1. A carbon pyrolyzate adsorbent, having the following characteristics: (a) CO.sub.2 capacity greater than 105 ccgram at one bar pressure and temperature of 273.degree. Kelvin; (b) CO.sub.2 Working Capacity greater than 7.0 weight percent; (c) CO.sub.2 heats of adsorption and desorption each of which is in a range of from 10 to 50 kJmole; and (d) a CO.sub.2N.sub.2 Henry’s Law Separation Factor greater than 5.
2. The adsorbent of claim 1, having an average particle diameter greater than 50 \u03bcm.
3. The adsorbent of claim 1, comprising particles of diameter in a range of from 150 to 500 \u03bcm.
4. The adsorbent of claim 1, having a bulk density greater than 0.55 gmL.
5. The adsorbent of claim 1, having a water adsorptive capacity of less than 5% by weight, based on weight of the adsorbent, at 303\xb0 Kelvin and 40% relative humidity.
6. The adsorbent of claim 1, having porosity characterized by average pore size below 1 nm.
7. The adsorbent of claim 1, having porosity at least 50% of the pore volume of which is constituted by pores in a pore size range of from 0.35 to 0.7 nm.
8. The adsorbent of claim 1, having an attrition rate index less than 1 wt %hr as measured by the procedure of ASTM D 5757.
9. The adsorbent of claim 1, having an N2 BET surface area of at least 800 m2 per gram.
10. The adsorbent of claim 1, having an N2 micropore volume of at least 0.2 milliliters per gram.
11. The adsorbent of claim 1, wherein the adsorbent is a pyrolyzate of a PVDC homopolymer or a PVDC copolymer.
12. The adsorbent of claim 1, characterized by CO2 capture recovery of at least 90% and CO2 capture purity of at least 90%, when contacted with a simulated flue gas composition comprising air containing 15% CO2 and saturated with water vapor, at 383\xb0 Kelvin and volumetric flow rate of 100 Lminute of simulated flue gas composition per liter of bed of the adsorbent.
13. The adsorbent of claim 1, characterized by CO2 heats of adsorption and desorption each of which is in a range of from 10 to 50 kJmole.
14. A method of making a carbon material for CO2 capture, said method comprising pyrolyzing a polymeric or copolymeric resin material under conditions that are effective to yield a carbon pyrolyzate material having the following characteristics:
(a) CO2 capacity greater than 105 ccgram at one bar pressure and temperature of 273\xb0 Kelvin;
(b) CO2 Working Capacity greater than 7.0 weight percent;
(c) CO2 heats of adsorption and desorption each of which is in a range of from 10 to 50 kJmole; and
(d) a CO2N2 Henry’s Law Separation Factor greater than 5.
15. The method of claim 14, wherein the resin comprises a PVDC homopolymer or a PVDC copolymer.
16. A CO2 capture apparatus, comprising a carbon adsorbent according to claim 1, arranged for contacting CO2-containing fluid under conditions effecting adsorption of CO2 on the carbon pyrolyzate adsorbent.
17. The CO2 capture apparatus of claim 16, comprising a pressure swing adsorption system, a thermal swing adsorption system, or a vacuum swing adsorption system.
18. The CO2 capture apparatus of claim 16, wherein the apparatus is adapted to regenerate the carbon pyrolyzate adsorbent after it has become at least partially loaded with CO2.
19. A CO2 capture method, comprising contacting a CO2-containing fluid with a carbon adsorbent according to claim 1 under conditions effecting adsorption of CO2 on the carbon pyrolyzate adsorbent.
20. The CO2 capture method of claim 19, further comprising regenerating the carbon pyrolyzate adsorbent after it has become at least partially loaded with CO2.
The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.
What is claimed is:
1. A manufacturing method of an auger composed of an auger body integrally formed thereon with a spiral blade and at its opposite ends with a pair of shaft portions, comprising the steps of forming annular recesses on the shaft portions in a cutting process respectively, building up an anti-abrasive and anti-corrosive alloy by plasma-arc welding in the annular recesses of the shaft portions and finishing each built-up portion of the alloy in a grinding process to form a journal portion on the respective shaft portions of the auger,
wherein precipitation hardening stainless steel used as a base metal of the auger body is preheated for a predetermined time prior to the plasma-arc welding of the alloy and subjected to aging heat treatment caused by the preheating and welding heat during the plasma-arc welding process for precipitation hardening.
2. The manufacturing method of the auger as claimed in claim 1, wherein the precipitation hardening stainless steel used as the base metal essentially consists of 17Cr, 4Ni and 4Cu.
3. The manufacturing method of the auger as claimed in claim 1, wherein the precipitation hardening stainless steel used as the base metal essentially consists of 17Cr, 7Ni and 1Al.
4. The manufacturing method of the auger as claimed in claim 1, wherein the precipitation hardening stainless steel is preheated at a temperature of 300 C.-350 C. for twenty minutes to eighty minutes.
5. The manufacturing method of the auger as claimed in claim 1, wherein the anti-abrasive and anti-corrosive alloy contains, as main components, Co, Cr, Mo and Ni.