1. A tissue removal system, comprising:
a handpiece;
an outer cannula having an outer cannula lumen, a proximal end, a distal end, and an outer cannula opening adjacent the distal end, wherein the opening defines a cutting edge for severing tissue;
an inner cannula disposed in the outer cannula lumen and reciprocable within the outer cannula lumen, the inner cannula having an inner cannula lumen, a proximal end, an open distal end, a cutting edge at the distal end, a living hinge, a cutting section, and a body section, with the hinge being located between the cutting section and the body section, wherein the cutting section is pivotable when the inner cannula reciprocates within the outer cannula lumen; and
a fluid supply sleeve disposed about the outer cannula, wherein the fluid supply sleeve comprises an outer cannula channel and at least one fluid supply channel.
2. The tissue removal system of claim 1, wherein when the fluid supply sleeve is in an uninstalled condition, the at least one fluid supply channel is separated from the outer cannula channel along the length of the fluid supply sleeve.
3. The tissue removal system of claim 1, wherein when the fluid supply sleeve is in an uninstalled condition, the at least one fluid supply channel is in fluid communication with the outer cannula channel along the length of the fluid supply sleeve.
4. The tissue removal system of claim 1, wherein when the fluid supply sleeve is in an uninstalled condition the at least one fluid supply channel is in communication with the outer cannula channel along the length of the outer cannula channel, and when the fluid supply sleeve is in an installed condition on the outer cannula, the outer cannula separates the at least one fluid supply channel from the outer cannula channel.
5. The tissue removal system of claim 1, wherein the fluid supply sleeve is selectively positionable along the length of the outer cannula.
6. The tissue removal system of claim 1, wherein the outer cannula is rotatable with respect to the fluid supply sleeve and the handpiece.
7. The tissue removal system of claim 6, wherein the rotation of the outer cannula causes the inner cannula to rotate with respect to the handpiece while maintaining a fixed circumferential relationship between the inner cannula and the outer cannula.
8. The tissue removal system of claim 1, wherein the fluid supply sleeve comprises a radioactive material.
9. The tissue removal system of claim 1, wherein at least a portion of the fluid supply sleeve is imageable under positron emission tomography.
10. The tissue removal system of claim 1, wherein the fluid supply sleeve comprises a hub at a proximal end of the fluid supply sleeve, and the outer cannula projects through the proximal end of the hub.
11. The tissue removal system of claim 1, further comprising a source of irrigant in fluid communication with the at least one fluid supply channel.
12. The tissue removal system of claim 1, further comprising a source of a hemostatic agent in fluid communication with the at least one fluid supply channel.
13. The tissue removal system of claim 1, further comprising a source of saline in fluid communication with the at least one fluid supply channel.
14. The tissue removal system of claim 1, further comprising a source of a tissue sealing agent in fluid communication with the at least one fluid supply channel.
15. A method for performing a neurosurgical procedure, comprising:
providing a tissue removal system, the tissue removal system comprising:
a handpiece,
an outer cannula having an outer cannula lumen, a proximal end, a distal end, and an outer cannula opening adjacent the distal end, wherein the opening defines a cutting edge for severing tissue; and
an inner cannula disposed in the outer cannula lumen and reciprocable within the outer cannula lumen, the inner cannula having an inner cannula lumen, a proximal end, an open distal end, a cutting edge at the distal end, a living hinge, a cutting section, and a body section, with the hinge being located between the cutting section and the body section, wherein the cutting section is pivotable when the inner cannula reciprocates within the outer cannula lumen;
a fluid supply sleeve disposed about the outer cannula and comprising an outer cannula channel and at least one fluid supply channel;
inserting the outer cannula into a patient proximate a target tissue associated with the patient’s neurological system;
supplying a fluid through the at least one fluid supply channel and to the target tissue or an area proximate to the target tissue;
reciprocating the inner cannula within the outer cannula lumen between a proximal position and a distal position, such that when the inner cannula is in the proximal position, the target tissue is received in the outer cannula opening, and when the inner cannula is in the distal position, the cutting section pivots and the received target tissue is severed from surrounding tissue; and
aspirating the severed samples through the inner cannula lumen.
16. The method of claim 15, wherein the step of providing a tissue removal system comprises providing the fluid supply sleeve and inserting the outer cannula through the outer cannula channel of the fluid supply sleeve.
17. The method of claim 15, further comprising selectively positioning the fluid supply sleeve along the length of the outer cannula to cover a selected portion of the outer cannula opening.
18. The method of claim 17, further comprising generating a vacuum level in the inner cannula lumen to draw the target tissue into the outer cannula opening with the fluid supply sleeve located at the selected position along the length of the outer cannula.
