All The Claims

1. An automatic evaluation method for automatically evaluating a program operating on a target system by referring to an output screen as a result of a simulation corresponding to an arbitrary input event, the automatic evaluation method being characterized in that an automatic evaluation is carried out by:
performing the simulation and making reference to the output screen by a number of times corresponding to the number of states of the output screen on which the input event is reflected and which is renewed; and
successively comparing the reference result with reference data corresponding to the number of times which is prepared in advance so that an automatic evaluation is carried out.
2. An automatic evaluation method as set forth in claim 1, characterized in that the number of times is set together with data of the input event.
3. An automatic evaluation system for automatically evaluating a program operating on a target system by referring to an output screen as a result of a simulation corresponding to an arbitrary input event, the automatic evaluation system being characterized by comprising:
output screen reference means for, while the simulation is being performed, referring to the output screen by a number of times corresponding to the number of states of the output screen on which the input event is reflected and which is renewed; and
evaluation means for successively comparing the reference result with reference data corresponding to the number of times which is prepared in advance so that an automatic evaluation is carried out.
4. An automatic evaluation system as set forth in claim 3, characterized by further comprising a simulation unit which performs the simulation and reports a display rewriting completion event every time the output screen is renewed by the number of times.
5. A storage medium storing an automatic evaluation program for automatically evaluating a program operating on a target system by referring to an output screen as a result of a simulation corresponding to an arbitrary input event, the storage medium storing the automatic evaluation program being characterized in that
the automatic evaluation program comprises:
a step of reading an input event and reference data prepared in advance for the input event;
a step of successively transmitting the read input event to cause execution of the simulation;
a step of performing the simulation and referring to the output screen by the number of times corresponding to the number of states of the output screen on which the input event is reflected and which is renewed; and
a step of carrying out an automatic evaluation by successively comparing the reference result with reference data corresponding to the number of times which is prepared in advance.
6. A storage medium storing an automatic evaluation program as set forth in claim 5, wherein said program further comprises a step of referring to the output screen every time a display rewriting completion event is received from a simulator, and repeating the automatic evaluation.

The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.

1. A multiband antenna apparatus which is installed in an electronic apparatus for a wireless communication, the multiband antenna apparatus comprising:
a low frequency antenna which transmits and receives at least one low frequency band signal; and
a high frequency antenna which transmits and receives at least one high frequency band signal,
wherein the low frequency antenna comprises a single wing part which emits an electric wave.
2. The multiband antenna apparatus of claim 1, further comprising:
at least one power supply which supplies power to the multiband antenna apparatus.
3. The multiband antenna apparatus of claim 2, wherein the wing part operates as a ground of the high frequency antenna.
4. The multiband antenna apparatus of claim 2, further comprising:
a printed circuit board (PCB) substrate which is disposed on the wing part and supports the high frequency antenna.
5. The multiband antenna apparatus of claim 2, wherein the high frequency antenna is an array antenna.
6. The multiband antenna apparatus of claim 2, wherein the high frequency band signal is in a frequency band of 60 GHz.
7. The multiband antenna apparatus of claim 2, wherein the low frequency antenna transmits and receives two low frequency band signals.
8. The multiband antenna apparatus of claim 7, wherein the two low frequency band signals are frequency band signals of 2.4 GHz and 5 GHz respectively.
9. The multiband antenna apparatus of claim 2, wherein the low frequency antenna further comprises:
a ground plate which is separated from the wing part by a predetermined distance.
10. The multiband antenna apparatus of claim 9, wherein the power supply is connected to the wing part and the ground plate.
11. The multiband antenna apparatus of claim 7, wherein the wing part comprises:
a first emitter which is connected to the power supply and emits an electric wave which transmits and receives one of the two low frequency band signals; and
a second emitter extends from a side of the first emitter and emits an electric wave which transmits and receives the other one of the two low frequency band signals.
12. The multiband antenna apparatus of claim 11, wherein the high frequency antenna is disposed on the first emitter.
13. The multiband antenna apparatus of claim 7, wherein the wing part comprises:
a first ground part which is disposed on the high frequency antenna; and
a second ground part which keeps a distance from the first ground part in order to form a slot between the first and second ground parts.
14. The multiband antenna apparatus of claim 13, wherein the power supply is connected to the first and second ground parts.
15. The multiband antenna apparatus of claim 7, wherein the wing part comprises:
a first ground part which is disposed on the high frequency antenna
a second ground part which is separated by a predetermined distance from the first ground part in order to form a slot between the first and second ground parts; and
a third ground part which is separated by from the first ground part by a predetermined distance from the first ground part to form a second slot between the first and third ground parts.
16. The multiband antenna apparatus of claim 15, wherein the power supply is connected to the first, second, and third ground parts.
17. The multiband antenna apparatus of claim 9, wherein the low frequency antenna further comprises:
a subsidiary wing part which is disposed beside the wing part by a predetermined distance and amplifies an electric wave emission of the wing part.
18. The multiband antenna apparatus of claim 17, wherein the power supply comprises:
a first power supply which is connected to the wing part and the ground plate; and
a second power supply which is connected to the subsidiary wing part and the ground plate.
19. The multiband antenna apparatus of claim 17, wherein the high frequency antenna is on the wing part.
20. An electronic apparatus comprising the multiband antenna apparatus of claim 1.

