All The Claims

1. A method of activating a de-activated cell in a cellular radio system, the method comprising:
collecting measurements from a number of user equipment connected to the cellular radio system;
constructing a model for mapping a first cell generating a least power increase in the cellular radio system to be activated based on the collected measurements;
determining to activate the cell mapped as the first cell to be activated when traffic demand of the cellular radio system cannot be served using already activated cells, wherein activation of the cell mapped as the first cell decreases the overall energy consumption of the cellular radio system; and
collecting and storing measured power consumptions of base stations at given loads;
wherein the measured power consumptions of the base stations at the given loads are used as input data when determining to activate the cell mapped as the first cell to be activated.
2. The method of claim 1 wherein the collected measurements comprise one or more received signal powers or one or more timing advances.
3. The method of claim 1 wherein the collected measurements comprise one or more inter radio access technology measurements or one or more positioning measurements.
4. The method of claim 1 wherein constructing the model comprises automatically constructing the model for mapping the first cell to be activated based on the collected measurements using machine learning.
5. The method of claim 1 further comprising ordering additional measurements to be performed by one or many user equipment.
6. A network device for activating a de-activated cell in a cellular radio system, the network device comprising a processor configured to:
collect measurements from a number of user equipment connected to the cellular radio system;
construct a model for mapping a first cell generating a least power increase in the cellular radio system to be activated based on the collected measurements;
determine to activate the cell mapped as the first cell to be activated when traffic demand of the cellular radio system cannot be served using already activated cells, wherein activation of the cell mapped as the first cell decreases the overall energy consumption of the cellular radio system; and
collect and store measured power consumptions of base stations at given loads;
wherein the measured power consumptions of base stations at given loads are used as input data when determining to activate the cell that is mapped as the first cell to be activated.
7. The device of claim 6 wherein the measurements comprise one or more received signal powers or one or more timing advances.
8. The device of claim 6 wherein the measurements comprise one or more inter radio access technology measurements or one or more positioning measurements.
9. The device of claim 6 wherein the processor is further configured to automatically perform the construction of the model for mapping the first cell to be activated based on the collected measurements using machine learning.
10. The device of claim 6 wherein the processor is further configured to order additional measurements to be performed by one or many user equipment.

The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.

