All The Claims

1. A compound of the formula:
or a stereoisomeric form thereof, or a pharmaceutically acceptable acid or base addition salt of the compound or of a stereoisomeric form thereof, wherein
X represents S or O;
Y represents NR8;
G represents O or NR7;
R1, R2, and R3 represent, independently, H, OR8, F, Cl, Br, I, N(R8)2, CO2R8, NO2, NHC(O)R8, lower alkyl, substituted lower alkyl, aryl, substituted aryl, heteroaryl, or substituted heteroaryl;
R4 represents H, OR8, F, Cl, Br, I, N(R8)2, CO2R8, NO2, NHC(O)R8, aryl, substituted aryl, heteroaryl, substituted heteroaryl, amino, piperazino, lower alkyl, or substituted lower alkyl except for methyl and methoxyl;
R5, R6 and R7 represent, independently, H or lower alkyl;
R8 represents H, lower alkyl, substituted lower alkyl, aryl, substituted aryl, arylalkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, heteroaryl, or substituted heteroaryl;
R9, R10, R9\u2032, and R10\u2032 represent, independently, H, F, Cl, Br, I, lower alkyl, substituted lower alkyl, or a three to six membered cycloalkyl or substituted cycloalkyl that includes Cn andor Cn\u2032; and
n and n\u2032 equal, independently, an integer from zero to five.
2. The compound of claim 1, wherein
R9 and R10 represent, independently, H, F, Cl, Br, I, lower alkyl, or substituted lower alkyl;
n equals 1; and
n\u2032 equals 0,
or a stereoisomeric form thereof, or a pharmaceutically acceptable acid or base addition salt of the compound or of a stereoisomeric form thereof.
3. The compound of claim 2, wherein
X represents O; and
Y and G each represents NH,
or a stereoisomeric form thereof, or a pharmaceutically acceptable acid or base addition salt of the compound or of a stereoisomeric form thereof.
4. The compound of claim 3, wherein R9 and R10 each represents H,
or a stereoisomeric form thereof, or a pharmaceutically acceptable acid or base addition salt of the compound or of a stereoisomeric form thereof.
5. The compound of claim 4, wherein R4 represents Cl, Br, F, or I,
or a stereoisomeric form thereof, or a pharmaceutically acceptable acid or base addition salt of the compound or of a stereoisomeric form thereof.
6. The compound of claim 5, wherein R4 represents Cl and R6 represents methyl,
or a stereoisomeric form thereof, or a pharmaceutically acceptable acid or base addition salt of the compound or of a stereoisomeric form thereof.
7. The compound of claim 6, wherein R1, R2, R3, and R5 each represents H,
or a stereoisomeric form thereof, or a pharmaceutically acceptable acid or base addition salt of the compound or of a stereoisomeric form thereof.
8. A pharmaceutical composition comprising:
(i) a compound of the formula:
or a stereoisomeric form thereof, or a pharmaceutically acceptable acid or base addition salt of the compound or of a stereoisomeric form thereof; wherein
X represents S or O;
Y represents NH or NR8;
G represents O or NR7;
R1, R2, and R3 represent, independently, H, OR8, F, Cl, Br, I, N(R8)2, CO2R8, NO2, NHC(O)R8, lower alkyl, substituted lower alkyl, aryl, substituted aryl, heteroaryl, or substituted heteroaryl;
R4 represents H, OR8, F, Cl, Br, I, N(R8)2, CO2R8, NO2, NHC(O)R8, aryl, substituted aryl, heteroaryl, substituted heteroaryl, amine, piperazine, lower alkyl, or substituted lower alkyl except for methyl and methoxyl;
R5, R6 and R7 represent, independently, H or lower alkyl;
R8 represents H, lower alkyl, substituted lower alkyl, aryl, substituted aryl, arylalkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, heteroaryl, or substituted heteroaryl;
R9, R10, R9\u2032, and R10\u2032 represent, independently, H, F, Cl, Br, I, lower alkyl, substituted lower alkyl, or a three to six membered cycloalkyl or substituted cycloalkyl that includes Cn andor Cn\u2032; and
n and n\u2032 equal, independently, an integer from zero to five; and
(ii) a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier.
9. A method of treating a necrotic cell disease comprising administering to a subject having a necrotic cell disease a compound of claim 1,
or a stereoisomeric form thereof, or a pharmaceutically acceptable acid or base addition salt of the compound or of a stereoisomeric form thereof, and
wherein said necrotic cell disease is trauma, ischemia, stroke, cardiac infarction, infection, sepsis, Parkinson’s disease, Alzheimer’s disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, Huntington’s disease, or HIV-associated dementia.