1. An optical amplifier comprising:
a substrate having disposed thereon an optical waveguide, the optical waveguide having an active region,
a pump source arranged to irradiate the optical waveguide with electromagnetic radiation, and
a suitable shaped reflective element for concentrating a signal into the active region of the optical waveguide, wherein the irradiation of the optical waveguide is orthogonal to the plane of propagation of the signal,
wherein the suitable shaped reflective element is arranged such that the signal under goes total internal reflection off said element.
2. An amplifier as claimed in claim 1, wherein the reflective element is formed by etching a step into the waveguide.
3. An amplifier as claimed in claim 1, wherein the step is coated with a reflective material.
4. An amplifier as claimed in claim 1, wherein the suitable shaped reflective element is an elliptical mirror.
5. An amplifier as claimed in claim 1, wherein the suitable shaped reflective element is a pair of parabolic mirrors.
6. An optical amplifier as claimed in claim 1, wherein the active region comprises silicon nanocluster erbium doped silica.
7. An amplifier as claimed in claim 1, wherein the pump source is an array of light emitting diodes.
8. An amplifier as claimed in claim 7, wherein the light emitting diode emits electromagnetic radiation in the region of 400\u2013500 nanometers.
9. An amplifier as claimed in claim 8, wherein the light emitting diode emits electromagnetic radiation at 470 nanometers.
10. An amplifier as claimed in claim 1, further comprising an input optical waveguide and an output optical waveguide arranged to optically connect the amplifier with the signal from a communications network.
11. An amplifier as claimed in claim 10, wherein the input andor the output waveguides are tapered.
12. An amplifier as claimed in claim 1, further comprising a diffuser disposed between the light source and the waveguide.
13. An optical amplifier comprising:
a substrate having disposed thereon an optical waveguide, the optical waveguide having an active region,
a pump source arranged to irradiate the optical waveguide with electromagnetic radiation, and
a suitable shaped reflective element for concentrating a signal into the active region of the optical waveguide, wherein the suitable shaped reflective element is an elliptical mirror, and wherein the irradiation of the optical waveguide is orthogonal to the plane of propagation of the signal.
14. An optical amplifier comprising:
a substrate having disposed thereon an optical waveguide, the optical waveguide having an active region,
a pump source arranged to irradiate the optical waveguide with electromagnetic radiation, and
a suitable shaped reflective element for concentrating a signal into the active region of the optical waveguide, wherein the suitable shaped reflective element is a pair of parabolic mirrors, and wherein the irradiation of the optical waveguide is orthogonal to the plane of propagation of the signal.

The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.

