1. A device for stopping an induction motor, comprising:
a frequency commanding unit for generating an operating frequency corresponding to a rotational speed command of the induction motor;
a q-axis and d-axis VF converter for outputting a first q-axis voltage (Vq1) proportional to the generated operating frequency and a first d-axis voltage (Vd1) proportional to a 0 frequency;
a q-axis PI current controller for outputting a second q-axis voltage (Vq2) for stopping the induction motor when the operating frequency reaches a stopping frequency;
a d-axis PI current controller for outputting a second d-axis voltage (Vd2) for stopping the induction motor when the operating frequency reaches the stopping frequency; and
a selection unit for selecting and outputting the first q-axis and d-axis voltages (Vq1 and Vd1) or the second q-axis and d-axis voltages (Vq2 and Vd2) according to the operating frequency generated by the frequency commanding unit,
wherein the selection unit selects the first q-axis and d-axis voltages (Vq1 and Vd1) if the operating frequency corresponds to the driving frequency, and selects the second q-axis and d-axis voltages (Vq2 and Vd2) when the operating frequency reaches the stopping frequency.
2. The device according to claim 1, further comprising:
a q-axis integral initial value setting unit for setting an integral initial value of the q-axis PI current controller by using the first q-axis voltage (Vq1) occurring at the timing of when the operating frequency reaches the stopping frequency; and
a d-axis integral initial value setting unit for setting an integral initial value of the d-axis PI current controller by using the first d-axis voltage (Vd1) occurring at the timing of when the operating frequency reaches the stopping frequency.
3. The device according to claim 2, further comprising a stopping amount commanding unit for generating a final current target value (IRef) according to a DC stopping amount when the operating frequency reaches the stopping frequency.
4. The device according to claim 3, further comprising:
a q-axis current command generating unit for generating a q-axis current command pattern that is to be applied to the q-axis PI current controller by using the final current target value (IRef); and
a d-axis current command generating unit for generating a d-axis current command pattern that is to be applied to the d-axis PI current controller by using the final current target value (IRef).
5. The device according to claim 4, wherein the q-axis current command generating unit calculates a final q-axis current target value (Iq_Ref) that is to be applied to the q-axis PI current controller by using the final current target value (IRef); and
the d-axis current command generating unit calculates a final d-axis current target value (Id_Ref) that is to be applied to the d-axis PI current controller by using the final current target value (IRef).
6. The device according to claim 5, wherein the q-axis current command generating unit sequentially generates a plurality of q-axis current command patterns corresponding to the final q-axis current target value (Iq_Ref); and
the d-axis current command generating unit sequentially generates a plurality of d-axis current command patterns corresponding to the final d-axis current target value (Id_Ref).
7. The device according to claim 6, wherein a q-axis current command pattern, which is outputted lastly among the plurality of q-axis current command patterns generated sequentially by the q-axis current command generating unit, corresponds to the final q-axis current target value (Iq_Ref); and
a d-axis current command pattern, which is outputted lastly among the plurality of d-axis current command patterns generated sequentially by the d-axis current command generating unit, corresponds to the final d-axis current target value (Id_Ref).
8. The device according to claim 6, further comprising:
a three phase current detector for detecting three phase currents (Ia, Ib, and Ic) supplied to the induction motor; and
a three phase two phase current converting unit for converting the three phase currents (Ia, Ib, and Ic) detected by the three phase current detector into two phase q-axis current (Iq) and d-axis current (Id).
9. The device according to claim 8, wherein the q-axis current command generating unit sequentially generates a q-axis current command pattern corresponding to a plurality of q-axis currents between the q-axis current (Iq) and the final q-axis current target value (Iq_Ref); and
the d-axis current command generating unit sequentially generates a d-axis current command pattern corresponding to a plurality of d-axis currents between the d-axis current (Id) and the final d-axis current target value (Id_Ref).
10. The device according to claim 9, wherein the q-axis current used for generating the plurality of q-axis current command patterns is gradually increased to be identical to the final q-axis current target value (Iq_Ref) lastly; and
the d-axis current used for generating the plurality of d-axis current command patterns is gradually increased to be identical to the final d-axis current target value (Id_Ref) lastly; and
11. A method of stopping an induction motor, comprising:
driving the induction motor on the basis of a first q-axis voltage (Vq1) proportional to an operating frequency and a first d-axis voltage (Vd1) proportional to a 0 frequency;
determining whether the operating frequency reaches a stopping frequency;
sequentially outputting a plurality of q-axis current command patterns and d-axis current command patterns when the operating frequency reaches the stopping frequency; and
stopping the induction motor by using a second q-axis voltage (Vq2) and a second d-axis voltage (Vd2) corresponding to the plurality of sequentially outputted q-axis and d-axis current command patterns.
