1. A method of evaluating an earth formation, the method comprising:
(a) making measurements with a multicomponent resistivity logging tool at a plurality of depths in a borehole in the earth formation;
(b) estimating from the measurements a first cumulative sand thickness in a first interval of the earth formation;
(c) estimating from the measurements a second cumulative sand thickness in a second interval of the earth formation, the second interval encompassing the first interval;
(d) using the first estimated cumulative sand thickness and the second estimated cumulative sand thickness for determining a maximum sand thickness within a portion of the second interval not included in the first interval; and
(e) recording the maximum sand thickness on a suitable medium.
2. The method of claim 1 wherein estimating the first cumulative sand thickness and the second cumulative sand thickness further comprises using a horizontal resistivity and a vertical resistivity derived from the measurements made by the multicomponent logging tool.
3. That method of claim 1 further comprising using the measurements made by the multicomponent resistivity logging tool for estimating at least one of (i) a dip of the formation, and (ii) an azimuth angle of the formation.
4. The method of claim 1 further comprising using the measurements made by the multicomponent resistivity logging tool for estimating at least one of (i) a dip angle of an unconformity in the formation, and (ii) an azimuth angle of an unconformity in the formation.
5. The method of claim 1 further comprising conveying logging tool into the borehole using a conveyance device selected from: (i) a wireline, (ii) a slickline, and (iii) a drilling tubular.
6. The method of claim 1 wherein the determined maximum sand thickness is greater than a length of said portion, the method further comprising repeating step (c) for another interval encompassing the first interval.
7. An apparatus for evaluating an earth formation, the apparatus comprising:
(a) a multicomponent resistivity logging tool configured to make measurements at a plurality of depths in a borehole in the earth formation; and
(b) a processor configured to:
(A) estimate from the measurements a first cumulative sand thickness in a first interval of the earth formation;
(B) estimate from the measurements a second cumulative sand thickness in a second interval of the earth formation, the second interval encompassing the first interval;
(C) use the first estimated cumulative sand thickness and the second estimated cumulative sand thickness to determine a maximum sand thickness within a portion of the second interval not included in the first interval; and
(D) record the maximum sand thickness on a suitable medium.
8. The apparatus of claim 7 wherein the processor is configured to estimate the first cumulative sand thickness and the second cumulative sand thickness by further using a horizontal resistivity and a vertical resistivity derived from the measurements made by the multicomponent logging tool.
9. The apparatus of claim 7 wherein the processor is further configured to use the measurements made by the multicomponent resistivity logging tool for estimating at least one of (i) a dip of the formation, and (ii) an azimuth angle of the formation.
10. The apparatus of claim 7 wherein the processor is further configured to use the measurements made by the multicomponent resistivity logging tool for estimating at least one of (i) a dip angle of an unconformity in the formation, and (ii) an azimuth angle of an unconformity in the formation.
11. The apparatus of claim 7 further comprising a conveyance device configured to convey the logging tool into the borehole, conveyance device being selected from: (i) a wireline, (ii) a slickline, and (iii) a drilling tubular.
12. The apparatus of claim 7 wherein the determined maximum sand thickness is greater than a length of said portion, and wherein the processor is further configured to repeat step (B) for another interval encompassing the first interval.
13. A computer-readable medium for use with an apparatus for evaluating an earth formation, the apparatus comprising:
(a) a multicomponent resistivity logging tool configured to make measurements at a plurality of depths in a borehole in the earth formation;
the medium comprising instructions which enable a processor to:
(b) estimate from the measurements a first cumulative sand thickness in a first interval of the earth formation;
(c) estimate from the measurements a second cumulative sand thickness in a second interval of the earth formation, the second interval encompassing the first interval;
(d) use the first estimated cumulative sand thickness and the second estimated cumulative sand thickness to determine a maximum sand thickness within a portion of the second interval not included in the first interval; and
(e) record the maximum sand thickness on a suitable medium.
14. The medium of claim 13 further comprising at least one of: (i) a ROM, (ii) an EPROM, (iii) an EEPROM, (iv) a flash memory, and (v) an optical disk.
The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.
1. A process for preparing an alkylaromatics isomerisation catalyst comprising at least 0.01% wt of platinum on a carrier comprising of from 1 to 9 wt % of ZSM-12 and inorganic binder, which process comprises treating the carrier with an impregnation solution comprising base and an anionic platinum complex which impregnation solution has a pH of from 5.5 to 8.
2. A process as claimed in claim 1 in which the base is a compound according to the formula (R1R2R3NH)OH in which the compounds R1, R2, R3 each independently are chosen from the group consisting of hydrogen and alkyl containing of from 1 to 6 carbon atoms.
3. A process as claimed in claim 1 in which the impregnation is carried out by contacting the carrier with an excess of impregnation solution while stirring.
4. A process as claimed in claim 1 in which the impregnated carrier is dried and calcined at a temperature of from 300 to 600\xb0 C.
5. A process as claimed in claim 1 in which the silica to alumina molar ratio of the ZSM-12 is in the range of from 60 to 200.
6. A process as claimed in claim 1 in which the anionic platinum complex is a platinum chloride.
7. A process for the isomerisation of alkylaromatics which process comprises contacting a hydrocarbon stream comprising alkylaromatics with a catalyst obtained in a process as claimed in claim 1.