10. A method of treating a necrotic cell disease comprising administering to a subject having a necrotic cell disease a compound of the formula:
or a stereoisomeric form thereof, or a pharmaceutically acceptable acid or base addition salt of the compound or of a stereoisomeric form thereof; wherein
Y represents NR8;
G represents NR7;
R1, R2, and R3 represent independently H, OH, OR8, F, Cl, Br, I, N(R8)2, COOH, CO2R8, NO2, NHC(O)R8, lower alkyl, substituted lower alkyl, or aryl;
R4 represents independently OH, OR8, F, Cl, Br, I, N(R8)2, COOH, CO2R8, NO2, NHC(O)R8, methyl, methoxyl, lower alkyl, substituted lower alkyl, aryl, or amine;
R5 and R7 represent independently H or lower alkyl;
R6 represents lower alkyl;
each R8 represents independently H, lower alkyl, substituted lower alkyl, aryl, substituted aryl, arylalkyl, alkenyl, or alkynyl;
R9, R10, R9\u2032, and R10\u2032 represent independently H, F, Cl, Br, I, lower alkyl, or substituted lower alkyl, or a three to six membered cycloalkyl that includes Cn andor Cn\u2032; and
n and n\u2032 equals an integer from zero to five, and
wherein said necrotic cell disease is trauma, ischemia, stroke, cardiac infarction, infection, sepsis, Parkinson’s disease, Alzheimer’s disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, Huntington’s disease, or HIV-associated dementia.
11. The method of claim 10, wherein said compound has the formula:
or a stereoisomeric form thereof, or a pharmaceutically acceptable acid or base addition salt of the compound or of a stereoisomeric form thereof.
12. The method of claim 10, wherein said compound is an enantiomer of the formula:
or a pharmaceutically acceptable acid or base addition salt of the compound.
13. The method of claim 10, wherein said compound is an enantiomer of the formula:
or a pharmaceutically acceptable acid or base addition salt of the compound.
14. The method of claim 10, wherein
R9, R10, R9\u2032, and R10\u2032 represent independently H, F, Cl, Br, I, lower alkyl, or substituted lower alkyl; and
n and n\u2032 are, independently, zero or one,
or a stereoisomeric form thereof, or a pharmaceutically acceptable acid or base addition salt of the compound or of a stereoisomeric form thereof.
15. The method of claim 14, wherein R9, R10, R9\u2032, and R10\u2032 each represents H,
or a stereoisomeric form thereof, or a pharmaceutically acceptable acid or base addition salt of the compound or of a stereoisomeric form thereof.
16. The method of claim 15, wherein R4 represents Cl, Br, F, or I,
or a stereoisomeric form thereof, or a pharmaceutically acceptable acid or base addition salt of the compound or of a stereoisomeric form thereof.
17. The method of claim 16, wherein R6 represents methyl,
or a stereoisomeric form thereof, or a pharmaceutically acceptable acid or base addition salt of the compound or of a stereoisomeric form thereof.
The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.

1. A method of printing dots in an area on a page using a plurality of printing passes of a printhead over said area, comprising:
processing continuous tone data representing an image through N halftoning iterations to generate N halftone patterns of dots for said area; and
printing each individual halftone pattern of said N halftone patterns during said plurality of printing passes, with each individual halftone pattern of said N halftone patterns being printed on a different printing pass of said plurality of printing passes over said area,
wherein said processing continuous tone data includes:
distributing each continuous tone value in said continuous tone data to generate N sets of continuous tone values, wherein N corresponds to the number of said plurality of printing passes for printing said area; and
applying a halftoning algorithm individually to each set of said N sets of continuous tone values to generate said N halftone patterns of dots for said area.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein said each continuous tone value in said continuous tone data is a number V in a range of zero to 255, and said each continuous tone value in said continuous tone data is represented in each of said N sets of continuous tone values by a value of VN rounded to the nearest whole number, and with any remainder being added to a corresponding VN in one of said N sets.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein said halftoning algorithm is an error diffusion halftone algorithm.
4. A method of printing dots in an area on a page using a plurality of printing passes of a printhead over said area, comprising:
processing continuous tone data representing an image through N halftoning iterations to generate N halftone patterns of dots for said area; and
printing each individual halftone pattern of said N halftone patterns during said plurality of printing passes, with each individual halftone pattern of said N halftone patterns being printed on a different printing pass of said plurality of printing passes over said area,
wherein said processing continuous tone data includes:
assigning said continuous tone data to a first grid, said first grid defining pixel locations at a first resolution R;
spatially dividing said first grid to generate N second grids, wherein each of said N second grids contains a subset of said continuous tone data, and wherein N corresponds to the number of said plurality of printing passes for printing said area; and
applying a halftoning algorithm individually to each subset of said continuous tone data in each of said N second grids to generate said N halftone patterns of dots for said area.
