1. A method for determining the presence or absence of a volatile amine as a marker in a lubricating oil composition comprising;
heating the lubricating oil composition which has the possibility of containing the volatile amine;
after the heating, disposing a medium comprising an amine colouring reagent into a vapour phase on top of the liquid surface of the lubricating oil composition to obtain a first colouring pattern, wherein the amine colouring reagent will react with the volatile amine, if present, in an amine-based colouring reaction selected from the group consisting of quinhydrone reactions, ninhydrin reactions and Dragendorff reactions, and wherein the first colouring pattern is attributable to the occurrence or non-occurrence of the amine-based colouring reaction;
after heating, disposing a medium comprising a pH-dependent colouring reagent into a vapour phase on top of the liquid surface of the lubricating oil composition to obtain a second colouring pattern, wherein the pH-dependent colouring reagent will react with the volatile amine, if present, in a pH-dependent colouring reaction, and wherein the second colouring pattern is attributable to the occurrence or non-occurrence of the pH-dependent colouring reaction; and
determining the presence or absence of the volatile amine in the lubricating oil composition by comparing the first colouring pattern and the second colouring pattern with a standard colouring pattern.
2. The method of claim 1 wherein the volatile amine is a tertiary amine which vaporises at not more than 100\xb0 C.
3. The method of claim 1 wherein the volatile amine is at least one kind selected from a group consisting of tributylamines, dimethylethylamines and triethylamines.
4. The method of claim 1 wherein the medium comprising the amine colouring reagent andor the medium comprising the pH-dependent colouring reagent.
5. A kit for determining the presence or absence of a volatile amine as a marker in a lubricating oil composition comprising:
a medium that comprises an amine colouring reagent, wherein the amine colouring reagent is capable of reacting with the volatile amine in an amine-based colouring reaction to produce a first colouring pattern, and wherein the amine-based colouring reaction is selected from the group consisting of quinhydrone reactions, ninhydrin reactions and Dragendorff reactions; and
a medium that comprises a pH-dependent colouring reagent, wherein the pH-dependent colouring reagent is capable of reacting with the volatile amine in a pH-dependent colouring reaction to produce a second colouring pattern.
6. A lubricating oil composition comprising a base oil and a volatile amine as a marker, and wherein it is possible to identify the lubricating oil composition by means of the method of claim 1.
7. The lubricating oil composition of claim 6 wherein the volatile amine is a tertiary amine which vaporises at not more than 100\xb0 C.
8. The lubricating oil composition of claim 6 wherein the volatile amine is at least one kind selected from the group consisting of tributylamines, dimethylethylamines and triethylamines.
9. The kit of claim 5 further comprising a standard colouring pattern comprising:
a colouring pattern attributable to the occurrence of an amine-based colouring reaction between the amine colouring reagent and the volatile amine, and
a colouring pattern attributable to the occurrence of a pH-dependent colouring reaction between the pH-dependent colouring reagent and the volatile amine.
10. The kit of claim 5 wherein the medium that comprises the amine colouring reagent andor the medium that comprises the pH-dependent colouring reagent are reagent papers.
11. The method of claim 1 wherein the lubricating oil composition is heated to a temperature sufficient to vaporize the volatile amine.
12. The method of claim 1 wherein the lubricating oil composition is heated to a temperature of not more than 100\xb0 C.
13. The method of claim 12 wherein the volatile amine is a tertiary amine.
14. The method of claim 1 wherein the lubricating oil composition is heated to a temperature of from 40 to 90\xb0 C.
15. The method of claim 1 wherein the lubricating oil composition is heated to a temperature of from 50 to 80\xb0 C.
16. The method of claim 1 wherein the amine colouring reagent is quinhydrone.
17. A method for determining the identity of a lubricating oil composition comprising:
obtaining a sample of the lubricating oil composition;
heating the sample of the lubricating oil composition to a temperature of not more than 100\xb0 C.;
after heating, disposing a medium comprising an amine colouring reagent into a vapour phase on top of the liquid surface of the lubricating oil composition to obtain a first colouring pattern, wherein the amine colouring reagent will react with a volatile amine, if present, in an amine-based colouring reaction selected from the group consisting of quinhydrone reactions, ninhydrin reactions and Dragendorff reactions, and wherein the first colouring pattern is attributable to the occurrence or non-occurrence of the amine-based colouring reaction;
after heating, disposing a medium comprising a pH-dependent colouring reagent into a vapour phase on top of the liquid surface of the lubricating oil composition to obtain a second colouring pattern, wherein the pH-dependent colouring reagent will react with a volatile amine, if present, in a pH-dependent colouring reaction, and wherein the second colouring pattern is attributable to the occurrence or non-occurrence of the pH-dependent colouring reaction; and
determining the identity of the lubricating oil composition by visually comparing the first colouring pattern and the second colouring pattern with a standard colouring pattern.
18. The method of claim 17 wherein the volatile amine is at least one kind selected from a group consisting of tributylamines, dimethylethylamines and triethylamines.
The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.
1. An article of jewelry for wearing on a person’s body for retaining a hidden object, comprising:
a) a hollow body portion connected to a loop of material for retaining said hollow body portion on a wearer;
b) said hollow body portion forms a cross having a vertical hollow portion having a top end and a bottom end and a horizontal hollow portion having a first end and a second end; and
c) each of said top, bottom, first and second ends having a removeable cap having an article retaining apparatus connected thereto whereby four article retaining openings are created when each of said removeable caps are removed,
d) each of said article retaining apparatus being receivable within said top, bottom, first and second ends; and,
e) each of said removeable caps engage one of said top, bottom, first and second ends by a friction fit;
f) each of said removeable caps having an end portion of greater width than its respective opening and a second portion having a width relative to said opening such that said second portion of each of said caps frictionally engages an interior wall of said respective opening and said second portion is adjacent said end portion;
g) said article retaining apparatus extending from said second portion and having a smaller width than said second portion to permit insertion of the article retaining apparatus within one of said openings.
2. The article of jewelry as set forth in claim 1, wherein:
a) said article retaining apparatus forms a hollow container for receiving and retaining a charm.
3. The article of jewelry as set forth in claim 1, wherein:
a) said article retaining apparatus is formed of a tube.
4. The article of jewelry as set forth in claim 3, wherein:
a) said tube includes a slot formed therein for facilitating retention of an object.