12. The method according to claim 11, further comprising setting the second q-axis voltage (Vq2) and the second d-axis voltage (Vd2) that are to be outputted initially when the operating frequency reaches the stopping frequency.
13. The method according to claim 12, wherein the initially-outputted second q-axis voltage (Vq2) and second d-axis voltage (Vd2) are a first q-axis voltage (Vq1) and a first d-axis voltage (Vd1) outputted at the timing of when the operating frequency reaches the stopping frequency.
14. The method according to claim 12, further comprising calculating a final q-axis current target value (Iq_Ref) and a final d-axis current target value (Id_Ref) by using a final current target value (IRef) according to a DC stopping amount when the operating frequency reaches the stopping frequency.
15. The method according to claim 14, wherein the sequentially outputting of the plurality of q-axis current commands patterns and d-axis current command patterns comprises:
sequentially generating a q-axis current command pattern corresponding to a plurality of q-axis currents between a first q-axis current according to the initially-outputted second q-axis voltage Vq2 and the final q-axis current target value (Iq_Ref); and
sequentially generating a d-axis current command pattern corresponding to a plurality of d-axis currents between a first d-axis current according to the initially-outputted second d-axis voltage Vq2 and the final d-axis current target value (Id_Ref).
16. The method according to claim 15, wherein a lastly outputted q-axis current command pattern among the sequentially generated q-axis current command patterns corresponds to the final q-axis current target value (Iq_Ref); and
a lastly outputted d-axis current command pattern among the sequentially generated d-axis current command patterns corresponds to the final d-axis current target value (Id_Ref).
17. The method according to claim 15, wherein the sequentially generating of the q-axis current command pattern comprises:
generating a first q-axis current command pattern according to a second q-axis current between the first q-axis current and the final q-axis current target value (Iq_Ref);
generating a second q-axis current command pattern according to a third q-axis current between the second q-axis current and the final q-axis current target value (Iq_Ref);
generating an Nth q-axis current command pattern according to an Nth q-axis current between the third q-axis current and the final q-axis current target value (Iq_Ref); and
generating a final q-axis current command pattern according to the final q-axis current target value (Iq_Ref),
wherein the relational equation of the first q-axis current>the second q-axis current>the third q-axis current>the Nth q-axis current>the final q-axis current target value (Iq_Ref) is satisfied.
18. The method according to claim 15, wherein the sequentially generating of the d-axis current command pattern comprises:
generating a first d-axis current command pattern according to a second d-axis current between the first d-axis current and the final d-axis current target value (Id_Ref);
generating a second d-axis current command pattern according to a third d-axis current between the second d-axis current and the final d-axis current target value (Id_Ref);
generating an Nth d-axis current command pattern according to an Nth d-axis current between the third d-axis current and the final d-axis current target value (Id_Ref); and
generating a final d-axis current command pattern according to the final d-axis current target value (Id_Ref),
wherein the relational equation of the first d-axis current>the second d-axis current>the third d-axis current>the Nth d-axis current>the final d-axis current target value (Id_Ref) is satisfied.
The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.
1. Method for lining a surface with a flexible covering material,
in which the surface is lined with a material piece of the flexible covering material and
in which the material piece is stretched,
where for stretching the material piece, use is made of a plurality of stretching rails, each stretching rail including a holding side and an assembly side, wherein each stretching rail has a substantially flat and rectangular shape,
where each stretching rail is brought into pivotable engagement on the holding side with one of a plurality of holding rails provided on the surface,
where a first side of the material piece is brought into stretchable engagement with the assembly side of each stretching rail,
where a second side of the material piece is directly or indirectly stretchably connected to the surface, and
where each stretching rail for stretching the flexible covering material is pivoted into a stretching position in which a plane defined by each stretching rail is transverse to the surface to be lined and fixed in the stretching position by forcing each stretching rail into a holding rail,
wherein the covering material is firstly stretched in a longitudinal direction and then in a transverse direction and
wherein the material piece of the covering material during stretching in said longitudinal direction is displaced in at least one of the plurality of stretching rails fitted in said longitudinal direction,
wherein for the outward, pressing in of the stretching rails into the holding rails, a pressing-drawing device is used, the pressing-drawing device being supported on an abutment provided in the holding rails and the stretching rails to be forced in, and or
for the outward, drawing out of the stretching rails from the holding rails use is made of the pressing-drawing device, the pressing-drawing device being brought into a back engagement with the stretching rails for drawing out purposes.
