All The Claims

1. A process for the manufacturing of surface elements (1) which comprises a decorative upper layer (2) and a supporting core (5), characterised in that;
i) a supporting core (5) with a desired format is manufactured and provided with an upper side (1) and a lower side (4), whereby
ii) the upper side (1) of the supporting core (5) is provided with a dcor, by for example printing, which dcor (2) is positioned after a predetermined fixed point on the supporting core (5), whereby
iii) the upper side (1) of the supporting core (5) is provided with a protecting, at least partly translucent, wear layer (2) by for example spray coating, roller coating, curtain coating and immersion coating or by being provided with one or more sheets of -cellulose impregnated with thermosetting resin or lacquer.
2. A process according to claim 1, characterised in that the dcor is achieved by digitisation of an actual archetype or by partly or completely being created in a digital media, which digitised dcor (2) is stored digitally in order to be used as a control function and original, together with possible control programs, when printing the dcor (2).
3. A process according to claim 2, characterised in that at least parts of the digital dcor (2) is used, together with support programs for controlling further steps in the manufacturing procedure such as identification marking, packaging, lacquering, surface embossing, storing and delivery logistics as well as assembly instructions.
4. A process according to any of the claims 1-3, characterised in that the supporting core (5) is manufactured in the desired end user format and provided with edges (3) intended for joining before applying dcor and wear layer.
5. A process according to any of the claims 1-4, characterised in that the main part of the supporting core (5) is constituted by a particle board or a fibre board.
6. A process according to any of the claims 1-4, characterised in that at least parts of the supporting core (5) is constituted of a polymer such as for example polyurethane or a polyolefin such as polyethylene, polypropylene or polybutene.
7. A process according to claim 6, characterised in that the supporting core (5) except polymer also contains a filler in the form of a particle or fibre of organic or inorganic material.
8. A process according to any of the claims 1-7, characterised in that the translucent wear layer (2) is constituted of a UV curing or electron beam curing resin or lacquer such as for example acrylic, epoxy or maleimide lacquer.
9. A process according to claim 8, characterised in that the wear layer (2) is applied in several steps with intermediate curing, of which the last is a a complete curing while the earlier are only partial.
10. A process according to claim 8 or 9, characterised in that the wear layer (2) also comprises hard particles with an average particle size in the range 50 nm -150 m.
11. A process according to claim 10, characterised in that the upper portion of the wear layer (2) is provided with hard particles in the range 50 nm-30 m, preferably 50 nm-10 m while the inner portion of the wear layer (2) is provided with hard particles in the range 10 m-150 m, preferably 30 m-150 m.
12. A process according to claim 10, characterised in that the hard particles is constituted by silicon oxide, silicon carbide, -aluminium oxide or the like.
13. A process according to claim 11, characterised in that the hard particles is constituted by silicon oxide, silicon carbide, -aluminium oxide, diamond or the like.
14. A process according to any of the claims 1-7, characterised in that the translucent wear layer (2) is constituted by one or more sheets of -cellulose impregnated with melamine-formaldehyde resin.
15. A process according to claim 14, characterised in that the wear layer (2) is joined with the supporting core (5) through heat and pressure, whereby the resin cures.
16. A process according to claim 14 or 15, characterised in that the wear layer (2) also comprises hard particles with an average particle size in the range 50 nm-150 m.
17. A process according to claim 16, characterised in that the upper portion of the wear layer (2) is provided with hard particles in the range 50 nm-30 m, preferably 50 nm-10 m while the inner portion of the wear layer (2) is provided with hard particles in the range 10 m-150 m, preferably 30 m-150 m.
18. A process according to claim 10, characterised in that the hard particles is constituted by silicon oxide, silicon carbide, -aluminium oxide or the like.
19. A process according to claim 11, characterised in that the hard particles is constituted by silicon oxide, silicon carbide, -aluminium oxide, diamond or the like.
