All The Claims

1. A measuring apparatus comprising:
a first mask having a pinhole for generating a spherical wave as measuring light;
a second mask provided subsequent to said first mask in a light traveling direction, said second mask having two pairs of selecting windows that allow the measuring light that has passed a target optical system to transmit through the selecting windows; and
a two-dimensional light divider, located between said first and second masks, for two-dimensionally dividing incident light into two pairs of \xb11st order lights,
wherein the two pairs of selecting windows in the second mask are arranged at a position where each of the two pairs of \xb11st order lights passes through simultaneously and
wherein said measuring apparatus calculates optical performance of the target optical system from an interference fringe formed by a shearing interference between each measuring light that has passed the selecting windows.
2. A measuring apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the optical performance is a wave front aberration.
3. A measuring apparatus according to claim 1, wherein said measuring apparatus calculates the optical performance from wave front aberration of the target optical system with respect to two orthogonal directions, and
wherein the two pairs of selecting windows in the second mask allow \xb11st order diffracted lights of the measuring light in the two orthogonal directions to simultaneously pass through the two pairs of selecting windows.
4. An exposure apparatus for exposing a pattern on a mask onto an object using light, said exposure apparatus comprising:
a projection optical system for projecting the pattern onto the object; and
a measuring apparatus according to claim 1 for detecting a wave front aberration of the projection optical system.
5. An exposure apparatus according to claim 4, wherein the light has a wavelength of 20 nm or less.
6. A device manufacturing method comprising the steps of:
exposing an object to be exposed using an exposure apparatus; and
developing the exposed object,
wherein said exposure apparatus includes:
a projection optical system for projecting the pattern onto the object; and
a measuring apparatus according to claim 1 for detecting a wave front aberration of the projection optical system.
7. A measuring apparatus according to claim 1, wherein each measuring light that has passed the two pairs of selecting windows has information regarding wave front aberration of the target optical system.
8. A measuring apparatus according to claim 1, wherein said measuring apparatus calculates the optical performance of the target optical system by Fourier-transforming the interference fringe.

The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.