5. The method of claim 4, wherein said dividing is achieved by forming various combinations of odd and even rows, and odd and even columns, of said first grid.
6. The method of claim 4, wherein said halftoning algorithm is an error diffusion halftone algorithm.
7. An apparatus for printing dots in an area on a page using a plurality of printing passes of a printhead over said area, comprising:
a print engine for carrying said printhead;
a halftoner mechanism that receives continuous tone data representing an image and processes said continuous tone data through N halftoning iterations to generate N halftone patterns of dots for said area; and
a formatter mechanism communicatively coupled between said halftoner mechanism and said print engine, said formatter mechanism being configured to supply each of said N halftone patterns individually to said print engine, with each individual halftone pattern of said N halftone patterns being printed on a different printing pass of said plurality of printing passes in said area,
wherein the processing of said continuous tone data includes:
distributing each continuous tone value in said continuous tone data to generate N sets of continuous tone values, wherein N corresponds to the number of said plurality of printing passes for printing said area; and
applying a halftoning algorithm individually to each set of said N sets of continuous tone values to generate said N halftone patterns of dots for said area.
8. The apparatus of claim 7, wherein said each continuous tone value in said continuous tone data is a number V in a range of zero to 255, and said each continuous tone value in said continuous tone data is represented in each of said N sets of continuous tone values by a value of VN rounded to the nearest whole number, and with any remainder being added to a corresponding VN in one of said N sets.
9. The apparatus of claim 7, wherein said halftoning algorithm is an error diffusion halftone algorithm.
10. An apparatus for printing dots in an area on a page using a plurality of printing passes of a printhead over said area, comprising:
a print engine for carrying said printhead;
a halftoner mechanism that receives continuous tone data representing an image and processes said continuous tone data through N halftoning iterations to generate N halftone patterns of dots for said area; and
a formatter mechanism communicatively coupled between said halftoner mechanism and said print engine, said formatter mechanism being configured to supply each of said N halftone patterns individually to said print engine, with each individual halftone pattern of said N halftone patterns being printed on a different printing pass of said plurality of printing passes in said area,

wherein the processing of said continuous tone data includes:
assigning said continuous tone data to a first grid, said first grid defining pixel locations at a first resolution R;
spatially dividing said first grid to generate N second grids, wherein each of said N second grids contains a subset of said continuous tone data, and wherein N corresponds to the number of said plurality of printing passes for printing said area; and
applying a halftoning algorithm individually to each subset of said continuous tone data in each of said N second grids to generate said N halftone patterns of dots for said area.
11. The apparatus of claim 10, wherein said dividing is achieved by forming various combinations of odd and even rows, and odd and even columns, of said first grid.
12. The apparatus of claim 10, wherein said halftoning algorithm is an error diffusion halftone algorithm.
13. A method of printing dots in an area in a page using a plurality of printing passes of a printhead over said area, comprising:
processing continuous tone data representing an image through N halftoning iterations to generate N halftone patterns of dots for said area: and
printing each individual halftone pattern of said N halftone patterns during said plurality of printing passes, with each individual halftone pattern of said N halftone patterns being printed on a different printing pass of said plurality of printing passes over said area,
wherein said processing continuous tone data includes distributing each continuous tone value in said continuous tone data to generate N sets of continuous tone values, wherein N corresponds to the number of said plurality of printing passes for printing said area and applying a halftoning algorithm individually to each set of said N sets of continuous tone values to generate said N halftone patterns of dots for said area.

1. Method of verifying master processor operation comprising:
providing a checker processor;
executing a same instruction stream by the checker processor as the master processor, the instruction stream includes instructions for initializing the master processor and checking processor, the instructions are expected to generate at least one miscompare when executed during an initialization sequence at start up time before the master processor and checking processor have been initialized for the first time, wherein an initial execution of the instruction stream comprises execution of the series of instructions for generating the at least one miscompare;
comparing outputs of said master processor and said checker processor and outputting an error signal if at least one miscompare occurs; and
detecting the error signal and determining whether the master processor is to issue a restart signal for restarting execution of the same instruction stream, wherein the restarting comprises a subsequent re-execution of the series of instructions without generating the at least one miscompare.
2. Method according to claim 1, further comprising:
providing a reset register and storing therein a total number of restart signals issued by the master processor; and
determining not to issue a restart signal if the total number of restart signals stored in the reset register exceeds a predetermined number.
3. Method according to claim 2, wherein the determining step further comprises: the master processor issuing a system failure state signal.

The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.

