1. A method of controlling insects andor mites comprising applying to a plant or plant part andor applying to an area around a plant or plant part an insecticidally effective amount of a spray formulation composition consisting essentially of (i) a terpene blend consisting of substantially pure \u03b1-terpinene, substantially pure p-cymene and substantially pure limonene, in a relative ratio of about 35-45:12-20:10-15, (ii) a carrier, and (iii) an adjuvant.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the carrier is a vegetable oil.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the method further comprises diluting the composition about 50 to about 400 times in water before applying the composition to the plant or plant part andor to the area around the plant or plant part.
4. The method of claim 3, wherein the method comprises diluting the composition about 100 to about 200 times in water.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein the insects are selected from the group consisting of a thrip, an aphid, a psyllid, a white fly and a lepidopteran.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein the mites are a two-spotted spider mite, a Pacific spider mite, or a European red mite.
7. The method claim 1, wherein the adjuvant is an emulsifier.
8. The method of claim 1, wherein the composition is applied through spraying.
9. The method of claim 1, wherein the spray formulation is an emulsifiable concentrate.
10. The method of claim 1, wherein the relative ratio is about 40:15:12.
The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.
1. A method for making a solar cell structure comprising:
depositing a passivation layer onto an emitter layer of a silicon substrate;
printing a metallic nanoparticle layer on the passivation layer; and
sintering the printed metallic nanoparticle layer to form low contact resistance electrodes on the emitter layer.
2. The method as recited in claim 1, further comprising incorporating an etching agent or catalyst to enable metallic nanoparticles in the printed metallic nanoparticle layer to diffuse through the passivation layer to form an ohmic contact underneath the emitter layer.
3. The method as recited in claim 1, wherein the temperature of the sintering ranges from 350\xb0 C. to 600\xb0 C.
4. The method as recited in claim 1, wherein the metallic nanoparticle layer is printed with a mixture comprising nickel nanoparticles.
5. The method as recited in claim 4, wherein the sintering includes the nickel nanoparticles reacting with silicon nitride in the passivation layer to form conductive nickel silicide.
6. The method as recited in claim 1, wherein the metallic nanoparticle layer is printed on the passivation layer with a non-contact printing technique.
7. The method as recited in claim 1, wherein the metallic nanoparticle layer is printed on the passivation layer using ink-jet printing.
8. The method as recited in claim 1, wherein the metallic nanoparticle layer is printed on the passivation layer using aerosol printing.
9. The method as recited in claim 1, wherein the metallic nanoparticle layer is printed on passivation layer using screen printing.
10. The method as recited in claim 1, wherein the sintering is thermal sintering.
11. The method as recited in claim 1, wherein the sintering is photosintering.
12. The method as recited in claim 1, wherein the electrodes are front side electrodes on the solar cell, structure.
13. The method as recited in claim 1, wherein the electrodes are back side electrodes on the solar cell structure.
14. A method for making a solar cell structure comprising;
printing a metallic nanoparticle layer on a passivation layer of a silicon substrate of the solar cell structure; and
firing the printed metallic nanoparticle layer to form low contact resistance electrodes on the emitter layer.
15. The method as recited in claim 14, wherein the temperature of the tiring ranges from 350\xb0 C. to 600\xb0 C.
16. The method as recited in claim 14, wherein the metallic nanoparticle layer is printed with a mixture comprising nickel nanoparticles, wherein the firing includes the nickel nanoparticles reacting with silicon nitride in the passivation layer to form conductive nickel suicide.
17. The method as recited in claim 14, wherein the metallic nanoparticle layer is printed on the passivation layer with a non-contact printing technique.
18. The method as recited in claim 14, wherein the metallic nanoparticle layer is printed on the passivation layer using screen printing.
19. The method as recited in claim 14, wherein the firing is thermal sintering.
20. The method as recited in claim 14, wherein the firing is photosintering.