1. An apparatus for unified down-conversion and filtering, comprising:
a down conversion module comprising first and second sampling circuits, each circuit comprised of a switching device and a storage module;
the first sampling circuit receiving as an input an RF information signal, and providing as an output a first down-converted signal;
the second sampling circuit receiving as an input the output down-converted signal from the first sampling circuit and providing as an output a second down-converted signal that is phase shifted relative to the first down-converted signal;
the switching device of the first sampling circuit receiving as an input a first control signal and the switching device of the second sampling circuit receiving as in input a second control signal that differs in phase from the first control signal; and
the first control signal controlling a charging and discharging cycle of the storage module of the first sampling circuit by controlling the switching device of the first sampling circuit so that a portion of energy is transferred from the RF information signal to the storage module of the first sampling circuit during a charging part of the cycle and a portion of the transferred energy is discharged during a discharging part of the cycle, and the first control signal operating at an aliasing rate selected so that energy of the RF information signal is sampled and applied to the storage module of the first sampling circuit at a frequency that is equal to or less than twice the frequency of the RF information signal, and wherein the storage module of the first sampling circuit generates said down-converted signal from the alternate charging and discharging applied to the storage module of the first sampling circuit using said first control signal;
a delay module comprising first and second delay circuits;
the first delay circuit receiving at its input (i) the second down-converted signal that is phase shifted, and (ii) the first control signal, and outputting a delayed version of the second down-converted signal; and
the second delay circuit receiving at its input (i) the delayed version of the second down-converted signal, and (ii) the second control signal, and outputting a version of the second down-converted signal that is further delayed relative to the output of the first delay circuit; and
a summing module that forms a final down-converted, filtered output signal by combining the second down-converted, phase shifted signal output from the second sampling circuit and the further delayed version of the second down-converted signal output by the second delay circuit.
2. The apparatus of claim 1, further comprising a scaling module that multiplies the further delayed version of the second down-converted signal by a specified value.
3. The apparatus of claim 2, wherein the scaling module comprises a scaling circuit that includes one or more components configured to perform signal scaling on the further delayed version of the second down-converted signal.
4. The apparatus of claim 3, wherein the scaling circuit used to scale the further delayed version of the second down-converted signal comprises an amplifier circuit.
5. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the apparatus for unified down-conversion and filtering is implemented in a receiver.
6. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the apparatus for unified down-conversion and filtering is implemented in a transceiver.
7. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the apparatus for unified down-conversion and filtering is implemented in a cellular phone.
8. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the apparatus for unified down-conversion and filtering is implemented to process a data communication.
9. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the apparatus for unified down-conversion and filtering is implemented in a wireless network.
10. The apparatus of claim 9, wherein the wireless network comprises a wide area network (WAN).
11. The apparatus of claim 9, wherein the wireless network comprises a local area network (LAN).
12. The apparatus of claim 9, wherein the wireless network comprises communication from a first peripheral device to a second peripheral device.
13. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the apparatus for unified down-conversion and filtering is implemented in positioning and location circuitry.
14. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the apparatus for unified down-conversion and filtering is implemented in Global Positioning System (GPS) circuitry.
15. The apparatus of claim 1, further comprising an output sample and hold module including a third switching device and a third storage device, the output sample and hold module storing a portion of the further delayed version of the second down-converted signal in the third storage module at each clock cycle of the first control signal, the stored portions of the further delayed version of the second down-converted signal forming a sampled, down-converted, filtered output signal.
