1. A rotary valve comprising:
a rotor that is rotated to open and close a flow passage; and
a casing that accommodates the rotor, wherein
the casing is provided with a rotor accommodating space that rotatably accommodates the rotor, the casing including at least one inflow side opening through which a fluid flows in from outside to the rotor accommodating space and at least one outflow side opening through which the fluid flows out from the rotor accommodating space to the outside, respectively at positions opposite to an outer circumferential surface of the rotor,
the rotor is formed in a cylindrical shape having an internal space, an end surface of the rotor is provided with an end surface side opening that communicates with the internal space, the outer circumferential surface of the rotor is provided with a rotor outer circumferential opening that communicates with one opening of the at least one inflow side opening and the at least one outflow side opening of the casing when arranged opposite to the one opening and a rotor outer circumferential blocking surface that blocks the one opening when arranged opposite to the one opening,
a first interval is formed between the outer circumferential surface of the rotor and an inner circumferential surface of the casing that opposes the outer circumferential surface of the rotor, the first interval excluding the one opening that is blocked by the rotor outer circumferential blocking surface of the rotor, such that the fluid can flow through the first interval, and
a second interval is formed between the end surface of the rotor and the casing such that the fluid can flow in from the end surface opening to the rotor or can flow out from the rotor.
2. The rotary valve according to claim 1, wherein the rotor outer circumferential blocking surface blocks the at least one inflow side opening, and the at least one outflow side opening has an area larger than an area obtained by projecting the rotor onto the outflow side opening and is opened in a normal state regardless of a rotation angle of the rotor.
3. The rotary valve according to claim 2, wherein the casing includes one inflow side opening and two outflow side openings, and
the rotor outer circumferential opening has a length in a circumferential direction configured to open the two outflow side openings at the same time and the rotor outer circumferential blocking surface has a length in a circumferential direction configured to close the two outflow side openings at the same time.
4. The rotary valve according to claim 3, wherein the rotor outer circumferential blocking surface is configured to close only one of the two outflow side openings when the rotor is rotated to a corresponding position within the casing.
5. The rotary valve according to claim 4, wherein when the rotor is rotated to the corresponding position within the casing, a boundary part of the rotor between the rotor outer circumferential opening and the rotor outer circumferential blocking surface is disposed between the two outflow side openings.
6. The rotary valve according to claim 1, wherein a length of the rotor outer circumferential opening along a circumferential direction of the outer circumferential surface of the rotor is substantially half of a length of an entire circumference of the outer circumferential surface of the rotor, and a length of the rotor outer circumferential blocking surface along the circumferential direction of the outer circumferential surface of the rotor is substantially half of the length of the entire circumference of the outer circumferential surface of the rotor.
7. A vehicle comprising:
the rotary valve according to claim 1; and
an engine connected to the flow passage for circulating the fluid.
The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.
1. An aqueous dispersion comprising particles of at least one resin selected from the group consisting of a polyaddition type resin, a polycondensation type resin, an addition condensation type resin, a ring opening polymerization type resin and an addition polymerization type resin; wherein the particle have at least two peaks in a particle diameter distribution curve; at least one peak of the peaks comprises at least one resin selected from the group consisting of a polyaddition type resin, a polycondensation type resin, an addition condensation type resin and a ring opening polymerization type resin; the aqueous dispersion satisfies one or both of the following (i) and (ii):
(i) in particle diameter distribution curves, among a highest peak and a second highest peak, a peak (P1) having a larger particle diameter and a peak (P2) having a smaller particle diameter give a ratio of a peaktop particle diameter of (P1)a peaktop particle diameter of (P2) in a range of 21 to 1001, and a ratio of a height of (P1)a height of (P2) in a range of 11 to 101, and both of (P1) and (P2) have a peak variation coefficient of a peak of 0.1 to 150%, a skewness of \u221210 to 10 and a kurtosis of 0 to 10, and
(ii) in a concentration range of an aqueous dispersion of 20 to 70% by weight, the aqueous dispersion satisfies the following relation equation (1) having a coefficient A of \u22122 to 0 and a constant item B of 1 to 5:
1log(\u03b7\u2212\u03b7o)=A\u03c6+B\u2003\u2003(1)
wherein \u03b70 and \u03b7 represent a Brookfield viscosity (mPa\xb7s, 25\xb0 C.) of water and an aqueous dispersion having a resin concentration of \u03c6 % by weight.
