1. A water vaporization apparatus comprising:
a frame means;
a water collection means comprising a water container member having an open end, said open end being open in the generally upward direction; and an inlet means for allowing water to enter said water container member, said open end being located open above water level and said inlet means being located below water level;
a vaporizing means mounted to said frame structure means, said vaporizing means being positioned generally above said open end of said water container member;
whereby heat beams from the sun may be concentrated into said open end of said water container member by said vaporizing means, said inlet means being connected to a water reservoir, said heat beams causing said water to evaporate from said water container member, such that said water from said water reservoir may move through said inlet means and into said water container member.
2. The water vaporization apparatus as claimed in claim 1, said water collection means further comprising a water rotation means having a water engagement member, said water moving through said water transport member contacting said water engagement member, causing said water engagement member to rotate; said inlet means being a water transport member connected at one end to said water container member and said other end being open to said water reservoir, said water rotation means being mounted to said water transport member.
3. The water vaporization apparatus as claimed in claim 2 further comprising an electricity generation means operatively connected to said water rotation means such said rotation of said water engagement means causes electricity to be produced by said electricity generation means.
4. The water vaporization apparatus as claimed in claim 3, said water rotation means further comprising a rotatable member mounted to said water engagement member, said electricity generation means further comprising a rotatable member mounted to an electric generator, said rotatable members connected together by a closed loop connection member such that said rotatable members rotate simultaneously.
5. The water vaporization apparatus as claimed in claim 1 further comprising a water condenser means, said water condenser means including a tube member connected to said water container member of said water collection means; and a clear cover mounted on said open end of said water container member; whereby heat beams are channeled through said clear cover and concentrated on said water in said water container member, such that evaporated water from said water container member moves through said tube member, with said evaporated water being sufficiently cooled as it travels through said tube so that it returns to a liquid form.
6. The water vaporization apparatus as claimed in claim 1, said vaporizing means comprising a converging lens member mounted directly above said open end of said water container member for concentrating the heat beams into a smaller area.
7. The water vaporization apparatus as claimed in claim 6, said vaporizing means further comprising a diverging lens member mounted directly above said converging lens member for channeling the heat beams from the sun into a generally downward direction, onto said converging lens member.
8. The water vaporization apparatus as claimed in claim 1, said apparatus being part of a group of apparatuses connected together and utilizing the same inlet means, such that larger amounts of water may be displaced simultaneously in order that the water flow rate through said inlet means may be increased.
The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.
What is claimed is:
1. An equalizer for correcting distortions in a distorted signal, said equalizer comprising:
an input transmission line responsive to the distorted signal;
an output transmission line coupled to the input transmission line, said output transmission line providing a corrected signal; and
a plurality of spaced apart cantilevers positioned adjacent to and spaced from the input transmission line and the output transmission line, each cantilever being responsive to a bias voltage, said bias voltage moving the cantilever to adjust a gap between the cantilever and the input and output transmission lines, wherein the movable cantilevers provide a weighting function for adjusting the amount of the signal that is transferred from the input transmission line to the output transmission line through the cantilevers.
2. The equalizer according to claim 1 wherein the plurality of cantilevers are flexibly mounted to a common stanchion running parallel to the input and output transmission lines.
3. The equalizer according to claim 2 wherein the cantilever stanchion, the input transmission line and the output transmission line are all mounted on a common semiconductor substrate.
4. The equalizer according to claim 1 wherein the bias voltage applied to the cantilevers is generated by an error detection system and a weight computer.
5. The equalizer according to claim 4 wherein the error detection system is a correlative error detection system operating as a matched filter, said error detection system providing a signal peak if a sequence of bits in the corrected signal matches a predetermined sequence of filter values.
6. The equalizer according to claim 1 wherein the equalizer is one of a feed forward equalizer or a decision feedback equalizer.
7. The equalizer according to claim 1 wherein the equalizer is part of an optical communications system and the distorted signal is an optical signal.
8. An equalizer for removing distortions in a distorted differential signal, said differential signal including a positive part and a negative part, said equalizer comprising:
a substrate;
a positive forward transmission line rail mounted on the substrate and being responsive to the positive part of the differential signal;
a negative forward transmission line rail mounted on the substrate and being responsive to the negative part of the differential signal;
a positive return transmission line rail mounted on the substrate adjacent and parallel to the positive forward transmission line rail;
a negative return transmission line rail mounted on the substrate adjacent and parallel to the negative forward transmission line rail;
a first cantilever stanchion mounted to the substrate adjacent to the positive forward transmission line rail and the positive return transmission line rail;
a second cantilever stanchion mounted to the substrate adjacent to the negative forward transmission line rail and the negative return transmission line rail;
a plurality of positive signal cantilevers flexibly mounted to the first cantilever stanchion spaced apart from each other, said plurality of positive cantilevers defining a gap between the positive cantilevers and the positive forward transmission line rail and the positive return transmission line rail; and
a plurality of negative signal cantilevers flexibly mounted to the second cantilever stanchion spaced apart from each other, said plurality of negative cantilevers defining a gap between the negative cantilevers and the negative forward transmission line rail and the negative return transmission line rail.
9. The equalizer according to claim 8 wherein the positive forward transmission line rail, the negative forward transmission line rail, the positive return transmission line rail, the negative return transmission line rail, the first cantilever stanchion and the second cantilever stanchion are all parallel to each other.
