1. A device, comprising:
a processing element configured to execute a flood fill routine in accordance with an updated flood map;
a software interface configured to direct the processing element to issue an input flood map for a given image block to be flood-fill processed; and
a flood-fill hardware primitive configured to receive and update the input flood map to include final pixel positions to be flooded, and to provide the updated flood map to the processing element.
2. The device of claim 1 wherein the device includes multiple processing elements, the device further comprising:
an arbiter operatively coupled between the processing elements and the flood-fill hardware primitive, so that processing element commands to the flood-fill hardware primitive can be acted upon pursuant to an arbitration scheme.
3. The device of claim 2 wherein the device further includes multiple flood-fill hardware primitives which are used in accordance with the arbitration scheme.
4. The device of claim 1 wherein the input flood map indicates pixels in the image block that can accept a flooded value.
5. The device of claim 4 wherein the input flood map further indicates surrounding pixels of the image block which represent connectivity to the image block.
6. The device of claim 1 wherein the device is configured to initially flood-fill an image block that includes a seed node, and to subsequently flood-fill neighbor image blocks of that seed node image block.
7. The device of claim 1 wherein the software interface is configured to produce parallel threads and issue each one to one of multiple processing elements, such that each thread can run independently until done.
8. The device of claim 1 wherein the flood-fill hardware primitive is implemented with a bitwise definition.
9. The device of claim 8 wherein the bitwise definition is tuned to meet at least one of power and processor cycle performance targets.
10. The device of claim 1 wherein the processing element is configured to early exit the flood fill routine if all connection points of the given image block are reset or if its updated flood map is completely reset.
11. The device of claim 1 wherein the flood-fill hardware primitive is configured to early exit flood map updating if it detects that flooding will make no change.
12. A media processing system comprising the device of claim 1.
13. A mobile computing system comprising the media processing system of claim 12.
14. A media processing system, comprising:
a plurality of processing elements, each configured to execute a flood fill routine in accordance with an updated flood map;
a software interface configured to produce parallel threads and issue each one to one of the processing elements, such that each thread can run independently until done and thereby directing each of those processing elements to issue an input flood map for a given image block to be flood-fill processed; and
a plurality of flood-fill hardware primitives, each configured to update an input flood map received from one of the processing elements to include final pixel positions to be flooded, and to provide the updated flood map back to that processing element.
15. The system of claim 14 further comprising:
an arbiter operatively coupled between the processing elements and the flood-fill hardware primitives, so that processing element commands to the flood-fill hardware primitives can be acted upon pursuant to an arbitration scheme.
16. The system of claim 14 wherein each input flood map indicates pixels in the corresponding image block that can accept a flooded value, and further indicates surrounding pixels of that corresponding image block which represent connectivity to that corresponding image block.
17. The system of claim 14 wherein the system is configured to initially flood-fill a given image block that includes a seed node, and to subsequently flood-fill neighbor image blocks of that seed node image block.
18. The system of claim 14 wherein the flood-fill hardware primitive is implemented with a bitwise definition.
19. The system of claim 14 wherein each processing element is configured to early exit flood-fill processing a given image block if all connection points of that image block are reset or if its updated flood map is completely reset.
20. The system of claim 14 wherein at least one of the flood-fill hardware primitives is configured to early exit flood map updating if it detects that flooding will make no change.
21. A method, comprising:
directing, via a software interface, a processing element to issue an input flood map for a given image block to be flood-fill processed;
updating, via a flood-fill hardware primitive, the input flood map to include final pixel positions to be flooded; and
providing the updated flood map back to the processing element.
22. The method of claim 21 wherein the directing includes multiple processing elements, the method further comprising:
acting upon processing element commands to the flood-fill hardware primitive pursuant to an arbitration scheme.
23. The method of claim 21 wherein the input flood map indicates pixels in the image block that can accept a flooded value, and further indicates surrounding pixels of the image block which represent connectivity to the image block.
24. The method of claim 21 wherein the method comprises initially flood-filling an image block that includes a seed node, and subsequently flood-filling neighbor image blocks of that seed node image block.