20. A process according to any of the claims 1-19, characterised in that the dcor on the surface elements (1) is constituted by a number of dcor segments with intermediate borders, which borders, on at least two opposite edges of a surface element (1) coincides with borders on intended adjoining floor elements (1).
21. A process according to any of the claims 1-20, characterised in that at least one surface structured matrix which forms at least one surface structure segment is positioned on the decorative side of the surface element (1) during the step in the process where the wear layer (2) is applied on the surface element (1) and is pressed towards this whereby the wear layer (2) receives a surface with structure that enhances the realistic impression of the dcor (2).
22. A process according to any of the claims 2-21, characterised in that two or more surface structured matrixes, which each forms one surface structure segment, which segments are independent from each other concerning structure, and that said surface structure segments are intended to mainly, preferably completely coincide with corresponding pattern segments in the dcor, is thoroughly positioned on the decorative side of the surface element (1) during the steps in the process where the wear layer (2) is provided with a wear layer (2), and pressed toward this whereby the wear layer (2) receives a surface structure (2) corresponding to the different pattern segments in the dcor.
23. A process according to claim 21 or 22, characterised in that one or more matrixes forms the structured surface of one or more rollers whereby the surface element (1) is passed between the structured roller and matching counter stay under continuos or discontinuous pressure between the rollers and the counter stays.
24. A process according to claim 23, characterised in that rollers equipped with two or more matrixes has a circumference adapted to repetition distance in the variation of direction in the dcor.
25. A process according to claim 22, characterised in that one or more matrixes forms the structured surface on one or more press belts, whereby the surface element (1) is passed between the press belts and counter stays, with the decorative side facing the press belts, during continuous or discontinuous pressure between the press belts and counter stays.
26. A process according to claim 22, characterised in that one or more matrixes forms the structured surface on one or more static moulds which momentary and static is pressed towards the decorative surface of the surface element (1).
27. A process according to any of the claims 21-26, characterised in that specially characteristic dcor segments such as borderlines between simulated slabs, bars, blocks or the like and also knots, cracks, flaws and grain which is visually simulated in the dcor (2), is stored as digital data, that said data is used for guiding automated engraving or pressing tools when providing said characteristic dcor segments with a suitable surface structure, and that said engraving tool or pressing tool is synchronised via the predetermined fixing point on the surface element (1).
28. A surface element (1) manufactured according to any of the claims 1-27, characterised in that they form floor elements intended to be joined to become a floor covering material, wall elements intended to be joined to become a wall covering material or ceiling elements intended to be joined to become a ceiling material.

The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.

1. A secondary battery comprising:
a cathode;
an anode; and
an electrolytic solution,
wherein the anode contains one or more of titanium-containing lithium composite oxides expressed by the following Formula 1 to Formula 3 as an anode active material, and
the electrolytic solution contains cyclic disulfonic acid anhydride expressed by the following Formula 4 or cyclic disulfonic acid anhydride expressed by the following Formula 5 or both:
LiLixM1(1\u22123x)2Ti(3+x)2O4\u2003\u2003Formula 1
where M1 is one or more of Mg, Ca, Cu, Zn, and Sr, and x satisfies 0\u2266x\u2266\u2153:
LiLiyM21\u22123yTi1+2yO4\u2003\u2003Formula 2
where M2 is one or more of Al, Sc, Cr, Mn, Fe, Ga, and Y, and y satisfies 0\u2266y\u2266\u2153:
LiLi13M3zTi(53)\u2212zO4\u2003\u2003Formula 3
where M3 is one or more of V, Zr, and Nb, and z satisfies 0\u2266z\u2266\u2154:
where R1 to R4 are an alkyl group (CmH2m+1: m satisfies 0\u2266m\u22664):
where R5 to R10 are an alkyl group (CnH2n+1: n satisfies 0\u2266n\u22664).
2. The secondary battery according to claim 1, wherein the cyclic disulfonic acid anhydride is 1,2-ethanedisulfonic acid anhydride or 1,3-propanedisulfonic acid anhydride or both.