10. The equalizer according to claim 8 wherein each cantilever includes a signal weight tap, each signal weight tap being responsive to a DC bias voltage to control the gap between the cantilever and the transmission line rails.
11. The equalizer according to claim 10 wherein the bias voltage is generated by an adaptive weight processor.
12. The equalizer according to claim 11 wherein the adaptive weight processor includes an error correction system and a weight computer.
13. The equalizer according to claim 8 wherein the equalizer is one of a feed forward equalizer or a decision feedback equalizer.
14. An equalizer for correcting distortions in a distorted differential signal, said differential signal including a positive part and a negative part, said equalizer comprising:
a feed forward equalizer processor, said feed forward equalizer processor including a first substrate, a first positive forward transmission line rail mounted on the first substrate and being responsive to the positive part of the differential signal, a first negative forward transmission line rail mounted on the first substrate and being responsive to the negative part of the differential signal, a first positive return transmission line rail mounted on the first substrate adjacent and parallel to the first positive forward transmission line rail, a first negative return transmission line rail mounted on the first substrate adjacent and parallel to the first negative forward transmission line rail, a first cantilever stanchion mounted to the first substrate adjacent and parallel to the first positive forward transmission line rail and the first positive return transmission line rail, a second cantilever stanchion mounted to the first substrate adjacent and parallel to the first negative forward transmission line rail and the first negative return transmission line rail, a plurality of first positive signal cantilevers flexibly mounted to the first cantilever stanchion and being spaced apart from each other, said plurality of first positive cantilevers defining a gap between the first positive cantilevers and the first positive forward transmission line rail and the first positive return transmission line rail, and a plurality of first negative signal cantilevers flexibly mounted to the second cantilever stanchion and being spaced apart from each other, said plurality of first negative cantilevers defining a gap between the first negative cantilevers and the first negative forward transmission line rail and the first negative return transmission line rail; and
a decision feedback equalizer processor, said decision feedback equalizer processor including a second substrate, a second positive forward transmission line rail mounted on the second substrate and being responsive to a first summed signal, a second negative forward transmission line rail mounted on the second substrate and being responsive to a second summed signal, a second positive return transmission line rail mounted on the second substrate adjacent and parallel to the second positive forward transmission line rail, a second negative return transmission line rail mounted on the second substrate adjacent and parallel to the second negative forward transmission line rail, a third cantilever stanchion mounted to the second substrate adjacent and parallel to the second positive forward transmission line rail and the second positive return transmission line rail, a fourth cantilever stanchion mounted to the second substrate adjacent and parallel to the second negative forward transmission line rail and the second negative return transmission line rail, a plurality of second positive signal cantilevers flexibly mounted to the third cantilever stanchion and being spaced apart from each other, said plurality of second positive cantilevers defining a gap between the second positive cantilevers and the second positive forward transmission line rail and the second positive return transmission line rail, and a plurality of second negative signal cantilevers flexibly mounted to the fourth cantilever stanchion and being spaced apart from each other, said plurality of second negative cantilevers defining a gap between the second negative cantilevers and the second negative forward transmission line rail and the second negative return transmission line rail, wherein the first summed signal is the sum of a corrected signal from the first positive return transmission line rail and a corrected signal from the second positive return transmission line rail and the second summed signal is the sum of a corrected signal from the first negative return transmission line rail and a corrected signal from the second negative return transmission line rail, and wherein each cantilever includes a signal weight tap, said signal weight tap being responsive to a DC bias voltage to control the gap between the cantilever and the transmission line rails.
15. The equalizer according to claim 14 wherein the first summed signal is sent through a first delay device before it reaches the second positive forward transmission line and the second summed signal is sent through a second delay device before it reaches the second negative forward transmission line.
16. The equalizer according to claim 14 wherein the first summed signal and the second summed signal are two parts of a corrected differential signal.
17. An equalizer for correcting distortions in a distorted signal, said equalizer comprising a tapped delay line including a plurality of spaced apart micro-electromechanical devices and a pair of adjacent transmission lines, each micro-electromechanical device including a cantilever member spaced from the transmission lines, wherein one of the transmission lines is responsive to the distorted signal and wherein the cantilever members couple the signal onto the other transmission line.
18. The equalizer according to claim 17 wherein each cantilever member includes a signal weight tap, each signal weight tap being responsive to a DC bias voltage to control a gap between the cantilever member and the transmission lines.
19. The equalizer according to claim 17 further comprising a cantilever stanchion, each of the cantilever members being flexibly mounted to the cantilever stanchion.
20. A method of correcting distortions in a distorted signal, comprising:
propagating the distorted signal down an input transmission line;
coupling the signal on the input transmission line into a plurality of spaced apart cantilevers, said cantilevers being positioned adjacent to and spaced from the input transmission line;
applying a bias voltage to the cantilever to adjust a gap between the cantilever and the input transmission line; and
coupling the signal on the cantilevers onto an output transmission line, wherein the bias voltages applied to the cantilevers provide a weighting function for controlling the amount of the signal that is transferred from the input transmission line to the output transmission line through the cantilevers.
21. The method according to claim 20 wherein coupling the signal on the cantilevers onto an output transmission line includes summing the signals on each cantilever to provide a corrected signal.
22. The method according to claim 21 further comprising applying the corrected signal to an error detection system to determine whether the corrected signal is distorted and providing an error signal indicative of the amount that the corrected signal is distorted.
23. The method according to claim 22 further comprising applying the error signal to a weight computer for changing the bias voltages applied to the cantilevers to correct the distortions in the corrected signal.