1. A touch-sensitive device for scrolling a document on a display screen, said device comprising:
a scrolling area extending along a longitudinal axis, the scrolling area having a width in a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal axis, and opposed first and second ends each having a distal end
wherein the width of the scrolling area substantially enlarges or tapers along the longitudinal axis toward the first or second end from a central portion of the scrolling area for providing tactile feedback to a user prior to the user’s finger reaching either the first or second end of the scrolling area that the user’s finger is approaching one of the first and second ends;
tactile feedback means being located on or proximate to the scrolling area between the distal ends, wherein the tactile feedback provided to the user is indicative of how close the user’s finger is to one of the first and second ends prior to the user’s finger reaching the one of the first and second ends while inside the scrolling area,
wherein the scrolling area is configured to sense movement of the user’s finger on the scrolling area along the longitudinal axis and cause the document to be moved relative to the display screen in tandem with the movement of the user’s finger,
wherein the tactile feedback means is located on an outer surface on the scrolling area,
wherein the tactile feedback means includes surface texture on the outer surface of the scrolling area, and
wherein the tactile feedback means includes discrete surface texture changes on the outer surface of the scrolling area spaced apart along the longitudinal axis so that each discrete surface texture change is indicative of a relative position along the longitudinal axis between the first and second ends.
2. The device of claim 1, further comprising a housing with an opening that frames the scrolling area, and wherein the tactile feedback means includes discrete changes in the surface of the frame in the region immediately adjacent the opening, the discrete changes being spaced apart along the longitudinal axis so that each discrete surface texture change is indicative of a relative position along the longitudinal axis between the first and second ends.
3. The device of claim 2, wherein the discrete changes comprise raised projections of the surface of the frame in the region immediately adjacent the opening.
4. The device of claim 2, wherein the discrete changes comprise recesses in the surface of the frame in the region immediately adjacent the opening.
5. The device of claim 1, wherein the tactile feedback means includes at least one member coupled to the housing and extending into a boundary of the scrolling area.
6. The touch-sensitive device of claim 1, further comprising:
a frame having an opening exposing the scrolling area,
wherein the tactile feedback means comprises changes in a surface of the frame immediately adjacent to the scrolling area between the first and second ends and variations in a bezel immediately adjacent to the scrolling area, and
wherein the variations include elements spaced apart along the longitudinal axis so that each element is indicative of a relative position along the longitudinal axis between the first and second ends, the elements being either grooves or protrusions.
7. The device of claim 6, wherein the elements include grooves.
8. The device of claim 6, wherein the elements include spaced elements.
9. A touch sensitive device according to claim 1, which is implemented in a keyboard having a housing and an alphanumeric section, wherein the scrolling area is located along a left or right edge of the alphanumeric section.
10. The device of claim 1, wherein the width of the scrolling area near or at the first and second ends differs from the width at the central portion of the scrolling area, wherein the difference in width comprises an enlarging or tapering of the width which indicates the user’s finger is approaching one of the first and second ends.
11. A touch-sensitive device implemented in a keyboard, said keyboard having a housing and an alphanumeric section, said device comprising:
a scrolling area extending along a longitudinal axis, the scrolling area having a width in a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal axis, the scrolling area being configured to sense movement of a user’s finger on the scrolling area along the longitudinal axis and generate signals causing a processor to scroll a document up or down relative to a display screen in tandem with the sensed movement of the user’s finger, wherein the scrolling area has opposed first and second ends relative to the longitudinal axis, each of the first and second ends having a distal end, wherein the width of the scrolling area substantially enlarges or tapers along the longitudinal axis toward the first or second end from a central portion of the scrolling area for providing tactile feedback to the user prior to the user’s finger reaching either the first or second end to indicate that the user’s finger is approaching one of the first and second ends, wherein the width of the scrolling area at the first and second ends differs from the width at the central portion of the scrolling area,
wherein the scrolling area’s width at the central portion is substantially less than or greater than the enlarged scrolling area width or the tapered scrolling area width, respectively; and
one or more tactile feedback elements located on or proximate to the scrolling area between the distal ends, the one or more tactile feedback elements being configured to provide a user tactile feedback prior to the user’s finger reaching either the first or second end of the scrolling area, wherein the tactile feedback provided to the user is indicative of how close the user’s finger is to one of the first and second ends prior to the user’s finger reaching the one of the first and second ends while inside the scrolling area,
wherein the one or more tactile feedback elements are incorporated as part of a boundary transition region between the keyboard housing and the scrolling area, such that the one or more tactile feedback elements include at least one of: a contoured edge of the boundary transition region, and a protrusion or groove positioned along the edge of the boundary transition region, and
wherein the scrolling area is located along a left or right edge of the alphanumeric section.
12. The device of claim 11, wherein
the alphanumeric section of the keyboard is split into two subsections to provide an ergonomic benefit to the user, and
the scrolling area is located in a region separating the two sub-sections of the alphanumeric section, such that the scrolling area is within range of the user’s finger while the user’s hands are positioned for normal typing.