16. An apparatus for unified down-conversion and filtering, comprising:
a down conversion module comprising first and second sampling circuits, each circuit comprised of a switching device and a storage module;
the first sampling circuit receiving as an input an RF information signal, and providing as an output a first down-converted signal;
the second sampling circuit receiving as an input the output down-converted signal from the first sampling circuit and providing as an output a second down-converted signal that is phase shifted relative to the first down-converted signal;
the switching device of the first sampling circuit receiving as an input a first control signal and the switching device of the second sampling circuit receiving as in input a second control signal that differs in phase from the first control signal; and
the first control signal controlling a charging and discharging cycle of the storage module of the first sampling circuit by controlling the switching device of the first sampling circuit so that a portion of energy is transferred from the RF information signal to the storage module of the first sampling circuit during a charging part of the cycle and a portion of the transferred energy is discharged during a discharging part of the cycle, and the first control signal operating at an aliasing rate selected so that energy of the RF information signal is sampled and applied to the storage module of the first sampling circuit at a frequency that is equal to or less than twice the frequency of the RF information signal, and wherein the storage module of the first sampling circuit generates said down-converted signal from the alternate charging and discharging applied to the storage module of the first sampling circuit using said first control signal;
a first delay module comprising first and second delay circuits;
a first delay circuit receiving at its input (i) the second down-converted signal that is phase shifted, and (ii) the first control signal, and outputting a delayed version of the second down-converted signal; and
the second delay circuit receiving at its input (i) the delayed version of the second down-converted signal, and (ii) the second control signal, and outputting a version of the second down-converted signal that is further delayed relative to the output of the first delay circuit;
a second delay module comprising third and fourth delay circuits;
the third delay circuit receiving at its input (i) the further delayed version of the second down-converted signal, and (ii) the first control signal, and outputting a subsequently delayed version of the further delayed version second down-converted signal; and
the fourth delay circuit receiving at its input (i) the subsequently delayed version of the further delayed version second down-converted signal, and (ii) the second control signal, and outputting a version of the second down-converted signal that is further delayed relative to the output of the third delay circuit;
a first scaling module that multiplies the further delayed version of the second down-converted signal that was output by the second delay circuit by a first specified value;
a second scaling module that multiplies the subsequently delayed version of the second down-converted signal that was output by the fourth delay circuit by a second specified value;
a first summing module that combines the further delayed, scaled version of the second down-converted signal output by the second delay circuit and the subsequently delayed, scaled version of the second down-converted signal output by the fourth delay circuit to create a combined delayed output signal; and
a second summing module that forms a final down-converted, filtered output signal by combining the second down-converted, phase shifted signal output from the second sampling circuit and the combined delayed output signal that was output by the first summing module.
17. The apparatus of claim 16, wherein the first and second scaling modules comprise scaling circuits that each include one or more components configured to perform signal scaling on the further delayed version of the second down-converted signal that was output by the second delay circuit and the subsequently delayed version of the second down-converted signal that was output by the fourth delay circuit.
18. The apparatus of claim 17, wherein the scaling circuits comprise amplifier circuits.
19. The apparatus of claim 16, wherein the apparatus for unified down-conversion and filtering is implemented in a receiver.
20. The apparatus of claim 16, wherein the apparatus for unified down-conversion and filtering is implemented in a transceiver.
21. The apparatus of claim 16, wherein the apparatus for unified down-conversion and filtering is implemented in a cellular phone.
22. The apparatus of claim 16, wherein the apparatus for unified down-conversion and filtering is implemented to process a data communication.
23. The apparatus of claim 16, wherein the apparatus for unified down-conversion and filtering is implemented in a wireless network.
24. The apparatus of claim 23, wherein the wireless network comprises a wide area network (WAN).
25. The apparatus of claim 23, wherein the wireless network comprises a local area network (LAN).
26. The apparatus of claim 23, wherein the wireless network comprises communication from a first peripheral device to a second peripheral device.
27. The apparatus of claim 16, wherein the apparatus for unified down-conversion and filtering is implemented in positioning and location circuitry.
28. The apparatus of claim 16, wherein the apparatus for unified down-conversion and filtering is implemented in Global Positioning System (GPS) circuitry.