2. Method according to claim 1, wherein in the longitudinal direction, the covering material is drawn into each stretching rail prior to the pivoting.
3. Method according to claim 2, wherein a cable is used for drawing in the covering material.
4. Method according to claim 1, wherein the material piece is made of a web of covering material.
5. Method according to claim 1, wherein the stretching rails are provided on at least two facing sides of the material piece.
6. Method according to claim 1, wherein, with respect to length and width, the material piece is in each case dimensioned to be 1 to 5% smaller than in the lengthened installation state.
7. Method according to claim 1, wherein the covering material comprises a textile material.
8. Method according to claim 7, wherein the textile material comprises a lighting material.
9. Method according to claim 1, wherein for stretching material piece in a corner region where a front side and a longitudinal side abut with one another, the following method steps are performed:
frontal fitting of a frontal stretching rail portion,
stretching the material piece in longitudinal direction,
stretching the material piece in transverse direction, where a frontal welt of the material piece slides into the frontal stretching rail portion and
completing a lining of the corner region by inserting a longitudinal side stretching rail portion following stretching in transverse direction.
10. Method according to claim 1, wherein, with respect to length and width, the material piece is in each case dimensioned to be 1% smaller than in the lengthened installation state.
11. Method according to claim 1, wherein stretching rails are provided on all sides of the material piece.
12. Lining of a surface, the lining comprising:
a flexible covering material, a plurality of stretching rails for stretching the covering material, each stretching rail including a holding side and an assembly side, wherein each stretching rail has a substantially flat and rectangular shape, where each stretching rail can be brought into pivotable engagement by the holding side with a holding rail provided on the surface, where each stretching rail can be fixed in a stretching position relative to the holding rail, where for a provision of a stretchable back engaging connection of the covering material to the stretching rail a material piece of the covering material is provided with a welt and each stretching rail is provided on the assembly side with a corresponding groove, where a second side of the material piece is directly or indirectly brought into a stretchable engagement with the surface and where by pivoting each stretching rail and fixing each stretching rail in a stretching position a stretching state of the flexible covering material can be achieved,
wherein for permitting a bi-dimensional stretching of the covering material, the welt and the groove are formed in such a way that the welt can be longitudinally displaced in the groove and wherein a covering profile is provided for a connection of two adjacent stretching rails of the plurality of stretching rails arranged back-to-back in the stretching position, which can be fixed in a locking manner to the two stretching rails in the stretching position, the covering profile fixing the two adjacent stretching rails in the stretching position.
13. Lining according to claim 12, wherein the material piece is a web.
14. Lining according to claim 12 or 13, wherein, with respect to length and width, the material piece is in each case dimensioned to be 1 to 5% smaller than in the lengthened installation state.
15. Lining according to claim 12, wherein the welt is formed from a flexible material.
16. Lining according to claim 12, wherein each holding rail is constructed for adjacent reception of two stretching rails.
17. Lining according to claim 12, wherein the stretching rails and the holding rail are designed for a locking, rotation-fixed connection.
18. Lining according to claim 17, wherein for providing the locking, rotation-fixed connection the holding rail has at least one resilient leg with a bulge and the stretching rails are provided with a correspondingly shaped recess and the locking, rotation-fixed connection of each stretching rail can be brought about by pressing the stretching rail transversely to a pivoting axis.
19. Lining according to claim 12, wherein the plurality of stretching rails are provided on at least two facing sides of the material piece.
20. Lining according to claim 12, wherein the stretching rails are constructed for uniformly spaced holding of the covering material relative to the surface.
21. Lining according to claim 12, wherein the plurality of stretching rails are provided over the entire length of material piece.
22. Lining according to claim 12, wherein the stretching rails comprise a lightweight metal.
23. Lining according to claim 12, wherein the holding rail includes an abutment for an outward, pressing in of stretching rails and by means of which a pressing device of a forcing in tool can be brought into a supporting back engagement.
24. Lining according to claim 12, wherein the assembly side of each stretching rail includes a profiling with which a pressing-drawing tool can be brought into back engagement for drawing out the stretching rails.
25. Lining according to claim 24, wherein the profiling comprise a bulge.
26. Lining according to claim 12, wherein, with respect to length and width, the material piece is in each case dimensioned to be 1% smaller than in the lengthened installation state.
27. Lining according to claim 12, wherein the flexible covering material comprises a textile material.
28. Lining according to claim 12, wherein stretching rails are provided on all sides of the material piece.
29. Lining according to claim 12, wherein the groove comprises an annular groove.
30. Lining according to claim 12, wherein the flexible material of the welt comprises a strand or a plastic wire.