What is claimed is:
1. A lithium ion secondary battery, comprising:
a positive electrode comprising an active material containing a composite oxide;
a negative electrode; and
a nonaqueous electrolyte;
the composite oxide having a composition represented by a structural formula (1) given below:
Lix(Ni1yMe1y)(O2zXz)A(1)
where Me1 is at least one kind of an element selected from the group consisting of B, Mg, Al, Sc, Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Co, Cu, Zn, Ga, Y, Zr, Nb, Mo, Tc, Ru, Sn, La, Hf, Ta, W, Re, Pb and Bi, X is at least one kind of a halogen element selected from the group consisting of F, Cl, Br and I, the molar ratios x, y, z are 0.02×1.3, 0.005y0.5, and 0.01z0.5, A contains at least one element selected from the group consisting of Na, K and S, and each of the Na content, the K content and the S content of the composite oxide falls within a range of between 600 ppm and 3,000 ppm.
2. A lithium ion secondary battery according to claim 1, wherein said element A further includes Ca, and the Ca content in said composite oxide is not higher than 500 ppm.
3. A lithium ion secondary battery according to claim 2, wherein said element A includes a combination of Ca, Na and S, a combination of Na and Ca or a combination of S and Ca.
4. A lithium ion secondary battery according to claim 1, wherein each of the Na content, the K content and the S content in said composite oxide falls within a range of between 1,000 ppm and 2,500 ppm.
5. A lithium ion secondary battery according to claim 1, wherein said element A includes Na and S.
6. A lithium ion secondary battery according to claim 1, wherein at least a part of said element A is precipitated in triple points present in grain boundaries of said composite oxide.
7. A lithium ion secondary battery, comprising:
a positive electrode comprising an active material containing a composite oxide;
a negative electrode; and
a nonaqueous electrolyte;
the composite oxide having a composition represented by a structural formula (2) given below:
Lix(Ni1yMe1y)(O2zXz)AbB(2)
where Me1 is at least one kind of an element selected from the group consisting of B, Mg, Al, Sc, Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Co, Cu, Zn, Ga, Y, Zr, Nb, Mo, Tc, Ru, Sn, La, Hf, Ta, W, Re, Pb and Bi, X is at least one kind of a halogen element selected from the group consisting of F, Cl, Br and I, the molar ratios x, y, z are 0.02×1.3, 0.005y0.5, and 0.01z0.5, A contains at least one element selected from the group consisting of Na, K and S, and each of the Na content, the K content and the S content of the composite oxide falls within a range of between 600 ppm and 3,000 ppm, B contains at least one element selected from the group consisting of Si and Fe, and the content b of said element B in said composite oxide falls within a range of between 20 ppm and 500 ppm.
8. A lithium ion secondary battery according to claim 7, wherein said element A further includes Ca, and the Ca content in said composite oxide is not higher than 500 ppm.
9. A lithium ion secondary battery according to claim 7, wherein the content b of said element B in said composite oxide falls within a range of between 20 ppm and 250 ppm.
10. A lithium ion secondary battery according to claim 7, wherein at least a part of said element A and at least a part of said element B are precipitated in triple points present in grain boundaries of said composite oxide.
11. A lithium ion secondary battery, comprising:
a positive electrode comprising an active material containing a composite oxide;
a negative electrode; and
a nonaqueous electrolyte;
the composite oxide having a composition represented by a structural formula (3) given below:
Lix(Ni1vsCovMe2s)(O2zXz)A(3)
where Me2 is at least one kind of an element selected from the group consisting of B, Mg, Al, Sc, Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Cu, Zn, Ga, Y, Zr, Nb, Mo, Tc, Ru, Sn, La, Hf, Ta, W, Re, Pb and Bi, X is at least one kind of a halogen element selected from the group consisting of F, Cl, Br and I, the molar ratios x, v, s and z are 0.02×1.3, 0.005v0.5, 0.005s0.5 and 0.01z0.5, A contains at least one element selected from the group consisting of Na, K and S, and each of the Na content, the K content and the S content of the composite oxide falls within a range of between 600 ppm and 3,000 ppm.
12. A lithium ion secondary battery according to claim 11, wherein said element A further includes Ca, and the Ca content in said composite oxide falls within a range of between 20 ppm and 500 ppm.
13. A lithium ion secondary battery according to claim 11, wherein said element Me2 is at least one kind of an element selected from the group consisting of Ti, V, Cr, Zr, Nb, Mo, Hf, Ta and W.
14. A lithium ion secondary battery, comprising:
a positive electrode comprising an active material containing a composite oxide;
a negative electrode; and
a nonaqueous electrolyte;
the composite oxide having a composition represented by a structural formula (4) given below:
Lix(Ni1vsCovMe2s)(O2zXz)AbB(4)
where Me2 is at least one kind of an element selected from the group consisting of B, Mg, Al, Sc, Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Cu. Zn, Ga, Y, Zr, Nb, Mo, Tc, Ru, Sn, La, Hf, Ta, W, Re, Pb and Bi, X is at least one kind of a halogen element selected from the group consisting of F, Cl, Br and I, the molar ratios x, v, s and z are 0.02×1.3, 0.005v0.5, 0.005s 0.5 and 0.01z0.5, A contains at least one element selected from the group consisting of Na, K and S, each of the Na content, the K content and the S content of the composite oxide falls within a range of between 600 ppm and 3,000 ppm, B contains at least one element selected from the group consisting of Si and Fe, and the content b of said element B in said composite oxide falls within a range of between 20 ppm and 500 ppm.