29. The apparatus of claim 16, further comprising an output sample and hold module including a third switching device and a third storage device, the output sample and hold module storing a portion of the final down-converted, filtered output signal in the third storage module at each clock cycle of the first control signal, the stored portions of the final down-converted, filtered output signal forming a sampled, down-converted, filtered output signal.
30. An apparatus for unified down-conversion and filtering, comprising:
a down conversion module comprising first and second sampling circuits, each circuit comprised of a switching device and a storage module;
the first sampling circuit receiving as an input an RF information signal, and providing as an output a first down-converted signal;
the second sampling circuit receiving as an input the output down-converted signal from the first sampling circuit and providing as an output a second down-converted signal that is phase shifted relative to the first down-converted signal;
the switching device of the first sampling circuit receiving as an input a first control signal and the switching device of the second sampling circuit receiving as in input a second control signal that differs in phase from the first control signal; and
the first control signal controlling a charging and discharging cycle of the storage module of the first sampling circuit by controlling the switching device of the first sampling circuit so that a portion of energy is transferred from the RF information signal to the storage module of the first sampling circuit during a charging part of the cycle and a portion of the transferred energy is discharged during a discharging part of the cycle, and the first control signal operating at an aliasing rate selected so that energy of the RF information signal is sampled and applied to the storage module of the first sampling circuit at a frequency that is equal to or less than twice the frequency of the RF information signal, and wherein the storage module of the first sampling circuit generates said down-converted signal from the alternate charging and discharging applied to the storage module of the first sampling circuit using said first control signal;
a first delay module comprising first and second delay circuits;
a first delay circuit receiving at its input (i) the second down-converted signal that is phase shifted, and (ii) the first control signal, and outputting a delayed version of the second down-converted signal; and
the second delay circuit receiving at its input (i) the delayed version of the second down-converted signal, and (ii) the second control signal, and outputting a version of the second down-converted signal that is further delayed relative to the output of the first delay circuit;
a second delay module comprising third and fourth delay circuits;
the third delay circuit receiving at its input (i) the further delayed version of the second down-converted signal, and (ii) the first control signal, and outputting a subsequently delayed version of the further delayed version second down-converted signal; and
the fourth delay circuit receiving at its input (i) the subsequently delayed version of the further delayed version second down-converted signal, and (ii) the second control signal, and outputting a version of the second down-converted signal that is further delayed relative to the output of the third delay circuit;
a first scaling module that multiplies the further delayed version of the second down-converted signal that was output by the second delay circuit by a first specified value;
a second scaling module that multiplies the subsequently delayed version of the second down-converted signal that was output by the fourth delay circuit by a second specified value;
a first summing module that combines the further delayed, scaled version of the second down-converted signal output by the second delay circuit and the subsequently delayed, scaled version of the second down-converted signal output by the fourth delay circuit to create a combined delayed output signal;
a second summing module that forms a final down-converted, filtered output signal by combining the second down-converted, phase shifted signal output from the second sampling circuit and the combined delayed output signal that was output by the first summing module; and
an output sample and hold module including a third switching device and a third storage device, the output sample and hold module storing a portion of the final down-converted, filtered output signal in the third storage module at each clock cycle of the first control signal, the stored portions of the final down-converted, filtered output signal forming a sampled, down-converted, filtered output signal.
31. The apparatus of claim 30, wherein the first and second scaling modules comprise scaling circuits that each include one or more components configured to perform signal scaling on the further delayed version of the second down-converted signal that was output by the second delay circuit and the subsequently delayed version of the second down-converted signal that was output by the fourth delay circuit.
32. The apparatus of claim 31, wherein the scaling circuits comprise amplifier circuits.
33. The apparatus of claim 30, wherein the apparatus for unified down-conversion and filtering is implemented in a receiver.
34. The apparatus of claim 30, wherein the apparatus for unified down-conversion and filtering is implemented in a transceiver.
35. The apparatus of claim 30, wherein the apparatus for unified down-conversion and filtering is implemented in a cellular phone.