1. A method of selecting a channel for wireless audiovisual (AV) equipment, comprising:
establishing a monitoring channel set, the monitoring channel set including at least one channel operable by the AV equipment;
establishing an operation mode as a station mode;
scanning each channel of the monitoring channel set to obtain information;
computing a parameter based upon the obtained information for each channel;
selecting a channel with optimized condition from operable channels by comparing parameters of each channel; and
forming a wireless network using the selected channel by converting the operation mode to an Access Point (AP) modes,
wherein the parameter computed by the AV equipment is computed for the at least one operable channel,
wherein the parameter includes at least one of a parameter distance, which is a distance on a frequency between the computed channel and an interference channel nearest the computed channel;
a parameter numBSS_adj, which is a number of external wireless networks within an adjacent channel scope having influence on the computed channel;
a parameter numBSS_adj_legacy, which is a number of external wireless networks of a legacy standard within an adjacent channel scope having influence on the computed channel;
a parameter interferers_loc, which is a position of an interference channel relative to the computed channel;
a parameter numBSS_nearest, which is a number of external wireless networks located at an interference channel nearest to the computed channel;
a parameter maxRSSI_nearest, which is a maximum value of signal strengths detected by a channel computed by the external wireless networks; and
a first center frequency which is a center frequency of a channel to be computed.
2. The method as recited in claim 1, wherein the wireless network is a wireless LAN.
3. The method as recited in claim 1, wherein the monitoring channel set further comprises:
a channel straddled with the at least one operable channel wherein the straddled channel is not the operable channel.
4. The method as recited in claim 1, wherein scanning each channel comprises active scanning, the active scanning being configured for a wireless communication network conforming to a communication standard of the AV equipment.
5. The method as recited in claim 4, wherein the operation of scanning comprises passive scanning, the passive scanning being configured for a wireless communication network which conforms to a communication standard different from the AV equipment communication standard.
6. The method as recited in claim 1, wherein the detected noise information includes a wireless noise signal strength of the scanned channel.
7. The method as recited in claim 1, wherein the parameter distance is a smaller value of a first difference between the first center frequency and a second center frequency and a second difference between the first center frequency and a third center frequency, wherein the second center frequency is a largest frequency among center frequencies that are smaller than the first center frequency out of a channel in which noise or an external wireless network operating in a space is detected, and wherein the third frequency a smallest frequency among frequencies that are equal to or larger than the first center frequency out of a channel in which noise or an external wireless network operate.
8. The method as recited in claim 7, wherein the second center frequency is denoted by a value of \u2212\u221e and the third center frequency is denoted by a value of \u221e when the external wireless network and noise are not detected.
9. The method as recited in claim 1, wherein an adjacent channel scope of the parameter numBSS_adj comprises a channel in which a signal size is maintained on the computed channel by a spectrum mask of a wireless LAN.
10. The method as recited in claim 1, wherein an adjacent channel scope of the parameter numBSS_adj_legacy comprises a channel in which a signal size is maintained on the computed channel computed by a spectrum mask of a wireless LAN.
11. The method as recited in claim 1, wherein the parameter interferers loc is classified into three states comprising a first state that includes no detection of external wireless or noise in any channel of the monitoring-channel set; a second state where the detected center frequency of the interference channel is a value smaller or larger than the first center frequency; and a third state configured for cases that are different and not classifiable in at least one of the first state and the second state.
12. The method as recited in claim 1, wherein the parameter maxRSSI nearest is the maximum value among signal strength values of signals detected on the computed channels by the external wireless network, the signal strength values being based on an attenuation pre-set in response to a distance from the center frequency of the computed channel.
13. The method as recited in claim 12, wherein the attenuation includes attenuation associated with a wireless LAN spectrum mask established for each external wireless network.
14. The method as recited in claim 1, wherein priority of a high discrimination standard for the parameters is given in an order of the parameter distance, the parameter numBSS_adj, the parameter numBSS_adj_legacy, the parameter interferers_loc, the parameter numBSS_nearest, the parameter maxRSSI_nearest and the first center frequency.
15. The method as recited in claim 14, wherein the AV equipment compares values of a parameter of each operable channel having the next highest priority in order to select the optimum channel when the optimum channel is not selected through a comparison of the parameter of each operable channel having the highest priority.
16. The method as recited in claim 1, wherein the channel states of the parameter numBSS_adj, the parameter numBSS_adj_legacy, the parameter numBSS_nearest, the parameter maxRSSI_nearest and the first center frequency are discriminated as satisfactory if the values are small with respect to other values corresponding to each parameter, while the channel state of the parameter distance is discriminated as satisfactory if the value is large with respect to other values of parameter distance.
17. A method of selecting a channel for wireless audiovisual (AV) equipment comprising:
establishing a monitoring channel set, the monitoring channel set including at least one channel operable by the AV equipment;
scanning channels of the monitoring channel set to obtain information,
wherein the monitoring channel set is established by a station mode;
computing a parameter from the obtained information for the channels of the monitoring channel set;
comparing parameters of the channels thereby selecting a channel with optimized condition from operable channels of the channels; and
converting the operation mode to an Access Point (AP) mode and forming a wireless network using the selected channel,
wherein the parameter is computed for at least one operable channel,
and the parameter comprises at least one of a parameter distance, which is a distance on a frequency between the computed channel and an interference channel nearest the computed channel;
a parameter numBSS_adj, which is a number of external wireless networks within an adjacent channel scope having influence on the computed channel;
a parameter numBSS_adj_legacy, which is a number of external wireless networks of a legacy standard within an adjacent channel scope having influence on the computed channel;
a parameter interferers_loc, which is a position of an interference channel relative to the computed channel;
a parameter numBSS_nearest, which is a number of external wireless networks located at an interference channel nearest to the computed channel;
a parameter maxRSSI_nearest, which is a maximum value among signal strengths detected by a channel computed by the external wireless networks;
and a first center frequency, which is a center frequency to be computed.

1. A method of identifying a candidate p53 pathway modulating agent, said method comprising the steps of:
(a) providing an assay system comprising a SCD polypeptide selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOs: 10-12, or a functionally active fragment or derivative thereof;
(b) contacting the assay system with a candidate test agent; and
(c) determining the expression or activity of the SCD polypeptide in the assay system, wherein a change in SCD polypeptide expression or activity between the presence and absence of said candidate test agent indicates the presence of a candidate p53 pathway modulating agent.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the assay system comprises cultured cells that express the SCD polypeptide.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein the cultured cells additionally have defective p53 function.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the assay system includes a screening assay comprising a SCD polypeptide and the candidate test agent is a small molecule modulator.
5. The method of claim 4, wherein the screening assay is a desaturase assay.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein the assay system is selected from the group consisting of an apoptosis assay system, a cell proliferation assay system, an angiogenesis assay system, and a hypoxic induction assay system.
7. The method of claim 1, wherein the assay system includes a binding assay comprising a SCD polypeptide and the candidate test agent is an antibody.
8. The method of claim 1, wherein the assay system includes an expression assay comprising a SCD nucleic acid and the candidate test agent is a nucleic acid modulator.
9. The method of claim 8, wherein the nucleic acid modulator is an antisense oligomer.
10. The method of claim 8, wherein the nucleic acid modulator is a PMO.
11. The method of claim 1 additionally comprising:
(d) administering the candidate p53 pathway modulating agent identified in (c) to a model system comprising cells defective in p53 function and, detecting a phenotypic change in the model system that indicates that the p53 function is restored when compared relative to wild-type cells.
12. The method of claim 11, wherein the model system is a mouse model with defective p53 function.
13. A method for modulating a p53 pathway of a cell comprising contacting a cell defective in p53 function with a candidate modulator that specifically binds to a SCD polypeptide comprising an amino acid sequence selected from group consisting of SEQ ID NO: 10, 11, and 12, whereby p53 function is restored.
14. The method of claim 13, wherein the candidate modulator is administered to a vertebrate animal predetermined to have a disease or disorder resulting from a defect in p53 function.
15. The method of claim 13, wherein the candidate modulator is selected from the group consisting of an antibody and a small molecule.
16. The method of claim 1, comprising the additional steps of:
(d) providing a secondary assay system comprising cultured cells or a non-human animal expressing SCD,
(e) contacting the secondary assay system with the test agent of (b) or an agent derived therefrom; and
(f) determining the expression or activity of SCD in the secondary assay system, wherein a change in SCD expression or activity between the presence and absence of said candidate test agent indicates the presence of a candidate p53 pathway modulating agent.
17. The method of claim 16, wherein the secondary assay system comprises cultured cells.
18. The method of claim 16, wherein the secondary assay system comprises a nonhuman animal.
19. The method of claim 18, wherein the non-human animal mis-expresses a p53 pathway gene.
20. A method of modulating p53 pathway in a mammalian cell comprising contacting the cell with an agent that specifically binds a SCD polypeptide or nucleic acid.
21. The method of claim 20, wherein the agent is administered to a mammalian animal predetermined to have a pathology associated with the p53 pathway.
22. The method of claim 20, wherein the agent is a small molecule modulator, a nucleic acid modulator, or an antibody.
23. A method for diagnosing a disease in a patient comprising:
(a) obtaining a biological sample from the patient;
(b) contacting the sample with a probe for SCD expression;
(c) comparing results from step (b) with a control;
(d) determining whether step (c) indicates a likelihood of disease.
24. The method of claim 23, wherein said disease is cancer.
25. The method according to claim 24, wherein said cancer is a cancer as shown in Table 1 as having >25% expression level.