3. The secondary battery according to claim 1, wherein a content of the cyclic disulfonic acid anhydride in the electrolytic solution is from 0.1 wt % to 5 wt % both inclusive.
4. The secondary battery according to claim 1, wherein the electrolytic solution contains halogenated cyclic ester carbonate expressed by the following Formula 6 or unsaturated carbon bond cyclic ester carbonate expressed by the following Formula 7 or both;
where R11 to R14 are a hydrogen group, a halogen group, an alkyl group (CpH2p+1: p satisfies 0\u2266p\u22664), or a halogenated alkyl group (CqH2q+1Xr: X is a halogen, q satisfies 0\u2266q\u22664, and r satisfies 0\u2266r\u22662q+1), and one or more of R11 to R14 are a halogen group or a halogenated alkyl group;
where R15 and R16 are an alkyl group (CsH2s+1: s satisfies 0\u2266s\u22664).
5. The secondary battery according to claim 4, wherein the halogenated cyclic ester carbonate is 4-fluoro-1,3-dioxolane-2-one, and the unsaturated carbon bond cyclic ester carbonate is vinylene carbonate.
6. The secondary battery according to claim 1, wherein the electrolytic solution contains propylene carbonate as a cyclic ester carbonate.
7. The secondary battery according to claim 1, wherein the cathode and the anode are layered with a separator in between, and
the separator includes a base material layer as a porous film and a polymer compound layer provided on one or both surfaces of the base material layer.
8. The secondary battery according to claim 7, wherein the polymer compound layer contains polyvinylidene fluoride.
9. The secondary battery according to claim 1, wherein the secondary battery is a lithium ion secondary battery.
10. An electronic device using the secondary battery according to claim 1.
11. An electric power tool using the secondary battery according to claim 1.
12. An electrical vehicle using the secondary battery according to claim 1.
13. An electric power storage system using the secondary battery according to claim 1.

1. A sealing device for shutting a pipe or a well, the device comprising:
a sleeve that is radially expandable under the action of an inflation fluid in order to be pressed hermetically against the wall of the pipe or the well, the sleeve being fastened to end members,
wherein said sleeve comprises:
firstly a pair of cylindrical membranes having walls that are flexible and elastic, the membranes being engaged coaxially one in the other and comprising an inner membrane for being subjected internally to the pressure of the inflation fluid and an outer membrane for being pressed against the wall of the pipe or the well in order to seal it off, and
secondly at least one very dense annular fiber structure formed of a multitude of fine and long fibers having high mechanical strength interconnecting said end members and wound helically about the inner membrane along an axis that coincides with the longitudinal axis of symmetry of the sleeve, and
wherein said fiber structure firstly presents a certain thickness and secondly is interposed between said membranes, and
wherein the winding angle of the fibers relative to the direction of said longitudinal axis of symmetry has a value that is considerably greater in the end portions of the sleeve than in the central portion thereof, the transition between the two portions taking place progressively over transition zones, with the angles taking on an intermediate value, the winding being such that the density of the fibers progressively diminishes from each end going towards the central portion, the angle of inclination of the fibers before expansion being calculated slice by slice in such a manner that in each of the annular slices of the fiber structure the shortening ratio after radial expansion of the sleeve is substantially constant over the entire thickness of said slice.
2. A sealing device according to claim 1, wherein the density of said annular fiber structure is such that after the sleeve has expanded radially, said fibers are touching or practically touching, such that the structure serves substantially to provide mechanical reinforcement to withstand high pressure forces and as an anti-extrusion filter to prevent any extrusion of the inner membrane between said fibers under the effect of pressure.
3. A sealing device according to claim 1, wherein the transition zones are of different lengths.
4. A sealing device according to claim 1, wherein said fibers are made of a material having high traction strength, such as in particular, fibers of aramid, of carbon, of glass, or of steel.