1. A semiconductor device having a semiconductor multi-layer structure which includes at least one active layer including at least one luminescent layer of InxAlyGa1\u2212x\u2212yN (0<x<1, 0\u2266y\u22660.2), and at least a part of said at least one luminescent layer acting as a quantum well,
wherein said semiconductor device satisfies at least one of:
a first condition that a threshold mode gain of said quantum well is more than 12 cm\u22121, and
a second condition that said semiconductor device has an internal loss \u201c\u03b1i\u201d (cm\u22121) which satisfies \u03b1i>12xn \u2212\u03b1m (cm\u22121), where \u201c\u03b1m\u201d is a mirror loss, and \u201cn\u201d is a number of said quantum well; and
a third condition that said semiconductor device has a slope efficiency \u201cS\u201d (WA) which satisfies: S<3\xd7{\u03b1m(12\xd7n)}\xd7{(1\u2212R1)\u221a(R2)}{(1\u2212\u221a(R1R2))\xd7(\u221a(R1)+\u221a(R2))}, where \u201cR1\u201d is a first reflectance of a first cavity facet, from which a light is emitted, \u201cR2\u201d is a second reflectance of a second cavity facet opposite to said first cavity facet, \u201c\u03b1m\u201d is a mirror loss, and \u201cn\u201d is a number of said quantum well, and
wherein a differential gain \u201cdgdn\u201d of said at least one active layer satisfies dgdn\u22671.0\xd710\u221220(m2)1 and
standard deviations of microscopic and macroscopic fluctuations in a band gap energy of said at least luminescent layer are not more than 40 meV; and
wherein said microscopic fluctuation is measured based on temperature dependence of a photoluminescence lifetime and wherein said microscopic fluctuation is controlled by heat treatment of said semiconductor device at a temperature between 850\xb0 C. and 1200\xb0 C.
2. The semiconductor device as claimed in claim 1, wherein said semiconductor device has a cavity length \u201cL\u201d of not less than 1000 micrometers, and said first reflectance \u201cR1\u201d is not more than 20%, said second reflectance \u201cR2\u201d is not less than 80% and less than 100%, and said slope efficiency \u201cS\u201d satisfies S<2.1n (WA).
3. The semiconductor device as claimed in claim 1, wherein said semiconductor multi-layer structure comprises a gallium-nitride-based multi-layer structure.
4. The semiconductor device as claimed in claim 3, wherein said gallium-nitride-based multi-layer structure extends over a gallium-nitride-based substrate.
5. The semiconductor device as claimed in claim 3, wherein said gallium-nitride-based multi-layer structure extends over a sapphire substrate.
6. The semiconductor device as claimed in claim 3, wherein said gallium-nitride-based multi-layer structure extends over a substrate having a surface dislocation density of less than 1\xd7108cm2.
7. The semiconductor device as claimed in claim 1, wherein a standard deviation \u201c\u0394x\u201d in the \u201cmicroscopic fluctuation\u201d of the indium composition is not more than 0.067.
8. The semiconductor device as claimed in claim 7,
wherein said semiconductor device has a slope efficiency \u201cS\u201d (WA) which satisfies:
S<3\xd7{\u03b1m(12\xd7n)}\xd7{(1\u2212R1)\u221a(R2)}{(1\u2212\u221a(R1R2))\xd7(\u221a(R1)+\u221a(R2))},
where \u201cR1\u201d is a first reflectance of a first cavity facet, from which a light is emitted, \u201cR2\u201d is a second reflectance of a second cavity facet opposite to said first cavity facet, \u201c\u03b1m\u201d is a mirror loss, and \u201cn\u201d is a number of said quantum well.
9. The semiconductor device as claimed in claim 8, wherein said semiconductor device has a cavity length \u201cL\u201d of not less than 1000 micrometers, and said first reflectance \u201cR1\u201d is not more than 20%, said second reflectance \u201cR2\u201d is not less than 80% and less than 100%, and said slope efficiency \u201cS\u201d satisfies S<2.1n (WA).
10. The semiconductor device as claimed in claim 7, wherein said semiconductor device has an internal loss \u201c\u03b1i\u201d (cm\u22121) which satisfies \u03b1i>12\xd7n\u2212\u03b1m (cm\u22121), where \u201c\u03b1m\u201d is a mirror loss, and \u201cn\u201d is a number of said quantum well.
11. The semiconductor device as claimed in claim 7, wherein said semiconductor device has a photo-luminescence peak wavelength distribution of not more than 40 meV in said active layer.
12. The semiconductor device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the microscopic fluctuations are not more than 20 meV.
13. The semiconductor device as claimed in claim 1, wherein a dispersion degree of a thermal carrier in said active layer is estimated by varying a temperature measurement, so as to determine said microscopic fluctuation.

1. An underwater energy storage system comprising:
a plurality of tanks, each of the plurality of tanks for storing compressed air underwater, wherein each of the plurality of tanks include at least one water opening through which water from a surrounding body freely flows and at least one air opening for receiving and discharging the compressed air, wherein free flow through the at least one water opening is responsive to air flow into and out of the plurality of tanks;
a first duct for communicating air flow between the at least one air opening of at least one of the plurality of tanks and a source of compressed air; and
at least one second duct for communicating air flow between the at least one air opening of each of the plurality of tanks.
2. The system of claim 1, wherein at least one of the plurality of tanks includes a layer of oil that covers a water surface in the at least one of the plurality of tanks.
3. The system of claim 1, wherein each of the plurality of tanks encloses a constant volume.
4. The system of claim 1, comprising a water duct connected to the at least one water opening of each of the plurality of tanks and extending upward therefrom, said duct adapted to provide a water opening at a height above the water opening of the tank.
5. The system of claim 1, wherein at least one of the plurality of tanks are partitioned into a plurality of chambers, said chambers include chamber walls with air openings that provide free air flow between the chambers and wherein each of the chambers includes water opening through which water from surrounding environment can flow.
6. The system of claim 1, wherein at least one of the plurality of tanks includes walls with structural reinforcements, wherein an amount of the reinforcement provided increases over a height of the tank.
7. The system of claim 1, wherein at least one an inner or outer wall of the plurality of tanks is coated with a metal layer.
8. The system of claim 1, wherein the at least one duct communicating between the at least one opening for air flow and a source of compressed air is lined with a plurality of ribs adapted to cool the compressed air as it flows from the source to the tank.
9. The system of claim 1, comprising at least one duct communicating between the at least one opening for air flow in at least one of the plurality of tanks and a pneumatic device.
10. The system of claim 9, comprising a heat exchange unit for transferring heat generated by the source of compressed gas to air flowing from the at least one duct communicating between the at least one opening for gas flow in at least one of the plurality of tanks and a pneumatic device.
11. The system of claim 1, wherein at least one of the plurality of tanks includes a compartment constructed over a roof of the tank, wherein said compartment is adapted for receiving weights at a sinking site of the at least one of the plurality of tanks.
12. The system of claim 11, wherein the compartment is formed with a banister encompassing the roof of the tank.
13. The system of claim 12, wherein the banister is an integral part of walls of the tank that extends above a height of the roof.
14. The system of claim 11, wherein the compartment includes a door, wherein the door provides for releasing weights received in the compartment when opened.
15. The system of claim 1, wherein at least one of the plurality of tanks is casted with concrete.
16. The system of claim 1, wherein the compressed gas is carbonic gas.
17. The system of claim 1, wherein the compressed gas is air.