36. The apparatus of claim 30, wherein the apparatus for unified down-conversion and filtering is implemented to process a data communication.
37. The apparatus of claim 30, wherein the apparatus for unified down-conversion and filtering is implemented in a wireless network.
38. The apparatus of claim 37, wherein the wireless network comprises a wide area network (WAN).
39. The apparatus of claim 37, wherein the wireless network comprises a local area network (LAN).
40. The apparatus of claim 37, wherein the wireless network comprises communication from a first peripheral device to a second peripheral device.
41. The apparatus of claim 30, wherein the apparatus for unified down-conversion and filtering is implemented in positioning and location circuitry.
42. The apparatus of claim 30, wherein the apparatus for unified down-conversion and filtering is implemented in Global Positioning System (GPS) circuitry.
The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claims which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.
1. A communication system including a transmission device configured to transmit a packet and a reception device configured to receive the packet, wherein:
the reception device includes:
a behavior information acquisition unit configured to acquire behavior information that represents behavior of the received packet from when the packet is transmitted by the transmission device to when the packet reaches the reception device;
a model specification information acquisition unit configured to acquire model specification information for specifying a mathematical model representing the behavior of a plurality of packets based on the behavior information acquired for each of the plurality of packets; and
a model specification information transmission unit configured to transmit the acquired model specification information to the transmission device; and
the transmission device includes a model specification information reception unit configured to receive the model specification information transmitted by the reception device.
2. The communication system according to claim 1, wherein the model specification information has a smaller information amount than an information amount of the plurality of behavior information.
3. The communication system according to claim 1, wherein the transmission device includes a bit rate regulation unit configured to regulate a bit rate of data that is a source of a packet transmitted to the reception device, based on the mathematical model specified by the received model specification information.
4. The communication system according to claim 1, wherein the transmission device includes a packet redundancy number regulation unit configured to, in a case of being configured to transmit a plurality of same packets, regulate a redundancy number, which is a number of the same packets transmitted by the transmission device, based on the mathematical model specified by the received model specification information.
5. The communication system according to claim 1, wherein:
the reception device includes:
a model specification information storage unit configured to store the acquired model specification information; and
a difference information transmission unit configured to transmit difference information that represents a difference between the model specification information acquired and stored in the past and model specification information acquired at the present moment, to the transmission device; and
the transmission device includes a difference information reception unit configured to receive the difference information transmitted by the reception device.
6. The communication system according to claim 1, wherein:
the mathematical model is a model represented by a function using at least one model parameter; and
the model specification information is information that represents the model parameter.
7. The communication system according to claim 1, wherein the mathematical model is a model represented by a probability density function using the behavior information as a random variable.
8. The communication system according to claim 7, wherein:
the probability density function is a probability density function representing a normal distribution; and
the model specification information is information that represents a mean and a variance of the normal distribution.
9. The communication system according to claim 7, wherein:
the probability density function is a probability density function representing a gamma distribution; and
the model specification information is information that represents a shape parameter and a scale parameter of the gamma distribution.
10. The communication system according to claim 1, wherein the mathematical model is a hidden Markov model using the behavior information as a symbol.
11. The communication system according to claim 1, wherein the behavior information includes information representing a delay time, which is a time for the packet to reach the reception device after being transmitted by the transmission device.
12. The communication system according to claim 1, wherein the behavior information includes information that represents a difference between a first delay time for one of two packets successively received by the reception device to reach the reception device after being transmitted by the transmission device and a second delay time for the other of the two packets to reach the reception device after being transmitted by the transmission device.
13. A communication method applied to a communication system including a transmission device configured to transmit a packet and a reception device configured to receive the packet, the communication method comprising:
acquiring behavior information that represents behavior of the packet received by the reception device from when the packet is transmitted by the transmission device to when the packet reaches the reception device, by the reception device;
acquiring model specification information for specifying a mathematical model representing the behavior of a plurality of packets based on the behavior information acquired for each of the plurality of packets, by the reception device;
transmitting the acquired model specification information to the transmission device, by the reception device; and
receiving the model specification information transmitted by the reception device, by the transmission device.