5. A sealing device according to claim 4, wherein said fibers are circular in section with a diameter of less than 0.5 mm.
6. A sealing device according to claim 5, wherein the diameter of the fibers lies in the range 5 \u03bcm to 100 \u03bcm, approximately, and is preferably about 10 \u03bcm to 20 \u03bcm.
7. A sealing device according to claim 6, wherein the density of the fibers within said fiber structure, considered in a section plane extending transversely relative to the sleeve, lies in the range 100 fibersmm2 to 45,000 fibersmm2, and is preferably about 10,000 fibersmm2.
8. A sealing device according to claim 1, wherein the fibers constituting the fiber structure are grouped together to constitute a plurality of yarns, rovings, or cables that are independent of one another.
9. A sealing device according to claim 8, wherein said fiber structure is made up of a plurality of contiguous concentric sheets, and the angular orientations of the fibers constituting two contiguous sheets are opposite, and wherein at least some of said rovings are common to a plurality of sheets.
10. A sealing device according to claim 1, wherein said fiber structure is made up of a plurality of contiguous concentric sheets, and the angular orientations of the fibers constituting two contiguous sheets are opposite.
11. A sealing device according to claim 1, wherein, trapped between said inner and outer membranes, the device includes a highly deformable agent in which the fibers constituting said structure are coated.
12. A sealing device according to claim 11, wherein said agent is a rubber, an oil, a grease, or silicone resin.
13. A sealing device according to claim 1, wherein the fibers constituting said fiber structure are coated in a material that is solid but that presents characteristics of high flexibility and elasticity, not impeding the ability of said structure to deform freely relative to the surrounding membranes.
14. A sealing device according to claim 1, wherein the winding angle of the fibers relative to the direction of said longitudinal axis of symmetry has a value of about 45\xb0 to 60\xb0 in the end portions of the sleeve, and a value of about 15\xb0 to 30\xb0 in the central portion thereof.

The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.

1. A home networking system comprising:
a housing component at least partially defining an enclosure;
a processor located within the enclosure;
an interface operable to communicatively couple with an element of a premise network to provide at least a portion of a communication link between the processor and a node of a wireline network;
a wireless local area networking module communicatively coupled to a memory and configured to communicate within a local coverage area using a proximal wireless protocol;
the memory storing a messaging file comprising instructions to direct a wireless telephone processor to send a wireless messaging service message configured for delivery via a wide area wireless network to the wireless local area networking module using the proximal wireless protocol; and
a message forwarding engine configured to output information representing the wireless messaging service message via the interface to the wireline network.
2. The system of claim 1, further comprising:
a triggering engine operable to recognize a voice call communicated via the premise network and further operable to output a signal in response to recognizing the voice call; and
a notification engine responsive to the signal and operable to initiate sending a notification message addressed to a messaging address via the interface, the messaging address identifying a wireless-enabled device.
3. The system of claim 1, wherein the wireless messaging service message is configured for delivery using a wide area wireless messaging service selected from the group consisting of electronic mail, IM, SMS, EMS, and MMS.
4. The system of claim 1, wherein the node of the wireline network comprises a piece of cable head end equipment, further comprising a video stream decoder communicatively coupled to the interface and operable to decode a signal communicated from the node via the interface.
5. The system of claim 1, further comprising a modem device communicatively coupled to the interface, the modem device selected from the group consisting of a cable modem, a dial-up modem, a wireless modem, a satellite modem, and an xDSL modem.
6. The system of claim 1, further comprising an enhanced service engine operable to facilitate deployment of an enhanced service selected from the group consisting of a videoconferencing service, a home networking service, an Internet Protocol telephony service, a Video on Demand (VoD) service, a high-speed Internet Television service, and a personal video recording service.
