1. A method for releasing cellular contents comprising using a halide containing quaternary ammonium compounds.
2. The method of claim 1 further including releasing molecules of interest from living cells.
3. The method of claim 1 further including releasing nucleotides from living cells.
4. The method of claim 1 further comprising applying ionic surface active agents containing a fatty group with a chain length of from 8 to 18 carbon atoms.
5. The method of claim 4 further comprising applying ionic surface active agents containing a fatty group with a chain length of 12 carbon atoms.
6. A method for releasing cellular contents comprising modifying the alkyl chain length of ionic surface active agents to enable selective release from different classes of living cells and applying the ionic surface active agents having different chain lengths to effect to change the permeability of the cell wall and membranes.
7. The method for releasing cellular contents of claim 6 further comprising applying anionic surface active agents to the exclusion of non-ionic surface active agents.
8. The method for releasing cellular contents of claim 6 further comprising applying cationic surface active agents to the exclusion of non-ionic surface active agents.
9. The method for releasing cellular contents of claim 6 further comprising applying ionic surface active agents containing quaternary ammonium salts.
10. The method for releasing cellular contents of claim 6 further comprising applying ionic surface active agents containing a fatty group with a chain length of from 8 to 18 carbon atoms.
11. The method for releasing cellular contents of claim 10 further comprising applying ionic surface active agents containing a fatty group with a chain length of 12 carbon atoms.
12. The method for releasing cellular contents of claim 6 further comprising applying ionic surfactants selected from the group comprising: ethoxylated amines; ethoxylated diamines; polyethylene glycol esters of fatty acids; ethoxylated amides having a chemical structure of:
where R is a fatty alkyl group having 8-18 carbon atoms and x, y and z are numbers ranging from 2 to 50; quaternary ammonium salts having a formula of:
where R1 and R2 are an alkyl, alkyl-aryl-alkyl, ethoxyalkyl, hydroxyalkyl, or ethoxylated alkylphenol with a 4 to 22 carbon atom chain and the ethoxylated alkyls having 2 to 15 ethoxyl groups, and R3 and R4 are alkyl groups having a 1 to 15 carbon atom chain and y is selected from the group comprising a halogen, sulphate, sulphite, phosphate and combinations thereof; and combinations thereof.
13. The method for releasing cellular contents of claim 6 further comprising applying hyamine chloride.
14. The method for releasing cellular contents of claim 13 further comprising applying diisobutyl cresoxy ethoxy ethyl dimethyl ammonium chloride.
15. The method for releasing cellular contents of claim 6 further comprising applying a mixture of an ethoxylated amine and a quaternary salt of an ethoxylated amine.
16. The method for releasing cellular contents of claim 15 further comprising applying a 0.02-0.5% solution of a mixture of 1 to 19 parts of an ethoxylated amine, and 1 to 19 parts of a quaternary ammonium salt of an ethoxylated amine, both having a carbon atom chain length from 8 to 18.
17. The method for releasing cellular contents of claim 15 further comprising applying a mixture of ethoxylated amine and a quaternary salt of an ethoxylated amine, having both a 12 carbon chain length.
18. The method for releasing cellular contents of claim 15 further comprising applying a mixture of one third of a quaternary ethoxylated amine and two thirds of ethoxylated amine.
19. The method for releasing cellular contents of claim 15 further comprising applying a mixture of a mixture of an ethoxylated amine and a quaternary ethoxylated amine in an end-concentration of 0.05-0.5% by volume of the microbe sample.
20. A substance for effecting a selective release of cellular contents comprising a dialkyl ammonium halide.
21. The substance for effecting a selective release of cellular contents of claim 20 further wherein the dialkyl ammonium halide comprises an alkyl chain lengths of approximately 8 to 10 carbon atoms.
22. The substance for effecting a selective release of cellular contents of claim 20 further wherein the dialkyl ammonium halide comprises an alkyl chain lengths of approximately 10 carbon atoms or greater.
23. A substance for effecting a selective release of cellular contents comprising a dimethyl ammonium halide.
24. The substance for effecting a selective release of cellular contents of claim 23 further wherein the dimethyl ammonium halide comprises an alkyl chain lengths of approximately 8 to 10 carbon atoms.
25. The substance for effecting a selective release of cellular contents of claim 23 further wherein the dimethyl ammonium halide comprises an alkyl chain lengths of approximately 10 carbon atoms or greater.
The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.
What is claimed is:
1. In an optical wavelength division multiplexer and demultiplexer for single-mode or multi-mode fiber optic communication systems, wherein n channels are transmitted through a single fiber optic cable having n different wavelengths and wherein the optical couplings and alignment of the device are achieved by forming and adhesively joining a prefabricated optical block to a molded coupling module to avoid post-fabrication alignment and adjustment of the optical pathway otherwise required, having an optical block with a flat lower surface, said molded coupling module having a flat upper surface on which said flat lower surface of said optical block is mounted, the improvement comprising:
one or more adhesive overflow channels formed in said upper surface of said molded coupling module, said channels being adapted to receive excess adhesive used to join said optical block to said molded coupling module, and
dam means formed adjacent each of said adhesive overflow channels to contain adhesive used to join said optical block to said molded coupling module.
2. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein said adhesive overflow channel or channels facilitates the use of lower viscosity adhesive which in turn achieves a tighter and more parallel bond between said optical block and said molded coupling module.
3. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein said dam means comprises a single, continuous dam formed along the periphery of the upper surface of said molded coupling module.