14. The communication method according to claim 13, wherein the model specification information has a smaller information amount than an information amount of the plurality of behavior information.
15. A reception device configured to receive a packet transmitted by a transmission device, the reception device comprising:
a behavior information acquisition unit configured to acquire behavior information that represents behavior of the received packet from when the packet is transmitted by the transmission device to when the packet reaches the reception device;
a model specification information acquisition unit configured to acquire model specification information for specifying a mathematical model representing the behavior of a plurality of packets based on the behavior information acquired for each of the plurality of packets; and
a model specification information transmission unit configured to transmit the acquired model specification information to the transmission device.
16. The reception device according to claim 15, wherein the model specification information has a smaller information amount than an information amount of the plurality of behavior information.
17. A computer-readable recording medium that records a computer program comprising instructions for causing a reception device configured to receive a packet transmitted by a transmission devise to realize:
a behavior information acquisition unit configured to acquire behavior information that represents behavior of the received packet from when the packet is transmitted by the transmission device to when the packet reaches the reception device;
a model specification information acquisition unit configured to acquire model specification information for specifying a mathematical model representing the behavior of a plurality of packets based on the behavior information acquired for each of the plurality of packets; and
a model specification information transmission unit configured to transmit the acquired model specification information to the transmission device.
18. The recording medium according to claim 17, wherein the model specification information has a smaller information amount than an information amount of the plurality of behavior information.
19. A transmission device configured to transmit a packet to a reception device, the transmission device comprising a model specification information reception unit configured to receive model specification information, which is information transmitted by the reception device and is information for specifying a mathematical model representing behavior of a plurality of packets from when the plurality of packets are transmitted by the transmission device to when the plurality of packets reach the reception device.
20. The transmission device according to claim 19, wherein the model specification information has a smaller information amount than an information amount of the plurality of behavior information.
21. A computer-readable recording medium that records a computer program comprising instructions for causing a transmission device configured to transmit a packet to a reception device to realize a model specification information reception unit configured to receive model specification information, which is information transmitted by the reception device and is information for specifying a mathematical model representing behavior of a plurality of packets from when the plurality of packets are transmitted by the transmission device to when the plurality of packets reach the reception device.
22. The recording medium according to claim 21, wherein the model specification information has a smaller information amount than an information amount of the plurality of behavior information.
23. A communication system including a transmission device configured to transmit a packet and a reception device configured to receive the packet, wherein:
the reception device includes:
a behavior information acquisition means configured to acquire behavior information that represents behavior of the received packet from when the packet is transmitted by the transmission device to when the packet reaches the reception device;
a model specification information acquisition means configured to acquire model specification information for specifying a mathematical model representing the behavior of a plurality of packets based on the behavior information acquired for each of the plurality of packets; and
a model specification information transmission means configured to transmit the acquired model specification information to the transmission device; and
the transmission device includes a model specification information reception means configured to receive the model specification information transmitted by the reception device.
24. A reception device configured to receive a packet transmitted by a transmission device, the reception device comprising:
a behavior information acquisition means configured to acquire behavior information that represents behavior of the received packet from when the packet is transmitted by the transmission device to when the packet reaches the reception device;
a model specification information acquisition means configured to acquire model specification information for specifying a mathematical model representing the behavior of a plurality of packets based on the behavior information acquired for each of the plurality of packets; and
a model specification information transmission means configured to transmit the acquired model specification information to the transmission device.
25. A transmission device configured to transmit a packet to a reception device, the transmission device comprising a model specification information reception means configured to receive model specification information, which is information transmitted by the reception device and is information for specifying a mathematical model representing behavior of a plurality of packets from when the plurality of packets are transmitted by the transmission device to when the plurality of packets reach the reception device.