating in a transmitting state when the lowpass filtered result indicates that the summation of the first current difference and the second current difference is less than the default value.
40. The device of claim 36, wherein the second determination unit determines the transmitter is operating in the transmitting state when the comparison result indicates that the peak voltage is greater than the reference voltage.
41. The device of claim 36, wherein the second determination unit determines the transmitter is operating in a standby state when the comparison result indicates that the peak voltage is less than the reference voltage.
42. The device of claim 33, wherein the channel is utilized for transmitting a differential clock signal.
43. The device of claim 33, wherein the channel is utilized for transmitting a differential data signal.
44. The device of claim 33, wherein a summation of the first reference current and the second reference current is greater than a current received by the transmitter when the transmitter is in standby, and is less than the current received by the transmitter when the transmitter transmits data.
45. The device of claim 33, wherein the device is installed in the receiver.