The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.

1. A lens barrel assembly comprising:
a barrel for housing at least a movable lens;
two guide shafts placed in the barrel so as to be parallel to an optical axis; and
a lens holder which holds the movable lens and which is movable along the optical axis under guide by the guide shafts, wherein
in the lens holder, two guide grooves to be respectively fitted to the two guide shafts are provided, and
a direction toward which an opening portion of one guide groove out of the two guide grooves is directed is different from a direction toward which an opening portion of the other guide groove is directed, wherein
the opening portion of the one guide groove is not directed toward a peripheral direction of the lens holder while the opening portion of the other guide groove is directed toward the peripheral direction of the lens holder such that the other guide groove is fitted to the other guide shaft when the lens holder is rotated or slid against the one guide shaft in such a state that the one guide groove is fitted to the one guide shaft.
2. A lens barrel assembly, comprising:
a barrel for housing at least a movable lens;
two guide shafts placed in the barrel so as to be parallel to an optical axis; and
a lens holder which holds the movable lens and which is movable along the optical axis under guide by the guide shafts, wherein
in the lens holder, two guide grooves to be respectively fitted to the two guide shafts are provided, and
a direction toward which an opening portion of one guide groove out of the two guide grooves is directed is different from a direction toward which an opening portion of the other guide groove is directed, wherein
the barrel is divisible in a direction vertical to the optical axis into a first barrel portion including the lens holder and the two guide shafts and a second barrel portion including a driving mechanism for moving the lens holder along the optical axis.
3. The lens barrel assembly as claimed in claim 2, further comprising
an elastic member which is provided at a vicinity of the one guide groove of the lens holder and which presses the vicinity of the one guide groove of the lens holder toward the guide shaft by elastic force caused by press of the second barrel portion when the second barrel portion is coupled to the first barrel portion.
4. The lens barrel assembly as claimed in claim 3, wherein
with regard to the guide groove positioned in the vicinity of the elastic member in the lens holder,
a cross section of the guide groove in a direction perpendicular to the optical axis direction is U-shaped; and
a direction of a line perpendicular to a plane including the optical axis and a straight line given by a string of points at which a bottom wall of the guide groove makes contact with the guide shaft is identical to a direction of a normal line orthogonal to the bottom wall of the guide groove and orthogonal to the straight line, and moreover the guide groove is opened along the direction of the normal line.
5. The lens barrel assembly as claimed in claim 4, wherein
the movable lens and the lens holder that holds the movable lens are provided in a plural quantity, and
for all the lens holders, the one identical guide shaft is to be inserted through the guide groove located in the vicinity of the elastic member.
6. An assembling method for a lens barrel assembly, comprising:
fitting one guide groove out of two guide grooves, which are provided in a lens holder for holding a lens, to one guide shaft out of two guide shafts placed in a barrel in parallel to an optical axis;
with the one guide groove fitted to the one guide shaft, making the lens holder rotated or slid against the one guide shaft so that the other guide groove whose opening portion is directed toward a direction different from a direction toward which an opening portion of the one guide groove is directed is fitted to the other guide shaft; and
pressing a vicinity of the one guide groove in the lens holder toward the guide shaft by an elastic member provided at the vicinity of the one guide groove in the lens holder.