1. A method of closing, sealing and dressing a wound with an adhesive applicator comprising a body with an internal reservoir, adhesive disposed in the internal reservoir and an opening between the internal reservoir and the exterior of the body; a sponge disposed over the opening; a slotted tip nozzle disposed over the sponge; and a small orifice tip nozzle disposed over the slotted tip nozzle; comprising:
closing the wound by applying small drops of adhesive to the wound, the small drops being applied by forcing the adhesive from the internal reservoir through the sponge, through the slotted tip nozzle and then through the small orifice tip nozzle;
removing the small orifice tip nozzle;
sealing the wound by applying a line of adhesive to the wound with the slotted tip nozzle;
removing the slotted tip nozzle; and
dressing the wound by applying further adhesive to the wound with the sponge.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein forcing the adhesive from the internal reservoir through the sponge, through the slotted tip nozzle and then through the small orifice tip nozzle by squeezing on the body of the applicator.
3. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
adjusting the width of the line of adhesive applied by the slotted tip nozzle by rotating the applicator, thereby rotating the slotted tip nozzle.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the adhesive is a medical adhesive.
5. The method of claim 4, wherein the medical adhesive is a cyanoacrylate ester, in monomeric form, represented by formula I:
where R is selected from the group consisting of:
alkyl of 1 to 10 carbon atoms,
alkenyl of 2 to 10 carbon atoms,
cycloalkyl groups of from 5 to 8 carbon atoms, phenyl,
2-ethoxyethyl,
3-methoxybutyl,
and a substituent of the formula:
\u2003wherein each R\u2032 is independently selected from the group consisting of:
hydrogen and methyl, and
\u2003R\u2033 is selected from the group consisting of:
alkyl of from 1 to 6 carbon atoms,
alkenyl of from 2 to 6 carbon atoms,
alkynyl of from 2 to 6 carbon atoms,
cycloalkyl of from 3 to 8 carbon atoms,
aralkyl selected from the group consisting of benzyl, methylbenzyl and phenylethyl,
phenyl, and
phenyl substituted with 1 to 3 substituents selected from the group consisting of hydroxy, chloro, bromo, nitro, alkyl of 1 to 4 carbon atoms, and alkoxy of from 1 to 4 carbon atoms.
6. An applicator for closing, sealing and dressing a wound with liquid adhesive comprising a body with an internal reservoir capable of containing said liquid adhesive, a liquid adhesive-communicating opening between the internal reservoir and the exterior of the body; a liquid adhesive-permeable sponge disposed over the opening; a slotted tip nozzle removably disposed over the sponge; and a small orifice tip nozzle removably disposed over the slotted tip nozzle; the applicator permitting;
closure of the wound by applying small drops of the liquid adhesive to the wound to produce a closed wound, the small drops provided by passing a first portion of liquid adhesive from the internal reservoir, through the opening, through the sponge, through the slotted tip nozzle and finally through the small orifice tip nozzle to the wound:
removal of the small orifice tip nozzle to form an applicator without a small orifice tip nozzle; the applicator without a small orifice tip nozzle permitting;
sealing of the closed wound by applying a line of the liquid adhesive to the closed wound to produce a sealed wound, the line provided by passing a second portion of liquid adhesive from the internal reservoir, through the opening, through the sponge, and finally through the slotted tip nozzle to the closed wound:
and removal of the slotted tip nozzle to form an applicator without a small orifice tip nozzle or a slotted tip nozzle, the applicator without a small orifice tip nozzle or a slotted tip nozzle permitting;
dressing of the sealed wound by applying a layer of the liquid adhesive to the closed wound to produce a dressed wound; the layer provided by passing a third portion of liquid adhesive from the internal reservoir, through the opening, and finally through the sponge to the sealed wound.
7. The adhesive applicator of claim 6, wherein the small orifice tip nozzle is releasably attached to the slotted tip nozzle.