1. A vehicle-mounted synthetic aperture system comprising:
a ping transmitter configured to transmit a series of pings;
an array of receiving elements configured to receive a ping return for each transmitted ping;
a plurality of acquisition circuits, each connected to one of the receiving elements and configured to produce digital sampled data at a plurality of points in time;
a processing unit configured to receive the sampled data; and
the processing unit being configured to receive real-time navigation state data and configured to form a plurality of stave sums, each stave sum being the sum of sampled data corresponding to a contiguous subset of the receiving elements;
the processing unit being configured to select the contiguous subset, based on the navigation state data, to form a phase center for a ping at substantially the same point as a phase center for a previous ping.
2. The synthetic aperture system of claim 1, wherein the processing unit includes a first-in first-out circuit (FIFO) configured to store the digital sampled data.
3. The synthetic aperture system of claim 2, wherein the processing unit includes a summation circuit connected to the FIFO, the summation circuit configured to form a plurality of stave sums from digital sampled data received from the FIFO.
4. The synthetic aperture system of claim 1, wherein the processing unit includes a plurality of FIFOs, each FIFO configured to store digital sampled data from a respective subset of the acquisition circuits.
5. The synthetic aperture system of claim 4, wherein the processing unit includes a plurality of first summation circuits, each first summation circuit configured to sum data received from a respective FIFO.
6. The synthetic aperture system of claim 5, wherein the processing unit includes a second summation circuit, the second summation circuit configured to sum data received from the first summation circuits.
7. The synthetic aperture system of claim 1, wherein the processing unit is configured to receive vehicle velocity data from a navigation calculator, and to estimate the distance the vehicle moved between the ping and the previous ping.
8. The synthetic aperture system of claim 7, wherein the processing unit is configured to select the contiguous subset based on the estimated distance moved.
9. A method for processing digital sampled data from a plurality of receiving elements in a vehicle-mounted synthetic aperture system, the digital sampled data corresponding to a current ping, the method comprising:
selecting contiguous subsets of the digital sampled data, each contiguous subset corresponding to a contiguous set of receiving elements, and
forming the sum of each of the selected contiguous subsets of the digital sampled data,
wherein a first contiguous subset, corresponding to a first contiguous set of receiving elements, is selected so that, for the current ping, a phase center of the first contiguous set of receiving elements is located at substantially the same point as a phase center, for a preceding ping, for a second contiguous set of receiving elements.
10. The method of claim 9, further comprising:
receiving vehicle velocity data; and
integrating the velocity data to estimate the change in the position of the vehicle between the current ping and the preceding ping.
11. The method of claim 10, wherein the integrating of the velocity data comprises converting the velocity data from north, east, down, (NED) format, into orthogonal coordinates aligned with axes of the vehicle.
12. The method of claim 9, wherein the selecting of contiguous subsets of the digital sampled data comprises:
estimating the distance traveled by the vehicle;
computing the shift for a contiguous subset of the digital sampled data, relative to a null shift, as a distance; and
converting the shift calculated as a distance to a shift calculated as a number of receiving elements.
13. The method of claim 12, wherein the computing of the shift for a contiguous subset of the digital sampled data, relative to a null shift, as a distance, comprises evaluating:
shift
\ue89e
\ue89e
2

\u2261
R
\ue89e
\ue89e

2
\u2032
–

R
\ue89e
\ue89e
2
shift
\ue89e
\ue89e
1

\u2261
R
\ue89e
\ue89e

1
\u2032
–

R
\ue89e
\ue89e
1
PC
\ue89e
\ue89e

1
\u2032
\u2261
T
\ue89e
\ue89e
1

+

R
\ue89e
\ue89e

1
\u2032
2
PC
\ue89e
\ue89e

2
\u2032
\u2261
T
\ue89e
\ue89e
2

+

R
\ue89e
\ue89e

2
\u2032
2
PC
\ue89e
\ue89e

2
\u2032
\u2261
PC
\ue89e
\ue89e

1
\u2032
+

n
\ue89e
\ue89e
pcSpacing
T
\ue89e
\ue89e
2

+

R
\ue89e
\ue89e
2

+

shift
\ue89e
\ue89e
2
=
T
\ue89e
\ue89e
1

+

R
\ue89e
\ue89e
1

+

shift
\ue89e
\ue89e
1

+

2
\ue89e
n
\ue89e
\ue89e
pcSpacing
shift
\ue89e
\ue89e
2

=
–

(
T
\ue89e
\ue89e
2

–

T
\ue89e
\ue89e
1
)
–

(
R
\ue89e
\ue89e
2

–

R
\ue89e
\ue89e
1
)

+

shift
\ue89e
\ue89e
1

+

2
\ue89e
n
\ue89e
\ue89e
pcSpacing
,
\ue89e
and
shift
\ue89e
\ue89e
2

=
2
\ue89e
n
\ue89e
\ue89e
pcSpacing

–

2
\ue89e
distAdv

+

shift
\ue89e
\ue89e
1
,
wherein:
R1 and R2 are the receiver positions of a stave on the preceding ping and the current ping, respectively,
R1\u2032 and R2\u2032 are the shifted receiver positions of the stave on the preceding ping and the current ping, respectively,
T1 and T2 are the transmitter positions on the preceding ping and the current ping, respectively,
PC1\u2032 and PC2\u2032 are the shifted positions of the phase centers of the stave on the preceding ping and the current ping, respectively,
shift2 is the shift, as a distance, to be used on the current ping,
shift1 is the shift, as a distance, used on the previous ping,
distAdv is the distance advanced by the vehicle between the previous ping and the current ping, and
pcSpacing is the phase center spacing across the aperture, and
n is an integer.
14. The method of claim 13, wherein n is chosen to minimize the magnitude of shift2.
15. The method of claim 13, comprising calculating a non-integer value corresponding to n, according to
n
fractional

=
1
pcSpacing

\ue89e
(

distAdv
–
shift
\ue89e
\ue89e
1

2
)

.
16. The method of claim 15, comprising calculating n according to the equation
n=round(nfractional).
17. The method of claim 16, comprising calculating the shift as a number of receiving array elements according to the equation:
elementShift
=
round
\ue8a0

(
shift
\ue89e
\ue89e
2

elementSpacing

)
.