2. The dispersion according to claim 1, wherein a resin forming (P1) and a resin forming (P2) have a difference in HLBs of 0.1 to 10.
3. The dispersion according to claim 1, wherein (P1) has a peaktop particle diameter of 0.1 to 4 \u03bcm.
4. The dispersion according to claim 1, wherein (P1) and (P2) have a ratio of a peaktop particle diameter of (P1)a peaktop diameter of (P2) in a range of 2.21 to 201.
5. The dispersion according to claim 1, wherein the particle diameter distribution curve has a lowest valley not exceeding 80% of the height of the peaktop of (P2) between (P1) and (P2).
6. The dispersion according to claim 1, wherein the resin forming (P1) or (P2) is at least one resin selected from the group consisting of a polyurethane resin, a polyester resin, a polyamide resin, a silicone resin, a polycarbonate resin, a phenol resin, an amino resin, an epoxy resin, an acrylic resin and a styrene resin.
7. The dispersion according to claim 1, wherein at least one of (P1) and (P2) contains a hydrophilic group (Q) having the number of groups inherent to an atomic entity by a Davis method of 0.3 or larger.
8. The dispersion according to claim 7, wherein the hydrophilic group (Q) is one or more selected from the group consisting of a carboxyl group, a carboxylate group, a sulfonic acid group, a sulfonate group and an oxyethylene group.
9. The dispersion according to claim 7, wherein the resin forming (P1) and the resin forming (P2) have a difference in content of the hydrophilic group (Q) of 0.1% by weight of larger.
10. The dispersion according to claim 1, which contains a resin particle at 50 to 75% by weight.
11. The dispersion according to claim 1, which comprises an aqueous dispersion of a resin comprising a resin (A1) and other resin (A2) having two or more different particle diameters, and is obtained by dispersing a solution or a melt of (A2) or a precursor of (A2) in an aqueous dispersion of (A1) and, in the case of a precursor, converting the precursor into (A2).
12. The dispersion according to claim 11, wherein the precursor is dispersed into an aqueous dispersion of (A1) using at least one emulsifying machine selected from a rotator stator type emulsifying machine, a line mill type emulsifying machine, a static tube mixing type emulsifying machine, a vibration type emulsifying machine, an ultrasonic shock type emulsifying machine, a high pressure impact type emulsifying machine, a membrane emulsification type emulsifying machine, a centrifugation thin membrane contact emulsifying machine and an anchor agitator type emulsifying machine.
13. The dispersion according to claim 11, wherein the resin comprises 10 to 50% by weight of (A1) and 50 to 90% by weight of (A2).
14. The dispersion according to claim 11, wherein the aqueous dispersion of (A1) is an aqueous dispersion of a polyurethane resin obtained by adding polyamine to an aqueous dispersion of a urethane prepolymer having a NCO terminal groups, and subjecting the prepolymer to chain extension.
15. The dispersion according to claim 14, wherein the aqueous dispersion of a prepolymer is formed using an emulsifying machine selected from a rotator-stator type emulsifying machine, a line mill type emulsifying machine, a static tube mixing type emulsifying machine, a vibration type emulsifying machine, an ultrasonic shock type emulsifying machine, a high pressure impact type emulsifying machine, a membrane emulsification type emulsifying machine, a centrifugation thin membrane contact emulsifying machine and an anchor agitator type emulsifying machine.
16. The dispersion according to claim 14, wherein a chain extension reaction of the polyamine and the prepolymer is performed in a batch reaction apparatus.
17. A powdery resin obtained from the dispersion as defined in claim 1.
18. A paint, an adhesive, a pressure-sensitive adhesive or a fiber processing and treating agent, which comprises the dispersion as defined in claim 1.