1. A multistage drawing process for drawing polymeric elongated objects, containing a first drawing stage and a final drawing stage and optionally containing at least one intermediate drawing stage subsequent to the first drawing stage and prior to the final drawing stage, comprising in the following order the steps of:
a. providing a polymeric elongated feed object;
b. drawing the elongated object in the first drawing stage with a draw ratio of between 30% and 90% of the maximum drawing ratio achievable in the first drawing step;
c. optionally drawing the elongated object in the at least one intermediate drawing stage with a draw ratio of between 30% and 90% of the maximum drawing ratio achievable in the at least one intermediate drawing step;
d. drawing the elongated object in the final drawing stage with a draw ratio of at most 5, preferably of at most 3.
2. The process of claim 1 wherein the polymeric elongated object is a fiber.
3. The process of claim 2 wherein the fiber has a length and transverse dimensions and having a ratio of its highest transverse dimension to its lowest transverse dimension of between 1 and 5, more preferably of between 1 and 3
4. The process of claim 1 wherein the elongated object is a tape.
5. The process of claim 4 wherein the tape has a width of between 2 mm and 2000 mm.
6. The process of claim 1 wherein the elongated feed object has a tenacity of between 0.025 GPa and 1 GPa,
7. The process of claim 1 wherein the elongated object is a solid object having a polymer solvent content of at most 5 wt % based on the total weight of the polymer.
8. The process of wherein the elongated feed object is a calendared solid state tape.
9. The process of claim 8 wherein the solid state tape has a tenacity of between 0.025 GPa and 1 GPa.
10. The process of claim 1 wherein the elongated object is a polyolefin elongated object.
11. The process of claim 1 wherein the elongated object is a high or ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene elongated object.
12. The process of claim 1 wherein the elongated feed object is drawn in the first drawing stage with a draw ratio of between 35% and 80%.
13. The process of claim 1 wherein the drawing in the final drawing stage of the elongated object having a titer (T) and a breakload (BL) is carried out with a drawing force of between 8% and 20% of the breakload (BL) of the elongated object obtained by carrying out the final drawing stage.
14. An elongated object obtainable by the process of claim 1.
The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.
1. A system, comprising:
a meter for monitoring energy consumed by an energy consumer;
a first computer coupled to said meter, said first computer configured to receive from said meter a plurality of measurements representative of energy consumed during a billing period; and
a second computer configured to generate a signal representative of a critical peak pricing rate for energy consumed during a critical peak pricing event;
a third computer coupled to said first computer and to said second computer, said third computer configured to:
calculate a first consumption amount representative of energy consumed during the critical peak pricing event from the plurality of measurements;
calculate a second consumption amount representative of energy consumed other than during the critical peak pricing event from the plurality of measurements; and,
generate a bill, wherein the bill includes a variable pricing rate for the second consumption amount and the critical peak pricing rate for the first consumption amount.
2. A system in accordance with claim 1, wherein said second computer causes the critical peak pricing event to extend across a boundary that changes the variable pricing rate from a first pricing rate to a second pricing rate.
3. A system in accordance with claim 1, wherein the critical peak pricing rate increases if the first consumption amount exceeds a predetermined threshold.
4. A system in accordance with claim 1, wherein said third computer is further configured to calculate a first energy consumption rate during the critical peak pricing event and a second energy consumption rate other than during the critical peak pricing event, and wherein the critical peak pricing rate increases if the first energy consumption rate increases with respect to the second energy consumption rate.
5. A system in accordance with claim 1, wherein said third computer is further configured to calculate a first energy consumption rate during the critical peak pricing event and a second energy consumption rate other than during the critical peak pricing event, and wherein the critical peak pricing rate decreases if the first energy consumption rate decreases with respect to the second energy consumption rate.
6. A system in accordance with claim 1, wherein said second computer is further configured to cause a notification of the critical peak pricing event to be transmitted to at least one of a utility customer and an agent of the utility customer.
7. A system in accordance with claim 1, wherein said third computer is configured to:
generate an alternative bill based on a billing plan that does not include the critical peak pricing rate; and
compare the alternative bill with the bill that includes the critical peak pricing rate.
8. A system in accordance with claim 7, wherein said third computer is configured to cause the lower of the alternative bill and the bill that includes the critical peak pricing rate to be transmitted to at least one of a utility customer and an agent of the utility customer.
9. A billing system, comprising:
a processor configured to:
receive a plurality of measurements representative of energy consumed during a billing period;
receive a signal representative of a critical peak pricing rate for energy consumed during a critical peak pricing event;
calculate a first consumption amount representative of energy consumed by an energy consumer during the critical peak pricing event from the plurality of measurements;
calculate a second consumption amount representative of energy consumed by the energy consumer other than during the critical peak pricing event from the plurality of measurements; and
generate a bill, wherein the bill includes a variable pricing rate for the second consumption amount and the critical peak pricing rate for the first consumption amount.
10. A billing system in accordance with claim 9, wherein the critical peak pricing event extends across a boundary that changes the variable pricing rate from a first pricing rate to a second pricing rate.
11. A billing system in accordance with claim 9, wherein the critical peak pricing rate increases if the first consumption amount exceeds a predetermined threshold.
12. A billing system in accordance with claim 9, further configured to calculate a first energy consumption rate during the critical peak pricing event and a second energy consumption rate other than during the critical peak pricing event, and wherein the critical peak pricing rate increases if the first energy consumption rate increases with respect to the second energy consumption rate.
13. A billing system in accordance with claim 9, further configured to calculate a first energy consumption rate during the critical peak pricing event and a second energy consumption rate other than during the critical peak pricing event, and wherein the critical peak pricing rate decreases if the first energy consumption rate decreases with respect to the second energy consumption rate.
14. A billing system in accordance with claim 9, further configured to:
generate an alternative bill based on a billing plan that does not include the critical peak pricing rate; and
compare the alternative bill with the bill that includes the critical peak pricing rate to determine the lower of the alternative bill and the bill that includes the critical peak pricing rate.
15. A method for generating a bill, said method comprising:
receiving a signal representative of a critical peak pricing rate for energy consumed during a critical peak pricing event;
determining a first amount of energy consumed by an energy consumer during the critical peak pricing event;
determining a second amount of energy consumed by the energy consumer other than during the critical peak pricing event; and
generating a bill, wherein the bill includes a variable pricing rate for the first amount and the critical peak pricing rate for the second amount.
16. A method in accordance with claim 15, further comprising adjusting the critical peak pricing rate based on the first amount.
17. A method in accordance with claim 15, further comprising increasing the critical peak pricing rate if the first amount exceeds a predetermined threshold.
18. A method in accordance with claim 15, further comprising:
calculating a first energy consumption rate during the critical peak pricing event and a second energy consumption rate other than during the critical peak pricing event; and
increasing the critical peak pricing rate if the first energy consumption rate increases with respect to the second energy consumption rate.
19. A method in accordance with claim 15, further comprising:
calculating a first energy consumption rate during the critical peak pricing event and a second energy consumption rate other than during the critical peak pricing event; and
decreasing the critical peak pricing rate if the first energy consumption rate decreases with respect to the second energy consumption rate.
20. A method in accordance with claim 15, further comprising:
generating an alternative bill based on a billing plan that does not include the critical peak pricing rate; and
comparing the alternative bill with the bill that includes the critical peak pricing rate to determine the lower of the alternative bill and the bill that includes the critical peak pricing rate.