1. A method for identifying a subject suitable for high-dose cyclophosphamide treatment, comprising measuring the amount or activity of aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) from peripheral lymphocytes from a sample from said subject, wherein the subject is identified as being suitable for high-dose cyclophosphamide treatment if the amount or activity of ALDH is less than the amount or activity of ALDH which confers resistance of the peripheral lymphocytes to high-dose cyclophosphamide treatment, and administering cyclophosphamide to the subject.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the high-dose cyclophosphamide treatment is used to treat an autoimmune disease.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the high-dose cyclophosphamide treatment is used to treat cancer.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the sample comprises a bone marrow aspirate.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein the sample comprises banked blood.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein the amount or activity of ALDH is measured using flow cytometry.
7. The method of claim 1, wherein the amount or activity of ALDH is measured using western blot analysis.
8. The method of claim 1, wherein the amount or activity of ALDH is measured using dansyl aminoacetaldehyde (DAAA) as a substrate.
9. The method of claim 1, wherein the amount or activity of ALDH is measured using boron-dipyrromethene (BODIPY) aminoacetaldehyde (BAAA) as a substrate.
10. The method of claim 1, wherein the amount or activity of ALDH is measured using a substrate for ALDH that yields a fluorescent molecule which is detected using flow cytometry.
The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.
1. A computerized method of using a data processor having a memory to account for carbon flows and determine a regulatory value for a biofuel, the method comprising:
storing, by the data processor, in memory, one or more first values characterizing carbon flows associated with the production and use of the biofuel, wherein the biofuel is derived from biofuel feedstock of an agricultural biomass;
storing, by the data processor, in memory, one or more second values characterizing carbon flows associated with sequestration of solid phase biomass carbon, wherein the solid phase biomass carbon is derived from feedstock residue of the agricultural biomass and wherein the sequestration mitigates anthropogenic greenhouse gas emission;
calculating, using the data processor, the regulatory value for the biofuel from the first values and the second values characterizing carbon flows; and
using the regulatory value to qualify the biofuel as compliant with a regulatory framework.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the sequestration comprises processing to mitigate degradation of the solid phase biomass carbon.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein processing comprises one or more of collection, drying, resizing, sterilization, stabilization, packaging, and sealing.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the sequestration comprises storing the solid phase biomass carbon to mitigate environmental interaction.
5. The method of claim 1, further comprising monitoring carbon flow from the sequestered solid phase biomass carbon.
6. The method of claim 1, further comprising repurposing the sequestered solid phase biomass carbon.
7. The method of claim 1 further comprising:
generating a tradable credit from the regulatory value for the biofuel; and
trading the biofuel having the tradable credit on an emission trading market.
8. A method of engineering a carbon cycle for biofuel production and use comprising:
arranging production of the biofuel by a first generator, the biofuel produced from biofuel feedstock of an agricultural biomass;
arranging sequestration of solid phase biomass carbon, by a storage system, from feedstock residue of the agricultural biomass, thereby mitigating anthropogenic greenhouse gas emission; and
assigning to the biofuel a regulatory value based upon a first set of one or more carbon intensity values characterizing production and use of the biofuel and a second set of one or more carbon intensity value characterizing the sequestration.
9. The method of claim 8, wherein the sequestration comprises processing to mitigate degradation of the solid phase biomass carbon.
10. The method of claim 8, wherein the sequestration comprises storing the solid phase biomass carbon to mitigate environmental interaction.
11. The method of claim 8, further comprising monitoring carbon flow from the sequestered solid phase biomass carbon.
12. The method of claim 8, further comprising repurposing the sequestered solid phase biomass carbon.
13. The method of claim 8 further comprising:
generating a tradable credit from the regulatory value for the biofuel; and
trading the biofuel having the tradable credit on an emission trading market.
14. A method of manufacturing a biofuel, comprising:
producing, by a generator, the biofuel from biofuel feedstock of an agricultural biomass;
sequestering, by a storage system, solid phase biomass carbon from feedstock residue of the agricultural biomass, wherein sequestration mitigates anthropogenic greenhouse gas emission; and
assigning to the biofuel a regulatory value based upon a first set of one or more carbon intensity values characterizing production and use of the biofuel and a second set of one or more carbon intensity value characterizing the sequestration.
15. The method of claim 14, wherein the sequestration comprises processing to mitigate degradation of the solid phase biomass carbon.
16. The method of claim 14, wherein the sequestration comprises storing the solid phase biomass carbon to mitigate environmental interaction.
17. The method of claim 14, further comprising monitoring carbon flow from the sequestered solid phase biomass carbon.
18. The method of claim 14, further comprising repurposing the sequestered solid phase biomass carbon.
19. The method of claim 14 further comprising:
generating a tradable credit from the regulatory value for the biofuel; and
trading the biofuel having the tradable credit on an emission trading market.