All The Claims

1. A completion device for a wellbore, comprising:
an interior layer that swells when exposed to a wellbore fluid; and
an exterior layer encasing the interior layer and configured of shape-memory alloy to be impermeable to the wellbore fluid at temperatures below an activation depth temperature, and configured to be permeable to the wellbore fluid at temperatures above the activation depth temperature to expose the interior layer.
2. The completion device of claim 1, wherein the interior layer comprises an elastomeric material.
3. The completion device of claim 1, wherein the exterior layer is resistive to chemical degradation by water or hydrocarbon.
4. The completion device of claim 3, wherein the exterior layer is resistive to chemical degradation by aqueous hydrogen sulfide, brine, or dissolved carbon dioxide.
5. The completion device of claim 1, wherein the exterior layer comprises an alloy having a melting temperature of within about 5\xb0 F. of the activation depth temperature, wherein the exterior layer melts at an activation depth to expose the interior layer to the wellbore fluid.
6. The completion device of claim 1, wherein the shape-memory alloy comprises a Cu\u2014Al\u2014Ni alloy, an Fe\u2014Mn\u2014Si\u2014Cr\u2014Ni alloy, a Cu50Zr50 alloy, or a NiTi alloy.
7. The completion device of claim 1, wherein the interior and exterior layers are annular and concentric.
8. The completion device of claim 7, wherein:
the interior layer is disposed around a downhole tool and is swellable between a pre-activation diameter that is less than an inside diameter of the wellbore and a post-activation diameter that is greater than the pre-activation diameter; and
the completion device is configured to sealingly engage a side of the wellbore when the interior layer swells to the post-activation diameter.
9. The completion device of claim 1, wherein the interior layer or the exterior layer comprises one or more arc-shaped segments.
10. A method of deploying a completion device into a wellbore, comprising:
encasing an interior layer of the completion device in a temperature-sensitive exterior layer of shape-memory alloy that is impermeable to a fluid in the wellbore at temperatures below an activation depth temperature;
attaching the completion device on a tube string;
inserting the tube string into the wellbore;
creating a leak path in the temperature-sensitive exterior layer to expose the interior layer in response to the completion device being exposed to the activation depth temperature in the wellbore; and
swelling the interior layer with the fluid in the wellbore.
11. The method of claim 10, wherein the interior layer comprises an elastomeric material.
12. The method of claim 10, wherein the temperature sensitive exterior layer comprises an alloy having a melting temperature that is within about 5\xb0 F. of the temperature at the desired depth.
13. The method of claim 12, wherein creating the leak path in the temperature-sensitive exterior layer comprises melting at least a portion of the temperature-sensitive exterior layer.
14. The method of claim 10, wherein the temperature-sensitive exterior layer is resistive to chemical degradation by water, brine, or hydrocarbon.
15. The method of claim 14, wherein the temperature-sensitive exterior layer is resistive to chemical degradation by the presence of aqueous hydrogen sulfide or carbon dioxide in the fluid in the wellbore.
16. The method of claim 10, wherein:
creating the leak path in the temperature sensitive exterior layer comprises shrinking, warping, folding, or rupturing at least a portion of the temperature-sensitive exterior layer at the desired depth.
17. A method of deploying a packer in a wellbore, comprising:
encasing a swellable interior layer within an impermeable exterior layer of shape-memory alloy;
disposing the packer on a tube string;
inserting the tube string into the wellbore;
activating the exterior layer with a local temperature of a fluid in the wellbore at a desired depth, the local temperature within about 5\xb0 F. of an activation temperature of the alloy, the activating to create a leak path through the exterior layer such that the interior layer is exposed to the fluid in the wellbore; and
swelling the interior layer until the packer sealingly engages the wellbore.
18. The method of claim 17, wherein:
The activation temperature is a melting temperature of the alloy; and
activating the exterior layer with the local temperature comprises melting the alloy and shearing the alloy from the interior layer to create the leak path.
19. The method of claim 17, wherein:
activating the exterior layer with the local temperature comprises deforming the exterior layer at the desired depth to create the leak path.

The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.