8. The adhesive applicator of claim 6, wherein the small orifice tip nozzle is releasably attached to the body.
9. The adhesive applicator of claim 6, wherein the body is such that squeezing on the body forces contents of the internal reservoir out through the opening in the applicator body.
10. The adhesive applicator of claim 6, further comprising: a medical liquid adhesive in the internal reservoir.
11. The adhesive applicator of claim 10, wherein the medical adhesive is a cyanoacrylate ester, in monomeric form, represented formula I:
where R is selected from the group consisting of:
alkyl of 1 to 10 carbon atoms,
alkenyl of 2 to 10 carbon atoms,
cycloalkyl groups of from 5 to 8 carbon atoms,
phenyl,
2-ethoxyethyl,
3-methoxybutyl,
and a substituent of the formula:
\u2003wherein each R\u2032 is independently selected from the group consisting of:
hydrogen and methyl, and
\u2003R\u2033 is selected from the group consisting of:
alkyl of from 1 to 6 carbon atoms,
alkenyl of from 2 to 6 carbon atoms,
alkynyl of from 2 to 6 carbon atoms,
cycloalkyl of from 3 to 8 carbon atoms,
aralkyl selected from the group consisting of benzyl, methylbenzyl and phenylethyl,
phenyl, and
phenyl substituted with 1 to 3 substituents selected from the group consisting of hydroxy, chloro, bromo, nitro, of alkyl 1 to 4 carbon atoms, and alkoxy of from 1 to 4 carbon atoms.
12. The adhesive applicator of claim 6, wherein the nozzle of the slotted tip nozzle has a width of between \u2153 and \u2154 of the width of the sponge.
The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.
1. A production printing system for processing a plurality of print jobs, the production printing system comprising:
a plurality of print job processing resources; and
a computer-readable storage medium comprising one or more programming instructions for performing a method of processing a plurality of print jobs in a document production environment, the method comprising:
identifying a print job size distribution for a plurality of print jobs in a document production environment;
determining whether the print job size distribution exhibits a heavy-tail characteristic;
for each print job size distribution exhibiting a heavy-tail characteristic:
grouping the plurality of print jobs into a plurality of subgroups such that at least one of the plurality of subgroups exhibits a non-heavy-tail characteristic, and
processing each job in the at least one of the plurality of subgroups exhibiting the non-heavy-tail characteristics with one or more of the print job processing resources.
2. The system of claim 1, wherein the print processing resources are arranged into one or more autonomous cells, wherein each autonomous cell is capable of completely processing at least one of the plurality of print jobs.
3. The system of claim 1, wherein determining whether the print job size distribution exhibits a heavy-tail characteristic is performed with a workflow management system operable to coordinate a distribution of print jobs to one or more autonomous cells.
4. The system of claim 1, wherein determining whether the print job size distribution exhibits a heavy-tail characteristic comprises one or more programming instructions for:
determining a complementary cumulative density function for the print job size distribution;
if an index of stability of the complementary cumulative density function is less than a threshold value, identifying the print job size distribution as a heavy-tailed distribution; and
if the index of stability of the complementary cumulative density function exceeds a threshold value, identifying the print job size distribution as a thin-tailed distribution.
5. The system of claim 4, further comprising setting the threshold value in a range of 0-2.
6. The system of claim 1, in which the print job size distribution has a minimum print job size value and a maximum print job size value, wherein grouping the plurality of print jobs comprises one or more programming instructions for:
selecting a job size threshold value between the minimum print job size value and the maximum print job size value;
splitting the print job size distribution into a first distribution segment and a second distribution segment based on the selected job size threshold value; and
determining whether the first distribution segment exhibits a heavy-tail characteristic.
7. The system of claim 6, further comprising corresponding the first and second distribution segments with a right-most distribution segment and a left-most distribution segment, respectively.
