1. Method for controlling fuel injection into a direct injection, compression-ignition engine, comprising:
determining an engine operating point;
determining a quantity of fuel to inject during a combustion cycle;
selectively executing one of one, two, and three fuel injection events during the combustion cycle based upon the engine operating point and the quantity of fuel to inject, and
selectively executing one of the one, two, and three fuel injection events based upon a minimum controllable flowrate of the fuel injector.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein selectively executing two fuel injection events further comprises injecting substantially equal quantities of fuel during each of the two fuel injection events.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein selectively executing three fuel injection events further comprises injecting substantially equal quantities of fuel during each of the three fuel injection events.
4. The method of claim 3, further comprising: having a first dwell time between an end of the first injection event and a start of the second injection event substantially equal to a second dwell time between an end of the second injection event and a start of the third injection event.
5. The method of claim 4, comprising determining the first and second dwell times to minimize particulate mass emissions and optimize the engine thermal efficiency.
6. The method of claim 5, wherein selectively executing the three fuel injection events further comprises initiating the first fuel injection event during a compression stroke immediately prior to a top-dead-center point of piston travel and initiating the second and third fuel injection events after the top-dead-center point of piston travel.
7. The method of claim 1, wherein the engine operating point is determined based upon engine load.
8. The method of claim 1, comprising determining the quantity of fuel to inject during the combustion cycle based upon the engine operating point and an operator torque request.
9. Method for controlling fuel injection into a direct injection, compression-ignition engine, comprising:
determining an engine operating point;
determining a quantity of fuel to inject during a combustion cycle;
selectively executing two fuel injection events during the combustion cycle based upon the engine operating point and the quantity of fuel to inject and injecting substantially equal quantities of fuel during each of the two fuel injection events, and
initiating the first fuel injection event at a crank angle determined based upon a crank angle at which fifty percent of the quantity of fuel injected during the combustion cycle for the two fuel injection events is substantially the same as for an optimized single injection event for injecting the quantity of fuel.
10. Method for controlling fuel injection into a direct injection, compression-ignition engine, comprising:
determining an engine operating point;
determining a quantity of fuel to inject during a combustion cycle;
selectively executing one of one, two, and three fuel injection events during the combustion cycle based upon the engine operating point and the quantity of fuel to inject, and
selectively executing three fuel injection events further comprises injecting substantially equal quantities of fuel during each of the three fuel injection events,
wherein a crank angle for initiating injection of the first fuel injection event is determined based upon a crank angle at which fifty percent of the quantity of fuel injected during the combustion cycle for the three injection event is substantially the same as for an optimized single injection event for injecting the quantity of fuel.
11. Internal combustion engine, comprising:
a diffusion-combustion engine equipped with a fuel-injection system comprising a high-pressure fuel system and a plurality of fuel injectors each adapted to inject fuel directly into a combustion chamber of the engine; and,
a controller, adapted to:
monitor engine operation and an operator torque request;
determine a quantity of fuel to inject into one of the combustion chambers during a combustion cycle;
actuate one of the fuel injectors to selectively execute one of one, two, and three fuel injection events to deliver the determined quantity of fuel to the combustion chamber during the combustion cycle; and,
initiate the start of injection at a crank angle determined based upon a crank angle at which fifty percent of the quantity of fuel injected during the combustion cycle is substantially the same as for a single injection event to inject the quantity of fuel.
12. The internal combustion engine of claim 11, wherein the diffusion combustion engine comprises a direct injection compression-ignition engine.
13. The internal combustion engine of claim 11, wherein the high-pressure fuel system is effective to operate at a fuel pressure of 1800 bar.
14. The internal combustion engine of claim 11, wherein the controller is adapted to selectively actuate one of the fuel injectors to execute three fuel injection events to deliver the determined quantity of fuel based upon engine load.
15. System to control exhaust gas emissions in a direct-injection, diesel-cycle, internal combustion engine, comprising:
i) a compression-ignition engine, comprising:
a) a plurality of cylinders, each cylinder having a combustion chamber formed therewithin;
b) a fuel injection system, comprising a plurality of fuel injectors fluidly connected to a pressurized fuel line; each injector having a plurality of fuel-distributive nozzles having a low flow number, each injector operable to receive pressurized fuel from the fuel rail, and, operable to directly inject a quantifiable mass of fuel into a combustion chamber of the engine; and,
ii) a control system: operable to: monitor engine operation, and, control the fuel injection system; the control system having a computer program encoded therein for effecting a method to control operation of the fuel injection system, the method comprising:
injecting a first mass of fuel immediately prior to the piston reaching a top-dead center location in the combustion chamber during a compression stroke; and,
injecting a second mass of fuel substantially equal to the first mass of fuel into the combustion chamber during an expansion stroke occurring immediately thereafter, after a predetermined dwell period.
The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.
1. An image forming apparatus having a function that is validated by installing a function license, the image forming apparatus comprising:
a checking unit configured to check, when license information to restore the image forming apparatus to a state of factory shipment is input, whether a function license of a function of the image forming apparatus is installed;
an installation history determination unit configured to determine, if the checking unit confirms that the function license is installed and the license information to restore the image forming apparatus to the state of factory shipment is input, whether there is any installation history of the function license on the image forming apparatus; and
a deletion unit configured to invalidate the installed function license and delete the installation history,
wherein, if the installation history determination unit determines that there is an installation history of the function license on the image forming apparatus, the deletion unit, according to the input license information to restore the image forming apparatus to the state of factory shipment, invalidates the installed function license and deletes the installation history, and
wherein, if the installation history determination unit determines that there is not any installation history, the deletion unit does not invalidate the function license.
2. The image forming apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising a transfer history determination unit configured to determine, if the checking unit confirms that the function license is not installed, whether there is any transfer history indicating that the function license has been transferred,
wherein, if the transfer history determination unit determines that there is a transfer history indicating that the function license has been transferred, the deletion unit deletes the transfer history.
3. The image forming apparatus according to claim 2, wherein, if the checking unit confirms that the function license is not installed and the transfer history determination unit determines that there is the transfer history when license information to invalidate the function license without deleting the transfer history is input, the transfer history is not deleted.
4. A method for an image forming apparatus having a function that is validated by installing a function license, the method comprising:
checking, when license information to restore the image forming apparatus to a state of factory shipment is input, whether a function license of a function of the image forming apparatus is installed;
determining, if the checking confirms that the function license is installed and the license information to restore the image forming apparatus to the state of factory shipment is input, whether there is any installation history of the function license on the image forming apparatus; and
invalidating the installed function license and deleting the installation history, according to the input license information to restore the image forming apparatus to the state of factory shipment, if it is determined that there is an installation history of the function license on the image forming apparatus, and
not invalidating the function license if it is determined that there is not any installation history.
5. A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing a program that causes an image forming apparatus to perform the method according to claim 4.
6. A non-transitory computer readable storage medium on which is stored a computer program for making a computer execute a method for an image forming apparatus having a function that is validated by installing a function license, the method comprising:
checking, when license information to restore the image forming apparatus to a state of factory shipment is input, whether a function license of a function of the image forming apparatus is installed;
determining, if the checking confirms that the function license is installed and the license information to restore the image forming apparatus to the state of factory shipment is input, whether there is any installation history of the function license on the image forming apparatus; and
invalidating the installed function license and deleting the installation history, according to the input license information to restore the image forming apparatus to the state of factory shipment, if it is determined that there is an installation history of the function license on the image forming apparatus, and
not invalidating the function license if it is determined that there is not any installation history.