7. The system of claim 1, wherein the messaging file comprises an over the air downloadable Java application.
8. A computer-readable medium having computer-readable data to direct a processor of a wireless-enabled communication device to recognize accessibility of WLAN hub via a local coverage area, to identify a wireless messaging service message intended for communication from the wireless-enabled communication device to a wide area wireless network, and to re-route the message to the WLAN hub.
9. A communication networking method comprising:
interfacing a device having a short-range wireless transceiver to a wireline network element;
receiving via the short-range wireless transceiver a wide area wireless messaging service message addressed to a recipient; and
initiating communication of information representing the message to the recipient via the wireline network element.
10. The method of claim 9, further comprising:
storing a file comprising executable instructions for sending a given wide area wireless messaging service message via a short-range wireless networking protocol; and
wirelessly communicating the file to a wireless-enable communication device.
11. The method of claim 9, further comprising receiving an incoming signal that comprises information representing a plurality of broadcast video streams.
12. The method of claim 9, wherein the short-range wireless transceiver is operable to communicate using an 802.11(x) compliant protocol.
13. The method of claim 9, further comprising modifying the message for delivery via the wireline network element such that a received message delivered to the recipient appears as an incoming messaging delivered by a service selected from the group consisting of an electronic mail service, an IM service, an SMS, an EMS, and an MMS.
14. The method of claim 9, further comprising:
receiving via the wireline network element a file comprising executable instructions for sending a given wide area wireless messaging service message via a short-range wireless networking protocol;
storing the file; and
wirelessly communicating the file to a wireless-enable communication device.
15. The method of claim 14, further comprising:
communicating a notification to the wireless-enabled communication device indicating availability of the file; and
receiving a request for the file from the wireless-enabled communication device.
16. The method of claim 9, wherein the wireline network element comprises a cable modem.
17. The method of claim 9, wherein the wireline network element comprises an xDSL modem.
18. The method of claim 9, further comprising:
receiving a voice call via the wireline network element;
recognizing that a wireless-enabled communication device is within a coverage area of the short-range wireless transceiver; and
allowing the wireless-enabled device to participate in the voice call.
19. A communication method comprising:
creating a first message for delivery by a messaging service selected from a group consisting of an SMS, an EMS, and an MMS;
sending the message with a wide area wireless transceiver of a wireless telephone;
creating a second message for delivery by a messaging service selected from the group; and
sending the second message with a local area transceiver of the wireless telephone.
20. The method of claim 19, further comprising:
initiating presentation of a graphical user interface (GUI) on a display of the wireless telephone, the GUI including an icon for launching a message creation engine;
recognizing a desire to create the second messaging service message;
presenting a wireline delivery option; and
receiving a signal indicating selection of the wireline delivery option, wherein the wireline delivery option comprises sending the second message with the local area transceiver.
21. The method of claim 19, further comprising:
receiving an incoming message with an attached file;
saving the file to a local memory; and
executing the file to create a message delivery option that employs the local area transceiver of the wireless telephone to send the second message.
22. The method of claim 21, further comprising receiving the incoming message via the local area transceiver.
23. A communication service method comprising:
recognizing that a wireless telephone is within a coverage area of a wireless local area networking hub; and
allowing the wireless telephone to send a message selected from a group consisting of an SMS message, an EMS message, and an MMS message to an intended recipient via the wireless local area networking hub.
24. The method of claim 23, further comprising:
providing a wired broadband backhaul service to a subscriber associated with the wireless telephone; and
communicating the message to a messaging service center at no additional charge to the subscriber.
25. The method of claim 24, further comprising making a file available to the subscriber, the file comprising computer-readable instructions to direct a processor of the wireless telephone to recognize accessibility of a WLAN hub via a local coverage area, to identify a wireless messaging service message configured for communication from the wireless telephone to a wide area wireless network, and to re-route the message to the WLAN hub.
26. The system of claim 24, further comprising indicating to the subscriber on a bill an amount saved by communicating the message from the wireless telephone to the wireless local area networking hub as compared to delivery from the wireless telephone to a wide area wireless network element.