15. A lithium ion secondary battery according to claim 14, wherein said element A further includes Ca, and the Ca content in said composite oxide is not higher than 500 ppm.
16. A lithium ion secondary battery according to claim 14, wherein said element Me2 is at least one kind of an element selected from the group consisting of Ti, V, Cr, Zr, Nb, Mo, Hf, Ta and W.
17. A positive electrode active material containing a composite oxide having a composition represented by a structural formula (1) given below:
Lix(Ni1ymely)(O2zXz)A(1)
where Me1 is at least one kind of an element selected from the group consisting of B, Mg, Al, Sc, Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Co, Cu, Zn, Ga, Y, Zr, Nb, Mo, Tc, Ru, Sn, La, Hf, Ta, W, Re, Pb and Bi, X is at least one kind of a halogen element selected from the group consisting of F, Cl, Br and I, the molar ratios x, y, z are 0.02×1.3, 0.005y0.5, and 0.01z0.5, A contains at least one element selected from the group consisting of Na, K and S, and each of the Na content, the K content and the S content of the composite oxide falls within a range of between 600 ppm and 3,000 ppm.
18. A positive electrode active material containing a composite oxide having a composition represented by a structural formula (2) given below:
Lix(Ni1yMe1y)(O2zXz)AbB(2)
where Me1 is at least one kind of an element selected from the group consisting of B, Mg, Al, Sc, Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Co, Cu, Zn, Ga, Y, Zr, Nb, Mo, Tc, Ru, Sn, La, Hf, Ta, W, Re, Pb and Bi, X is at least one kind of a halogen element selected from the group consisting of F, Cl, Br and I, the molar ratios x, y, z are 0.02×1.3, 0.005y0.5, and 0.01z0.5, A contains at least one element selected from the group consisting of Na, K and S, and each of the Na content, the K content and the S content of the composite oxide falls within a range of between 600 ppm and 3,000 ppm, B contains at least one element selected from the group consisting of Si and Fe, and the content b of said element B in said composite oxide falls within a range of between 20 ppm and 500 ppm.
19. A positive electrode active material containing a composite oxide having a composition represented by a structural formula (3) given below:
Lix(Ni1vsCovMe2s)(O2zXz)A(3)
where Me2 is at least one kind of an element selected from the group consisting of B, Mg, Al, Sc, Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Cu, Zn, Ga, Y, Zr, Nb, Mo, Tc, Ru, Sn, La, Hf, Ta, W, Re, Pb and Bi, X is at least one kind of a halogen element selected from the group consisting of F, Cl, Br and I, the molar ratios x, v, s and z are 0.02×1.3, 0.005v0.5, 0.005s0.5 and 0.01z0.5, A contains at least one element selected from the group consisting of Na, K and S, and each of the Na content, the K content and the S content of the composite oxide falls within a range of between 600 ppm and 3,000 ppm.
20. A positive electrode active material containing a composite oxide having a composition represented by a structural formula (4) given below:
Lix(Ni1vsCovMe2s)(O2zXz)AbB(4)
where Me2 is at least one kind of an element selected from the group consisting of B, Mg, Al, Sc, Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Cu, Zn, Ga, Y, Zr, Nb, Mo, Tc, Ru, Sn, La, Hf, Ta, W, Re, Pb and Bi, X is at least one kind of a halogen element selected from the group consisting of F, Cl, Br and I, the molar ratios x, v, s and z are 0.02×1.3, 0.005v0.5, 0.005s0.5 and 0.01z0.5, A contains at least one element selected from the group consisting of Na, K and S, each of the Na content, the K content and the S content of the composite oxide falls within a range of between 600 ppm and 3,000 ppm, B contains at least one element selected from the group consisting of Si and Fe, and the content b of said element B in said composite oxide falls within a range of between 20 ppm and 500 ppm.
The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.
1. A method of bonding two circuitry-including substrates, the method comprising:
providing a first stage for holding a first circuitry-including substrate and a second stage for holding a second circuitry-including substrate;
identifying an alignment mark on each substrate;
determining a location and a topography of each alignment mark on each substrate, wherein the location and the topography are determined using laser diffraction;
creating an alignment model for each substrate based on the location and topography of the alignment mark thereon; and
bonding the first and second circuitry-including substrates together while aligning the first and second substrates based on the alignment model, wherein the bonding includes thermally adjusting at least one of a plurality of zones on at least one of the substrates based on the topography.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the thermally adjusting includes correcting for at least one of a local error and a substrate bow.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the providing includes providing each stage with a plurality of thermal actuators.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the alignment model incorporates translation data, rotation data, magnification data and substrate bow data.
5. The method of claim 3, wherein the plurality of thermal actuators each includes at least one of a Peltier element and a resistive element.
6. The method of claim 3, wherein the providing further includes providing each stage with a plurality of piezoelectric devices, each piezoelectric device including an actuator and a sensor, and the bonding further includes mechanically adjusting at least one of the substrates using the actuator of the piezoelectric device.