19. The method of claim 17, further comprising generating a vacuum level in the inner cannula lumen without reciprocating the inner cannula within the outer cannula and with the fluid supply sleeve located at the selected position along the length of the outer cannula.
20. The method of claim 15, wherein the fluid comprises an irrigant.
21. The method of claim 15, wherein the fluid comprises a hemostatic agent.
22. The method of claim 15, wherein the fluid comprises a tissue sealant.
23. The method of claim 15, wherein the target tissue comprises a tumor.
24. The method of claim 15, wherein the target tissue comprises one or more bleeding blood vessels.
25. A method for performing a neurosurgical procedure, comprising:
providing a tissue removal system, the tissue removal system comprising:
a handpiece,
an outer cannula having an outer cannula lumen, a proximal end, a distal end, and an outer cannula opening adjacent the distal end, wherein the opening defines a cutting edge for severing tissue, and
an inner cannula disposed in the outer cannula lumen and reciprocable within the outer cannula lumen, the inner cannula having an inner cannula lumen, a proximal end, an open distal end, a cutting edge at the distal end, a living hinge, a cutting section, and a body section, with the hinge being located between the cutting section and the body section, wherein the cutting section is pivotable when the inner cannula reciprocates within the outer cannula lumen,
a fluid supply sleeve comprising an outer cannula channel and at least one fluid supply channel;
selectively positioning the fluid supply sleeve along the length of the outer cannula to cover a selected portion of the outer cannula opening;
inserting the outer cannula into a patient proximate a target tissue associated with the patient’s neurological system; and
generating a vacuum level in the inner cannula lumen without reciprocating the inner cannula within the outer cannula lumen while the fluid supply sleeve is located at the selected position along the length of the outer cannula.
26. The method of claim 25, further comprising drawing the target tissue into the outer cannula opening while the fluid supply sleeve is located at the selected position along the length of the outer cannula.
27. The method of claim 25, further comprising supplying a fluid through the at least one fluid supply channel to the target tissue or an area proximate the target tissue.
28. The method of claim 27, wherein the fluid is a first fluid, and the step of generating a vacuum level in the inner cannula lumen aspirates a second fluid through the inner cannula lumen.
29. The method of claim 28, wherein the first fluid is the same as the second fluid.
30. The method of claim 27, wherein the fluid comprises an irrigant.
31. The method of claim 27, wherein the fluid comprises a hemostatic agent.
32. The method of claim 27, wherein the fluid comprises saline.
33. The method of claim 25, wherein the fluid supply sleeve comprises a radioactive material, and the method further comprises imaging the fluid supply sleeve using positron emission tomography.
34. The method of claim 25, wherein the fluid supply sleeve comprises a hub, and the outer cannula projects thorough the hub.
The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.
1. A pressure control valve comprising:
a housing;
a supply port at a first end of said housing;
a control port at a first end of said housing;
an exhaust port at a second end of said housing;
a primary poppet and a primary seat, which provide control pressure feedback acting to open said primary poppet, wherein said primary poppet has a larger diameter and is operably associated with said exhaust port;
a secondary poppet and a secondary seat operably associated with said supply port and said control port, wherein said secondary poppet has a smaller diameter which partially offsets the control feedback pressure of said primary poppet;
a hollow valve shaft including both poppets, slidably disposed between said primary seat and said secondary seat, wherein said hollow valve shaft allows flow and pressure communication between said primary poppet and said secondary poppet and provides viscous dampening of said valve;
a solenoid actuator having an armature fixed to said valve shaft allowing for the positioning of said valve shaft between said primary seat and said secondary seat to achieve variable pressure control proportional to the current applied to said actuator to regulate pressure to said control port;
a lower bearing supporting said valve shaft having an inner diameter sized approximately the same as the secondary poppet diameter and located at the supply port such that said bearing acts as a pressure boundary minimizing the area of the movable valve shaft on which supply port pressure acts; and
an upper bearing located adjacent to the larger primary poppet supporting said valve shaft and minimizing the transfer of ferrous contamination for controlled fluid to working air gaps of said actuator.
2. The valve of claim 1 further comprising an adjustable end cap disposed through said housing of said solenoid, wherein said exhaust port is disposed about said end cap.
3. The solenoid valve of claim 1 further comprising a spring configured about said hollow valve shaft, wherein said spring is biased to move said secondary poppet in a direction to contact said secondary valve seat placing said dual poppet low leak solenoid valve in a normally open or normally low pressure position.
4. The solenoid valve of claim 1 further comprising a spring configured about said hollow valve shaft, wherein said spring is biased to move said primary poppet in a direction to contact said primary valve seat, placing said valve in a normally closed or normally high pressure position.