The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.

What is claimed:

1. A wire-collecting device of a computer accessory, comprising:
a casing coupled to said computer accessory having a first opening; and a collecting portion inside said casing for containing a signal-transmission device of said computer accessory; and
a fastening device positioned on a first interior surface of said casing, and said fastening device being positioned near said first opening to clasp said signal-transmission device.
2. The wire-collecting device of claim 1, wherein said casing further comprises a cover positioned out of said first opening.
3. The wire-collecting device of claim 1, further comprising an elastic element, a first terminal of said elastic element being installed on a second interior surface of said casing, and said second interior surface being opposite to said first opening.
4. The wire-collecting device of claim 3, wherein said elastic element further comprises a second terminal connected to said signal-transmission device to force the signal-transmission device draw back into said collecting portion.
5. The wire-collecting device of claim 1, wherein said signal-transmission device includes a cable and a connector.
6. The wire-collecting device of claim 5, wherein said fastening device further comprises a second opening to enable said cable to pass through, said second opening is wider than a diameter of said cable, and smaller than a width of said connector.
7. The wire-collecting device of claim 6, wherein said fastening device further comprises a recess for fastening said connector.
8. The wire-collecting device of claim 1, wherein said casing is manufactured to one piece during a process of making said computer accessory.
9. The wire-collecting device of claim 1, wherein said computer accessory is an external computer accessory.
10. A wire-collecting device of a computer accessory, comprising:
a casing having a first opening and a collecting portion inside said casing for containing a signal-transmission device extending from said computer accessory;
a fastening device positioned on a first interior surface of said casing, and said fastening device being positioned near said first opening to clasp said signal-transmission device; and
an elastic element having a first terminal and a second terminal, said first terminal of said elastic element being installed into a second interior surface of said casing, and said second terminal of said elastic element being connected to said signal-transmission device to force said signal-transmission device to draw back into said collecting portion.
11. The wire-collecting device of claim 10, wherein said casing further comprises a cover out of said first opening.
12. The wire-collecting device of claim 10, wherein said signal-transmission device includes a cable and a connector.
13. The wire-collecting device of claim 12, wherein said fastening device further comprises a second opening to enable said cable to pass through, said second opening is wider than a diameter of said cable, and smaller than a width of said connector.
14. The wire-collecting device of claim 13, wherein said mechanism further comprises a recess for fastening said connector.
15. The wire-collecting device of claim 10, wherein said computer accessory is an external computer accessory.
16. A wire-securing device provided for a computer accessory, said wire-securing device comprising:
a casing having a first opening and a collecting portion inside said casing for storing a cable of a signal-transmission device of said computer accessory; and
a fastening device positioned on a first interior surface of said casing, and near said first opening, said fastening device having a second opening and a recess, said second opening enabling said cable to pass through, and said recess being provided to fix said signal-transmission device,
wherein said signal-transmission device is drawn out of said recess, and pulled upwardly out of said fastening device by passing through said second opening when said computer accessory is used by a user, and said signal-transmission device is moved back into the fastening device and said signal-transmission device is clamped into said second opening after adjusting a optimum length of said signal-transmission device.
17. The fastening device of claim 16, wherein said signal-transmission device includes a connector and a cable, and said second opening is wider than a diameter of said cable, and smaller than a width of said connector.
18. The fastening device of claim 17, wherein said cable is a helix cable.
19. The fastening device of claim 18, wherein the width of said second opening is smaller than a diameter of said helix cable.
20. The fastening device of claim 16, wherein said casing further comprises a cover out of said first opening.