25. The method of claim 21 wherein directing a processing element comprises producing parallel threads and issuing each one to one of multiple processing elements, such that each thread can run independently until done.
26. The method of claim 21 wherein the flood-fill hardware primitive is implemented with a bitwise definition.
27. The method of claim 21 wherein directing a processing element comprises early exiting flood-fill processing the given image block if all connection points of that image block are reset or if its updated flood map is completely reset.
28. The method of claim 21 wherein further comprising early exiting the updating if flooding will make no change.
The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.
We claim:
1. A coating, comprising:
a silane and
a biopolymer, wherein said biopolymer is covalently linked to the silane.
2. The coating of claim 1, wherein the silane has functionality capable of reacting with a hydroxyl group.
3. The coating of claim 1, wherein the silane comprises at least one of isocyanate, isothiocyanate, ester, anhydride, acyl halide, alkyl halide, epoxide, or aziridine functionality
4. The coating of claim 1, wherein the silane comprises isocyanate functionality.
5. The coating of claim 4, wherein the biopolymer is derived from heparin-tridodecylmethylammonium chloride.
6. The coating of claim 1, wherein the biopolymer is derived from a complex selected from the group consisting of heparin-tridodecylmethylammonium chloride, heparin-benzalkonium chloride, heparin-stearalkonium chloride, heparin-poly-N-vinyl-pyrolidone, heparin-lecithin, heparin-didodecyldimethylammonium bromide, heparin-pyridinium chloride, and heparin-synthetic glycolipid complex.
7. The coating of claim 1, wherein the biopolymer has hydroxyl or amine functional groups that can react with isocyanate functionality.
8. The coating of claim 1, wherein the biopolymer comprises an adduct of heparin molecules.
9. The coating of claim 7, wherein the heparin is provided in a form capable of dissolving in an organic solvent.
10. The coating of claim 1, wherein the biopolymer provides thromboresistance.
11. The coating of claim 1, wherein the biopolymer is derived from heparin-tridodecylmethylammonium chloride.
12. The coating of claim 1, further comprising at least one of a wetting agent and an additive.
13. The coating of claim 1, wherein the silane has an organic chain between isocyanate and silane functional groups.
14. A coating for a medical device, wherein thromboresistance activity can be modified, comprising
heparin-tridodecylmethylammonium chloride;
a silane having isocyanate functionality; and
an organic solvent.
15. The coating of claim 14, wherein the quantity of at least one of the silane and the heparin-tridodecylmethylammonium chloride complex is selected to provide desired thromboresistance.
16. The coating of claim 15, wherein the concentration of the silane is between about one-tenth percent and about twenty percent.
17. The coating of claim 15, wherein the concentration of the silane is between about one-tenth percent and about ten percent.
18. The coating of claim 15, wherein the concentration of the silane is between about one-tenth percent and about five percent.
19. The coating of claim 15, wherein the concentration of the silane is between about one-half percent and about four percent.
20. The coating of claim 15, wherein the concentration of heparintridodecylmethyl-ammonium chloride is between about one-tenth percent and about twenty percent.
21. The coating of claim 15, wherein the concentration of heparintridodecylmethyl-ammonium chloride is between about one-tenth percent and about ten percent.
22. The coating of claim 15, wherein the concentration of heparin-tridodecylmethylammonium chloride is between about one-tenth percent and about five percent.
23. The coating of claim 15, wherein the concentration of heparin-tridodecylmethylammonium chloride is between about one-tenth percent and about four percent.
24. The coating of claim 15, wherein the concentration, of the silane is about five-tenths percent and the concentration of the heparin-tridodecylmethylammonium chloride is about two-tenths percent.
25. The coating of claim 14, wherein the organic solvent tetrahydrofuran is used to prepare the solution applied to the surface.
26. The coating of claim 14, wherein the silane and the heparin-tridodecylmethylammonium chloride are provided in a single layer.