1. A method of forming a fireproof structure for protecting water pipes of a water pipe wall in a combustion chamber against a high temperature atmosphere in the combustion chamber, wherein the water pipe wall has at least one bent part where the pipes are bent such that the water pipes are not arranged in a regular array, said method comprising:
filling concavities between adjacent water pipes with refractory castable in the at least one bent part of the water pipe wall where the water pipes are not arranged in a regular array so that the water pipes are embedded in the refractory castable and so that a high temperature atmosphere side wall surface of the water pipe wall at the at least one bent part is formed into an approximately flat surface; and
installing approximately flat-shaped refractory tiles over the surface of the refractory castable, said installing including engaging fastening members that are attached to the water pipes with grooves in the refractory tiles and gluing the refractory tiles to the approximately flat surface of the refractory castable with an adhesive agent by spraying the adhesive agent on the refractory castable.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein said filling comprises applying the refractory castable to the water pipes so that the ratio of the thickness of the refractory castable to the radius of the water pipes falls in a range of approximately 1 to 1.5.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the combustion chamber is in a stoker type incinerator having a retention time of secondary air of 2 seconds or more and combustion gas temperature at an outlet of the incinerator reaches about 900\xb0 C. to 1200\xb0 C.
4. The method of claim 1, further comprising draining water from water drain holes formed in fins connecting the adjacent water pipes after said filling.
5. A fireproof structure for protecting water pipes of a water pipe wall formed in a combustion chamber against a high temperature in the combustion chamber, the water pipe wall having at least one bent part where the water pipes are bent such that the water pipes are not arranged in a regular array, comprising:
a refractory castable filled in concavities between adjacent water pipes at least in the at least one bent part where the water pipes are not arranged in a regular array such that the water pipes are embedded in the refractory castable and a high temperature atmosphere side wall of the water pipe wall at the at least one bent part is formed into an approximately flat surface; and
flat-shaped refractory tiles installed over the approximately flat surface of the refractory castable, wherein fastening members attached to the water pipes are engaged in grooves formed in the refractory tiles and the refractory tiles are glued to the approximately flat surface by an adhesive agent that has been sprayed onto the approximately flat surface.
6. The structure of claim 5, wherein a ratio of the thickness of the refractory castable to the radius of the water pipes falls in a range of approximately 1 to 1.5.
7. The structure of claim 5, wherein the combustion chamber is part of a stoker type incinerator in which a retention time of secondary air is 2 seconds or more and combustion gas temperature at an outlet of the incinerator reaches about 900\xb0 C. to 1200\xb0 C.

1. A handheld gripping tool device comprising:
an upper arm and lower arm whereby each of said arms comprises a planar jaw member end and a handle arm end,
said upper arm and said lower arm being connected at a pivotable attachment,
a lock adapted to secure said upper arm and lower arm in a static position with respecting to each other;
said upper arm having a lock release lever and said lower arm having a screw means adapted to adjust the height of a gap between the planar jaw members of said upper arm and lower arm,
said jaw member ends having a textured inner surface,
said textured inner surfaces of said jaw member ends being in opposition with respect to one another;
said jaw member ends having an aligned \u201cU\u201d shaped recess cut away from a front edge of said jaw members and adapted to accommodate a fastener therethrough;
said textured inner surface of said jaw member ends comprising a widened area having lateral edges;
said lateral edges further comprising notched grooves therealong adapted to facilitate metal bending operations.
2. The device of claim 1, wherein:
said handle arm ends are covered in a high friction material.
3. The device of claim 1, wherein:
said lower handle arm ends employ molded finger grips.
4. The device of claim 1, wherein:
said upper arm and said lower arm have a downwardly curving portion between their pivotal attachment and said planar jaw member ends thereof.

The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.

What is claimed is:

1. A display system, comprising:
at least one fluorescent material having an absorption band; and
a projection assembly having an electromagnetic radiation source, the projection assembly configured to direct radiation of one or more selected wavelengths within the absorption band of the fluorescent material toward the fluorescent material to cause at least a portion of the fluorescent material to fluoresce.
2. The system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the fluorescent material is carried on a support.
3. The system as claimed in claim 2, wherein the support is a laminated article having a first ply and a second ply.
4. The system as claimed in claim 3, wherein the fluorescent material is located between the first and second plies.
5. The system as claimed in claim 2, wherein the support is a monolithic article.
6. The system as claimed in claim 2, including a functional coating located on the support.
7. The system as claimed in claim 2, wherein the support is an automotive transparency.
8. The system as claimed in claim 3, wherein at least one of the first and second plies is selected from glass, plastic, and ceramic.
9. The system as claimed in claim 7, wherein at least one of the first and second plies is selected from annealed glass, tempered glass, and heat strengthened glass.
10. The system as claimed in claim 3, including an interlayer located between the first and second plies, with the fluorescent material located between the first ply and the interlayer.
11. The system as claimed in claim 9, including a functional coating located between the second ply and the interlayer.
12. The system as claimed in claim 9, wherein the interlayer is selected from polyvinyl butyral, plasticized polyvinyl chloride, and polyethylene terephthalate.
13. The system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the projection assembly is controlled to cause the fluorescent material to form an image.
14. The system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the support has a first portion that is substantially transparent to the one or more selected wavelengths and a second portion that is substantially non-transparent to the one or more selected wavelengths.
15. The system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the electromagnetic radiation source includes a laser or laser diode.
16. The system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the radiation is in the range of 300 nm to 410 nm.
17. The system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the projection assembly includes a controller configured to selectively direct the radiation toward one or more selected areas of the fluorescent material.
18. The system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the projection assembly includes a directing system configured to direct the radiation from the radiation source toward the fluorescent material.
19. The system as claimed in claim 18, wherein the directing system comprises at least one mirror.
20. The system as claimed in claim 18, wherein the directing system includes a movement device configured to direct the radiation toward at least a selected area of the fluorescent material.
21. The system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the display system is a head-up display system.
22. The system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the support is selected from a commercial window, a residential window, a commercial sign, an advertising display, and an insulating glass unit.
23. A vehicle head-up display, comprising:
at least one fluorescent material having an absorption band; and
a projection assembly configured to direct radiation of one or more selected wavelengths within the absorption band of the at least one fluorescent material toward the fluorescent material to cause at least a portion of the fluorescent material to fluoresce.
24. A vehicle head-up display, comprising:
a windshield having a first ply and a second ply;
at least one fluorescent material having an adsorption band and located between the first and second ply; and
a projection assembly having an electromagnetic radiation source and configured to direct radiation of one or more selected wavelengths within the absorption band toward the fluorescent material to cause at least a portion of the fluorescent material to fluoresce to form an image.
25. A method of displaying images, comprising the steps of:
selectively directing electromagnetic radiation from a radiation source toward a support having at least one fluorescent material; and
controlling the radiation source to cause the fluorescent material to fluoresce to form an image.
26. The method as claimed in claim 25, including defining a plurality of scan paths on at least a portion of the fluorescent material and selectively energizing and deenergizing the radiation source along the scan paths to form the image.
27. The method as claimed in claim 26, including:
directing the electromagnetic radiation in a first direction along a first scan path while selectively energizing and deenergizing the radiation source;
displacing the electromagnetic radiation in a second direction substantially perpendicular to the first direction; and
directing the electromagnetic radiation in a third direction substantially parallel to the first direction while selectively energizing and deenergizing the radiation source.
28. The method as claimed in claim 25, wherein the support is an automotive transparency and the method includes moving the radiation along at least a portion of the automotive transparency to form the image.
29. The method as claimed in claim 27, including energizing and deenergizing the radiation source to form adjacent fluorescent and non-fluorescent areas on the support.
30. The method as claimed in claim 27, including blocking and unblocking radiation from the radiation source to form adjacent fluorescent and non-fluorescent areas on the support.
31. A vehicle having a head-up display as claimed in claim 24.
32. A display system, comprising:
at least one light emitting material having an absorption band; and
a projection assembly having an electromagnetic radiation source, the projection assembly configured to direct radiation of one or more selected wavelengths within the absorption band of the light emitting material toward the light emitting material to cause at least a portion of the light emitting material to emit light.
33. The system as claimed in claim 32, wherein the light emitting material is selected from the group consisting of fluorescent materials, phosphorescent materials, and mixtures thereof.
34. The system as claimed in claim 33, wherein the system is a vehicle head-up display.
35. A method of displaying images, comprising the steps of:
selectively directing electromagnetic radiation from a radiation source toward a support having one or more light emitting materials; and
controlling the radiation source to cause the light emitting material to emit light to form an image.
36. The method as claimed in claim 35, wherein the light emitting material is selected from the group consisting of fluorescent materials, phosphorescent materials, and mixtures thereof.