8. The system of claim 1, in which each one of the plurality of print jobs corresponds with a print job type, further comprising:
analyzing historical variation associated with each job type over a processing interval; and
using the historical variation to optimize a configuration of one or more autonomous cells.
9. The system of claim 1, in which each one of the plurality of print jobs corresponds with one or more print job types, wherein grouping the plurality of print jobs includes forming at least one of the plurality of subgroups on the basis of a historical variation in volume over a processing interval associated with the corresponding print Job types.
10. The system of claim 1 in which each one of the plurality of print jobs corresponds with a print job type, further comprising:
determining a coefficient of variation for a demand distribution for a selected print job type;
comparing the coefficient of variation to a threshold coefficient;
if the coefficient of variation exceeds the threshold coefficient, identifying the selected job type as a high-variability job type; and
if the coefficient of variation does not exceed the threshold coefficient, identifying the selected job type as a low-variability job type.
11. The system of claim 10, further comprising configuring one of the one or more autonomous cells to correspond with the low variability job type.
12. A method of processing a plurality of jobs in a production environment, the method comprising:
identifying, with a computer, a job size distribution for a plurality of jobs in a production environment;
determining, with the computer, whether the job size distribution exhibits a heavy-tail characteristic;
for each job size distribution exhibiting a heavy-tail characteristic:
grouping the plurality of jobs into a plurality of subgroups such that at least one subgroup does not exhibit a heavy-tail characteristic,
configuring one or more job processing resources in the production environment for one or more of the subgroups that do not exhibit the heavy-tail characteristic, and
processing the one or more subgroups that do not exhibit the heavy-tail characteristic with the one or more job processing resources.
13. The method of claim 12, further comprising arranging the job processing resources into one or more autonomous cells wherein each autonomous cell is capable of completely processing at least one of the plurality of jobs.
14. The method of claim 12, wherein determining whether the job size distribution exhibits a heavy-tail characteristic comprises:
determining a complementary cumulative density function for the job size distribution;
if an index of stability of the complementary cumulative density function is less than a threshold value, identifying the job size distribution as a heavy-tailed distribution; and
if the index of stability of the complementary cumulative density function exceeds the threshold value, identifying the job size distribution as a thin-tailed distribution.
15. The method of claim 14, further comprising setting the threshold value in a range of 0-2.
16. The method of claim 12, in which the job size distribution has a minimum job size value and a maximum job size value, wherein grouping the plurality of jobs comprises:
selecting a job size threshold value between the corresponding minimum job size value and the corresponding maximum job size value;
splitting the job size distribution into a plurality of distribution segments based on the selected job size threshold value; and
determining whether the right-most distribution segment exhibits a heavy-tail characteristic.
17. The method of claim 16, wherein determining whether any of the plurality of distribution segments exhibits a heavy-tail characteristic comprises, for each distribution segment:
determining a cumulative density distribution function;
if an index of stability of the complementary cumulative distribution function is less than a threshold value, identifying the distribution segment as a heavy-tailed distribution; and
if an index of stability of the complementary cumulative distribution function exceeds the threshold value, identifying the distribution segment as a thin-tailed distribution.
18. The method of claim 12, wherein processing one or more subgroups comprises:
identifying the jobs associated with a subgroup, wherein each job has a job type;
selecting a job type; and
analyzing a characteristic of the selected job type over a processing interval.
19. The method of claim 18, wherein analyzing a characteristic of the selected job type comprises:
determining a coefficient of variation for the selected job type;
comparing the coefficient of variation to a threshold coefficient;
if the coefficient of variation exceeds the threshold coefficient, identifying the selected job type as a high-variability job type; and
if the coefficient of variation does not exceed the threshold coefficient, identifying the selected job type as a low-variability job type.
20. The method of claim 19, further comprising:
if the selected job type is a low-variability job type, designing an autonomous cell to process the selected job type, wherein the autonomous cell includes one or more resources in the document production environment necessary to process the selected job type.