27. The coating of claim 14, further comprising a surface active agent.
28. The coating of claim 27, wherein the surface active agent is Triton.
29. A coated medical device, comprising:
a substrate, and
a coating derived from heparin-tridodecylmethylammonium chloride, a silane having isocyanate functionality, and an organic solvent.
30. The coated medical device of claim 29, wherein the solution applied to the surface comprises silane and heparin-tridodecylmethylammonium chloride, and said solution is applied directly to the substrate without the use of a primer.
31. The medical device of claim 1-9, wherein the silane and the heparin-tridodecylmethylammonium chloride are applied in a single layer.
32. The device of claim 29, wherein the heparin is covalently bonded to the substrate.
33. The device of claim 19, wherein the device is a stent.
34. The device of claim 33, wherein the stent is made of at least one of stainless steel, nitinol, tantalum, glass, ceramic, nickel, titanium and aluminum.
35. A method of coating a medical device, comprising covalently bonding a heparin to the medical device.
36. The method of claim 35, further comprising:
applying a silane having functionality capable of reacting with a hydroxyl group to the medical device.
37. The method of claim 36, wherein the silane has isocyanate functionality.
38. The method of claim 35, wherein the heparin is derived from heparin-tridodecylmethylammonium chloride.
39. The method of claim 36, further comprising:
dissolving heparin-tridodecylmethylammonium chloride and the silane in an organic solvent prior to applying the solution to the substrate.
40. The method of claim 39, wherein the organic solvent is tetrahydrofuran.
41. The method of claim 36, further comprising:
applying the heparin-tridodecylmethylammonium chloride and the silane to the medical device in a single layer.
42. The method of claim 36, further comprising:
adjusting the concentration, in the solution applied to the surface, of at least one of the silane and the heparin-tridodecylmethylammonium chloride to provide desired thromboresistance.
43. The method of claim 42, wherein the concentration of the silane is between about one-tenth percent and about twenty percent.
44. The method of claim 42, wherein the concentration of the silane is between about one-tenth percent and about ten percent.
45. The method of claim 42, wherein the concentration of the silane is between about one-tenth percent and about five percent.
46. The method of claim 41, wherein the concentration of the silane is between about one-half percent and about four percent.
47. The method of claim 42, wherein the concentration of heparintridodecylmethyl-ammonium chloride is between about one-tenth percent and about twenty percent.
48. The method of claim 42, wherein the concentration of heparintridodecylmethyl-ammonium chloride is between about one-tenth percent and about ten percent.
49. The method of claim 42, wherein the concentration of heparintridodecylmethyl-ammonium chloride is between about one-tenth percent and about five percent.
50. The method of claim 42 wherein the concentration of heparintridodecylmethyl-ammonium chloride is between about one-tenth percent and about four percent.
51. The method of claim 42, wherein the concentration, of the silane is about five-tenths percent and the concentration of the heparin-tridodecylmethylammonium chloride is about two-tenths percent.
52. The method of claim 36, further comprising:
oxidizing the medical device prior to applying the silane and the heparin-tridodecylmethylammonium chloride.
53. A method of coating a medical device, comprising:
dissolving heparin-tridodecylmethylammonium chloride and a silane having isocyanate functionality in an organic solvent and applying said solution to the device to form a coating on the medical device.
54. The method of claim 53, further comprising:
oxidizing a surface of the medical device prior to applying the coating.
55. The method of claim 53, further comprising:
providing a wetting agent in conjunction with applying the coating.
56. The method of claim 53, further comprising:
adding a film-forming agent to the coating.
57. The method of claim 56, wherein the film forming agent is selected from the group consisting of cellulose esters, polydialkyl siloxanes, polyurethanes, acrylic polymers, elastomers, biodegradable polymers, polylactic acid, polyglycolic acid, copolymers of polylactic acid and polyglycolic acid and poly(e-caprolactone).
58. The method of claim 53, further comprising:
adding a non-functional silane to the coating.
59. The method of claim 58, wherein the non-functional silanes are selected from the group consisting of chain alkyltriakoxysilanes and phenyltriakoxysilanes.